1
|
Gola A, Pietrańczyk R, Musiał W. Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Thermally Sensitive Polymeric Derivatives of N-vinylcaprolactam. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1917. [PMID: 39000772 PMCID: PMC11244384 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Six derivatives of poly-N-vinylcaprolactam (PNVCL) P1-P6 were synthesized via surfactant-free precipitation polymerization (SFPP) at 70 °C, with potassium persulfate (KPS) as the initiator. P5 and P6 were synthesized using the cross-linker N,N'-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA). The conductivity was measured to monitor the polymerization process. The hydrodynamic diameters (HDs) and polydispersity indexes (PDIs) of aqueous dispersions of P1-P6 were determined using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential (ZP) using electrophoretic mobilities. At 18 °C for P1-P6, the HDs (nm) were 428.32 ± 81.30 and PDI 0.31 ± 0.19, 528.60 ± 84.70 (PDI 0.42 ± 0,04), 425.96 ± 115.42 (PDI 0.56 ± 0.08), 440.34 ± 106.40 (PDI 0.52 ± 0.09), 198.39 ± 225.35 (PDI 0.40 ± 0.19), and 1201.52 ± 1318.05 (PDI 0.71 ± 0.30), the and ZPs were (mV) 0.90 ± 3.23, -4.46 ± 1.22, -6.44 ± 1.82, 0.22 ± 0.48, 0.18 ± 0.79, and -0.02 ± 0.39 for P1-P6, respectively. The lower critical solution temperature ranged from 27 to 29 °C. The polymers were characterized using the ATR-FTIR method. The study concluded that the physicochemical properties of the product were significantly affected by the initial reaction parameters. Polymers P1-P4 and P6 have potential for use as drug carriers for skin applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Witold Musiał
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.G.); (R.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Halligan E, Zhuo S, Colbert DM, Alsaadi M, Tie BSH, Bezerra GSN, Keane G, Geever LM. Modulation of the Lower Critical Solution Temperature of Thermoresponsive Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) Utilizing Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071595. [PMID: 37050207 PMCID: PMC10096650 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Four-dimensional printing is primarily based on the concept of 3D printing technology. However, it requires additional stimulus and stimulus-responsive materials. Poly-N-vinylcaprolactam is a temperature-sensitive polymer. Unique characteristics of poly-N-vinylcaprolactam -based hydrogels offer the possibility of employing them in 4D printing. The main aim of this study is to alter the phase transition temperature of poly-N-vinylcaprolactam hydrogels. This research focuses primarily on incorporating two additional monomers with poly-N-vinylcaprolactam: Vinylacetate and N-vinylpyrrolidone. This work contributes to this growing area of research by altering (increasing and decreasing) the lower critical solution temperature of N-vinylcaprolactam through photopolymerisation. Poly-N-vinylcaprolactam exhibits a lower critical solution temperature close to the physiological temperature range of 34-37 °C. The copolymers were analysed using various characterisation techniques, such as FTIR, DSC, and UV-spectrometry. The main findings show that the inclusion of N-vinylpyrrolidone into poly-N-vinylcaprolactam increased the lower critical solution temperature above the physiological temperature. By incorporating vinylacetate, the lower critical solution temperature dropped to 21 °C, allowing for potential self-assembly of 4D-printed objects at room temperature. In this case, altering the lower critical solution temperature of the material can potentially permit the transformation of the 4D-printed object at a particular temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Halligan
- Polymer, Recycling, Industrial, Sustainability and Manufacturing (PRISM) Center, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, Athlone, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Shuo Zhuo
- Polymer, Recycling, Industrial, Sustainability and Manufacturing (PRISM) Center, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, Athlone, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Declan Mary Colbert
- Polymer, Recycling, Industrial, Sustainability and Manufacturing (PRISM) Center, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, Athlone, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Mohamad Alsaadi
- Polymer, Recycling, Industrial, Sustainability and Manufacturing (PRISM) Center, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, Athlone, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland
- CONFIRM Centre for Smart Manufacturing, University of Limerick, V94 C928 Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - Billy Shu Hieng Tie
- Polymer, Recycling, Industrial, Sustainability and Manufacturing (PRISM) Center, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, Athlone, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Gilberto S N Bezerra
- Polymer, Recycling, Industrial, Sustainability and Manufacturing (PRISM) Center, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, Athlone, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Gavin Keane
- Centre for Industrial Service & Design, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, Athlone, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Luke M Geever
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Material Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, Athlone, N37 HD68 Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Unger K, Anzengruber M, Coclite AM. Measurements of Temperature and Humidity Responsive Swelling of Thin Hydrogel Films by Interferometry in an Environmental Chamber. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14193987. [PMID: 36235931 PMCID: PMC9573520 DOI: 10.3390/polym14193987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin film thermo-responsive hydrogels have become a huge interest in applications such as smart drug-delivery systems or sensor/actuator technology. So far, mostly, the response of such hydrogels has been measured only by varying the temperature in a liquid environment, but studies of the response towards humidity and temperature are rare because of experimental limitations. Often the swelling measurements are performed on samples placed on a stage that can be heated/cooled, while vapors enter the permeation chamber at their own temperature. This thermal difference leads to some uncertainties on the exact relative humidity to which the sample is exposed to. In this study, we explored the possibility of performing swelling measurements under thermal equilibrium by placing the sample and an interferometer, as a detector, in an environmental chamber and therefore exposing the smart hydrogel to adjustable temperatures and relative humidity conditions while measuring the hydrogel’s thin film thickness changes. As a case study, we used thin films of the thermo-responsive hydrogel, poly N-vinylcaprolactam deposited by initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). Similar thin films were previously characterized by in situ ellipsometry while the sample was heated on a stage and exposed to humid air produced at room temperature. The comparison between the two measurement methods showed that while measurements in the presence of thermal gradients are limited mostly to low humidity, measurements in thermal equilibrium are restricted only by the operation limits of the used environmental chamber.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhuo S, Halligan E, Tie BSH, Breheny C, Geever LM. Lower Critical Solution Temperature Tuning and Swelling Behaviours of NVCL-Based Hydrogels for Potential 4D Printing Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153155. [PMID: 35956668 PMCID: PMC9370960 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The phase transitions of poly (N-vinyl caprolactam) (PNVCL) hydrogels are currently under investigation as possible materials for biomedical applications thanks to their thermosensitive properties. This study aims to use the photopolymerisation process to simulate the 4D printing process. NVCL-based polymers with different thermal properties and swellability were prepared to explore the possibility of synthetic hydrogels being used for 4D printing. In this contribution, the thermal behaviours of novel photopolymerised NVCL-based hydrogels were analysed. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the physically crosslinked gels was detected using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, and cloud point measurement. The chemical structure of the xerogels was characterised by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Pulsatile swelling studies indicated that the hydrogels had thermo-reversible properties. As a result, the effect of varying the macromolecular monomer concentration was apparent. The phase transition temperature is increased when different concentrations of hydrophilic monomers are incorporated. The transition temperature of the hydrogels may allow for excellent flexibility in tailoring transition for specific applications, while the swelling and deswelling behaviour of the gels is strongly temperature- and monomer feed ratio-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhuo
- Material Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, N37 HD68 Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland; (E.H.); (B.S.H.T.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (L.M.G.)
| | - Elaine Halligan
- Material Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, N37 HD68 Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland; (E.H.); (B.S.H.T.); (C.B.)
| | - Billy Shu Hieng Tie
- Material Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, N37 HD68 Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland; (E.H.); (B.S.H.T.); (C.B.)
| | - Colette Breheny
- Material Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, N37 HD68 Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland; (E.H.); (B.S.H.T.); (C.B.)
| | - Luke M. Geever
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Material Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, Midlands Midwest, Dublin Road, N37 HD68 Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (L.M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Preparation of thermo-responsive polymer encapsulated exosomes and its role as a therapeutic agent for blood clot lysis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 216:112580. [PMID: 35653957 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tissue plasminogen activators induce enzymatic activation of plasminogen to plasmin that cleaves fibrin strands in blood clots. In the present study, extracellular vesicles such as exosomes from fibrosarcoma cell line HT1080 were utilized as clot-busting agents. These exosomes were being used for clot lysis of whole blood which showed 28% lysis within 10 h, which was comparable to that of the streptokinase (commercial plasmin activator) with no significant difference. These exosomes were able to facilitate the migration of endothelial cells in a scratch wound assay where normalized wound area remaining was 7.5% at 18 h. Also, exosomes aided in attenuation of oxidative stress generated on the cells, thereby maintaining cell viability. These exosomes were further encapsulated in a thermo-responsive polymer for better localized delivery that showed no cytotoxic effects, and sustained delivery was achieved up to a concentration of 117 µg/mL in 25 days, which corresponds to around 65% of the total amount of exosomes added. When a combination of exosomes and thermo-responsive polymer was utilized, the clot lysis activity reached to around 22% in 72 h. Thus, it proves the potential of this combinatorial approach which can be effectively used for thrombus degradation and healing of endothelium lining in damaged blood vessels.
Collapse
|
6
|
NVCL-Based Hydrogels and Composites for Biomedical Applications: Progress in the Last Ten Years. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094722. [PMID: 35563114 PMCID: PMC9103572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels consist of three-dimensionally crosslinked polymeric chains, are hydrophilic, have the ability to absorb other molecules in their structure and are relatively easy to obtain. However, in order to improve some of their properties, usually mechanical, or to provide them with some physical, chemical or biological characteristics, hydrogels have been synthesized combined with other synthetic or natural polymers, filled with inorganic nanoparticles, metals, and even polymeric nanoparticles, giving rise to composite hydrogels. In general, different types of hydrogels have been synthesized; however, in this review, we refer to those obtained from the thermosensitive polymer poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) and we focus on the definition, properties, synthesis techniques, nanomaterials used as fillers in composites and mainly applications of PNVCL-based hydrogels in the biomedical area. This type of material has great potential in biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, as antimicrobials and in diagnostic and bioimaging.
Collapse
|
7
|
Vinx N, Damman P, Leclère P, Bresson B, Fretigny C, Poleunis C, Delcorte A, Cossement D, Snyders R, Thiry D. Investigating the relationship between the mechanical properties of plasma polymer-like thin films and their glass transition temperature. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:10032-10041. [PMID: 34705005 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01134k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work aims at understanding the influence of the substrate temperature (Ts) on the viscoelastic properties of propanethiol plasma polymer films (PPFs). By means of state-of-the-art AFM characterization-based techniques including peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM), nano dynamic mechanical analysis (nDMA) and "scratch" experiments, it has been demonstrated that the mechanical behaviour of PPFs is dramatically affected by the thermal conditions of the substrate. Indeed, the material behaves from a high viscous liquid (i.e. viscosity ∼ 106 Pa s) to a viscoelastic solid (loss modulus ∼ 1.17 GPa, storage modulus ∼ 1.61 GPa) and finally to an elastic solid (loss modulus ∼ 1.95 GPa, storage modulus ∼ 8.51 GPa) when increasing Ts from 10 to 45 °C. This behaviour is ascribed to an increase in the surface glass transition temperature of the polymeric network. The latter has been correlated with the chemical composition through the presence of unbound molecules acting as plasticizers and the cross-linking density of the layers. In a second step, this knowledge is exploited for the fabrication of a nanopattern by generating surface instabilities in the propanethiol PPF/Al bilayer system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Vinx
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), CIRMAP, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Pascal Damman
- Interface et Fluides Complexes (Influx), CIRMAP, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Philippe Leclère
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials (CMN), CIRMAP, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Bruno Bresson
- Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle (SIMM), ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Christian Fretigny
- Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle (SIMM), ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Claude Poleunis
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Place Louis Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Delcorte
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Place Louis Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Damien Cossement
- Materia Nova Research Center, Parc Initialis, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Rony Snyders
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), CIRMAP, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
- Materia Nova Research Center, Parc Initialis, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Damien Thiry
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), CIRMAP, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mohammad Gholiha H, Ehsani M, Saeidi A, Ghadami A, Alizadeh N. Magnetic dual-responsive semi-IPN nanogels based on chitosan/PNVCL and study on BSA release behavior. Prog Biomater 2021; 10:173-183. [PMID: 34370266 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-021-00161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic thermoresponsive nanogels present a promising new approach for targeted drug delivery. In the present study, bovine serum albumin (BSA) loaded thermo-responsive magnetic semi-IPN nanogels (MTRSI-NGs) were developed. At first poly(N-vinyl caprolactam) (PNVCL) was synthesized by free radical polymerization and then MTRSI-NGs were prepared by crosslinking chitosan in presence of chitosan and Fe3O4. The formation of MTRSI-NGs has been confirmed by FTIR, and the average molecular weight of PNVCL was determined by GPC analysis. Rheological and turbidimetry analysis were used to determine lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNVCL and magnetic thermo-responsive nanogels (MTRSI-NGs) around 32 and 37 °C, respectively. FE-SEM analysis showed particle size at less than 20 nm in the dried state. Dynamic light scattering determined particle size at about 30 nm in a swelling state. The analysis of release behavior showed that the BSA release ratio at 40 °C was faster than 25 °C. The pH release behavior was evaluated at pH 5.5 and 7.4 and showed that the drug release rate at pH 5.5 was more rapid than pH 7.4. The results show MTRSI-NGs are applicable to protein targeted delivery by thermosensitive targeted drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mohammad Gholiha
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Ehsani
- Department of polymer processing, Iran polymer and petrochemical institute (IPPI), Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ardeshir Saeidi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Ghadami
- Department of Chemical and Polymer Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Alizadeh
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Scaffold-free cell-based tissue engineering therapies: advances, shortfalls and forecast. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:18. [PMID: 33782415 PMCID: PMC8007731 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based scaffold-free therapies seek to develop in vitro organotypic three-dimensional (3D) tissue-like surrogates, capitalising upon the inherent capacity of cells to create tissues with efficiency and sophistication that is still unparalleled by human-made devices. Although automation systems have been realised and (some) success stories have been witnessed over the years in clinical and commercial arenas, in vitro organogenesis is far from becoming a standard way of care. This limited technology transfer is largely attributed to scalability-associated costs, considering that the development of a borderline 3D implantable device requires very high number of functional cells and prolonged ex vivo culture periods. Herein, we critically discuss advancements and shortfalls of scaffold-free cell-based tissue engineering strategies, along with pioneering concepts that have the potential to transform regenerative and reparative medicine.
Collapse
|
10
|
Gautam B, Yu HH. Self-Cleaning Cotton Obtained after Grafting Thermoresponsive Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) through Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2920. [PMID: 33291497 PMCID: PMC7762131 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the performance of smart textiles would be enhanced if they could display self-cleaning ability toward various kinds of contamination, the procedures that have been used previously to impart the self-cleaning potential to these functional fabrics (solvent casting, dip coating, spin coating, surface crosslinking) have typically been expensive and/or limited by uncontrollable polymer thicknesses and morphologies. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of atomic transfer radical polymerization for the surface-initiated grafting of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), a thermoresponsive polymer, onto cotton. We confirmed the thermoresponsiveness and reusability of the resulting fabric through water contact angle measurements and various surface characterization techniques (scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). Finally, we validated the self-cleaning performance of the fabric by washing away an immobilized fluorescent protein in deionized water under thermal stimulus. Fluorescence micrographs revealed that, after the fifth wash cycle, the fabric surface had undergone efficient self-cleaning of the stain, making it an effective self-cleaning material. This approach appears to have potential for application in the fields of smart textiles, responsive substrates, and functional fabrics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskarchand Gautam
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hogan KJ, Mikos AG. Biodegradable thermoresponsive polymers: Applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
12
|
Mokhtarinia K, Masaeli E. Transiently thermally responsive surfaces: Concepts for cell sheet engineering. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
13
|
Halligan S, Murray K, Hopkins M, Rogers I, Lyons J, Vrain O, Geever L. Enhancing and controlling the critical attributes of poly (
N
‐vinylcaprolactam) through electron beam irradiation for biomedical applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shane Halligan
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | | | - Michael Hopkins
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | - Ian Rogers
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | - John Lyons
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | | | - Luke Geever
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Baek J, Cho Y, Park HJ, Choi G, Lee JS, Lee M, Yu SJ, Cho SW, Lee E, Im SG. A Surface-Tailoring Method for Rapid Non-Thermosensitive Cell-Sheet Engineering via Functional Polymer Coatings. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1907225. [PMID: 32157771 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell sheet engineering, a technique utilizing a monolayer cell sheet, has recently emerged as a promising technology for scaffold-free tissue engineering. In contrast to conventional tissue-engineering approaches, the cell sheet technology allows cell harvest as a continuous cell sheet with intact extracellular matrix proteins and cell-cell junction, which facilitates cell transplantation without any other artificial biomaterials. A facile, non-thermoresponsive method is demonstrated for a rapid but highly reliable platform for cell-sheet engineering. The developed method exploits the precise modulation of cell-substrate interactions by controlling the surface energy of the substrate via a series of functional polymer coatings to enable prompt cell sheet harvesting within 100 s. The engineered surface can trigger an intrinsic cellular response upon the depletion of divalent cations, leading to spontaneous cell sheet detachment under physiological conditions (pH 7.4 and 37 °C) in a non-thermoresponsive manner. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of the cell sheet is successfully demonstrated by the transplantation of multilayered cell sheets into mouse models of diabetic wounds and ischemia. These findings highlight the ability of the developed surface for non-thermoresponsive cell sheet engineering to serve as a robust platform for regenerative medicine and provide significant breakthroughs in cell sheet technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieung Baek
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghak Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Goro Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seung Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jung Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03772, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei-IBS Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Muralter F, Greco F, Coclite AM. Applicability of Vapor-Deposited Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Thin Films in Ultrafast Humidity Sensors/Actuators. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2020; 2:1160-1168. [PMID: 32201862 PMCID: PMC7076731 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.9b00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers reversibly react to changes in temperature and water content of their environment (i.e., relative humidity, RH). In the present contribution, the thermoresponsiveness of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) thin films cross-linked by di(ethylene glycol) divinyl ether deposited by initiated chemical vapor deposition are investigated to assess their applicability to sensor and actuator setups. A lower critical solution temperature (LCST) is observed at around 16 °C in aqueous environment, associated with a dramatic change in film thickness (e.g., 200% increase at low temperatures) and refractive index, while only thermal expansion of the polymeric system is found, when ramping the temperature in dry atmosphere. In humid environment, we observed a significant response occurring in low RH (already below 5% RH), with the moisture swelling the thin film (up to 4%), but mainly replacing air in the polymeric structure up to ∼40% RH. Non-temperature-dependent swelling is observed up to 80% RH. Above that, thermoresponsive behavior is also demonstrated to be present in humid environment for the first time, whereas toward 100% RH, film thickness and index appear to approach the values obtained in water at the respective temperatures. The response times are similar in a large range of RH and are faster than the ones of the reference humidity sensor used (i.e., seconds). A sensor/actuator hygromorphic device was built by coating a thin flower-shaped poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrate with the thermoresponsive polymer. The large swelling due to water uptake upon exposure to humid environment at temperatures below the LCST caused the petals to bend, mimicking the capability of plants to respond to environmental stimuli via reversible mechanical motion.
Collapse
|
16
|
Long X, Yi Y, Wang X, Duan X, Sun Y, Wu C, Weng W, Xu B, Cheng K, Wang H, Lin J. Gr/TiO2 Films with Light-Controlled Positive/Negative Charge for Cell Harvesting Application. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2020-2028. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yang Yi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaozhao Wang
- Zhejiang University−University of Edinburgh Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 314400, China
| | - Xiyue Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chengwei Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wenjian Weng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Boyong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kui Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Doberenz F, Zeng K, Willems C, Zhang K, Groth T. Thermoresponsive polymers and their biomedical application in tissue engineering - a review. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:607-628. [PMID: 31939978 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02052g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers hold great potential in the biomedical field, since they enable the fabrication of cell sheets, in situ drug delivery and 3D-printing under physiological conditions. In this review we provide an overview of several thermoresponsive polymers and their application, with focus on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-surfaces for cell sheet engineering. Basic knowledge of important processes like protein adsorption on surfaces and cell adhesion is provided. For different thermoresponsive polymers, namely PNIPAm, Pluronics, elastin-like polypeptides (ELP) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), synthesis and basic chemical and physical properties have been described and the mechanism of their thermoresponsive behavior highlighted. Fabrication methods of thermoresponsive surfaces have been discussed, focusing on PNIPAm, and describing several methods in detail. The latter part of this review is dedicated to the application of the thermoresponsive polymers and with regard to cell sheet engineering, the process of temperature-dependent cell sheet detachment is explained. We provide insight into several applications of PNIPAm surfaces in cell sheet engineering. For Pluronics, ELP and PNVCL we show their application in the field of drug delivery and tissue engineering. We conclude, that research of thermoresponsive polymers has made big progress in recent years, especially for PNIPAm since the 1990s. However, manifold research possibilities, e.g. in surface fabrication and 3D-printing and further translational applications are conceivable in near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Falko Doberenz
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Kui Zeng
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Willems
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center of Material Science, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany and Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 1, 19991, Trubetskaya st. 8, Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee D, Kim H, Jeon M, Chang YK, Im SG. Surface-Modified Filter-Based Continuous Recovery of Microalgal Lipid-in-Solvent with High Recovery Efficiency, Long-Term Stability, and Cost Competitiveness. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 3:263-272. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donghyo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hogi Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyu Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Keun Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center, KAIST, #2502 Building W1-3, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Niu S, Williams GR, Wu J, Wu J, Zhang X, Chen X, Li S, Jiao J, Zhu LM. A chitosan-based cascade-responsive drug delivery system for triple-negative breast cancer therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:95. [PMID: 31506085 PMCID: PMC6737697 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0529-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is extremely difficult to develop targeted treatments for triple-negative breast (TNB) cancer, because these cells do not express any of the key biomarkers usually exploited for this goal. RESULTS In this work, we develop a solution in the form of a cascade responsive nanoplatform based on thermo-sensitive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL)-chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs). These are further modified with the cell penetrating peptide (CPP) and loaded with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX). The base copolymer was optimized to undergo a phase change at the elevated temperatures of the tumor microenvironment. The acid-responsive properties of CS provide a second trigger for drug release, and the inclusion of CPP should ensure the formulations accumulate in cancerous tissue. The resultant CPP-CS-co-PNVCL NPs could self-assemble in aqueous media into spherical NPs of size < 200 nm and with low polydispersity. They are able to accommodate a high DOX loading (14.8% w/w). The NPs are found to be selectively taken up by cancerous cells both in vitro and in vivo, and result in less off-target cytotoxicity than treatment with DOX alone. In vivo experiments employing a TNB xenograft mouse model demonstrated a significant reduction in tumor volume and prolonging of life span, with no obvious systemic toxicity. CONCLUSIONS The system developed in this work has the potential to provide new therapies for hard-to-treat cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Niu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Gareth R Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Jianrong Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzi Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejing Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Shude Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Jiao
- Technology Transfer Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Li-Min Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Muralter F, Perrotta A, Werzer O, Coclite AM. Interlink between Tunable Material Properties and Thermoresponsiveness of Cross-Linked Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) Thin Films Deposited by Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition. Macromolecules 2019; 52:6817-6824. [PMID: 31579141 PMCID: PMC6764023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In
this contribution, we report on the thin-film synthesis of a
novel thermoresponsive polymer, namely, poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)
cross-linked by di(ethylene glycol)divinyl ether [p(NVCL-co-DEGDVE)] by initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). Its transition
between swollen and shrunken states in film thickness and the corresponding
lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was investigated by spectroscopic
ellipsometry in water. Water contact angle measurements and nano-indentation
experiments reveal that the transition is accompanied by a change
in wettability and elastic modulus. The amount of cross-linking was
used to tune the thermoresponsive behavior of the thin films, resulting
in higher swelling and LCST, increased surface rearrangement, and
lower stiffness for less cross-linked polymers. For the first time,
the filament temperature during iCVD synthesis was used to vary the
chain length of the resulting polymeric systems and, thus, the position
of their thermoresponsive transition. With that, swelling of up to
250% compared to the dry thickness and transition temperatures ranging
from 16 to 40 °C could be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Muralter
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alberto Perrotta
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver Werzer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Maria Coclite
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Loyer F, Combrisson A, Omer K, Moreno-Couranjou M, Choquet P, Boscher ND. Thermoresponsive Water-Soluble Polymer Layers and Water-Stable Copolymer Layers Synthesized by Atmospheric Plasma Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1335-1343. [PMID: 30525382 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The growth of thermoresponsive layers with the atmospheric pressure plasma-initiated chemical vapor deposition (AP-PiCVD) process is reported for the first time. N-vinyl caprolactam (NVCL) was successfully homopolymerized and copolymerized with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), yielding water-soluble and water-stable thermoresponsive thin films, respectively. Strong chemical retention and high thermoresponsivity were achieved, highlighting the ability of AP-PiCVD to grow functional conventional homopolymers and copolymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Loyer
- Materials Research and Technology , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology , 41. rue du Brill , Belvaux , L-4422 Luxembourg
| | - Antoine Combrisson
- Materials Research and Technology , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology , 41. rue du Brill , Belvaux , L-4422 Luxembourg
| | - Korantin Omer
- Materials Research and Technology , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology , 41. rue du Brill , Belvaux , L-4422 Luxembourg
| | - Maryline Moreno-Couranjou
- Materials Research and Technology , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology , 41. rue du Brill , Belvaux , L-4422 Luxembourg
| | - Patrick Choquet
- Materials Research and Technology , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology , 41. rue du Brill , Belvaux , L-4422 Luxembourg
| | - Nicolas D Boscher
- Materials Research and Technology , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology , 41. rue du Brill , Belvaux , L-4422 Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Sivakumaran D, Bakaic E, Campbell SB, Xu F, Mueller E, Hoare T. Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29708523 PMCID: PMC5933509 DOI: 10.3791/54502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
While various smart materials have been explored for a variety of biomedical applications (e.g., drug delivery, tissue engineering, bioimaging, etc.), their ultimate clinical use has been hampered by the lack of biologically-relevant degradation observed for most smart materials. This is particularly true for temperature-responsive hydrogels, which are almost uniformly based on polymers that are functionally non-degradable (e.g., poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) or poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) (POEGMA)). As such, to effectively translate the potential of thermoresponsive hydrogels to the challenges of remote-controlled or metabolism-regulated drug delivery, cell scaffolds with tunable cell-material interactions, theranostic materials with the potential for both imaging and drug delivery, and other such applications, a method is required to render the hydrogels (if not fully degradable) at least capable of renal clearance following the required lifetime of the material. To that end, this protocol describes the preparation of hydrolytically-degradable hydrazone-crosslinked hydrogels on multiple length scales based on the reaction between hydrazide and aldehyde-functionalized PNIPAM or POEGMA oligomers with molecular weights below the renal filtration limit. Specifically, methods to fabricate degradable thermoresponsive bulk hydrogels (using a double barrel syringe technique), hydrogel particles (on both the microscale through the use of a microfluidics platform facilitating simultaneous mixing and emulsification of the precursor polymers and the nanoscale through the use of a thermally-driven self-assembly and cross-linking method), and hydrogel nanofibers (using a reactive electrospinning strategy) are described. In each case, hydrogels with temperature-responsive properties similar to those achieved via conventional free radical cross-linking processes can be achieved, but the hydrazone cross-linked network can be degraded over time to re-form the oligomeric precursor polymers and enable clearance. As such, we anticipate these methods (which may be generically applied to any synthetic water-soluble polymer, not just smart materials) will enable easier translation of synthetic smart materials to clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilia Bakaic
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University
| | | | - Fei Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University
| | - Eva Mueller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Titanium implant functionalized with antimiR-138 delivered cell sheet for enhanced peri-implant bone formation and vascularization. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 89:52-64. [PMID: 29752119 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Patients with compromised bone conditions still suffer the problem of deficient osseointegration during dental implant treatment. Developing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sheet functionalized titanium implant with proper inductive cue to promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis coupling shall be a good solution. In the present study, the antimiR-138 delivered MSC sheet is used to functionalize the Ti implant. The cell sheet can well integrate with the Ti implant to form the MSC sheet-implant complex (MSIC). The antimiR-138 delivered MSIC shows greatly improved osteogenesis and angiogenesis coupling both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the antimiR-138 delivered MSIC significantly promotes the expression of endogenous osteogenesis and angiogenesis related genes and proteins, alkaline phosphatase activity, extracellular matrix mineralization and collagen secretion compared to the antimiR-control and the nothing delivered control. The in vivo ectopic implantation assay uncovers the robust vascularized bone formation of the antimiR-138 delivered MSIC. The antimiR-138 delivered MSIC with promoted osteogenesis and angiogenesis coupling is anticipated to lead to rigid osseointegration in the compromised bone conditions.
Collapse
|
25
|
Heinen S, Cuéllar-Camacho JL, Weinhart M. Thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes on gold: Surface engineering parameters and their implication for cell sheet fabrication. Acta Biomater 2017. [PMID: 28647625 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymer coatings, optimized for cell adhesion and thermally-triggered cell detachment, allow the fabrication of confluent cell sheets with intact extracellular matrix. However, rational design guidelines for such coatings are rare, since temperature-triggered cell adhesion and detachment from thermoresponsive surfaces are mechanistically not well understood. Herein, we investigated the impact of molecular weight (2, 9, 24kDa), grafting density (0.04-1.4 chains nm-2), morphology, and roughness of well-characterized thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes on the cell response at 37 and 20°C. NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts served as a model cell line for adhesion, proliferation, and cell sheet detachment. The cell response was correlated with serum protein adsorption from cell culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Intact cell sheets could be harvested from all the studied poly(glycidyl ether) coated surfaces, irrespective of the molecular weight, provided that the morphology of the coating was homogenous and the surface was fully shielded by the hydrated brush. The degree of chain overlap was estimated by the ratio of twice the polymer's Flory radius in a theta solvent to its interchain distance, which should be located in the strongly overlapping brush regime (2 Rf/l>1.4). In contrast, dense PNIPAM (2.5kDa) control monolayers did not induce protein adsorption from cell culture medium at 37°C and, as a result, did not allow a significant cell adhesion. These structural design parameters of functional poly(glycidyl ether) coatings on gold will contribute to future engineering of these thermoresponsive coatings on more common, cell culture relevant substrates. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cell sheet engineering as a scaffold-free approach towards tissue engineering resembles a milestone in regenerative medicine. The fabrication of confluent cell sheets maintains the extracellular matrix of cells which serves as the physiological cell scaffold. Thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether)s are highly cell-compatible and brushes thereof promote cell adhesion and growth without modification with additional cell adhesive ligands. Thus, a direct correlation of temperature-dependent serum protein adsorption and cell response with surface design parameters such as grafting density and molecular weight became accessible. Hence, surface engineering parameters of well-defined poly(glycidyl ether) monolayers for reproducible cell sheet fabrication have been identified. These design guidelines may also prove beneficial in the development of other brush-like thermoresponsive coatings for cell sheet engineering.
Collapse
|
26
|
Sala RL, Kwon MY, Kim M, Gullbrand SE, Henning EA, Mauck RL, Camargo ER, Burdick JA. * Thermosensitive Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) Injectable Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:935-945. [PMID: 28384053 PMCID: PMC5610396 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels have gained prominence in the field of tissue engineering for minimally invasive delivery of cells for tissue repair and in the filling of irregular defects. However, many injectable hydrogels exhibit long gelation times or are not stable for long periods after injection. To address these concerns, we used thermosensitive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) hydrogels due to their cytocompatibility and fast response to temperature stimuli. Changes in the PNVCL molecular weight and concentration enabled the development of hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties and fast gelation times (<60 s when the temperature was raised from room temperature to physiologic temperature). Chondrocytes (CHs) and mesenchymal stem cells were encapsulated in PNVCL hydrogels and exhibited high viability (∼90%), as monitored by Live/Dead staining and Alamar Blue assays. Three-dimensional constructs of CH-laden PNVCL hydrogels supported cartilage-specific extracellular matrix production both in vitro and after subcutaneous injection in nude rats for up to 8 weeks. Moreover, biochemical analyses of constructs demonstrated a time-dependent increase in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen, which were significantly augmented in the implants cultured in vivo. Histological analyses also demonstrated regular distribution of synthesized cartilage components, including abundant GAGs and type II collagen. The findings from this study demonstrate thermosensitive PNVCL as a candidate injectable biomaterial to deliver cells for cartilage tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata L. Sala
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Ceramics, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mi Y. Kwon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Minwook Kim
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, CMC VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah E. Gullbrand
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, CMC VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth A. Henning
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, CMC VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert L. Mauck
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, CMC VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emerson R. Camargo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Ceramics, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen N, Kim DH, Kovacik P, Sojoudi H, Wang M, Gleason KK. Polymer Thin Films and Surface Modification by Chemical Vapor Deposition: Recent Progress. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2017; 7:373-93. [PMID: 27276550 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-080615-033524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) polymerization uses vapor phase monomeric reactants to synthesize organic thin films directly on substrates. These thin films are desirable as conformal surface engineering materials and functional layers. The facile tunability of the films and their surface properties allow successful integration of CVD thin films into prototypes for applications in surface modification, device fabrication, and protective films. CVD polymers also bridge microfabrication technology with chemical and biological systems. Robust coatings can be achieved via CVD methods as antifouling, anti-icing, and antihydrate surfaces, as well as stimuli-responsive or biocompatible polymers and novel nanostructures. Use of low-energy input, modest vacuum, and room-temperature substrates renders CVD polymerization compatible with thermally sensitive substrates and devices. Compared with solution-based methods, CVD is particularly useful for insoluble materials, such as electrically conductive polymers and controllably crosslinked networks, and has the potential to reduce environmental, health, and safety impacts associated with solvents. This review discusses the relevant background and selected applications of recent advances by two methods that display and use the high retention of the organic functional groups from their respective monomers, initiated CVD (iCVD) and oxidative CVD (oCVD) polymerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139;
| | - Do Han Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139;
| | - Peter Kovacik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139;
| | - Hossein Sojoudi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139;
| | - Karen K Gleason
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Halligan SC, Dalton MB, Murray KA, Dong Y, Wang W, Lyons JG, Geever LM. Synthesis, characterisation and phase transition behaviour of temperature-responsive physically crosslinked poly (N-vinylcaprolactam) based polymers for biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [PMID: 28628999 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) is a polymer which offers superior characteristics for various potential medical device applications. In particular it offers unique thermoresponsive capabilities, which fulfils the material technology constraints required in targeted drug delivery applications. PNVCL phase transitions can be tailored in order to suit the requirements of current and next generation devices, by modifying the contents with regard to the material composition and aqueous polymer concentration. In this study, physically crosslinked Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam)-Vinyl acetate (PNVCL-VAc) copolymers were prepared by photopolymerisation. The structure of the polymers was established by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography. The polymers were further characterised using differential scanning calorimetry and swelling studies. Determination of the LCST of the polymers in aqueous solution was achieved by employing four techniques; cloud point, UV-spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry and rheometry. Sol-gel transition was established using tube inversion method and rheological analysis. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of PNVCL with the addition of VAc, and to establish the effects on the phase transition. The PNVCL based polymers exhibited a decrease in the LCST as the composition of VAc increased. Sol-gel transition could be controlled by altering the monomeric feed ratio and polymer concentration in aqueous milieu. Importantly all copolymers (10wt% in solution) underwent gelation between 33.6 and 35.9°C, and based on this and the other materials properties recorded in this study, these novel copolymers have potential for use as injectable in situ forming drug delivery systems for targeted drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shane C Halligan
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Maurice B Dalton
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Kieran A Murray
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Yixiao Dong
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, 257 Campus Drive, GK-210, Stanford, CA 94305-5148, USA
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - John G Lyons
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Luke M Geever
- Applied Polymer Technologies Gateway, Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Heinen S, Weinhart M. Poly(glycidyl ether)-Based Monolayers on Gold Surfaces: Control of Grafting Density and Chain Conformation by Grafting Procedure, Surface Anchor, and Molecular Weight. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:2076-2086. [PMID: 28191961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For a meaningful correlation of surface coatings with their respective biological response reproducible coating procedures, well-defined surface coatings, and thorough surface characterization with respect to layer thickness and grafting density are indispensable. The same applies to polymeric monolayer coatings which are intended to be used for, e.g., fundamental studies on the volume phase transition of surface end-tethered thermoresponsive polymer chains. Planar gold surfaces are frequently used as model substrates, since they allow a variety of straightforward surface characterization methods. Herein we present reproducible grafting-to procedures performed with thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) copolymers composed of glycidyl methyl ether (GME) and ethyl glycidyl ether (EGE). The copolymers feature different molecular weights (2 kDa, 9 kDa, 24 kDa) and are equipped with varying sulfur-containing anchor groups in order to achieve adjustable grafting densities on gold surfaces and hence control the tethered polymers' chain conformation. We determined "wet" and "dry" thicknesses of these coatings by QCM-D and ellipsometry measurements and deduced anchor distances and degrees of chain overlap of the polymer chains assembled on gold. Grafting under cloud point conditions allowed for higher degrees of chain overlap compared to grafting from a good solvent like ethanol, independent of the used sulfur-containing anchor group for polymers with low (2 kDa) and medium (9 kDa) molecular weights. By contrast, the achieved grafting densities and thus chain overlaps of surface-tethered polymers with high (24 kDa) molecular weights were identical for both grafting methods. Monolayers prepared from an ethanolic solution of poly(glycidyl ether)s equipped with sterically demanding disulfide-containing anchors revealed the lowest degrees of chain overlap. The ratio of the radius of gyration to the anchor distance (2 Rg/l) of the latter coating was found to be lower than 1.4, indicating that the assembly was rather in the mushroom-like than in the brush regime. Polymer chains with thiol-containing anchors of different alkyl chain lengths (C11SH vs C4SH) formed assemblies with comparable degrees of chain overlap with 2 Rg/l values above 1.4 and are thus in the brush regime. Molecular weights influenced the achievable degree of chain overlap on the surface. Coatings prepared with the medium molecular weight polymer (9 kDa) resulted in the highest chain packing density. Control of grafting density and thus chain overlap in different regimes (brush vs mushroom) on planar gold substrates are attainable for monolayer coatings with poly(GME-ran-EGE) by adjusting the polymer's molecular weight and anchor group as well as the conditions for the grafting-to procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Heinen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin , Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin , Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Durkut S, Elçin YM. Synthesis and characterization of thermosensitive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-g-collagen. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 45:1665-1674. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1276925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serap Durkut
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Murat Elçin
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Van Nieuwenhove I, Maji S, Dash M, Van Vlierberghe S, Hoogenboom R, Dubruel P. RAFT/MADIX polymerization of N-vinylcaprolactam in water–ethanol solvent mixtures. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py02224c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The present paper demonstrates the successful RAFT/MADIX polymerization of N-vinylcaprolactam at ambient temperature in water–ethanol mixtures. An optimum was found for a 1 : 1 ratio of water and ethanol as solvent regarding both polymerization rate and insignificant hydrolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ine Van Nieuwenhove
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials – Group Ghent University
- BE-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Samarendra Maji
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group – Ghent University
- BE-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Mamoni Dash
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials – Group Ghent University
- BE-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | | | | | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials – Group Ghent University
- BE-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cortez-Lemus NA, Licea-Claverie A. Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), a comprehensive review on a thermoresponsive polymer becoming popular. Prog Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
33
|
Kwak MJ, Yoo Y, Lee HS, Kim J, Yang JW, Han JI, Im SG, Kwon JH. A Simple, Cost-Efficient Method to Separate Microalgal Lipids from Wet Biomass Using Surface Energy-Modified Membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:600-608. [PMID: 26652192 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
For the efficient separation of lipid extracted from microalgae cells, a novel membrane was devised by introducing a functional polymer coating onto a membrane surface by means of an initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) process. To this end, a steel-use-stainless (SUS) membrane was modified in a way that its surface energy was systemically modified. The surface modification by conformal coating of functional polymer film allowed for selective separation of oil-water mixture, by harnessing the tuned interfacial energy between each liquid phase and the membrane surface. The surface-modified membrane, when used with chloroform-based solvent, exhibited superb permeate flux, breakthrough pressure, and also separation yield: it allowed separation of 95.5 ± 1.2% of converted lipid (FAME) in the chloroform phase from the water/MeOH phase with microalgal debris. This result clearly supported that the membrane-based lipid separation is indeed facilitated by way of membrane being functionalized, enabling us to simplify the whole downstream process of microalgae-derived biodiesel production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jong-Hee Kwon
- Department of Food Science & Technology and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju, Republic of Korea 660-701
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Becherer T, Heinen S, Wei Q, Haag R, Weinhart M. In-depth analysis of switchable glycerol based polymeric coatings for cell sheet engineering. Acta Biomater 2015; 25:43-55. [PMID: 26143602 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Scaffold-free cell sheet engineering using thermoresponsive substrates provides a promising alternative to conventional tissue engineering which in general employs biodegradable scaffold materials. We have previously developed a thermoresponsive coating with glycerol based linear copolymers that enables gentle harvesting of entire cell sheets. In this article we present an in-depth analysis of these thermoresponsive linear polyglycidyl ethers and their performance as coating for substrates in cell culture in comparison with commercially available poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) coated culture dishes. A series of copolymers of glycidyl methyl ether (GME) and glycidyl ethyl ether (EGE) was prepared in order to study their thermoresponsive properties in solution and on the surface with respect to the comonomer ratio. In both cases, when grafted to planar surfaces or spherical nanoparticles, the applied thermoresponsive polyglycerol coatings render the respective surfaces switchable. Protein adsorption experiments on copolymer coated planar surfaces with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy reveal the ability of the tested thermoresponsive coatings to be switched between highly protein resistant and adsorptive states. Cell culture experiments demonstrate that these thermoresponsive coatings allow for adhesion and proliferation of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts comparable to TCPS and faster than on PNIPAM substrates. Temperature triggered detachment of complete cell sheets from copolymer coated substrates was accomplished within minutes while maintaining high viability of the harvested cells. Thus such glycerol based copolymers present a promising alternative to PNIPAM as a thermoresponsive coating of cell culture substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Becherer
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Silke Heinen
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Qiang Wei
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Rainer Haag
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Moon H, Seong H, Shin WC, Park WT, Kim M, Lee S, Bong JH, Noh YY, Cho BJ, Yoo S, Im SG. Synthesis of ultrathin polymer insulating layers by initiated chemical vapour deposition for low-power soft electronics. NATURE MATERIALS 2015; 14:628-35. [PMID: 25751074 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Insulating layers based on oxides and nitrides provide high capacitance, low leakage, high breakdown field and resistance to electrical stresses when used in electronic devices based on rigid substrates. However, their typically high process temperatures and brittleness make it difficult to achieve similar performance in flexible or organic electronics. Here, we show that poly(1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-trivinyl cyclotrisiloxane) (pV3D3) prepared via a one-step, solvent-free technique called initiated chemical vapour deposition (iCVD) is a versatile polymeric insulating layer that meets a wide range of requirements for next-generation electronic devices. Highly uniform and pure ultrathin films of pV3D3 with excellent insulating properties, a large energy gap (>8 eV), tunnelling-limited leakage characteristics and resistance to a tensile strain of up to 4% are demonstrated. The low process temperature, surface-growth character, and solvent-free nature of the iCVD process enable pV3D3 to be grown conformally on plastic substrates to yield flexible field-effect transistors as well as on a variety of channel layers, including organics, oxides, and graphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanul Moon
- 1] Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea [2] Graphene Research Center, KI for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejeong Seong
- 1] Graphene Research Center, KI for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea [2] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Cheol Shin
- 1] Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea [2] Graphene Research Center, KI for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Tae Park
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Mincheol Kim
- 1] Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea [2] Graphene Research Center, KI for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Lee
- 1] Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea [2] Graphene Research Center, KI for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Bong
- 1] Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea [2] Graphene Research Center, KI for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Young Noh
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Jin Cho
- 1] Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea [2] Graphene Research Center, KI for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyup Yoo
- 1] Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea [2] Graphene Research Center, KI for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- 1] Graphene Research Center, KI for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea [2] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang B, Wang C, Zhang Y, Ye L, Qian Y, Shu Y, Wang J, Li J, Yao F. A thermoresponsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-sulfobetaine methacrylate) zwitterionic hydrogel exhibiting switchable anti-biofouling and cytocompatibility. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00123d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A new class of hydrogels were prepared from the combination of the non-ionic VCL with zwitterionic SBMA monomers, exhibiting anti-biofouling and cytocompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boguang Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Changyong Wang
- Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center
- Academy of Military Medical Science
- Beijing 100850
- China
| | - Yabin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Lei Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Yufeng Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
| | - Yao Shu
- Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center
- Academy of Military Medical Science
- Beijing 100850
- China
| | - Jinmei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Junjie Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies
| | - Fanglian Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Maji S, Zhang Z, Voorhaar L, Pieters S, Stubbe B, Van Vlierberghe S, Dubruel P, De Geest BG, Hoogenboom R. Thermoresponsive polymer coated gold nanoparticles: from MADIX/RAFT copolymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylcaprolactam to salt and temperature induced nanoparticle aggregation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06559c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present contribution, we report the synthesis of thermoresponsive homo and statistical copolymers of N-vinylcaprolactam and N-vinylpyrrolidone and the corresponding responsive gold nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samarendra Maji
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Zhiyue Zhang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Lenny Voorhaar
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Sophie Pieters
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Birgit Stubbe
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Bruno G. De Geest
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kim ES, Ahn EH, Dvir T, Kim DH. Emerging nanotechnology approaches in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9 Suppl 1:1-5. [PMID: 24872698 PMCID: PMC4024971 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s61212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eung-Sam Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA ; Department of Biological Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Hyun Ahn
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA ; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tal Dvir
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel ; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA ; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA ; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|