1
|
Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Liu Y. Oriented immobilization of nanobodies using SpyCatcher/SpyTag significantly enhances the capacity of affinity chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465107. [PMID: 38905946 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The use of nanobodies (Nbs) in affinity chromatography for biomacromolecule purification is gaining popularity. However, high-performance Nb-based affinity resins are not readily available, mainly due to the lack of suitable immobilization methods. In this study, we explored an autocatalytic coupling strategy based on the SpyCatcher/SpyTag chemistry to achieve oriented immobilization of Nb ligands. To facilitate this approach, a variant cSpyCatcher003 (cSC003) was coupled onto agarose microspheres, providing a specific attachment site for SpyTagged nanobody ligands. The cSC003 easily purified from Escherichia coli through a two-step procedure, exhibits exceptional alkali resistance and structural recovery capability, highlighting its robustness as a linker in the coupling strategy. To validate the effectiveness of cSC003-derivatized support, we employed VHSA, a nanobody against human serum albumin (HSA), as the model ligand. Notably, the immobilization of SpyTagged VHSA onto the cSC003-derivatized support was achieved with a coupling efficiency of 90 %, significantly higher than that of traditional thiol-based coupling method. This improvement directly correlated to the preservation of the native conformation of nanobodies during the coupling process. In addition, the Spy-immobilized resin demonstrated better performance in the binding capacity, with a 3-fold improvement in capture efficiency, underscoring the advantages of the Spy immobilization strategy for oriented immobilization of VHSA ligands. Moreover, online purification and immobilization of SpyTagged VHSA from crude bacterial lysate was achieved using the cSC003-derivatized support. The resulting resin exhibited high binding specificity towards HSA, yielding a purity above 95 % directly from human serum, and maintained good stability throughout multiple purification cycles. These findings highlight the potential of the Spy immobilization strategy for developing Nb-based affinity chromatographic materials, with significant implications for biopharmaceutical downstream processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yongdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang L, Chen G, Zhang G, Fang Y, Zhu W, Xin Y. Construction of a highly efficient adsorbent for one-step purification of recombinant proteins: Functionalized cellulose-based monolith fabricated via phase separation method. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 335:122046. [PMID: 38616085 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Currently, purification step in the recombinant protein manufacture is still a great challenge and its cost far outweighs those of the upstream process. In this study, a functionalized cellulose-based monolith was constructed as an efficient affinity adsorbent for one-step purification of recombinant proteins. Firstly, the fundamental cellulose monolith (CE monolith) was fabricated based on thermally induced phase separation, followed by being modified with nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride through esterification to give NCE monolith. After chelating with Ni2+, the affinity adsorbent NCE-Ni2+ monolith was obtained, which was demonstrated to possess a hierarchically porous morphology with a relatively high surface area, porosity and compressive strength. The adsorption behavior of NCE-Ni2+ monolith towards β2-microglobulin with 6 N-terminus His-tag (His-β2M) was evaluated through batch and fixed-bed column experiments. The results revealed that NCE-Ni2+ monolith exhibited a relatively fast His-β2M adsorption rate with a maximum adsorption capacity of 329.2 mg/g. The fixed-bed column adsorption implied that NCE-Ni2+ monolith showed high efficiency for His-β2M adsorption. Finally, NCE-Ni2+ monolith was demonstrated to have an excellent His-β2M purification ability from E. coli lysate with exceptional reusability. Therefore, the resultant NCE-Ni2+ monolith had large potential to be used as an efficient adsorbent for recombinant protein purification in practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guronghua Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guozhi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yue Fang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu University Affiliated People's Hospital, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenjie Zhu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanrong Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fan Q, Zhao R, Chen Y, Chi L, Huang Y, Liu M, Shi G. Affinity purification of mAb from serum-containing hybridoma culture supernatant through a novel nanobody that discriminates mouse IgG from bovine IgG by recognizing the mouse kappa constant region (mCK). J Chromatogr A 2024; 1724:464929. [PMID: 38669942 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
When purifying mAb from serum-containing hybridoma culture supernatant, it is essential that mouse IgG remains free from contaminations of bovine IgG. However, the broadly used Protein A resin cannot achieve this goal due to binding between both mouse and bovine IgG. Here, a novel nanobody-based affinity purification magnetic beads that discriminates mouse IgG from bovine IgG was developed. To bind all subtypes of mouse IgG (IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3) that contain the kappa light chain, mCK (mouse kappa constant region)-specific nanobody binders were selected from an immune phage display VHH library; this library was constructed with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which were collected from Bactrian camels immunized with a mix of intact mouse IgGs (IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3). A novel clone that exhibited a higher expression level and a higher binding affinity was selected (4E6). Then, the 4E6 nanobody in the format of VHH-hFC (human Fc) was conjugated on magnetic beads with a maximal binding capacity of 15.41±0.69 mg mouse IgG/mL beads. Furthermore, no bovine IgG could be copurified from hybridoma culture supernatant with immunomagnetic beads. This approach is valuable for the large-scale in vitro production of highly pure antibodies by hybridoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Beijing Scipromed Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing 102200, PR China
| | - Yinuo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lida Chi
- Beijing Scipromed Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing 102200, PR China
| | - Yonglin Huang
- Beijing Scipromed Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing 102200, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Beijing Scipromed Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing 102200, PR China
| | - Guoqing Shi
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen J, Yao G, Huang C, Shen Q, Miao J, Jia L. Biparatopic Nanobody-Based Immunosorbent for the Highly Selective Elimination of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1788-1795. [PMID: 38364210 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Removing the overexpressed TNF-α by hemoperfusion positively affects clinical treatments for diseases such as autoimmune disease and sepsis. However, clearance ratios of adsorbents targeting TNF-α were limited by the extremely low concentration of TNF-α (mostly <1000 ng/L in sepsis) and hydrophobic interactions. In this work, biparatopic nanobodies (NbC21) with a high affinity of 19.9 pM, which bind to two distinct sites of TNF-α, were constructed as high-affinity ligands for the immunosorbent. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity estimated from the Langmuir isotherm was up to 18.22 mg/g gel. The prepared immunosorbent (NbC21-sorbent) had an outstanding TNF-α clearance ratio of approximately 96% during the dynamic adsorption test, with a sorbent-to-serum ratio of 1:1000. Additionally, it demonstrated favorable hemocompatibility and a prolonged storage capability. The results indicated that the biparatopic nanobody immunosorbent exhibited significant potential for clinical applications as it met the stringent criteria for both efficacy and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiewen Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangshuai Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Chundong Huang
- Kangyuan Biomedical Tech. (Dalian) Co., Ltd., Building 9, No. 57, Xinda Street, Dalian High-tech Zone, Dalian 116085, Liaoning, China
| | - Qidong Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Miao
- The Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, Liaoning, China
| | - Lingyun Jia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang X, Ji F, Jia L. Chimeric AQP4-based immunosorbent for highly-specific removal of AQP4-IgG from blood. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1717:464701. [PMID: 38310704 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Anti-aquaporin-4 autoantibodies (AQP4-IgG) are implicated in the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), and their removal from the blood circulation is considered to be an effective method for acute treatment. An ideal extracorporeal AQP4-IgG removal system should have high specificity, which means that it can selectively remove AQP4-IgG without affecting normal immunoglobulins. However, the conventional tryptophan immobilized column lacks sufficient specificity and cannot achieve this goal. In this study, we successfully prepared a fusion protein chimeric AQP4, which consists of the complete antigenic epitopes of human AQP4 and the constant region of scaffold protein DARPin. Chimeric AQP4 was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli, and then immobilized on agarose gel as a ligand for selective capture of AQP4-IgG immunosorbent. The prepared immunosorbent had a theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 20.48 mg/g gel estimated by Langmuir isotherm. In vitro plasma perfusion tests demonstrated that the chimeric AQP4 coupled adsorbent had remarkable adsorption performance, and could eliminate more than 85 % of AQP4-IgG under the gel-to-plasma ratio of 1:50. Moreover, it exhibited high specificity because other human plasma proteins were not adsorbed in the dynamic adsorption experiment. These results suggest that the chimeric AQP4 coupled immunosorbent can provide a new approach for specific immunoadsorption (IA) treatment of NMOSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Fangling Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
| | - Lingyun Jia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun Y, Xing L, Luo J, Yu MT, Wang XJ, Wang Y, Zhou TJ, Jiang HL. A Pro-Metastatic Derivatives Eliminator for In Vivo Dual-Removal of Circulating Tumor Cells and Tumor-Derived Exosomes Impedes their Biodistribution into Distant Organs. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304287. [PMID: 37867235 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) play an irreplaceable role in the metastatic cascade and preventing them from reaching distant organs via blood circulation helps to reduce the probability of cancer recurrence and metastasis. However, technologies that can simultaneously prevent CTCs and TDEs from reaching distant organs have not been thoroughly developed until now. Here, inspired by hemoperfusion, a pro-metastatic derivative eliminator (PMDE) is developed for the removal of both CTCs and TDEs from the peripheral blood, which also inhibits their biodistribution in distant organs. This device is designed with a dual antibody-modified immunosorbent filled into a capture column that draws peripheral blood out of the body to flow through the column to specifically capture CTCs and TDEs, followed by retransfusing the purified blood into the body. The PMDE can efficiently remove CTCs and TDEs from the peripheral blood and has excellent biocompatibility. Interestingly, the PMDE device can significantly inhibit the biodistribution of CTCs and TDEs in the lung and liver by scavenging them. This work provides a new perspective on anti-metastatic therapy and has broad prospects in clinical applications to prevent metastasis and recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ming-Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yao G, Ji F, Chen J, Dai B, Jia L. Nanobody-functionalized conduit with built-in static mixer for specific elimination of cytokines in hemoperfusion. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:260-271. [PMID: 37806373 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Removing excessively produced cytokines is of paramount significance in blood purification therapy for hypercytokinemia-associated diseases. In this study, we devised a conduit that is modified with nanobodies (Nb) and incorporates static mixers (Nb-SMC) to eliminate surplus cytokines from the bloodstream. The low-pressure-drop (LPD) static mixer, with each unit featuring two 90°-crossed blades, was strategically arranged in a tessellated pattern on the inner wall of the conduit to induce turbulent mixing effects during the flow of blood. This arrangement enhances mass transfer and molecular diffusion, thereby assisting in the identification and elimination of cytokines. By utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies, the Nb-SMC was rationally designed and prepared, ensuring an optimal interval between two mixer units (H/G = 2.5). The resulting Nb-SMC exhibited a remarkable selective clearance of IL-17A, reaching up to 85 %. Additionally, the process of Nb immobilization could be adjusted to achieve the simultaneous removal of multiple cytokines from the bloodstream. Notably, our Nb-SMC displayed good blood compatibility without potential adverse effects on the composition of human blood. As the sole documented static mixer-integrated conduit capable of selectively eliminating cytokines at their physiological concentrations, it holds promise in the clinical potential for hypercytokinemia in high-risk patients. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: High-efficient cytokines removal in critical care still remains a challenge. The conduit technique we proposed here is a brand-new strategy for cytokines removal in blood purification therapy. On the one hand, nanobody endows the conduit with specific recognition of cytokine, on the other hand, the build-in static mixer enhances the diffusion of antigenic cytokine to the ligand. The combination of these two has jointly achieved the efficient and specific removal of cytokine. This innovative material is the only reported artificial biomaterial capable of selectively eliminating multiple cytokines under conditions close to clinical practice. It has the potential to improve outcomes for patients with hypercytokinemia and reduce the risk of adverse events associated with current treatment modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangshuai Yao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Fangling Ji
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Jiewen Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Bingbing Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated with Dalian University of Technology, No.826, Xinan Road Dalian, 116033 Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lingyun Jia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang M, Liu X, Li X, Zhou W, Yu H, Wang S, Zhou L. A novel recyclable hemoperfusion adsorbent based on TiO 2 nanotube arrays for the selective removal of β 2-microglobulin. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7739-7749. [PMID: 37470708 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01037f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged and excessive accumulation of β2-microglobulin (β2m) in the blood can lead to various kidney-related and other diseases. Currently, the most effective method of removing β2m from the blood is hemoperfusion. Although some traditional hemoperfusion adsorbents such as cellulose and polystyrene microspheres have been used for the removal of β2m, their selectivity still needs improvement. Immunosorbents have been developed to address this issue, but high cost and limited application are concerns. TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNTAs) have shown great potential in adsorption-related biomedical applications. In this study, we designed and developed a novel TNTA-based hemoperfusion adsorbent for the removal of β2m, which has demonstrated good biocompatibility, selectivity, and reusability. We investigated the β2m adsorption capacities of TNTAs with different pore sizes. The results indicate that TNTAs with a pore size matching the size of β2m exhibit higher adsorption capacity while also having lower adsorption capacity for albumin, showing the importance of pore size on the selectivity of adsorbents. Additionally, green regeneration of TNTAs is achieved via the photocatalytic activity originating from TiO2. Even after five cycles, the adsorption capacity of TNTAs remained above 70%. Our work demonstrates that inorganic materials with ordered pores are capable to be candidates for hemoperfusion, possessing advantages over traditional organic materials such as high stability, security, and low cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xinjie Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xiaofan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Wan Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Huibin Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Shenqi Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Miller JE, Castells-Graells R, Arbing MA, Munoz A, Jiang YX, Espinoza CT, Nguyen B, Moroz P, Yeates TO. Design of Beta-2 Microglobulin Adsorbent Protein Nanoparticles. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1122. [PMID: 37509158 PMCID: PMC10377675 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) is an immune system protein that is found on the surface of all nucleated human cells. B2M is naturally shed from cell surfaces into the plasma, followed by renal excretion. In patients with impaired renal function, B2M will accumulate in organs and tissues leading to significantly reduced life expectancy and quality of life. While current hemodialysis methods have been successful in managing electrolyte as well as small and large molecule disturbances arising in chronic renal failure, they have shown only modest success in managing plasma levels of B2M and similar sized proteins, while sparing important proteins such as albumin. We describe a systematic protein design effort aimed at adding the ability to selectively remove specific, undesired waste proteins such as B2M from the plasma of chronic renal failure patients. A novel nanoparticle built using a tetrahedral protein assembly as a scaffold that presents 12 copies of a B2M-binding nanobody is described. The designed nanoparticle binds specifically to B2M through protein-protein interactions with nanomolar binding affinity (~4.2 nM). Notably, binding to the nanoparticle increases the effective size of B2M by over 50-fold, offering a potential selective avenue for separation based on size. We present data to support the potential utility of such a nanoparticle for removing B2M from plasma by either size-based filtration or by polyvalent binding to a stationary matrix under blood flow conditions. Such applications could address current shortcomings in the management of problematic mid-sized proteins in chronic renal failure patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin E. Miller
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Mark A. Arbing
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Aldo Munoz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yi-Xiao Jiang
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Charlize T. Espinoza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brian Nguyen
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Paul Moroz
- School of Medicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Todd O. Yeates
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guilbaud A, Pecorari F. Construction of Synthetic VHH Libraries in Ribosome Display Format. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2681:19-31. [PMID: 37405640 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3279-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-domain antibodies, or VHH, represent an attractive molecular basis to design affinity proteins with favorable properties. Beyond high affinity and specificity for their cognate target, they usually show high stability and high production yields in bacteria, yeast, or mammalian cells. In addition to these favorable properties, their ease of engineering makes them useful for many applications. Until the past few years, the generation of VHH involved the immunization of a Camelidae with the target antigen, followed by a phage display selection using phage libraries encoding the VHH repertoire of the animal blood sample. However, this approach is constrained by the accessibility to the animals, and the output relies on the animal's immune system.Recently, synthetic VHH libraries have been designed to avoid the use of animals. Here, we describe the construction of VHH combinatorial libraries and their use for the selection of binders by ribosome display, a fully in vitro selection technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Guilbaud
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Pecorari
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tillib SV, Goryainova OS, Sachko AM, Ivanova TI, Gaas MY, Vorob’ev NV, Kaprin AD, Shegay PV. Single-Domain Antibodies Used to Pretreat the Human Urinary Proteome in Cancer Biomarker Testing. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322040124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
12
|
Ren J, Xiong H, Huang C, Ji F, Jia L. An engineered peptide tag-specific nanobody for immunoaffinity chromatography application enabling efficient product recovery at mild conditions. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
13
|
Nanobody-based polyvinyl alcohol beads as antifouling adsorbents for selective removal of tumor necrosis factor-α. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
14
|
Li D, Peng Q, Huang C, Zang B, Ren J, Ji F, Muyldermans S, Jia L. Cytoplasmic Expression of Nanobodies with Formylglycine Generating Enzyme Tag and Conversion to a Bio-Orthogonal Aldehyde Group. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2446:357-371. [PMID: 35157283 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2075-5_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanobodies (Nbs) can be successfully retrieved following phage, bacterial, yeast, or ribosome display of immune, synthetic, or naïve libraries. However, after panning, multiple individual Nb clones need to be screened and assessed for solubility, antigen specificity, affinity, and potential biological function. Therefore, it is highly desirable to have a convenient expression strategy to obtain sufficient protein for in-depth characterization of the Nbs. The presence of a purification and detection tag, as well as a chemically reactive group to enable simple generation of Nb derivatives, would be of great help in this regard. Here, we provide a general protocol for high yield cytoplasmic expression and purification of formylglycine generating enzyme (FGE)-tagged Nbs. The cysteine within the FGE tag is easily converted to formylglycine by passing the FGE-tag containing Nb over a continuous-flow bio-catalysis system. The aldehyde group within the formylglycine side chain at the C-terminal end of the Nb is suitably located for subsequent bio-orthogonal reactions to fluorescent dyes, biotin, polyethylene glycol, or chromatography resins. We also include methods for production of high yield recombinant FGE, as well as conditions for its immobilization on Sepharose to produce the continuous-flow bio-catalysis system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chungdong Huang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Berlin Zang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Fangling Ji
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lingyun Jia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yao G, Huang C, Ji F, Ren J, Zang B, Jia L. Nanobody-loaded immunosorbent for highly-specific removal of interleukin-17A from blood. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1654:462478. [PMID: 34450522 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Elimination of overproduced cytokines from blood can relieve immune system disorders caused by hypercytokinemia. Due to the central roles of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) plays in regulating the immunity and inflammatory responses in humans, here, a novel immunosorbent containing anti-IL-17A nanobodies (Nbs) was constructed for IL-17A removal from blood. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity estimated from the Langmuir isotherm is up to 11.55 mg/g gel, which is almost consistent with the saturated adsorption capacity determined in dynamic adsorption. The in vitro plasma perfusion test demonstrated a remarkable adsorptive performance of the Nb-coupled sorbent since more than 75% IL-17A could be eliminated under the plasma/sorbent ratio of 1000:1. These results indicated the Nb-loaded immunosorbent can provide a simple and economic platform technology for immunoaffinity depletion of single or even multiple cytokines from plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangshuai Yao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Chundong Huang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Fangling Ji
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Jun Ren
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Berlin Zang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Lingyun Jia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kambe Y, Kuwahara K, Sato M, Nakaoki T, Yamaoka T. Enhanced β2-microglobulin binding of a "navigator" molecule bearing a single-chain variable fragment antibody for artificial switching of metabolic processing pathways. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5551-5558. [PMID: 34231557 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00385b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Kidney dysfunction increases the blood levels of β2-microglobulin (β2-m), triggering dialysis-related amyloidosis. Previously, we developed a navigator molecule, consisting of a fusion protein of the N-terminal domain of apolipoprotein E (ApoE NTD) and the α3 domain of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC α3), for switching the metabolic processing pathway of β2-m from the kidneys to the liver. However, the β2-m binding of ApoE NTD-MHC α3 was impaired in the blood. In the current study, we replaced the β2-m binding part of the navigator protein (MHC α3) with an anti-β2-m single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody. The resultant ApoE NTD-scFv exhibited better β2-m binding than ApoE NTD-MHC α3 in buffer, and even in serum. Similar to ApoE NTD-MHC α3, in the mice model ApoE NTD-scFv bound to the liver cells' surfaces in vitro and accumulated mainly in the liver, when complexed with 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC). Both ApoE NTD-MHC α3 + DMPC and ApoE NTD-scFv + DMPC significantly switched the β2-m accumulation in mice from the kidneys to the liver, but only the ApoE NTD-scFv + DMPC group showed a significantly higher ratio of β2-m accumulation in the liver versus the kidneys, compared with the control group. These results suggest that the enhanced β2-m binding activity of the navigator molecule increased the efficiency of switching the metabolic processing pathway of the etiologic factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kambe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center (NCVC) Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Ken Kuwahara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center (NCVC) Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan. and Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu 520-2194, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Sato
- Animal Bioregulation Unit, Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan
| | - Takahiko Nakaoki
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu 520-2194, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center (NCVC) Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wanner N, Eden T, Liaukouskaya N, Koch-Nolte F. Nanobodies: new avenue to treat kidney disease. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:445-456. [PMID: 34131806 PMCID: PMC8205650 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current therapeutic options for renal diseases are limited, and the search for disease-specific treatments is ongoing. Nanobodies, single-domain antibodies with many advantages over conventional antibodies, provide flexible, easy-to-format biologicals with many possible applications. Here, we discuss the potential use of nanobodies for renal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Wanner
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Eden
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nastassia Liaukouskaya
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li D, Ren J, Ji F, Peng Q, Teng H, Jia L. Peptide Linker Affecting the Activity Retention Rate of VHH in Immunosorbents. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121610. [PMID: 33261088 PMCID: PMC7760621 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
VHH-based immunosorbents are an emerging and promising tool for the removal of toxic substances from plasma. However, the small size of VHHs is a double-edged sword, bringing both benefits and drawbacks to the immunosorbent. The small size of the VHH allows a higher coupling density, while the closer distance to the resin might create steric hindrance for paratope access. The latter could be avoided by inserting a linker between the VHH and the gel attachment site. Here, we report an approach to improve the activity retention of the immobilized VHH by selecting suitable linkers between the VHH and the site-specific immobilization site on the resin. Seven peptide linkers differing in length and flexibility were fused to the VHH and contained the formylglycine generating enzyme (FGE) recognition sequence. These constructs were expressed in the cytoplasm of bacteria and purified, the VHH production yield and affinity for its cognate antigen was measured. Furthermore, the fGly conversion, the immobilization of the aldehyde-containing nanobodies, the immobilization on resin and the antigen binding activity of the VHH-based immunoadsorbents was monitored. The VHH with longer and rigid, proline-rich linkers exhibited good expression yield of approximately 160 mg/L of culture, a fGly conversion of up to 100%, and the highest activity retention rate of more than 68%. This study unveiled two suitable linkers for the preparation of VHH-based immunosorbents that will assist the development of their clinical application.
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Unique, functional, homodimeric heavy chain-only antibodies, devoid of light chains, are circulating in the blood of Camelidae. These antibodies recognize their cognate antigen via one single domain, known as VHH or Nanobody. This serendipitous discovery made three decades ago has stimulated a growing number of researchers to generate highly specific Nanobodies against a myriad of targets. The small size, strict monomeric state, robustness, and easy tailoring of these Nanobodies have inspired many groups to design innovative Nanobody-based multi-domain constructs to explore novel applications. As such, Nanobodies have been employed as an exquisite research tool in structural, cell, and developmental biology. Furthermore, Nanobodies have demonstrated their benefit for more sensitive diagnostic tests. Finally, several Nanobody-based constructs have been designed to develop new therapeutic products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serge Muyldermans
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; .,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|