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Chasek C, Watanabe-Galloway S, Rutt R, Olson A, Yoder A. A cross-sectional study of alcohol, opioid use, and anxiety in agriculturally based occupations. J Rural Health 2023; 39:816-823. [PMID: 36759592 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although there are many studies that have examined substance use and mental health concerns in rural areas, there is a paucity of research related to the prevalence of substance use and mental well-being in agriculturally based occupations. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of alcohol and opioid misuse and anxiety among adults in agriculturally based occupations in the rural Midwest and to determine the risk factors for alcohol misuse. METHODS Data were collected via mailed surveys with 1,791 surveys returned. Participants completed the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, the Drug Abuse Screening Test-1, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener, and reported demographic data. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with alcohol misuse. RESULTS Younger age, male, not married, agriculturally based workers were significantly associated with alcohol misuse. For opioid use, the highest prevalence rate (10%) was found among direct agricultural workers who were not married and in the age group 19-39. The highest anxiety prevalence rate was found in participants aged 19-39 (15.5%) who also scored in the highest level of alcohol misuse with a prevalence rate of 27.9%. CONCLUSIONS Future research is suggested in the areas of gender identity and anxiety in agricultural populations and agriculturally based occupations as protective factors for opioid misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rachel Rutt
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ashley Olson
- University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, Nebraska, USA
| | - Aaron Yoder
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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2
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Smith JJ, Spanakis P, Gribble R, Stevelink SAM, Rona RJ, Fear NT, Goodwin L. Prevalence of at-risk drinking recognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 235:109449. [PMID: 35461086 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a prominent "treatment gap" in relation to at-risk drinking (ARD), whereby a minority of at-risk drinkers ever access treatment. Research suggests that recognition of problem drinking is a necessary precursor for help-seeking and treatment. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of ARD recognition within those meeting criteria for ARD. METHOD PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE were searched using the terms: problem* AND (recogni* OR perceive* OR perception OR self-identif*) AND alcohol - to identify studies published in English between 2000 and 2022. Studies reported the frequency (weighted or unweighted) of participants meeting ARD criteria that also directly identified ARD, perceived a need for help, or endorsed a readiness to change. The prevalence of ARD recognition was estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS 17 studies were included which provided data for 33,349 participants with ARD. Most (n = 14) were US studies. ARD was self-identified via a single indicator in 7 studies, whereas recognition was assessed via stages of change in 4 studies and need for help in 6 studies. The pooled prevalence of ARD recognition was 31% (95% CI: 25%-36%), and subgroup analyses indicated alcohol use severity, measure of recognition, and population type to be significant sources of heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Most individuals with ARD fail to recognise their drinking problem so preventive approaches that promote recognition may be helpful. However, we must be cautious of how inconsistency in question framing affects self-reported problem recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Smith
- Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Rachael Gribble
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; King's Centre for Military Health Research, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon A M Stevelink
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; King's Centre for Military Health Research, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto J Rona
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; King's Centre for Military Health Research, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola T Fear
- King's Centre for Military Health Research, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Military Mental Health, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Goodwin
- Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Harlow LL, Aiken L, Blankson AN, Boodoo GM, Brick LAD, Collins LM, Cumming G, Fava JL, Goodwin MS, Hoeppner BB, Mackinnon DP, Molenaar PCM, Rodgers JL, Rossi JS, Scott A, Steiger JH, West SG. A Tribute to the Mind, Methodology and Mentoring of Wayne Velicer. MULTIVARIATE BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH 2021; 56:377-389. [PMID: 32077317 PMCID: PMC7438240 DOI: 10.1080/00273171.2020.1729083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wayne Velicer is remembered for a mind where mathematical concepts and calculations intrigued him, behavioral science beckoned him, and people fascinated him. Born in Green Bay, Wisconsin on March 4, 1944, he was raised on a farm, although early influences extended far beyond that beginning. His Mathematics BS and Psychology minor at Wisconsin State University in Oshkosh, and his PhD in Quantitative Psychology from Purdue led him to a fruitful and far-reaching career. He was honored several times as a high-impact author, was a renowned scholar in quantitative and health psychology, and had more than 300 scholarly publications and 54,000+ citations of his work, advancing the arenas of quantitative methodology and behavioral health. In his methodological work, Velicer sought out ways to measure, synthesize, categorize, and assess people and constructs across behaviors and time, largely through principal components analysis, time series, and cluster analysis. Further, he and several colleagues developed a method called Testing Theory-based Quantitative Predictions, successfully applied to predicting outcomes and effect sizes in smoking cessation, diet behavior, and sun protection, with the potential for wider applications. With $60,000,000 in external funding, Velicer also helped engage a large cadre of students and other colleagues to study methodological models for a myriad of health behaviors in a widely applied Transtheoretical Model of Change. Unwittingly, he has engendered indelible memories and gratitude to all who crossed his path. Although Wayne Velicer left this world on October 15, 2017 after battling an aggressive cancer, he is still very present among us.
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Gómez P, Moure-Rodríguez L, López-Caneda E, Rial A, Cadaveira F, Caamaño-Isorna F. Patterns of Alcohol Consumption in Spanish University Alumni: Nine Years of Follow-Up. Front Psychol 2017; 8:756. [PMID: 28555119 PMCID: PMC5430027 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to empirically identify different profiles of Spanish university alumni, based on their alcohol use over 9 years, and to further characterize them. A cohort study was carried out between 2005 and 2015 among university students (Compostela Cohort-Spain; n2015 = 415). Alcohol consumption was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). A two-stage cluster analysis, based on their AUDIT total scores was carried out separately for males and females. The further characterization of every profile was based on demographic data, age at onset of alcohol use, positive alcohol-related expectancies, tobacco and cannabis use, as well as their answers to some European Addiction Severity Index items. Five different clusters were identified: Low users (29.2%), Moderated users (37.2%), At-risk users (14.2%), Decreasing users (13.2%) and Large users (6.2%) for females, and Low users (34.4%), At-risk users (25.6%), High-risk users (15.6%), Decreasing users (14.4%) and Large users (10.0%) for males. Being a cannabis user or a smoker was positively associated to those more hazardous clusters in both genders. Regarding females, significant differences in the age of onset and high positive expectancies were found. However, there were few significant differences among the groups in relation to their employment status and social relations. The results reveal the existence of different typologies of alcohol users among university alumni, with differences among males and females. Modifying positive expectancies, limiting access to alcohol at a young age, and reducing uses of other substances uses are key to promote healthier alcohol use profiles and to prevent hazardous uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gómez
- Consumer and User Psychology Unit, Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucía Moure-Rodríguez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, CIBER-ESP, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Eduardo López-Caneda
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela, Spain
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, Research Center on Psychology, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Antonio Rial
- Consumer and User Psychology Unit, Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando Cadaveira
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Caamaño-Isorna
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, CIBER-ESP, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSpain
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Chi DL. Parent Refusal of Topical Fluoride for Their Children: Clinical Strategies and Future Research Priorities to Improve Evidence-Based Pediatric Dental Practice. Dent Clin North Am 2017; 61:607-617. [PMID: 28577640 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of parents are refusing topical fluoride for their children during preventive dental and medical visits. This nascent clinical and public health problem warrants attention from dental professionals and the scientific community. Clinical and community-based strategies are available to improve fluoride-related communications with parents and the public. In terms of future research priorities, there is a need to develop screening tools to identify parents who are likely to refuse topical fluoride and diagnostic instruments to uncover the reasons for topical fluoride refusal. This knowledge will lead to evidence-based strategies that can be widely disseminated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald L Chi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Box 357475, B509 Health Sciences Building, Seattle, WA 98195-7475, USA.
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Smith DM, Abtahi M, Amiri AM, Mankodiya K. Bivariate autoregressive state-space modeling of psychophysiological time series data. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017; 2016:5335-5338. [PMID: 28269465 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7591932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Heart rate (HR) and electrodermal activity (EDA) are often used as physiological measures of psychological arousal in various neuropsychology experiments. In this exploratory study, we analyze HR and EDA data collected from four participants, each with a history of suicidal tendencies, during a cognitive task known as the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT). A central aim of this investigation is to guide future research by assessing heterogeneity in the population of individuals with suicidal tendencies. Using a state-space modeling approach to time series analysis, we evaluate the effect of an exogenous input, i.e., the stimulus presentation rate which was increased systematically during the experimental task. Participants differed in several parameters characterizing the way in which psychological arousal was experienced during the task. Increasing the stimulus presentation rate was associated with an increase in EDA in participants 2 and 4. The effect on HR was positive for participant 2 and negative for participants 3 and 4. We discuss future directions in light of the heterogeneity in the population indicated by these findings.
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Ahangari A, Stewart Williams J, Myléus A. Pain and alcohol consumption among older adults: findings from the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health, Wave 1. Trop Med Int Health 2016; 21:1282-1292. [PMID: 27443945 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate cross-sectional associations between self-reported recent pain and alcohol use/abstinence, and previous-day pain and previous-week alcohol consumption in adults aged 50 + in six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS The WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 1 (2007-2010) in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa is the data source. Prevalence of alcohol use/abstinence is reported by previous-day and previous-month pain. Multinomial logistic regressions (crude and adjusted for sex and country) tested associations between recent pain and alcohol use in the pooled multicountry sample. RESULTS Across the six SAGE countries, about one-third of respondents reported alcohol use, being highest in Russia (74%) and lowest in India (16%). Holding the effects of sex and country constant, compared with abstainers, people with previous-day pain were more likely to be previous-day or other users. With regard to the quantity and frequency of alcohol use, people with previous-day pain were more likely to be non-heavy drinkers. CONCLUSION Overall, we found that, in this population of older adults in six LMICs, recent pain was associated with moderate use of alcohol, although there were differences between countries. The findings provide a platform for country-specific research to better understand bi-directional associations between pain and alcohol in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alebtekin Ahangari
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Stewart Williams
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. .,Research Centre for Generational, Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
| | - Anna Myléus
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Schramm C, Vial C, Bachoud-Lévi AC, Katsahian S. Clustering of longitudinal data by using an extended baseline: A new method for treatment efficacy clustering in longitudinal data. Stat Methods Med Res 2016; 27:97-113. [PMID: 26721877 DOI: 10.1177/0962280215621591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneity in treatment efficacy is a major concern in clinical trials. Clustering may help to identify the treatment responders and the non-responders. In the context of longitudinal cluster analyses, sample size and variability of the times of measurements are the main issues with the current methods. Here, we propose a new two-step method for the Clustering of Longitudinal data by using an Extended Baseline. The first step relies on a piecewise linear mixed model for repeated measurements with a treatment-time interaction. The second step clusters the random predictions and considers several parametric (model-based) and non-parametric (partitioning, ascendant hierarchical clustering) algorithms. A simulation study compares all options of the clustering of longitudinal data by using an extended baseline method with the latent-class mixed model. The clustering of longitudinal data by using an extended baseline method with the two model-based algorithms was the more robust model. The clustering of longitudinal data by using an extended baseline method with all the non-parametric algorithms failed when there were unequal variances of treatment effect between clusters or when the subgroups had unbalanced sample sizes. The latent-class mixed model failed when the between-patients slope variability is high. Two real data sets on neurodegenerative disease and on obesity illustrate the clustering of longitudinal data by using an extended baseline method and show how clustering may help to identify the marker(s) of the treatment response. The application of the clustering of longitudinal data by using an extended baseline method in exploratory analysis as the first stage before setting up stratified designs can provide a better estimation of treatment effect in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Schramm
- 1 INSERM UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, E22, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,2 INSERM U955 E01, Neuropsychologie interventionnelle Laboratory IMRB, Créteil, France.,3 Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6, Paris, France.,4 École Normale Supérieure, Institut d'Études de la Cognition, Paris, France
| | - Céline Vial
- 5 Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5208, Polytech Lyon-Université de Lyon 1, Institut Camille Jordan, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne-Catherine Bachoud-Lévi
- 2 INSERM U955 E01, Neuropsychologie interventionnelle Laboratory IMRB, Créteil, France.,4 École Normale Supérieure, Institut d'Études de la Cognition, Paris, France.,6 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, National Reference Center for Huntington's Disease Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Sandrine Katsahian
- 1 INSERM UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, E22, Université Paris Descartes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,7 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'informatique et statistiques, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
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Babbin SF, Velicer WF, Aloia MS, Kushida CA. Identifying Longitudinal Patterns for Individuals and Subgroups: An Example with Adherence to Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. MULTIVARIATE BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH 2015; 50:91-108. [PMID: 26609745 DOI: 10.1080/00273171.2014.958211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To improve complex behaviors such as adherence to medical recommendations, a better understanding of behavior change over time is needed. The focus of this study was adherence to treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Adherence to the most common treatment for OSA is poor. This study involved a sample of 161 participants, each with approximately 180 nights of data. First, a time series analysis was performed for each individual. Time series parameters included the mean (average hours of use per night), level, slope, variance, and autocorrelation. Second, a dynamic cluster analysis was performed to find homogenous subgroups of individuals with similar adherence patterns. A four-cluster solution was found, and the subgroups were labeled: Great Users (17.2%; high mean and level, no slope), Good Users (32.8%; moderate mean and level, no slope), Low Users (22.7%; low mean and level, negative slope), and Slow Decliners (moderate mean and level, negative slope, high variance). Third, participants in the identified subgroups were compared to establish external validity. These steps represent a Typology of Temporal Patterns (TTP) approach. Combining time series analysis and dynamic cluster analysis is a useful way to evaluate longitudinal patterns at both the individual level and subgroup level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven F Babbin
- a Department of Psychology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth
| | - Wayne F Velicer
- b Cancer Prevention Research Center , University of Rhode Island
| | - Mark S Aloia
- c National Jewish Health and Philips/Respironics, Inc
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