1
|
Wasyłeczko M, Wojciechowski C, Chwojnowski A. Polyethersulfone Polymer for Biomedical Applications and Biotechnology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4233. [PMID: 38673817 PMCID: PMC11049998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymers stand out as promising materials extensively employed in biomedicine and biotechnology. Their versatile applications owe much to the field of tissue engineering, which seamlessly integrates materials engineering with medical science. In medicine, biomaterials serve as prototypes for organ development and as implants or scaffolds to facilitate body regeneration. With the growing demand for innovative solutions, synthetic and hybrid polymer materials, such as polyethersulfone, are gaining traction. This article offers a concise characterization of polyethersulfone followed by an exploration of its diverse applications in medical and biotechnological realms. It concludes by summarizing the significant roles of polyethersulfone in advancing both medicine and biotechnology, as outlined in the accompanying table.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Wasyłeczko
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ksiecia Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (C.W.); (A.C.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Syed Mohamed SMD, Welsh GI, Roy I. Renal tissue engineering for regenerative medicine using polymers and hydrogels. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5706-5726. [PMID: 37401545 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00255a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a growing worldwide problem, leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Current treatments for ESRD include haemodialysis and kidney transplantation, but both are deemed inadequate since haemodialysis does not address all other kidney functions, and there is a shortage of suitable donor organs for transplantation. Research in kidney tissue engineering has been initiated to take a regenerative medicine approach as a potential treatment alternative, either to develop effective cell therapy for reconstruction or engineer a functioning bioartificial kidney. Currently, renal tissue engineering encompasses various materials, mainly polymers and hydrogels, which have been chosen to recreate the sophisticated kidney architecture. It is essential to address the chemical and mechanical aspects of the materials to ensure they can support cell development to restore functionality and feasibility. This paper reviews the types of polymers and hydrogels that have been used in kidney tissue engineering applications, both natural and synthetic, focusing on the processing and formulation used in creating bioactive substrates and how these biomaterials affect the cell biology of the kidney cells used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gavin I Welsh
- Renal Bristol, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S37HQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Namazian Jam N, Gottlöber F, Hempel M, Dzekhtsiarova Y, Behrens S, Sonntag F, Sradnick J, Hugo C, Schmieder F. Microphysiological Conditions Do Not Affect MDR1-Mediated Transport of Rhodamine 123 above an Artificial Proximal Tubule. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2045. [PMID: 37509683 PMCID: PMC10376999 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite disadvantages, such as high cost and their poor predictive value, animal experiments are still the state of the art for pharmaceutical substance testing. One reason for this problem is the inability of standard cell culture methods to emulate the physiological environment necessary to recapitulate in vivo processes. Microphysiological systems offer the opportunity to close this gap. In this study, we utilize a previously employed microphysiological system to examine the impact of pressure and flow on the transportation of substances mediated by multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) across an artificial cell-based tubular barrier. By using a miniaturized fluorescence measurement device, we could continuously track the MDR1-mediated transport of rhodamine 123 above the artificial barrier over 48 h. We proved that applying pressure and flow affects both active and passive transport of rhodamine 123. Using experimental results and curve fittings, the kinetics of MDR1-mediated transport as well as passive transport were investigated; thus, a kinetic model that explains this transport above an artificial tubular barrier was identified. This kinetic model demonstrates that the simple Michaelis-Menten model is not an appropriate model to explain the MDR1-mediated transport; instead, Hill kinetics, with Hill slope of n = 2, is a better fit. The kinetic values, Km, Vmax, and apparent permeability (Papp), obtained in this study are comparable with other in vivo and in vitro studies. Finally, the presented proximal tubule-on-a-chip can be used for pharmaceutical substance testing and to investigate pharmacokinetics of the renal transporter MDR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negin Namazian Jam
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Gottlöber
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Melanie Hempel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yuliya Dzekhtsiarova
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Behrens
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Sonntag
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Sradnick
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hugo
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian Schmieder
- Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hou C, Gu Y, Yuan W, Zhang W, Xiu X, Lin J, Gao Y, Liu P, Chen X, Song L. Application of microfluidic chips in the simulation of the urinary system microenvironment. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100553. [PMID: 36747584 PMCID: PMC9898763 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The urinary system, comprising the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, has a unique mechanical and fluid microenvironment, which is essential to the urinary system growth and development. Microfluidic models, based on micromachining and tissue engineering technology, can integrate pathophysiological characteristics, maintain cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and accurately simulate the vital characteristics of human tissue microenvironments. Additionally, these models facilitate improved visualization and integration and meet the requirements of the laminar flow environment of the urinary system. However, several challenges continue to impede the development of a tissue microenvironment with controllable conditions closely resemble physiological conditions. In this review, we describe the biochemical and physical microenvironment of the urinary system and explore the feasibility of microfluidic technology in simulating the urinary microenvironment and pathophysiological characteristics in vitro. Moreover, we summarize the current research progress on adapting microfluidic chips for constructing the urinary microenvironment. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and suggest directions for future development and application of microfluidic technology in constructing the urinary microenvironment in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Hou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Eastern Institute of Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubo Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Eastern Institute of Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Eastern Institute of Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai, China
| | - Wukai Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xianjie Xiu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Eastern Institute of Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahao Lin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Eastern Institute of Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Peichuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lujie Song
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Eastern Institute of Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lacueva-Aparicio A, Lindoso RS, Mihăilă SM, Giménez I. Role of extracellular matrix components and structure in new renal models in vitro. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1048738. [PMID: 36569770 PMCID: PMC9767975 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1048738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM), a complex set of fibrillar proteins and proteoglycans, supports the renal parenchyma and provides biomechanical and biochemical cues critical for spatial-temporal patterning of cell development and acquisition of specialized functions. As in vitro models progress towards biomimicry, more attention is paid to reproducing ECM-mediated stimuli. ECM's role in in vitro models of renal function and disease used to investigate kidney injury and regeneration is discussed. Availability, affordability, and lot-to-lot consistency are the main factors determining the selection of materials to recreate ECM in vitro. While simpler components can be synthesized in vitro, others must be isolated from animal or human tissues, either as single isolated components or as complex mixtures, such as Matrigel or decellularized formulations. Synthetic polymeric materials with dynamic and instructive capacities are also being explored for cell mechanical support to overcome the issues with natural products. ECM components can be used as simple 2D coatings or complex 3D scaffolds combining natural and synthetic materials. The goal is to recreate the biochemical signals provided by glycosaminoglycans and other signaling molecules, together with the stiffness, elasticity, segmentation, and dimensionality of the original kidney tissue, to support the specialized functions of glomerular, tubular, and vascular compartments. ECM mimicking also plays a central role in recent developments aiming to reproduce renal tissue in vitro or even in therapeutical strategies to regenerate renal function. Bioprinting of renal tubules, recellularization of kidney ECM scaffolds, and development of kidney organoids are examples. Future solutions will probably combine these technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alodia Lacueva-Aparicio
- Renal and Cardiovascular Physiopathology (FISIOPREN), Aragon’s Health Sciences Institute, Zaragoza, Spain,Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TME Lab), I3A, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rafael Soares Lindoso
- Carlos Chagas Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvia M. Mihăilă
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Giménez
- Renal and Cardiovascular Physiopathology (FISIOPREN), Aragon’s Health Sciences Institute, Zaragoza, Spain,Institute for Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain,School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain,*Correspondence: Ignacio Giménez,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Artificial Kidney Engineering: The Development of Dialysis Membranes for Blood Purification. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020177. [PMID: 35207097 PMCID: PMC8876607 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The artificial kidney, one of the greatest medical inventions in the 20th century, has saved innumerable lives with end stage renal disease. Designs of artificial kidney evolved dramatically in decades of development. A hollow-fibered membrane with well controlled blood and dialysate flow became the major design of the modern artificial kidney. Although they have been well established to prolong patients’ lives, the modern blood purification system is still imperfect. Patient’s quality of life, complications, and lack of metabolic functions are shortcomings of current blood purification treatment. The direction of future artificial kidneys is toward miniaturization, better biocompatibility, and providing metabolic functions. Studies and trials of silicon nanopore membranes, tissue engineering for renal cell bioreactors, and dialysate regeneration are all under development to overcome the shortcomings of current artificial kidneys. With all these advancements, wearable or implantable artificial kidneys will be achievable.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bioengineered Cystinotic Kidney Tubules Recapitulate a Nephropathic Phenotype. Cells 2022; 11:cells11010177. [PMID: 35011739 PMCID: PMC8750898 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephropathic cystinosis is a rare and severe disease caused by disruptions in the CTNS gene. Cystinosis is characterized by lysosomal cystine accumulation, vesicle trafficking impairment, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Additionally, cystinotic patients exhibit weakening and leakage of the proximal tubular segment of the nephrons, leading to renal Fanconi syndrome and kidney failure early in life. Current in vitro cystinotic models cannot recapitulate all clinical features of the disease which limits their translational value. Therefore, the development of novel, complex in vitro models that better mimic the disease and exhibit characteristics not compatible with 2-dimensional cell culture is of crucial importance for novel therapies development. In this study, we developed a 3-dimensional bioengineered model of nephropathic cystinosis by culturing conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cells (ciPTECs) on hollow fiber membranes (HFM). Cystinotic kidney tubules showed lysosomal cystine accumulation, increased autophagy and vesicle trafficking deterioration, the impairment of several metabolic pathways, and the disruption of the epithelial monolayer tightness as compared to control kidney tubules. In particular, the loss of monolayer organization and leakage could be mimicked with the use of the cystinotic kidney tubules, which has not been possible before, using the standard 2-dimensional cell culture. Overall, bioengineered cystinotic kidney tubules recapitulate better the nephropathic phenotype at a molecular, structural, and functional proximal tubule level compared to 2-dimensional cell cultures.
Collapse
|
8
|
Englezakis A, Gozalpour E, Kamran M, Fenner K, Mele E, Coopman K. Development of a hollow fibre-based renal module for active transport studies. J Artif Organs 2021; 24:473-484. [PMID: 33751266 PMCID: PMC8571221 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-021-01260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the active transport of substrates by the kidney in the renal proximal convoluted tubule is crucial for drug development and for studying kidney diseases. Currently, cell-based assays are applied for this this purpose, however, differences between assays and the body are common, indicating the importance of in vitro-in vivo discrepancies. Several studies have suggested that 3D cell cultures expose cells to a more physiological environments, thus, providing more accurate cell function results. To mimic the renal proximal tubule, we have developed a custom-made renal module (RM), containing a single polypropylene hollow fibre (Plasmaphan P1LX, 3M) that serves as a porous scaffold and compared to conventional Transwell cell-based bidirectional transport studies. In addition, a constant flow of media, exposed cells to a physiological shear stress of 0.2 dyne/cm2. MDCK-Mdr1a cells, overexpressing the rat Mdr1a (P-gp) transporter, were seeded onto the HF membrane surface coated with the basement membrane matrix Geltrex which facilitated cell adhesion and tight junction formation. Cells were then seeded into the HF lumen where attachment and tight junction formation were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy while epithelial barrier integrity under shear stress was shown to be achieved by day 7. qPCR results have shown significant changes in gene expression compared to cells grown on Transwells. Kidney injury marker such as KIM-1 and the hypoxia marker CA9 have been downregulated, while the CD133 (Prominin-1) microvilli marker has shown a fivefold upregulation. Furthermore, the renal transporter P-gp expression has been downregulated by 50%. Finally, bidirectional assays have shown that cells grown in the RM were able to reabsorb albumin with a higher efficiency compared to Transwell cell cultures while efflux of the P-gp-specific substrates Hoechst and Rhodamine 123 was decreased. These results further support the effect of the microenvironment and fluidic shear stress on cell function and gene expression. This can serve as the basis for the development of a microphysiological renal model for drug transport studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Englezakis
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Elnaz Gozalpour
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mohammed Kamran
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Katherine Fenner
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elisa Mele
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Karen Coopman
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vermue IJM, Begum R, Castilho M, Rookmaaker MB, Masereeuw R, Bouten CVC, Verhaar MC, Cheng C. Renal Biology Driven Macro- and Microscale Design Strategies for Creating an Artificial Proximal Tubule Using Fiber-Based Technologies. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4679-4693. [PMID: 34490771 PMCID: PMC8512683 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Chronic kidney disease
affects one in six people worldwide. Due
to the scarcity of donor kidneys and the complications associated
with hemodialysis (HD), a cell-based bioartificial kidney (BAK) device
is desired. One of the shortcomings of HD is the lack of active transport
of solutes that would normally be performed by membrane transporters
in kidney epithelial cells. Specifically, proximal tubule (PT) epithelial
cells play a major role in the active transport of metabolic waste
products. Therefore, a BAK containing an artificial PT to actively
transport solutes between the blood and the filtrate could provide
major therapeutic advances. Creating such an artificial PT requires
a biocompatible tubular structure which supports the adhesion and
function of PT-specific epithelial cells. Ideally, this scaffold should
structurally replicate the natural PT basement membrane which consists
mainly of collagen fibers. Fiber-based technologies such as electrospinning
are therefore especially promising for PT scaffold manufacturing.
This review discusses the use of electrospinning technologies to generate
an artificial PT scaffold for ex vivo/in
vivo cellularization. We offer a comparison of currently
available electrospinning technologies and outline the desired scaffold
properties required to serve as a PT scaffold. Discussed also are
the potential technologies that may converge in the future, enabling
the effective and biomimetic incorporation of synthetic PTs in to
BAK devices and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- IJsbrand M Vermue
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Runa Begum
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten B Rookmaaker
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
He X, Yuan T, Jiang X, Yang H, Zheng CL. Effects of contaminated surface water and groundwater from a rare earth mining area on the biology and the physiology of Sprague-Dawley rats. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:144123. [PMID: 33360126 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that an effective damage detection method for model rats from macro individual to micro cellular, was applied to assess the groundwater quality from rare earth metals tailings seepage. To determine whether it is universal method for measuring the toxicological damage caused by contaminated water around other mining areas to organisms at the organ-tissue-cell-chromosome-gene level. In this study, a rare earth mining area in North China was used as research base. Firstly, the core pollution factors in surface water and groundwater from five different sites were analyzed. Then, the degree of toxicological damage to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats caused by contaminated water were systematically assessed using biological methods. Finally, the possible molecular mechanism of toxicological damage was further discussed. The synthesis results showed that the main pollution factors were some metal elements (Mn, Zn, Co, Ni) and rare earth elements (Sc, Nb, La, Ce, Pr, Dy and Y), which might cause significant DNA genetic damage to SD rats. Further, differential gene expression profile showed that DNA damage-inducible genes (Gadd45g and Ddit4), immunity-related genes (Mpo, Slpi and Elane) and two cancer-related genes (Mmp8 and Ltf) were used as a new prognostic and predictive biomarker for biosafety assessment. Therefore, this study provides a possible molecular mechanism for the toxicological damage, and also it provides a universal method to scientifically and effectively evaluate the water pollution risk for other mining areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying He
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Xinying Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Chun Li Zheng
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
van Gaal RC, Vrehen AF, van Sprang JF, Fransen PPKH, van Turnhout MC, Dankers PYW. Biomaterial screening of protein coatings and peptide additives: towards a simple synthetic mimic of a complex natural coating for a bio-artificial kidney. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2209-2220. [PMID: 33506836 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01930e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bio-artificial kidneys require conveniently synthesized membranes providing signals that regulate renal epithelial cell function. Therefore, we aimed to find synthetic analogues for natural extracellular matrix (ECM) protein coatings traditionally used for epithelial cell culturing. Two biomaterial libraries, based on natural ECM-coatings and on synthetic supramolecular small molecule additives, were developed. The base material consisted of a bisurea (BU) containing polymer, providing supramolecular BU-additives to be incorporated via specific hydrogen bonding interactions. This system allows for a modular approach and therefore easy fractional factorial based screening. A natural coating on the BU-polymer material with basement membrane proteins, laminin and collagen IV, combined with catechols was shown to induce renal epithelial monolayer formation. Modification of the BU-polymer material with synthetic BU-modified ECM peptide additives did not result in monolayer formation. Unexpectedly, simple BU-catechol additives induced monolayer formation and presented similar levels of epithelial markers and apical transporter function as on the laminin, collagen IV and catechol natural coating. Importantly, when this BU-polymer material was processed into fibrous e-spun membranes the natural coating and the BU-catechol additive were shown to perfectly function. This study clearly indicates that complex natural ECM-coatings can be replaced by simple synthetic additives, and displays the potency of material libraries based on design of experiments in combination with modular, supramolecular chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C van Gaal
- Laboratory for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Basile C, Davenport A, Mitra S, Pal A, Stamatialis D, Chrysochou C, Kirmizis D. Frontiers in hemodialysis: Innovations and technological advances. Artif Organs 2020; 45:175-182. [PMID: 32780472 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As increasing demand for hemodialysis (HD) treatment incurs significant financial burden to healthcare systems and ecological burden as well, novel therapeutic approaches as well as innovations and technological advances are being sought that could lead to the development of purification devices such as dialyzers with improved characteristics and wearable technology. Novel knowledge such as the development of more accurate kinetic models, the development of novel HD membranes with the use of nanotechnology, novel manufacturing processes, and the latest technology in the science of materials have enabled novel solutions already marketed or on the verge of becoming commercially available. This collaborative article reviews the latest advances in HD as they were presented by the authors in a recent symposium titled "Frontiers in Haemodialysis," held on 12th December 2019 at the Royal Society of Medicine in London.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Basile
- Clinical Research Branch, Division of Nephrology, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy.,Associazione Nefrologica Gabriella Sebastio, Martina Franca, Italy
| | - Andrew Davenport
- UCL Department of Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sandip Mitra
- Department of Nephrology, Manchester University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Avishek Pal
- National Graphene Institute, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- Bioartificial Organs Group, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, TechMed Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zoccali C, Vanholder R, Wagner CA, Anders HJ, Blankestijn PJ, Bruchfeld A, Capasso G, Cozzolino M, Dekker FW, Fliser D, Fouque D, Gansevoort RT, Goumenos D, Jager KJ, Massy ZA, Oostrom TAJ, Rychlık I, Soler MJ, Stevens K, Spasovski G, Wanner C. Funding kidney research as a public health priority: challenges and opportunities. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 37:21-28. [PMID: 32888017 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical societies have a social responsibility to disseminate knowledge and inform health authorities on threats to public health posed by various diseases. Advocacy for health protection programmes and for medical research funding is now embedded into the missions of most scientific societies. To promote kidney research funding in Europe, the European Renal Association - European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA), rather than acting as an individual society advocating for the fight against kidney disease, has actively helped to create an alliance of national associations centred on kidney diseases, the European Kidney Health Alliance (EKHA), and joined the Biomedical Alliance (BMA). The ERA-EDTA is fully committed to supporting its working groups (WGs) and consortia of its members to allow them to produce valuable kidney research. The framing and formalization of projects, and the regulatory issues related to submission to the European Commission, are complex. To help WGs to gain expert advice from agencies with specific know-how, the ERA-EDTA has adopted a competitive approach. The best research projects proposed by WGs and consortia of other European investigators will receive seed funding to cover the costs of consultancy by expert agencies. Via its broader platforms, the EKHA and the BMA, the ERA-EDTA will strive towards broader recognition of kidney disease and related clusters of non-communicable diseases, by European and national agencies, as major threats to the qualities of life of their populations and their economies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raymond Vanholder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,European Kidney Health Alliance (EKHA), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, Switzerland and National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter J Blankestijn
- Nephrology Section Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annette Bruchfeld
- Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Cozzolino
- Renal Division, ASST Santi Paolo E Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Friedo W Dekker
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Danilo Fliser
- Internal Medicine IV, Renal and Hypertensive Diseases, Saarland University Medical Centre, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Denis Fouque
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite Cedex, France
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Goumenos
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Kitty J Jager
- Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ziad A Massy
- Division of Nephrology, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, APHP, Boulogne Billancourt/Paris and Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM UMRS 1018 Team 5, University Paris-Saclay, and University Versailles Saint Quentin, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Ivan Rychlık
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Maria Jose Soler
- Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Nephrology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kate Stevens
- Glasgow Renal and Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Goce Spasovski
- Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University of Skopje, Skopje, Northern Republic of Macedonia
| | - Christoph Wanner
- Division of Nephrology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jochems PG, van Bergenhenegouwen J, van Genderen AM, Eis ST, Wilod Versprille LJ, Wichers HJ, Jeurink PV, Garssen J, Masereeuw R. Development and validation of bioengineered intestinal tubules for translational research aimed at safety and efficacy testing of drugs and nutrients. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 60:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
15
|
Abstract
Dialyzer clearance of urea multiplied by dialysis time and normalized for urea distribution volume (Kt/Vurea or simply Kt/V) has been used as an index of dialysis adequacy since more than 30 years. This article reviews the flaws of Kt/V, starting with a lack of proof of concept in three randomized controlled hard outcome trials (RCTs), and continuing with a long list of conditions where the concept of Kt/V was shown to be flawed. This information leaves little room for any conclusion other than that Kt/V, as an indicator of dialysis adequacy, is obsolete. The dialysis patient might benefit more if, instead, the nephrology community concentrates in the future on pursuing the optimal dialysis dose that conforms with adequate quality of life and on factors that are likely to affect outcomes more than Kt/V. These include residual renal function, volume status, dialysis length, ultrafiltration rate, the number of intra-dialytic hypotensive episodes, interdialytic blood pressure, serum potassium and phosphate, serum albumin, and C reactive protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Vanholder
- Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Biesen
- Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Norbert Lameire
- Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jansen K, Castilho M, Aarts S, Kaminski MM, Lienkamp SS, Pichler R, Malda J, Vermonden T, Jansen J, Masereeuw R. Fabrication of Kidney Proximal Tubule Grafts Using Biofunctionalized Electrospun Polymer Scaffolds. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800412. [PMID: 30548802 PMCID: PMC7116029 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of end-stage renal disease and persistent shortage of donor organs call for alternative therapies for kidney patients. Dialysis remains an inferior treatment as clearance of large and protein-bound waste products depends on active tubular secretion. Biofabricated tissues could make a valuable contribution, but kidneys are highly intricate and multifunctional organs. Depending on the therapeutic objective, suitable cell sources and scaffolds must be selected. This study provides a proof-of-concept for stand-alone kidney tubule grafts with suitable mechanical properties for future implantation purposes. Porous tubular nanofiber scaffolds are fabricated by electrospinning 12%, 16%, and 20% poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) v/w (chloroform and dimethylformamide, 1:3) around 0.7 mm needle templates. The resulting scaffolds consist of 92%, 69%, and 54% nanofibers compared to microfibers, respectively. After biofunctionalization with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and collagen IV, 10 × 106 proximal tubule cells per mL are injected and cultured until experimental readout. A human-derived cell model can bridge all fiber-to-fiber distances to form a monolayer, whereas small-sized murine cells form monolayers on dense nanofiber meshes only. Fabricated constructs remain viable for at least 3 weeks and maintain functionality as shown by inhibitor-sensitive transport activity, which suggests clearance capacity for both negatively and positively charged solutes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Jansen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99,, 3584, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500,, 3508, GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8,, 3584, CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Aarts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99,, 3584, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500,, 3508, GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael M Kaminski
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Breisacher Straße 66,, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Soeren S Lienkamp
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Breisacher Straße 66,, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Roman Pichler
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Breisacher Straße 66,, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Jos Malda
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 85500,, 3508, GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8,, 3584, CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Equine Sciences, Room G05228, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100,, 3584, CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tina Vermonden
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99,, 3584, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99,, 3584, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8,, 3584, CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jitske Jansen
- Department of Pathology and Pediatric Nephrology, RIMLS, RIHS, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99,, 3584, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8,, 3584, CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
van Gaal RC, Fedecostante M, Fransen PPKH, Masereeuw R, Dankers PYW. Renal Epithelial Monolayer Formation on Monomeric and Polymeric Catechol Functionalized Supramolecular Biomaterials. Macromol Biosci 2018; 19:e1800300. [PMID: 30430737 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Induction of a functional, tight monolayer of renal epithelial cells on a synthetic membrane to be applied in a bioartificial kidney device requires for bio-activation of the membrane. The current golden standard in bio-activation is the combination of a random polymeric catechol (L-DOPA) coating and collagen type IV (Col IV). Here the possibility of replacing this with defined monomeric catechol functionalization on a biomaterial surface using supramolecular ureido-pyrimidinone (UPy)-moieties is investigated. Monomeric catechols modified with a UPy-unit are successfully incorporated and presented in supramolecular UPy-polymer films and membranes. Unfortunately, these UPy-catechols are unable to improve epithelial cell monolayer formation over time, solely or in combination with Col IV. L-DOPA combined with Col IV is able to induce a tight monolayer capable of transport on electrospun supramolecular UPy-membranes. This study shows that a random polymeric catechol coating cannot be simply mimicked by defined monomeric catechols as supramolecular additives. There is still a long way to go in order to synthetically mimic simple natural structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C van Gaal
- R. C. van Gaal, Dr. P.-P. K. H. Fransen, Prof. P. Y. W. Dankers, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Michele Fedecostante
- Dr. M. Fedecostante, Prof. R. Masereeuw, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg, 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter-Paul K H Fransen
- R. C. van Gaal, Dr. P.-P. K. H. Fransen, Prof. P. Y. W. Dankers, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Dr. M. Fedecostante, Prof. R. Masereeuw, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg, 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Y W Dankers
- R. C. van Gaal, Dr. P.-P. K. H. Fransen, Prof. P. Y. W. Dankers, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Legallais C, Kim D, Mihaila SM, Mihajlovic M, Figliuzzi M, Bonandrini B, Salerno S, Yousef Yengej FA, Rookmaaker MB, Sanchez Romero N, Sainz-Arnal P, Pereira U, Pasqua M, Gerritsen KGF, Verhaar MC, Remuzzi A, Baptista PM, De Bartolo L, Masereeuw R, Stamatialis D. Bioengineering Organs for Blood Detoxification. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800430. [PMID: 30230709 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
For patients with severe kidney or liver failure the best solution is currently organ transplantation. However, not all patients are eligible for transplantation and due to limited organ availability, most patients are currently treated with therapies using artificial kidney and artificial liver devices. These therapies, despite their relative success in preserving the patients' life, have important limitations since they can only replace part of the natural kidney or liver functions. As blood detoxification (and other functions) in these highly perfused organs is achieved by specialized cells, it seems relevant to review the approaches leading to bioengineered organs fulfilling most of the native organ functions. There, the culture of cells of specific phenotypes on adapted scaffolds that can be perfused takes place. In this review paper, first the functions of kidney and liver organs are briefly described. Then artificial kidney/liver devices, bioartificial kidney devices, and bioartificial liver devices are focused on, as well as biohybrid constructs obtained by decellularization and recellularization of animal organs. For all organs, a thorough overview of the literature is given and the perspectives for their application in the clinic are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Legallais
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering; Université de technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne Universités; 60203 Compiègne France
| | - Dooli Kim
- (Bio)artificial organs; Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; Faculty of Science and Technology; TechMed Institute; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia M. Mihaila
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Milos Mihajlovic
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marina Figliuzzi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; via Stezzano 87 24126 Bergamo Italy
| | - Barbara Bonandrini
- Department of Chemistry; Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Simona Salerno
- Institute on Membrane Technology; National Research Council of Italy; ITM-CNR; Via Pietro BUCCI, Cubo 17C - 87036 Rende Italy
| | - Fjodor A. Yousef Yengej
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Maarten B. Rookmaaker
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - Pilar Sainz-Arnal
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon); 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS); 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Ulysse Pereira
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering; Université de technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne Universités; 60203 Compiègne France
| | - Mattia Pasqua
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering; Université de technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne Universités; 60203 Compiègne France
| | - Karin G. F. Gerritsen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C. Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; University Medical Center Utrecht and Regenerative Medicine Utrecht; Utrecht University; Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Remuzzi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri; via Stezzano 87 24126 Bergamo Italy
- Department of Management; Information and Production Engineering; University of Bergamo; viale Marconi 5 24044 Dalmine Italy
| | - Pedro M. Baptista
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon); 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Department of Management; Information and Production Engineering; University of Bergamo; viale Marconi 5 24044 Dalmine Italy
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas (CIBERehd); 28029 Barcelona Spain
- Fundación ARAID; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz; 28040 Madrid Spain. Department of Biomedical and Aerospace Engineering; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; 28911 Madrid Spain
| | - Loredana De Bartolo
- Institute on Membrane Technology; National Research Council of Italy; ITM-CNR; Via Pietro BUCCI, Cubo 17C - 87036 Rende Italy
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- (Bio)artificial organs; Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology; Faculty of Science and Technology; TechMed Institute; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Genderen AM, Jansen J, Cheng C, Vermonden T, Masereeuw R. Renal Tubular- and Vascular Basement Membranes and their Mimicry in Engineering Vascularized Kidney Tubules. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800529. [PMID: 30091856 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The high prevalence of chronic kidney disease leads to an increased need for renal replacement therapies. While there are simply not enough donor organs available for transplantation, there is a need to seek other therapeutic avenues as current dialysis modalities are insufficient. The field of regenerative medicine and whole organ engineering is emerging, and researchers are looking for innovative ways to create (part of) a functional new organ. To biofabricate a kidney or its functional units, it is necessary to understand and learn from physiology to be able to mimic the specific tissue properties. Herein is provided an overview of the knowledge on tubular and vascular basement membranes' biochemical components and biophysical properties, and the major differences between the two basement membranes are highlighted. Furthermore, an overview of current trends in membrane technology for developing renal replacement therapies and to stimulate kidney regeneration is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Metje Genderen
- Division of PharmacologyUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Jitske Jansen
- Division of PharmacologyUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Regenerative Medicine Center UtrechtUniversity Medical Center Utrecht 3584 CT Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionUniversity Medical Center Utrecht 3508 GA Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental CardiologyErasmus Medical Center 3015 GD Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Tina Vermonden
- Division of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of PharmacologyUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
A novel multi-parametric high content screening assay in ciPTEC-OAT1 to predict drug-induced nephrotoxicity during drug discovery. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:3175-3190. [PMID: 30155723 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2284-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a major concern in the clinic and hampers the use of available treatments as well as the development of innovative medicines. It is typically discovered late during drug development, which reflects a lack of in vitro nephrotoxicity assays available that can be employed readily in early drug discovery, to identify and hence steer away from the risk. Here, we report the development of a high content screening assay in ciPTEC-OAT1, a proximal tubular cell line that expresses several relevant renal transporters, using five fluorescent dyes to quantify cell health parameters. We used a validation set of 62 drugs, tested across a relevant concentration range compared to their exposure in humans, to develop a model that integrates multi-parametric data and drug exposure information, which identified most proximal tubular toxic drugs tested (sensitivity 75%) without any false positives (specificity 100%). Due to the relatively high throughput (straight-forward assay protocol, 96-well format, cost-effective) the assay is compatible with the needs in the early drug discovery setting to enable identification, quantification and subsequent mitigation of the risk for nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
|
21
|
Mihajlovic M, Mihajlovic M, Dankers PYW, Masereeuw R, Sijbesma RP. Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Supramolecular Hydrogels for Bioapplications. Macromol Biosci 2018; 19:e1800173. [PMID: 30085403 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite hydrogels based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known to possess remarkable stiffness, electrical, and thermal conductivity. However, they often make use of CNTs as fillers in covalently cross-linked hydrogel networks or involve direct cross-linking between CNTs and polymer chains, limiting processability properties. Herein, nanocomposite hydrogels are developed, in which CNTs are fillers in a physically cross-linked hydrogel. Supramolecular nanocomposites are prepared at various CNT concentrations, ranging from 0.5 to 6 wt%. Incorporation of 3 wt% of CNTs leads to an increase of the material's toughness by over 80%, and it enhances electrical conductivity by 358%, compared to CNT-free hydrogel. Meanwhile, the nanocomposite hydrogels maintain thixotropy and processability, typical of the parent hydrogel. The study also demonstrates that these materials display remarkable cytocompatibility and support cell growth and proliferation, while preserving their functional activities. These supramolecular nanocomposite hydrogels are therefore promising candidates for biomedical applications, in which both toughness and electrical conductivity are important parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Mihajlovic
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513,, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513,, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Milos Mihajlovic
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Y W Dankers
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513,, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513,, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rint P Sijbesma
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513,, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513,, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vriend J, Nieskens TTG, Vormann MK, van den Berge BT, van den Heuvel A, Russel FGM, Suter-Dick L, Lanz HL, Vulto P, Masereeuw R, Wilmer MJ. Screening of Drug-Transporter Interactions in a 3D Microfluidic Renal Proximal Tubule on a Chip. AAPS JOURNAL 2018; 20:87. [PMID: 30051196 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-018-0247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug-transporter interactions could impact renal drug clearance and should ideally be detected in early stages of drug development to avoid toxicity-related withdrawals in later stages. This requires reliable and robust assays for which current high-throughput screenings have, however, poor predictability. Kidney-on-a-chip platforms have the potential to improve predictability, but often lack compatibility with high-content detection platforms. Here, we combined conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cells overexpressing organic anion transporter 1 (ciPTEC-OAT1) with the microfluidic titer plate OrganoPlate to develop a screenings assay for renal drug-transporter interactions. In this platform, apical localization of F-actin and intracellular tight-junction protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) indicated appropriate cell polarization. Gene expression levels of the drug transporters organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1; SLC22A6), organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2; SLC22A2), P-glycoprotein (P-gp; ABCB1), and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 and 4 (MRP2/4; ABCC2/4) were similar levels to 2D static cultures. Functionality of the efflux transporters P-gp and MRP2/4 was studied as proof-of-concept for 3D assays using calcein-AM and 5-chloromethylfluorescein-diacetate (CMFDA), respectively. Confocal imaging demonstrated a 4.4 ± 0.2-fold increase in calcein accumulation upon P-gp inhibition using PSC833. For MRP2/4, a 3.0 ± 0.2-fold increased accumulation of glutathione-methylfluorescein (GS-MF) was observed upon inhibition with a combination of PSC833, MK571, and KO143. Semi-quantitative image processing methods for P-gp and MRP2/4 was demonstrated with corresponding Z'-factors of 0.1 ± 0.3 and 0.4 ± 0.1, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrate a 3D microfluidic PTEC model valuable for screening of drug-transporter interactions that further allows multiplexing of endpoint read-outs for drug-transporter interactions and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Vriend
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (149), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom T G Nieskens
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (149), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bartholomeus T van den Berge
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (149), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (149), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Suter-Dick
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn J Wilmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (149), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chevtchik NV, Mihajlovic M, Fedecostante M, Bolhuis-Versteeg L, Sastre Toraño J, Masereeuw R, Stamatialis D. A bioartificial kidney device with polarized secretion of immune modulators. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:1670-1678. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. V. Chevtchik
- Bioartificial Organs, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine; University of Twente; Enschede the Netherlands
| | - M. Mihajlovic
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - M. Fedecostante
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - L. Bolhuis-Versteeg
- Bioartificial Organs, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine; University of Twente; Enschede the Netherlands
| | - J. Sastre Toraño
- Division of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - R. Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - D. Stamatialis
- Bioartificial Organs, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine; University of Twente; Enschede the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen C, Jochems PGM, Salz L, Schneeberger K, Penning LC, van de Graaf SFJ, Beuers U, Clevers H, Geijsen N, Masereeuw R, Spee B. Bioengineered bile ducts recapitulate key cholangiocyte functions. Biofabrication 2018; 10:034103. [PMID: 29848792 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aac8fd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of diseases of the bile duct system and identification of potential therapeutic targets are hampered by the lack of tractable in vitro systems to model cholangiocyte biology. Here, we show a step-wise method for the differentiation of murine Lgr5+ liver stem cells (organoids) into cholangiocyte-like cells (CLCs) using a combination of growth factors and extracellular matrix components. Organoid-derived CLCs display key properties of primary cholangiocytes, such as expressing cholangiocyte markers, forming primary cilia, transporting small molecules and responding to farnesoid X receptor agonist. Integration of organoid-derived cholangiocytes with collagen-coated polyethersulfone hollow fiber membranes yielded bioengineered bile ducts that morphologically resembled native bile ducts and possessed polarized bile acid transport activity. As such, we present a novel in vitro model for studying and therapeutically modulating cholangiocyte function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands. Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Graphene oxide-doping improves the biocompatibility and separation performance of polyethersulfone hollow fiber membranes for bioartificial kidney application. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 514:750-759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
26
|
Mihajlovic M, Fedecostante M, Oost MJ, Steenhuis SKP, Lentjes EGWM, Maitimu-Smeele I, Janssen MJ, Hilbrands LB, Masereeuw R. Role of Vitamin D in Maintaining Renal Epithelial Barrier Function in Uremic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122531. [PMID: 29186865 PMCID: PMC5751134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As current kidney replacement therapies are not efficient enough for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treatment, a bioartificial kidney (BAK) device, based on conditionally immortalized human proximal tubule epithelial cells (ciPTEC), could represent an attractive solution. The active transport activity of such a system was recently demonstrated. In addition, endocrine functions of the cells, such as vitamin D activation, are relevant. The organic anion transporter 1 (OAT-1) overexpressing ciPTEC line presented 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1), 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) and vitamin D receptor (VDR), responsible for vitamin D activation, degradation and function, respectively. The ability to produce and secrete 1α,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, was shown after incubation with the precursor, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3. The beneficial effect of vitamin D on cell function and behavior in uremic conditions was studied in the presence of an anionic uremic toxins mixture. Vitamin D could restore cell viability, and inflammatory and oxidative status, as shown by cell metabolic activity, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, respectively. Finally, vitamin D restored transepithelial barrier function, as evidenced by decreased inulin-FITC leakage in biofunctionalized hollow fiber membranes (HFM) carrying ciPTEC-OAT1. In conclusion, the protective effects of vitamin D in uremic conditions and proven ciPTEC-OAT1 endocrine function encourage the use of these cells for BAK application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milos Mihajlovic
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Michele Fedecostante
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Miriam J Oost
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sonja K P Steenhuis
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Eef G W M Lentjes
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Inge Maitimu-Smeele
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Manoe J Janssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Luuk B Hilbrands
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Weber EJ, Chapron A, Chapron BD, Voellinger JL, Lidberg KA, Yeung CK, Wang Z, Yamaura Y, Hailey DW, Neumann T, Shen DD, Thummel KE, Muczynski KA, Himmelfarb J, Kelly EJ. Development of a microphysiological model of human kidney proximal tubule function. Kidney Int 2017; 90:627-37. [PMID: 27521113 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The kidney proximal tubule is the primary site in the nephron for excretion of waste products through a combination of active uptake and secretory processes and is also a primary target of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Here, we describe the development and functional characterization of a 3-dimensional flow-directed human kidney proximal tubule microphysiological system. The system replicates the polarity of the proximal tubule, expresses appropriate marker proteins, exhibits biochemical and synthetic activities, as well as secretory and reabsorptive processes associated with proximal tubule function in vivo. This microphysiological system can serve as an ideal platform for ex vivo modeling of renal drug clearance and drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Additionally, this novel system can be used for preclinical screening of new chemical compounds prior to initiating human clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah J Weber
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alenka Chapron
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian D Chapron
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jenna L Voellinger
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kevin A Lidberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Catherine K Yeung
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zhican Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamaura
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dale W Hailey
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Danny D Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| | - Edward J Kelly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Allostimulatory capacity of conditionally immortalized proximal tubule cell lines for bioartificial kidney application. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7103. [PMID: 28769101 PMCID: PMC5540916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel renal replacement therapies, such as a bioartificial kidney (BAK), are needed to improve current hemodialysis treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. As BAK applications may reveal safety concerns, we assessed the alloimmunization and related safety aspects of readily available conditionally immortalized human proximal tubule epithelial cell (ciPTEC) lines to be used in BAK. Two ciPTEC lines, originally derived from urine and kidney tissue, were characterized for the expression and secretion of relevant molecules involved in alloimmunization and inflammatory responses, such as HLA class-I, HLA-DR, CD40, CD80, CD86, as wells as soluble HLA class I and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α). A lack of direct immunogenic effect of ciPTEC was shown in co-culture experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), after appropriate stimulation of ciPTEC. Tight epithelial cell monolayer formation on polyethersulfone flat membranes was confirmed by zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression in the ciPTEC tight junctions, and by restricted inulin-FITC diffusion. Co-culture with (activated) PBMC did not jeopardize the transepithelial barrier function of ciPTEC. In conclusion, the absence of allostimulatory effects and the stability of ciPTEC monolayers show that these unique cells could represent a safe option for BAK engineering application.
Collapse
|
29
|
Hulshof F, Schophuizen C, Mihajlovic M, van Blitterswijk C, Masereeuw R, de Boer J, Stamatialis D. New insights into the effects of biomaterial chemistry and topography on the morphology of kidney epithelial cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e817-e827. [PMID: 27977906 DOI: 10.1002/term.2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Increasing incidence of renal pathology in the western world calls for innovative research for the development of cell-based therapies such as a bioartificial kidney (BAK) device. To fulfil the multitude of kidney functions, the core component of the BAK is a living membrane consisting of a tight kidney cell monolayer with preserved functional organic ion transporters cultured on a polymeric membrane surface. This membrane, on one side, is in contact with blood and therefore should have excellent blood compatibility, whereas the other side should facilitate functional monolayer formation. This work investigated the effect of membrane chemistry and surface topography on kidney epithelial cells to improve the formation of a functional monolayer. To achieve this, microtopographies were fabricated with high resolution and reproducibility on polystyrene films and on polyethersulfone-polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PES-PVP) porous membranes. A conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cell line (ciPTEC) was cultured on both, and subsequently, the cell morphology and monolayer formation were assessed. Our results showed that L-dopamine coating of the PES-PVP was sufficient to support ciPTEC monolayer formation. The polystyrene topographies with large features were able to align the cells in various patterns without significantly disruption of monolayer formation; however, the PES-PVP topographies with large features disrupted the monolayer. In contrast, the PES-PVP membranes with small features and with large spacing supported well the ciPTEC monolayer formation. In addition, the topographical PES-PVP membranes were compatible as a substrate membrane to measure organic cation transporter activity in Transwell® systems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frits Hulshof
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Department of Cell Biology inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien Schophuizen
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Radboudumc, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboudumc, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Milos Mihajlovic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboudumc, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens van Blitterswijk
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboudumc, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Boer
- Department of Cell Biology inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Focus issue | Bioartificial organs and tissue engineering. Int J Artif Organs 2017; 40:133-135. [PMID: 28493275 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
32
|
Sánchez-Romero N, Schophuizen CM, Giménez I, Masereeuw R. In vitro systems to study nephropharmacology: 2D versus 3D models. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 790:36-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
33
|
Homan KA, Kolesky DB, Skylar-Scott MA, Herrmann J, Obuobi H, Moisan A, Lewis JA. Bioprinting of 3D Convoluted Renal Proximal Tubules on Perfusable Chips. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34845. [PMID: 27725720 PMCID: PMC5057112 DOI: 10.1038/srep34845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional models of kidney tissue that recapitulate human responses are needed for drug screening, disease modeling, and, ultimately, kidney organ engineering. Here, we report a bioprinting method for creating 3D human renal proximal tubules in vitro that are fully embedded within an extracellular matrix and housed in perfusable tissue chips, allowing them to be maintained for greater than two months. Their convoluted tubular architecture is circumscribed by proximal tubule epithelial cells and actively perfused through the open lumen. These engineered 3D proximal tubules on chip exhibit significantly enhanced epithelial morphology and functional properties relative to the same cells grown on 2D controls with or without perfusion. Upon introducing the nephrotoxin, Cyclosporine A, the epithelial barrier is disrupted in a dose-dependent manner. Our bioprinting method provides a new route for programmably fabricating advanced human kidney tissue models on demand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A. Homan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David B. Kolesky
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Skylar-Scott
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jessica Herrmann
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Humphrey Obuobi
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Annie Moisan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer A. Lewis
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nieskens TTG, Wilmer MJ. Kidney-on-a-chip technology for renal proximal tubule tissue reconstruction. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 790:46-56. [PMID: 27401035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The renal proximal tubule epithelium is responsible for active secretion of endogenous and exogenous waste products from the body and simultaneous reabsorption of vital compounds from the glomerular filtrate. The complexity of this transport machinery makes investigation of processes such as tubular drug secretion a continuous challenge for researchers. Currently available renal cell culture models often lack sufficient physiological relevance and reliability. Introducing complex biological culture systems in a 3D microfluidic design improves the physiological relevance of in vitro renal proximal tubule epithelium models. Organ-on-a-chip technology provides a promising alternative, as it allows the reconstruction of a renal tubule structure. These microfluidic systems mimic the in vivo microenvironment including multi-compartmentalization and exposure to fluid shear stress. Increasing data supports that fluid shear stress impacts the phenotype and functionality of proximal tubule cultures, for which we provide an extensive background. In this review, we discuss recent developments of kidney-on-a-chip platforms with current and future applications. The improved proximal tubule functionality using 3D microfluidic systems is placed in perspective of investigating cellular signalling that can elucidate mechanistic aberrations involved in drug-induced kidney toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom T G Nieskens
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn J Wilmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chevtchik NV, Fedecostante M, Jansen J, Mihajlovic M, Wilmer M, Rüth M, Masereeuw R, Stamatialis D. Upscaling of a living membrane for bioartificial kidney device. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 790:28-35. [PMID: 27395800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The limited removal of metabolic waste products in dialyzed kidney patients leads to high morbidity and mortality. One powerful solution for a more complete removal of those metabolites might be offered by a bioartificial kidney device (BAK), which contains a hybrid "living membrane" with functional proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTEC). These cells are supported by an artificial functionalized hollow fiber membrane (HFM) and are able to actively remove the waste products. In our earlier studies, conditionally immortalized human PTEC (ciPTEC) showed to express functional organic cationic transporter 2 (OCT2) when seeded on small size flat or hollow fiber polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. Here, an upscaled "living membrane" is presented. We developed and assessed the functionality of modules containing three commercially available MicroPES HFM supporting ciPTEC. The HFM were optimally coated with L-Dopa and collagen IV to support a uniform and tight monolayer formation of matured ciPTEC under static culturing conditions. Both abundant expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein and limited diffusion of FITC-inulin confirm a clear barrier function of the monolayer. Furthermore, the uptake of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide (ASP+), a fluorescent OCT2 substrate, was studied in absence and presence of known OCT inhibitors, such as cimetidine and a cationic uremic solutes mixture. The ASP+ uptake by the living upscaled membrane was decreased by 60% in the presence of either inhibitor, proving the active function of OCT2. In conclusion, this study presents a successful upscaling of a living membrane with active organic cation transport as a support for BAK device.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vladimirovna Chevtchik
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Michele Fedecostante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UIPS Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jitske Jansen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UIPS Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Milos Mihajlovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UIPS Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Wilmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Rüth
- eXcorLab GmbH, Industrie Center Obernburg, Obernburg, Germany
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UIPS Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chu X, Bleasby K, Chan GH, Nunes I, Evers R. The Complexities of Interpreting Reversible Elevated Serum Creatinine Levels in Drug Development: Does a Correlation with Inhibition of Renal Transporters Exist? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 44:1498-509. [PMID: 26825641 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.067694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In humans, creatinine is formed by a multistep process in liver and muscle and eliminated via the kidney by a combination of glomerular filtration and active transport. Based on current evidence, creatinine can be taken up into renal proximal tubule cells by the basolaterally localized organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and the organic anion transporter 2, and effluxed into the urine by the apically localized multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 (MATE1) and MATE2K. Drug-induced elevation of serum creatinine (SCr) and/or reduced creatinine renal clearance is routinely used as a marker for acute kidney injury. Interpretation of elevated SCr can be complex, because such increases can be reversible and explained by inhibition of renal transporters involved in active secretion of creatinine or other secondary factors, such as diet and disease state. Distinction between these possibilities is important from a drug development perspective, as increases in SCr can result in the termination of otherwise efficacious drug candidates. In this review, we discuss the challenges associated with using creatinine as a marker for kidney damage. Furthermore, to evaluate whether reversible changes in SCr can be predicted prospectively based on in vitro transporter inhibition data, an in-depth in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) analysis was conducted for 16 drugs with in-house and literature in vitro transporter inhibition data for OCT2, MATE1, and MATE2K, as well as total and unbound maximum plasma concentration (Cmax and Cmax,u) data measured in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (X.C., K.B., G.H.C., R.E.), and Global Regulatory Affairs, Oncology, Immunology, Biologics & Devices (I.N.), Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Kelly Bleasby
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (X.C., K.B., G.H.C., R.E.), and Global Regulatory Affairs, Oncology, Immunology, Biologics & Devices (I.N.), Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Grace Hoyee Chan
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (X.C., K.B., G.H.C., R.E.), and Global Regulatory Affairs, Oncology, Immunology, Biologics & Devices (I.N.), Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Irene Nunes
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (X.C., K.B., G.H.C., R.E.), and Global Regulatory Affairs, Oncology, Immunology, Biologics & Devices (I.N.), Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Raymond Evers
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism (X.C., K.B., G.H.C., R.E.), and Global Regulatory Affairs, Oncology, Immunology, Biologics & Devices (I.N.), Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jansen J, De Napoli IE, Fedecostante M, Schophuizen CMS, Chevtchik NV, Wilmer MJ, van Asbeck AH, Croes HJ, Pertijs JC, Wetzels JFM, Hilbrands LB, van den Heuvel LP, Hoenderop JG, Stamatialis D, Masereeuw R. Human proximal tubule epithelial cells cultured on hollow fibers: living membranes that actively transport organic cations. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16702. [PMID: 26567716 PMCID: PMC4644946 DOI: 10.1038/srep16702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioartificial kidney (BAK) aims at improving dialysis by developing ‘living membranes’ for cells-aided removal of uremic metabolites. Here, unique human conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cell (ciPTEC) monolayers were cultured on biofunctionalized MicroPES (polyethersulfone) hollow fiber membranes (HFM) and functionally tested using microfluidics. Tight monolayer formation was demonstrated by abundant zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein expression along the tight junctions of matured ciPTEC on HFM. A clear barrier function of the monolayer was confirmed by limited diffusion of FITC-inulin. The activity of the organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) in ciPTEC was evaluated in real-time using a perfusion system by confocal microscopy using 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide (ASP+) as a fluorescent substrate. Initial ASP+ uptake was inhibited by a cationic uremic metabolites mixture and by the histamine H2-receptor antagonist, cimetidine. In conclusion, a ‘living membrane’ of renal epithelial cells on MicroPES HFM with demonstrated active organic cation transport was successfully established as a first step in BAK engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Jansen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I E De Napoli
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - M Fedecostante
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C M S Schophuizen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - N V Chevtchik
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - M J Wilmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A H van Asbeck
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H J Croes
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J C Pertijs
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J F M Wetzels
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - L B Hilbrands
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - L P van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology &Growth and Regeneration, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J G Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - D Stamatialis
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - R Masereeuw
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Div. Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Vanholder RC, Eloot S, Glorieux GLRL. Future Avenues to Decrease Uremic Toxin Concentration. Am J Kidney Dis 2015; 67:664-76. [PMID: 26500179 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we review approaches for decreasing uremic solute concentrations in chronic kidney disease and in particular, in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The rationale to do so is the straightforward relation between concentration and biological (toxic) effect for most toxins. The first section is devoted to extracorporeal strategies (kidney replacement therapy). In the context of high-flux hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration, we discuss increasing dialyzer blood and dialysate flows, frequent and/or extended dialysis, adsorption, bioartificial kidney, and changing physical conditions within the dialyzer (especially for protein-bound toxins). The next section focuses on the intestinal generation of uremic toxins, which in return is stimulated by uremic conditions. Therapeutic options are probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and intestinal sorbents. Current data are conflicting, and these issues need further study before useful therapeutic concepts are developed. The following section is devoted to preservation of (residual) kidney function. Although many therapeutic options may overlap with therapies provided before ESRD, we focus on specific aspects of ESRD treatment, such as the risks of too-strict blood pressure and glycemic regulation and hemodynamic changes during dialysis. Finally, some recommendations are given on how research might be organized with regard to uremic toxins and their effects, removal, and impact on outcomes of uremic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunny Eloot
- Nephrology Department, University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mollet BB, Bogaerts ILJ, van Almen GC, Dankers PYW. A bioartificial environment for kidney epithelial cells based on a supramolecular polymer basement membrane mimic and an organotypical culture system. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1820-1834. [PMID: 28586546 DOI: 10.1002/term.2080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Renal applications in healthcare, such as renal replacement therapies and nephrotoxicity tests, could potentially benefit from bioartificial kidney membranes with fully differentiated and functional human tubular epithelial cells. A replacement of the natural environment of these cells is required to maintain and study cell functionality cell differentiation in vitro. Our approach was based on synthetic supramolecular biomaterials to mimic the natural basement membrane (BM) on which these cells grow and a bioreactor to provide the desired organotypical culture parameters. The BM mimics were constructed from ureidopyrimidinone (UPy)-functionalized polymer and bioactive peptides by electrospinning. The resultant membranes were shown to have a hierarchical fibrous BM-like structure consisting of self-assembled nanofibres within the electrospun microfibres. Human kidney-2 (HK-2) epithelial cells were cultured on the BM mimics under organotypical conditions in a custom-built bioreactor. The bioreactor facilitated in situ monitoring and functionality testing of the cultures. Cell viability and the integrity of the epithelial cell barrier were demonstrated inside the bioreactor by microscopy and transmembrane leakage of fluorescently labelled inulin, respectively. Furthermore, HK-2 cells maintained a polarized cell layer and showed modulation of both gene expression of membrane transporter proteins and metabolic activity of brush border enzymes when subjected to a continuous flow of culture medium inside the new bioreactor for 21 days. These results demonstrated that both the culture and study of renal epithelial cells was facilitated by the bioartificial in vitro environment that is formed by synthetic supramolecular BM mimics in our custom-built bioreactor. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Björne B Mollet
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Iven L J Bogaerts
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Geert C van Almen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Y W Dankers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|