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Thomasy SM, Leonard BC, Greiner MA, Skeie JM, Raghunathan VK. Squishy matters - Corneal mechanobiology in health and disease. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 99:101234. [PMID: 38176611 PMCID: PMC11193890 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2023.101234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The cornea, as a dynamic and responsive tissue, constantly interacts with mechanical forces in order to maintain its structural integrity, barrier function, transparency and refractive power. Cells within the cornea sense and respond to various mechanical forces that fundamentally regulate their morphology and fate in development, homeostasis and pathophysiology. Corneal cells also dynamically regulate their extracellular matrix (ECM) with ensuing cell-ECM crosstalk as the matrix serves as a dynamic signaling reservoir providing biophysical and biochemical cues to corneal cells. Here we provide an overview of mechanotransduction signaling pathways then delve into the recent advances in corneal mechanobiology, focusing on the interplay between mechanical forces and responses of the corneal epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells. We also identify species-specific differences in corneal biomechanics and mechanotransduction to facilitate identification of optimal animal models to study corneal wound healing, disease, and novel therapeutic interventions. Finally, we identify key knowledge gaps and therapeutic opportunities in corneal mechanobiology that are pressing for the research community to address especially pertinent within the domains of limbal stem cell deficiency, keratoconus and Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy. By furthering our understanding corneal mechanobiology, we can contextualize discoveries regarding corneal diseases as well as innovative treatments for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Thomasy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, United States; California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, United States.
| | - Brian C Leonard
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mark A Greiner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, IA, United States
| | - Jessica M Skeie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, IA, United States
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2
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Subramanian D, Tjahjono N, Hernandez PA, Varner VD, Petroll WM, Schmidtke DW. Fabrication of Micropatterns of Aligned Collagen Fibrils. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2551-2561. [PMID: 38277615 PMCID: PMC11001481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Many tissues in vivo contain aligned structures such as filaments, fibrils, and fibers, which expose cells to anisotropic structural and topographical cues that range from the nanometer to micrometer scales. Understanding how cell behavior is regulated by these cues during physiological and pathological processes (e.g., wound healing, cancer invasion) requires substrates that can expose cells to anisotropic cues over several length scales. In this study, we developed a novel method of fabricating micropatterns of aligned collagen fibrils of different geometry onto PDMS-coated glass coverslips that allowed us to investigate the roles of topography and confinement on corneal cell behavior. When corneal cells were cultured on micropatterns of aligned collagen fibrils in the absence of confinement, the degree of cell alignment increased from 40 ± 14 to 82 ± 5% as the size of the micropattern width decreased from 750 to 50 μm. Although the cell area (∼2500 μm2), cell length (∼160 μm), and projected nuclear area (∼175 μm2) were relatively constant on the different micropattern widths, cells displayed an increased aspect ratio as the width of the aligned collagen fibril micropatterns decreased. We also observed that the morphology of cells adhering to the surrounding uncoated PDMS was dependent upon both the size of the aligned collagen fibril micropattern and the distance from the micropatterns. When corneal cells were confined to the micropatterns of aligned collagen fibrils by a Pluronic coating to passivate the surrounding area, a similar trend in increasing cell alignment was observed (35 ± 10 to 89 ± 2%). However, the projected nuclear area decreased significantly (∼210 to 130 μm2) as the micropattern width decreased from 750 to 50 μm. The development of this method allows for the deposition of aligned collagen fibril micropatterns of different geometries on a transparent and elastic substrate and provides an excellent model system to investigate the role of anisotropic cues in cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Subramanian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
| | - Nathaniel Tjahjono
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
| | - Paula A. Hernandez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
| | - Victor D. Varner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
| | - W. Matthew Petroll
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
| | - David W. Schmidtke
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
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3
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Xu C, Xiao X, Hu W, Zhu L, Kou H, Zhang J, Wei B, Wang H. Ultrahigh pressure field: A friendly pathway for regulating the cellular adhesion and migration capacity of collagen. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:127864. [PMID: 37939762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Customized control of the biological response between the material matrix and cells is a crucial aspect in the development of the next generation of collagen materials. This study aims to investigate the effects of ultrahigh pressure treatment on the interaction between collagen and cells by subjecting bovine tendon collagen to different intensities of ultrahigh pressure field. The results indicate that ultrahigh pressure treatment alters the spatial folding of collagen, causing distortion of its triple helical conformation and exposing more free amino groups and hydrophobic regions. As a result, collagen's cell adhesion capability and ability to promote cell migration are significantly enhanced. Optimal cell adhesion and migration capabilities are observed in collagen samples treated at 500 MPa for 15 min. However, further increasing the intensity of the ultrahigh pressure treatment leads to severe damage to the triple-helical structure of collagen, along with re-aggregation of free amino groups and hydrophobic moieties, thereby reducing collagen's cell adhesion capability and ability to promote cell migration. Therefore, ultrahigh pressure treatment offers a promising method to effectively regulate collagen-cell adhesion and promote cell migration without the need for external components. This provides a potential means for the customized enhancement of collagen-based material interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lian Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huizhi Kou
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Benmei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei, China.
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4
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Chen Z, Liu X, You J, Tomaskovic-Crook E, Yue Z, Talaei A, Sutton G, Crook J, Wallace G. Electro-compacted collagen for corneal epithelial tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1151-1160. [PMID: 36651651 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioengineered corneal substitutes offer a solution to the shortage of donor corneal tissue worldwide. As one of the major structural components of the cornea, collagen has shown great potential for tissue-engineered cornea substitutes. Herein, free-standing collagen membranes fabricated using electro-compaction were assessed in corneal bioengineering application by comparing them with nonelectro-compacted collagen (NECC). The well-organized and biomimetic fibril structure resulted in a significant improvement in mechanical properties. A 10-fold increase in tensile and compressive modulus was recorded when compared with NECC membranes. In addition to comparable transparency in the visible light range, the glucose permeability of the electro-compacted collagen (ECC) membrane is higher than that of the native human cornea. Human corneal epithelial cells adhere and proliferate well on the ECC membrane, with a large cell contact area observed. The as-described ECC has appropriate structural, topographic, mechanical, optical, glucose permeable, and cell support properties to provide a platform for a bioengineered cornea; including the outer corneal epithelium and potentially deeper corneal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiao Liu
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jingjing You
- Lions New South Wales Eye Bank and New South Wales Bone Bank, New South Wales Organ and Tissue Donation Service, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eva Tomaskovic-Crook
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia
- Arto Hardy Family Biomedical Innovation Hub, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhilian Yue
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alireza Talaei
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gerard Sutton
- Lions New South Wales Eye Bank and New South Wales Bone Bank, New South Wales Organ and Tissue Donation Service, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Chatswood Clinic, Vision Eye Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeremy Crook
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia
- Arto Hardy Family Biomedical Innovation Hub, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gordon Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia
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Abstract
Collagen is commonly used as a regenerative biomaterial due to its excellent biocompatibility and wide distribution in tissues. Different kinds of hybridization or cross-links are favored to offer improvements to satisfy various needs of biomedical applications. Previous reviews have been made to introduce the sources and structures of collagen. In addition, biological and mechanical properties of collagen-based biomaterials, their modification and application forms, and their interactions with host tissues are pinpointed. However, there is still no review about collagen-based biomaterials for tissue engineering. Therefore, we aim to summarize and discuss the progress of collagen-based materials for tissue regeneration applications in this review. We focus on the utilization of collagen-based biomaterials for bones, cartilages, skin, dental, neuron, cornea, and urological applications and hope these experiences and outcomes can provide inspiration and practical techniques for the future development of collagen-based biomaterials in related application fields. Moreover, future improving directions and challenges for collagen-based biomaterials are proposed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Zhengke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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6
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He B, Wang J, Xie M, Xu M, Zhang Y, Hao H, Xing X, Lu W, Han Q, Liu W. 3D printed biomimetic epithelium/stroma bilayer hydrogel implant for corneal regeneration. Bioact Mater 2022; 17:234-247. [PMID: 35386466 PMCID: PMC8965162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal regeneration has always been a challenge due to its sophisticated structure and undesirable keratocyte-fibroblast transformation. Herein, we propose 3D printing of a biomimetic epithelium/stroma bilayer implant for corneal regeneration. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and long-chain poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) are blended to form a two-component ink, which can be printed to different mechanically robust programmed PEGDA-GelMA objects by Digital Light Processing (DLP) printing technology, due to the toughening effect of crystalline crosslinks from long-chain PEGDA on GelMA hydrogel after photo-initiated copolymerization. The printed PEGDA-GelMA hydrogels support cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, meanwhile demonstrating a high light transmittance, and an appropriate swelling degree, nutrient permeation and degradation rate. A bi-layer dome-shaped corneal scaffold consisting of rabbit corneal epithelial cells (rCECs)-laden epithelia layer and rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rASCs)-laden orthogonally aligned fibrous stroma layer can be printed out with a high fidelity and robustly surgical handling ability. This bi-layer cells-laden corneal scaffold is applied in a rabbit keratoplasty model. The post-operative outcome reveals efficient sealing of corneal defects, re-epithelialization and stromal regeneration. The concerted effects of microstructure of 3D printed corneal scaffold and precisely located cells in epithelia and stroma layer provide an optimal topographical and biological microenvironment for corneal regeneration. Crystalline microphase of long PEGDA is employed to toughen GelMA hydrogel. A bi-layer dome-shaped robust hydrogel-based biomimetic corneal scaffold is printed. The 3D printed cornea implant can efficiently repair the rabbits' corneal defect.
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7
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Collagen Alignment via Electro-Compaction for Biofabrication Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204270. [PMID: 36297848 PMCID: PMC9609630 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most prevalent structural protein in the extracellular matrix, collagen has been extensively investigated for biofabrication-based applications. However, its utilisation has been impeded due to a lack of sufficient mechanical toughness and the inability of the scaffold to mimic complex natural tissues. The anisotropic alignment of collagen fibres has been proven to be an effective method to enhance its overall mechanical properties and produce biomimetic scaffolds. This review introduces the complicated scenario of collagen structure, fibril arrangement, type, function, and in addition, distribution within the body for the enhancement of collagen-based scaffolds. We describe and compare existing approaches for the alignment of collagen with a sharper focus on electro-compaction. Additionally, various effective processes to further enhance electro-compacted collagen, such as crosslinking, the addition of filler materials, and post-alignment fabrication techniques, are discussed. Finally, current challenges and future directions for the electro-compaction of collagen are presented, providing guidance for the further development of collagenous scaffolds for bioengineering and nanotechnology.
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8
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Chen Y, Sun X, Peng Y, Eichenbaum JV, Ren L, Liu Y. Effects of Different Radiation Sources on the Performance of Collagen-Based Corneal Repair Materials and Macrophage Polarization. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22559-22566. [PMID: 35811904 PMCID: PMC9260758 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the lack of donor corneas, there is an urgent need for suitable corneal substitutes. As the main component of the corneal stroma, collagen has great advantages as a corneal repair material. If there are microorganisms such as bacteria in the corneal repair material, it may induce postoperative infection, causing the failure of corneal transplantation. Therefore, irradiation, as a common sterilization method, is often used to control the microorganisms in the material. However, it has not been reported which type of radiation source and what doses can sterilize more effectively without affecting the properties of collagen-based corneal repair materials (CCRMs) and have a positive impact on macrophage polarization. In this study, three different radiation sources of ultraviolet, cobalt-60, and electron beam at four different doses of 2, 5, 8, and 10 kGy were used to irradiate CCRMs. The swelling, stretching, transmittance, and degradation of the irradiated CCRMs were characterized, and the proliferation of human corneal epithelial cells on the irradiated CCRMs was characterized using the CCK8 kit. The results showed that low dose (<5 kGy) of radiation had little effect on the performance of CCRMs. Three irradiation methods with less influence were selected for the further study on RAW264.7 macrophage polarization. The results indicated that CCRMs treated with UV could downregulate the expression of pro-inflammatory related genes and upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory genes in macrophages, which indicated that UV irradiation is a beneficial process for the preparation of CCRMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Guangzhou
Redsun Gas Appliance Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510460, P. R.
China
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yuehai Peng
- School
of Biological Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - James Valenti Eichenbaum
- Viterbi
School of Engineering, University of Southern
California, Los
Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Li Ren
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yanchun Liu
- Guangzhou
Redsun Gas Appliance Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510460, P. R.
China
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9
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Ahmed A, Mansouri M, Joshi IM, Byerley AM, Day SW, Gaborski TR, Abhyankar VV. Local extensional flows promote long-range fiber alignment in 3D collagen hydrogels. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35735228 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac7824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Randomly oriented type I collagen (COL1) fibers in the extracellular matrix are reorganized by biophysical forces into aligned domains extending several millimeters and with varying degrees of fiber alignment. These aligned fibers can transmit traction forces, guide tumor cell migration, facilitate angiogenesis, and influence tissue morphogenesis. To create aligned COL1 domains in microfluidic cell culture models, shear flows have been used to align thin COL1 matrices (<50µm in height) in a microchannel. However, there has been limited investigation into the role of shear flows in aligning 3D hydrogels (>130µm). Here, we show that pure shear flows do not induce fiber alignment in 3D atelo COL1 hydrogels, but the simple addition of local extensional flow promotes alignment that is maintained across several millimeters, with a degree of alignment directly related to the extensional strain rate. We further advance experimental capabilities by addressing the practical challenge of accessing a 3D hydrogel formed within a microchannel by introducing a magnetically coupled modular platform that can be released to expose the microengineered hydrogel. We demonstrate the platform's capability to pattern cells and fabricate multi-layered COL1 matrices using layer-by-layer fabrication and specialized modules. Our approach provides an easy-to-use fabrication method to achieve advanced hydrogel microengineering capabilities that combine fiber alignment with biofabrication capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, United States of America
| | - Mehran Mansouri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, United States of America
| | - Indranil M Joshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, United States of America
| | - Ann M Byerley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, United States of America
| | - Steven W Day
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, United States of America
| | - Thomas R Gaborski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, United States of America
| | - Vinay V Abhyankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, United States of America
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10
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Characterization of Taurine/Silk Fibroin Blend Film for Application as a Carrier for Corneal Endothelial Cell Transplantation. Macromol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-022-0033-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Jameson JF, Pacheco MO, Nguyen HH, Phelps EA, Stoppel WL. Recent Advances in Natural Materials for Corneal Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:161. [PMID: 34821727 PMCID: PMC8615221 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the incidence of corneal dysfunctions and diseases worldwide and the limited availability of healthy, human donors, investigators are working to generate engineered cellular and acellular therapeutic approaches as alternatives to corneal transplants from human cadavers. These engineered strategies aim to address existing complications with human corneal transplants, including graft rejection, infection, and complications resulting from surgical methodologies. The main goals of these research endeavors are to (1) determine ideal mechanical properties, (2) devise methodologies to improve the efficacy of engineered corneal grafts and cell-based therapies, and (3) optimize transplantation of engineered tissue structures in the eye. Thus, recent innovations have sought to address these challenges through both in vitro and in vivo studies. This review covers recent work aimed at evaluating engineered materials, potential therapeutic cells, and the resulting cell-material interactions that lead to optimal corneal graft properties. Furthermore, we discuss promising strategies in corneal tissue engineering techniques and in vivo studies in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie F. Jameson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (J.F.J.); (M.O.P.)
| | - Marisa O. Pacheco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (J.F.J.); (M.O.P.)
| | - Henry H. Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Edward A. Phelps
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Whitney L. Stoppel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (J.F.J.); (M.O.P.)
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12
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Shaping collagen for engineering hard tissues: Towards a printomics approach. Acta Biomater 2021; 131:41-61. [PMID: 34192571 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hard tissue engineering has evolved over the past decades, with multiple approaches being explored and developed. Despite the rapid development and success of advanced 3D cell culture, 3D printing technologies and material developments, a gold standard approach to engineering and regenerating hard tissue substitutes such as bone, dentin and cementum, has not yet been realised. One such strategy that differs from conventional regenerative medicine approach of other tissues, is the in vitro mineralisation of collagen templates in the absence of cells. Collagen is the most abundant protein within the human body and forms the basis of all hard tissues. Once mineralised, collagen provides important support and protection to humans, for example in the case of bone tissue. Multiple in vitro fabrication strategies and mineralisation approaches have been developed and their success in facilitating mineral deposition on collagen to achieve bone-like scaffolds evaluated. Critical to the success of such fabrication and biomineralisation approaches is the collagen template, and its chemical composition, organisation, and density. The key factors that influence such properties are the collagen processing and fabrication techniques utilised to create the template, and the mineralisation strategy employed to deposit mineral on and throughout the templates. However, despite its importance, relatively little attention has been placed on these two critical factors. Here, we critically examine the processing, fabrication and mineralisation strategies that have been used to mineralise collagen templates, and offer insights and perspectives on the most promising strategies for creating mineralised collagen scaffolds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this review, we highlight the critical need to fabricate collagen templates with advanced processing techniques, in a manner that achieves biomimicry of the hierarchical collagen structure, prior to utilising in vitro mineralisation strategies. To this end, we focus on the initial collagen that is selected, the extraction techniques used and the native fibril forming potential retained to create reconstituted collagen scaffolds. This review synthesises current best practises in material sourcing, processing, mineralisation strategies and fabrication techniques, and offers insights into how these can best be exploited in future studies to successfully mineralise collagen templates.
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13
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Song Y, Overmass M, Fan J, Hodge C, Sutton G, Lovicu FJ, You J. Application of Collagen I and IV in Bioengineering Transparent Ocular Tissues. Front Surg 2021; 8:639500. [PMID: 34513910 PMCID: PMC8427501 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.639500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagens represent a major group of structural proteins expressed in different tissues and display distinct and variable properties. Whilst collagens are non-transparent in the skin, they confer transparency in the cornea and crystalline lens of the eye. There are 28 types of collagen that all share a common triple helix structure yet differ in the composition of their α-chains leading to their different properties. The different organization of collagen fibers also contributes to the variable tissue morphology. The important ability of collagen to form different tissues has led to the exploration and application of collagen as a biomaterial. Collagen type I (Col-I) and collagen type IV (Col-IV) are the two primary collagens found in corneal and lens tissues. Both collagens provide structure and transparency, essential for a clear vision. This review explores the application of these two collagen types as novel biomaterials in bioengineering unique tissue that could be used to treat a variety of ocular diseases leading to blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Song
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Morgan Overmass
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jiawen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chris Hodge
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- New South Wales (NSW) Tissue Bank, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Vision Eye Institute, Chatswood, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerard Sutton
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- New South Wales (NSW) Tissue Bank, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Vision Eye Institute, Chatswood, NSW, Australia
| | - Frank J. Lovicu
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jingjing You
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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14
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Baird PN, Machin H, Brown KD. Corneal supply and the use of technology to reduce its demand: A review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 49:1078-1090. [PMID: 34310836 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recovery and access to end-of-life corneal tissue for corneal transplantation, training and research is globally maldistributed. The reasons for the maldistribution are complex and multifaceted, and not well defined or understood. Currently there are few solutions available to effectively address these issues. This review provides an overview of the system, key issues impacting recovery and allocation and emphasises how end-user ophthalmologists and researchers, with support from administrators and the wider sector, can assist in increasing access long-term through sustaining eye banks nationally and globally. We posit that prevention measures and improved surgical techniques, together with the development of novel therapies will play a significant role in reducing demand and enhance the equitable allocation of corneas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Baird
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heather Machin
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Lions Eye Donation Service, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karl D Brown
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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15
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Öztürk-Öncel MÖ, Erkoc-Biradli FZ, Rasier R, Marcali M, Elbuken C, Garipcan B. Rose petal topography mimicked poly(dimethylsiloxane) substrates for enhanced corneal endothelial cell behavior. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 126:112147. [PMID: 34082958 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Low proliferation capacity of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) and worldwide limitations in transplantable donor tissues reveal the critical need of a robust approach for in vitro CEC growth. However, preservation of CEC-specific phenotype with increased proliferation has been a great challenge. Here we offer a biomimetic cell substrate design, by optimizing mechanical, topographical and biochemical characteristics of materials with CEC microenvironment. We showed the surprising similarity between topographical features of white rose petals and corneal endothelium due to hexagonal cell shapes and physiologically relevant cell density (≈ 2000 cells/mm2). Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates with replica of white rose petal topography and cornea-friendly Young's modulus (211.85 ± 74.9 kPa) were functionalized with two of the important corneal extracellular matrix (ECM) components, collagen IV (COL 4) and hyaluronic acid (HA). White rose petal patterned and COL 4 modified PDMS with optimized stiffness provided enhanced bovine CEC response with higher density monolayers and increased phenotypic marker expression. This biomimetic approach demonstrates a successful platform to improve in vitro cell substrate properties of PDMS for corneal applications, suggesting an alternative environment for CEC-based therapies, drug toxicity investigations, microfluidics and organ-on-chip applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rıfat Rasier
- Department of Ophthalmology, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Marcali
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Caglar Elbuken
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Bora Garipcan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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16
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Harley W, Yoshie H, Gentile C. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in Down Under: 2020 Australian Workshop Summary. ASAIO J 2021; 67:363-369. [PMID: 33741790 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- William Harley
- From the Collins BioMicrosystems Laboratory (CBML), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Carmine Gentile
- School of Biomedical Engineering/FEIT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School/Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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17
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Hancox Z, Heidari Keshel S, Yousaf S, Saeinasab M, Shahbazi MA, Sefat F. The progress in corneal translational medicine. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:6469-6504. [PMID: 33174878 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01209b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cornea tissue is in high demand by tissue donation centres globally, and thus tissue engineering cornea, which is the main topic of corneal translational medicine, can serve as a limitless alternative to a donated human cornea tissue. Tissue engineering aims to produce solutions to the challenges associated with conventional cornea tissue, including transplantation and use of human amniotic membrane (HAM), which have issues with storage and immune rejection in patients. Accordingly, by carefully selecting biomaterials and fabrication methods to produce these therapeutic tissues, the demand for cornea tissue can be met, with an improved healing outcome for recipients with less associated harmful risks. In this review paper, we aim to present the recent advancements in the research and clinical applications of cornea tissue, applications including biomaterial selection, fabrication methods, scaffold structure, cellular response to these scaffolds, and future advancements of these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Hancox
- Department of Biomedical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
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