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Schmidt EJ, Olson G, Tokuda J, Alipour A, Watkins RD, Meyer EM, Elahi H, Stevenson WG, Schweitzer J, Dumoulin CL, Johnson T, Kolandaivelu A, Loew W, Halperin HR. Intracardiac MR imaging (ICMRI) guiding-sheath with amplified expandable-tip imaging and MR-tracking for navigation and arrythmia ablation monitoring: Swine testing at 1.5 and 3T. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:2885-2900. [PMID: 35142398 PMCID: PMC8957513 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Develop a deflectable intracardiac MR imaging (ICMRI) guiding-sheath to accelerate imaging during MR-guided electrophysiological (EP) interventions for radiofrequency (500 kHz) ablation (RFA) of arrythmia. Requirements include imaging at three to five times surface-coil SNR in cardiac chambers, vascular insertion, steerable-active-navigation into cardiac chambers, operation with ablation catheters, and safe levels of MR-induced heating. METHODS ICMRI's 6 mm outer-diameter (OD) metallic-braided shaft had a 2.6 mm OD internal lumen for ablation-catheter insertion. Miniature-Baluns (MBaluns) on ICMRI's 1 m shaft reduced body-coil-induced heating. Distal section was a folded "star"-shaped imaging-coil mounted on an expandable frame, with an integrated miniature low-noise-amplifier overcoming cable losses. A handle-activated movable-shaft expanded imaging-coil to 35 mm OD for imaging within cardiac-chambers. Four MR-tracking micro-coils enabled navigation and motion-compensation, assuming a tetrahedron-shape when expanded. A second handle-lever enabled distal-tip deflection. ICMRI with a protruding deflectable EP catheter were used for MR-tracked navigation and RFA using a dedicated 3D-slicer user-interface. ICMRI was tested at 3T and 1.5T in swine to evaluate (a) heating, (b) cardiac-chamber access, (c) imaging field-of-view and SNR, and (d) intraprocedural RFA lesion monitoring. RESULTS The 3T and 1.5T imaging SNR demonstrated >400% SNR boost over a 4 × 4 × 4 cm3 FOV in the heart, relative to body and spine arrays. ICMRI with MBaluns met ASTM/IEC heating limits during navigation. Tip-deflection allowed navigating ICMRI and EP catheter into atria and ventricles. Acute-lesion long-inversion-time-T1-weighted 3D-imaging (TWILITE) ablation-monitoring using ICMRI required 5:30 min, half the time needed with surface arrays alone. CONCLUSION ICMRI assisted EP-catheter navigation to difficult targets and accelerated RFA monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehud J. Schmidt
- Medicine (Cardiology)Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Gregory Olson
- Cardiac Arrhythmia and Heart Failure DivisionAbbott LaboratoriesMinnetonkaMinnesotaUSA
| | - Junichi Tokuda
- RadiologyBrigham and Women’s HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Akbar Alipour
- Medicine (Cardiology)Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | | | - Eric M. Meyer
- Medicine (Cardiology)Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Hassan Elahi
- Medicine (Cardiology)Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | | | - Jeffrey Schweitzer
- Cardiac Arrhythmia and Heart Failure DivisionAbbott LaboratoriesMinnetonkaMinnesotaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Wolfgang Loew
- RadiologyCincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA
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Li L, Zimmer VA, Schnabel JA, Zhuang X. Medical image analysis on left atrial LGE MRI for atrial fibrillation studies: A review. Med Image Anal 2022; 77:102360. [PMID: 35124370 PMCID: PMC7614005 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2022.102360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (LGE MRI) is commonly used to visualize and quantify left atrial (LA) scars. The position and extent of LA scars provide important information on the pathophysiology and progression of atrial fibrillation (AF). Hence, LA LGE MRI computing and analysis are essential for computer-assisted diagnosis and treatment stratification of AF patients. Since manual delineations can be time-consuming and subject to intra- and inter-expert variability, automating this computing is highly desired, which nevertheless is still challenging and under-researched. This paper aims to provide a systematic review on computing methods for LA cavity, wall, scar, and ablation gap segmentation and quantification from LGE MRI, and the related literature for AF studies. Specifically, we first summarize AF-related imaging techniques, particularly LGE MRI. Then, we review the methodologies of the four computing tasks in detail and summarize the validation strategies applied in each task as well as state-of-the-art results on public datasets. Finally, the possible future developments are outlined, with a brief survey on the potential clinical applications of the aforementioned methods. The review indicates that the research into this topic is still in the early stages. Although several methods have been proposed, especially for the LA cavity segmentation, there is still a large scope for further algorithmic developments due to performance issues related to the high variability of enhancement appearance and differences in image acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Veronika A Zimmer
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Julia A Schnabel
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Helmholtz Center Munich, Germany
| | - Xiahai Zhuang
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Nolasco RR, Leon-Larios GD, Bazzini-Carranza DE, Zavaleta E, Calixto-Vargas O. Reconnection Sites in Redo Ablation after Cryoballoon Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 117:100-105. [PMID: 34320077 PMCID: PMC8294743 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20190503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamento Na fibrilação atrial paroxística (FAP), o isolamento das veias pulmonares com criobalão (IVP-CB) tem eficácia semelhante à da ablação por radiofrequência (IVP-RF). Em procedimentos de reablação após IVP-RF, a reconexão das VPs é alta, ao passo que em pacientes com reablação após IVP-CB, as informações são escassas. Objetivo Determinar os locais de reconexão das VPs em pacientes que foram submetidos à reablação após IVP-CB inicial. Métodos Pacientes que foram submetidos a um procedimento de reablação de fibrilação atrial, após um IVP-CB inicial para FAP foram incluídos. O mapeamento eletroanatômico do AE foi utilizado. Um local de reconexão foi definido com a presença de uma voltagem de 0,3mV ou maior nas VPs e condução unidirecional ou bidirecional nas VPs durante o ritmo sinusal. Os locais de reconexão foram identificados por meio de corte paraesternal longitudinal e posteriormente ablacionados com radiofrequência. Resultados Dos 165 pacientes submetidos ao IVP inicial, 27 necessitaram reablações, dos quais 18 (66,6%) eram do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 55+12,3 anos. O tempo de recorrência foi de 8,9+6,4 meses. A reconexão das VPs foi encontrada em 21 (77,8%) pacientes. Houve um total de 132 lacunas de condução, seis por paciente, 3,6 por VP. Um número significativo de lacunas ocorreu na região ântero-superior da VP superior esquerda (VPSE) e nas regiões septal e inferior da VP superior direita (VPSD). Conclusões As VPs superiores apresentaram os locais de maior reconexão, principalmente na região anterior da VPSE e na região septal da VPSD. A razão por trás disso pode ser devido à maior espessura da parede atrial e à dificuldade em alcançar o contato de criobalão adequado.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio Robledo Nolasco
- Centro Medico Nacional 20 de Noviembre - Hemodinamia y Electrofisiologua, Ciudad de México - México
| | - Gerardo De Leon-Larios
- Centro Medico Nacional 20 de Noviembre - Hemodinamia y Electrofisiologua, Ciudad de México - México
| | | | - Elias Zavaleta
- Centro Medico Nacional 20 de Noviembre - Hemodinamia y Electrofisiologua, Ciudad de México - México
| | - Omar Calixto-Vargas
- Centro Medico Nacional 20 de Noviembre - Hemodinamia y Electrofisiologua, Ciudad de México - México
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Martins RP, Galand V, Behar N, Daubert JC, Mabo P, Leclercq C, Pavin D. Localization of Residual Conduction Gaps After Wide Antral Circumferential Ablation of Pulmonary Veins. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2020; 5:753-765. [PMID: 31320003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is the cornerstone therapy for patients with symptomatic AF resistant to anti-arrhythmic drugs or as first-line therapy, and is based on permanent pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. The presence of a conduction gap in a wide antral circumferential ablation lesion around PVs is often sufficient to transform an initially successful ablation into a procedural failure, thus necessitating a redo intervention. The strategy during a redo procedure is based on the detection and ablation of the reconnection gap. Finding gaps is often simple, but also sometimes challenging, because gaps may be difficult to detect, resulting in unnecessary radiofrequency delivery. The present review aimed to describe the various techniques published thus far to detect residual reconnections along the encircling ablation lines around PVs, to help electrophysiologists to detect and ablate reconnection gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël P Martins
- University of Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-UMR 1099, Rennes, France.
| | - Vincent Galand
- University of Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-UMR 1099, Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Behar
- University of Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-UMR 1099, Rennes, France
| | | | - Philippe Mabo
- University of Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-UMR 1099, Rennes, France
| | | | - Dominique Pavin
- University of Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-UMR 1099, Rennes, France
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Inaba O, Metzner A, Rottner L, Mathew S, Lemes C, Maurer T, Heeger C, John A, Hashiguchi N, Wohlmuth P, Ouyang F, Kuck K, Rillig A, Reissmann B. Radiofrequency or cryoballoon ablation for index pulmonary vein isolation: What is the impact on long‐term clinical outcomes after repeat ablation? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020; 31:1068-1074. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.14432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Inaba
- Department of CardiologySaitama Red Cross Hospital Saitama Japan
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
| | - Andreas Metzner
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Heart Center Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - Laura Rottner
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Heart Center Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - Shibu Mathew
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
| | - Christine Lemes
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
| | - Tilman Maurer
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
| | - Christian Heeger
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
- University Heart Centre Lübeck Germany
| | - Alexander John
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
| | | | | | - Feifan Ouyang
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
| | - Karl‐Heinz Kuck
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
| | - Andreas Rillig
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Heart Center Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - Bruno Reissmann
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Klinik St. Georg Hamburg Germany
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Heart Center Hamburg Hamburg Germany
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Gunawardene MA, Eickholt C, Akbulak RÖ, Jularic M, Klatt N, Hartmann J, Schlüter M, Meyer C, Willems S, Schaeffer B. Ultra–high‐density mapping of conduction gaps and atrial tachycardias: Distinctive patterns following pulmonary vein isolation with cryoballoon or contact–force‐guided radiofrequency current. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020; 31:1051-1061. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.14413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A. Gunawardene
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Hamburg EppendorfHamburg Germany
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Hospital St GeorgHamburg Germany
| | - Christian Eickholt
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Hamburg EppendorfHamburg Germany
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Hospital St GeorgHamburg Germany
| | - Ruken Ö. Akbulak
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Hamburg EppendorfHamburg Germany
| | - Mario Jularic
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Hamburg EppendorfHamburg Germany
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Hospital St GeorgHamburg Germany
| | - Niklas Klatt
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Hamburg EppendorfHamburg Germany
| | - Jens Hartmann
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Hamburg EppendorfHamburg Germany
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Hospital St GeorgHamburg Germany
| | | | - Christian Meyer
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Hamburg EppendorfHamburg Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/LübeckBerlin Germany
| | - Stephan Willems
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Hamburg EppendorfHamburg Germany
- Department of CardiologyAsklepios Hospital St GeorgHamburg Germany
| | - Benjamin Schaeffer
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Hamburg EppendorfHamburg Germany
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Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation recurrence after redo procedure-ablation modality impact. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2020; 57:77-85. [PMID: 31912448 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-019-00694-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation recurrence (AFR) is common after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), and the rate does not differ between radiofrequency (RF) and cryoballoon (CB) ablation. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the ablation modality used at the index PVI on the outcome after redo PVI in patients with paroxysmal AF. METHODS In this prospective, single-center, non-randomized study, consecutive patients with paroxysmal AF who have undergone the index PVI with either RF ablation (RF group) or 2nd-generation CB (CB group) were included. The primary endpoint was freedom from recurrence of atrial arrhythmia lasting > 30 s. RESULTS A total of 105 patients undergoing redo PVI for paroxysmal AF were included (median age 61 years; 24% female; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 57 ± 8%; left atrial volume index (LAVI) 34 ± 11 mm). Index PVI was done either with focal RF (n = 81) or with CB (n = 24) and redo PVI only with focal RF. Total procedure time (139 vs. 113 min, p = 0.10) and RF delivery time (1017 vs. 870 s, p = 0.33) of the redo PVI were not significantly different. After a median follow-up of 371 (185-470) days, there were no differences between the RF and CB groups regarding the AFR rate after the second PVI (24 vs. 23%, p = 0.89). The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no difference between the groups regarding AFR freedom time (p = 0.81). In multivariable logistic regression, only coronary artery disease was identified as an independent long-term predictor of AFR (OR 4.15, 95% CI 1.17-14.71, p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS The ablation modality used at the index PVI has no impact on long-term outcome after redo PVI in patients with paroxysmal AF.
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Martins RP, Nicolas A, Galand V, Pichard C, Behar N, Chérel C, Daubert JC, Mabo P, Leclercq C, Lederlin M, Pavin D. The challenging right inferior pulmonary vein: A systematic approach for successful cryoballoon ablation. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 112:502-511. [PMID: 31447317 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using cryoballoon ablation is widely used for rhythm control in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. This technique has a steep learning curve, and PVI can be achieved quickly in most patients. However, the right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV) is often challenging to occlude and isolate. AIM We aimed to analyse the efficacy of RIPV ablation using a systematic approach. METHODS Consecutive patients referred for cryoballoon ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were enrolled prospectively. A systematic approach was used for RIPV cryoablation. The primary endpoint was acute RIPV isolation during initial freeze. RESULTS A total of 214 patients were included. RIPV isolation during initial freeze occurred in 179 patients (82.2%). Real-time PVI could be observed in 72 patients (33.6%), whereas cryoballoon stability required pushing the Achieve™ catheter inside the RIPVs in the remaining patients. The rate of unsuccessful or aborted first freeze as a result of insufficient minimal temperature was significantly higher in patients with real-time pulmonary vein potential recording (16.7% vs. 6.3%; P=0.031). To overcome this issue and obtain both stability and real-time PVI, a dedicated "whip technique" was developed. Twelve patients (5.6%) required a redo ablation; only two of these had a reconnected RIPV. CONCLUSIONS A systematic approach to RIPV cryoablation can lead to a high rate of first freeze application. Operators should not struggle to visualize pulmonary vein potentials before ablation, as this may decrease cryoapplication efficacy. Thus, stability should be preferred over real-time PVI for RIPV ablation. Both stability and real-time PVI can be obtained using a "whip technique".
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël P Martins
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Amélie Nicolas
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Galand
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Camille Pichard
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Behar
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Céline Chérel
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Claude Daubert
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Philippe Mabo
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Christophe Leclercq
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Mathieu Lederlin
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Pavin
- Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires, Univ Rennes, CHU de Rennes, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
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Shao M, Shang L, Shi J, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Zhang L, Li Y, Tang B, Zhou X. The safety and efficacy of second-generation cryoballoon ablation plus catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206362. [PMID: 30359452 PMCID: PMC6201921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests that second-generation cryoballoon ablation (2G-CB) is effective in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF). The cornerstone of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). The purpose of this study was to summarize the available data on the safety and mid-term (≥ 12 months) effectiveness of a 'PVI-only' strategy vs. a 'PVI-plus' strategy using 2G-CB in patients with PerAF. METHODS We searched the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library databases for studies on 2G-CB for PerAF. Group analysis was based on the ablation approach: 'PVI-only' versus 'PVI-plus', the latter of which involved PVI plus other substrate modifications. Studies showing clinical success rates at a follow-up (FU) of ≥ 12 months were included. Complication rates were also assessed. Data were analyzed by applying a fixed effects model. RESULTS A total of 879 patients from 5 studies were analyzed. After a mid-term FU of 27 months, the overall success rate of 2G-CB for PerAF was 66.1%. In the 'PVI-plus' group, the success rate was 73.8%. In the 'PVI-only' group, the success rate was 53.6%. No heterogeneity was noted among studies (I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.82). Complications occurred in 5.2% of patients (P = 0.93), and the rate of phrenic nerve (PN) injury was 2.8% (P = 0.14). Vascular assess complications were the most frequent at 1.6% (P = 0.33). No death or myocardial infarction was reported. CONCLUSION 'PVI-plus' involving 2G-CB seems to be safe and effective for treating PerAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Shao
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Luxiang Shang
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yaodong Li
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Baopeng Tang
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xianhui Zhou
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Nuñez-Garcia M, Camara O, O'Neill MD, Razavi R, Chubb H, Butakoff C. Mind the gap: Quantification of incomplete ablation patterns after pulmonary vein isolation using minimum path search. Med Image Anal 2018; 51:1-12. [PMID: 30347332 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is a common procedure for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) since the initial trigger for AF frequently originates in the pulmonary veins. A successful isolation produces a continuous lesion (scar) completely encircling the veins that stops activation waves from propagating to the atrial body. Unfortunately, the encircling lesion is often incomplete, becoming a combination of scar and gaps of healthy tissue. These gaps are potential causes of AF recurrence, which requires a redo of the isolation procedure. Late-gadolinium enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) is a non-invasive method that may also be used to detect gaps, but it is currently a time-consuming process, prone to high inter-observer variability. In this paper, we present a method to semi-automatically identify and quantify ablation gaps. Gap quantification is performed through minimum path search in a graph where every node is a scar patch and the edges are the geodesic distances between patches. We propose the Relative Gap Measure (RGM) to estimate the percentage of gap around a vein, which is defined as the ratio of the overall gap length and the total length of the path that encircles the vein. Additionally, an advanced version of the RGM has been developed to integrate gap quantification estimates from different scar segmentation techniques into a single figure-of-merit. Population-based statistical and regional analysis of gap distribution was performed using a standardised parcellation of the left atrium. We have evaluated our method on synthetic and clinical data from 50 AF patients who underwent PVI with radiofrequency ablation. The population-based analysis concluded that the left superior PV is more prone to lesion gaps while the left inferior PV tends to have less gaps (p < .05 in both cases), in the processed data. This type of information can be very useful for the optimization and objective assessment of PVI interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nuñez-Garcia
- Physense, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Oscar Camara
- Physense, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark D O'Neill
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, UK
| | - Reza Razavi
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, UK
| | - Henry Chubb
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, UK
| | - Constantine Butakoff
- Physense, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Atrial mapping during pulmonary vein pacing to detect conduction gaps in a second pulmonary vein isolation procedure. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2018; 53:195-205. [DOI: 10.1007/s10840-018-0371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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12
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Martins RP, Galand V, Cesari O, Milhem A, Behar N, Auffret V, Daubert JC, Mabo P, Pavin D. The second generation cryoballoon has improved durable isolation of left but not right pulmonary veins: new insights from a multicentre study. Europace 2017; 20:1115-1121. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eux200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël P Martins
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires, CHU de Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Galand
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires, CHU de Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Nathalie Behar
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires, CHU de Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Auffret
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires, CHU de Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Claude Daubert
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires, CHU de Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, France
| | - Philippe Mabo
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires, CHU de Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Pavin
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cardiologie et Maladies Vasculaires, CHU de Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, France
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