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Tang Y, Liu B, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Huang Y, Fan W. Interactions between nanoparticles and lymphatic systems: Mechanisms and applications in drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115304. [PMID: 38599495 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The lymphatic system has garnered significant attention in drug delivery research due to the advantages it offers, such as enhancing systemic exposure and enabling lymph node targeting for nanomedicines via the lymphatic delivery route. The journey of drug carriers involves transport from the administration site to the lymphatic vessels, traversing the lymph before entering the bloodstream or targeting specific lymph nodes. However, the anatomical and physiological barriers of the lymphatic system play a pivotal role in influencing the behavior and efficiency of carriers. To expedite research and subsequent clinical translation, this review begins by introducing the composition and classification of the lymphatic system. Subsequently, we explore the routes and mechanisms through which nanoparticles enter lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes. The review further delves into the interactions between nanomedicine and body fluids at the administration site or within lymphatic vessels. Finally, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in lymphatic delivery systems, addressing the challenges and opportunities inherent in current systems for delivering macromolecules and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, National Center of Technology Innovation for Animal Model, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Bao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528437, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wufa Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Srivastava V, Godara P, Jena SP, Naik B, Singh S, Prajapati VK, Prusty D. Peptide-ligand conjugate based immunotherapeutic approach for targeted dismissal of non-structural protein 1 of dengue virus: A novel therapeutic solution for mild and severe dengue infections. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129562. [PMID: 38246445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Dengue virus infection has significantly increased, with reported cases soaring from 505,430 in 2000 to 2,809,818 in 2022, emphasizing the need for effective treatments. Among the eleven structural and non-structural proteins of DENV, Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) has emerged as a promising target due to its diverse role in modulating the immune response, inducing vascular leakage, and facilitating viral replication and assembly. Monoclonal antibodies are the sole therapeutics to target NS1, but concerns about their cross-reactivity persist. Given these concerns, our study focuses on designing a novel Peptide Ligand Conjugate (PLC) as a potential alternative immunotherapeutic agent against NS1. This PLC aims to mediate the immune elimination of soluble NS1 and NS1-presenting DENV-infected host cells by pre-existing vaccine-induced immunity. By employing the High Throughput Virtual Screening (HTVS) method, QikProp analysis, and Molecular Dynamics studies, we identified three hits from Asinex Biodesigned Ligands out of 220,177 compounds that show strong binding affinity towards the monoclonal binding site of NS1 protein. After a rigorous analysis of physicochemical characteristics, antigenicity, allergenicity, and toxicity using various servers, we selected two peptides: the minimum epitopic region of the Diphtheria and Tetanus toxins as the peptide components of the PLCs. A non-cleavable, non-reactive oxime linker connected the ligand with the peptide through oxime and amide bonds. DPT vaccine is widely used in dengue-endemic countries, and it has been reported that antibodies titer against MER of Diphtheria toxin and Tetanus toxins persist lifelong in DPT-vaccinated people. Therefore, once the rationally designed PLCs bind to NS1 through the ligands, the peptide will induce an immune response against NS1 by triggering pre-existing DPT antibodies and activating memory cells. This orchestrated immune response will destroy soluble NS1 and NS1-expressing DENV-infected cells, thereby reducing the illness of severe dengue hemorrhagic fever and the DENV infection, respectively. Given the increasing demand for new therapeutics for DENV treatment, further investigation into this novel immune-therapeutic strategy may offer a new avenue for treating mild and severe dengue infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varshita Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Priya Godara
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Sudip Prasad Jena
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Biswajit Naik
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Satyendra Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Dhaneswar Prusty
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India.
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Hohenwarter L, Puil E, Rouhollahi E, Bohrmann L, Lu S, Saatchi K, Häfeli UO, Barr A, Böttger R, Viswanadham KKD, Li SD. A Novel Leu-Enkephalin Prodrug Produces Pain-Relieving and Antidepressant Effects. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:688-703. [PMID: 38243899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Persistent pain is a significant healthcare problem with limited treatment options. The high incidence of comorbid chronic pain and depression significantly reduces life quality and complicates the treatment of both conditions. Antidepressants are less effective for pain and depression than for depression alone and they induce severe side effects. Opioids are highly efficacious analgesics, but rapid development of tolerance, dependence, and debilitating side effects limit their efficacy and safe use. Leucine-enkephalin (Leu-ENK), the endogenous delta opioid receptor agonist, controls pain and mood and produces potent analgesia with reduced adverse effects compared to conventional opioids. High proteolytic instability, however, makes Leu-ENK ineffective after systemic administration and limits its clinical usefulness. KK-103, a Leu-ENK prodrug, was developed to overcome these limitations of Leu-ENK via markedly increased plasma stability in mice. We showed rapid and substantially increased systemic adsorption and blood plasma exposure of KK-103 compared to Leu-ENK. We also observed brain uptake of radiolabeled KK-103 after systemic administration, indicating a central effect of KK-103. We then established KK-103's prolonged antinociceptive efficacy in the ramped hot plate and formalin test. In both models, KK-103 produced a comparable dose to the maximum antinociceptive-effect relationship. The pain-alleviating effect of KK-103 primarily resulted from activating the delta opioid receptor after the likely conversion of KK-103 to Leu-ENK in vivo. Finally, KK-103 produced an antidepressant-like activity comparable to the antidepressant desipramine, but with minimal gastrointestinal inhibition and no incidence of sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Hohenwarter
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ernest Puil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Elham Rouhollahi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lennart Bohrmann
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shawna Lu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Katayoun Saatchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Urs O Häfeli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Alasdair Barr
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Roland Böttger
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - K K DurgaRao Viswanadham
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shyh-Dar Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Tran H, Dogra M, Huang S, Aihara E, ElSayed M, Aburub A. Development and evaluation of C10 and SNAC erodible tablets for gastric delivery of a GIP/GLP1 peptide in monkeys. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123680. [PMID: 38070657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The permeation enhancers (PEs) sodium caprate (C10) and sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl) amino] caprylate (SNAC) have been utilized for the intestinal and gastric delivery of macromolecules, respectively. However, the potential of C10 for the gastric delivery of a peptide and the ability of SNAC to deliver other peptides to the stomach beyond semaglutide have not been investigated. In this study, we have developed and evaluated C10 and SNAC-containing erodible tablets for the gastricdelivery of a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GIP/GLP1) dual agonist peptide (LY) in cynomolgus monkeys. We also evaluated the impact of release rates on the in vivo performance of C10 and SNAC. Furthermore, we compared the oral exposure of the LY peptide and semaglutide with different proteolytic stabilities using a SNAC erodible tablet. Additionally, we investigated the mechanism of action of SNAC for improving gastric absorption of the LY peptide via tissue distribution in monkey. C10 and SNAC tablets released the peptide and PE by erosion from the tablet surface with 100 % release within 60 min at pH 6.8. Following a single oral administration to monkeys, C10 and SNAC erodible tablets at 300 mg exhibited similar LY mean absolute oral bioavailability of 5.7 % and 4.2 %, respectively. The C10 immediate release capsule (500 mg) with faster dissolution profile (10 min) showed a decrease in the LY oral bioavailability; however, a faster dissolution profile (15 min) with erodible SNAC tablet resulted in a relatively higher LY oral bioavailability compared to the slow-release erodible tablets (60 min). Using SNAC as the PE, the combination of slow-release tablet design and LY peptide with higher pepsin stability resulted in about 4-fold higher mean oral bioavailability in the monkeys than semaglutide (4.2 % vs 1.2 %, respectively). In the monkey gastric tissue, SNAC was found to reduce tight junction protein levels and increase the peptide uptake into the gastric epithelium suggesting its permeation enhancing mechanism via both paracellular and transcellular pathways. Taking these data altogether, the enhanced proteolytic stability of the LY peptide combined with the optimal erodible tablets enabled the gastric delivery of the LY peptide with a higher oral bioavailability than semaglutide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huyen Tran
- Biotechnology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285
| | - Mridula Dogra
- Department of Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Synthetic Molecule Design and Development (,) Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285
| | - Eitaro Aihara
- Biotechnology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285
| | - Mohamed ElSayed
- Biotechnology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285
| | - Aktham Aburub
- Synthetic Molecule Design and Development (,) Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285.
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5
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Niloy KK, Lowe TL. Injectable systems for long-lasting insulin therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115121. [PMID: 37898336 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Insulin therapy is the mainstay to treat diabetes characterizedd by hyperglycemia. However, its short half-life of only 4-6 min limits its effectiveness in treating chronic diabetes. Advances in recombinant DNA technology and protein engineering have led to several insulin analogue products that have up to 42 h of glycemic control. However, these insulin analogues still require once- or twice-daily injections for optimal glycemic control and have poor patient compliance and adherence issues. To achieve insulin release for more than one day, different injectable delivery systems including microspheres, in situ forming depots, nanoparticles and composite systems have been developed. Several of these delivery systems have advanced to clinical trials for once-weekly insulin injection. This review comprehensively summarizes the developments of injectable insulin analogs and delivery systems covering the whole field of injectable long-lasting insulin technologies from prototype design, preclinical studies, clinical trials to marketed products for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Kulldeep Niloy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Tao L Lowe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Patil A, Mirando AC, Liatsou I, Sgouros G, Popel AS, Pandey NB. Gel-forming therapeutic peptide exhibits sustained delivery and efficacy in a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer. Peptides 2023; 169:171075. [PMID: 37591441 PMCID: PMC10529050 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive and invasive subtype of breast cancer that represents a major cause of death of women worldwide. Here we describe the efficacy of an integrin-binding antiangiogenic peptide in a variety of delivery methods and dosing conditions. This peptide, AXT201, demonstrated consistent anti-tumor efficacy when administered intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, and intratumorally, and retained this activity even when dosing frequency was reduced to once every two weeks. Finally, in vivo imaging and biodistribution studies of AXT201 showed a long-term persistence of at least 10 days at the site of injection and a stable detectable signal in the blood over 48 h, indicating a sustained release profile. Taken together, these findings indicate AXT201 exhibits favorable pharmacokinetic properties for a 20-mer peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Adam C Mirando
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; AsclepiX Therapeutics, Inc., Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Ioanna Liatsou
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - George Sgouros
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Niranjan B Pandey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; AsclepiX Therapeutics, Inc., Baltimore, MD, USA
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Tyagi P, Patel C, Gibson K, MacDougall F, Pechenov SY, Will S, Revell J, Huang Y, Rosenbaum AI, Balic K, Maharoof U, Grimsby J, Subramony JA. Systems Biology and Peptide Engineering to Overcome Absorption Barriers for Oral Peptide Delivery: Dosage Form Optimization Case Study Preceding Clinical Translation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2436. [PMID: 37896196 PMCID: PMC10610252 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral delivery of peptides and biological molecules promises significant benefits to patients as an alternative to daily injections, but the development of these formulations is challenging due to their low bioavailability and high pharmacokinetic variability. Our earlier work focused on the discovery of MEDI7219, a stabilized, lipidated, glucagon-like peptide 1 agonist peptide, and the selection of sodium chenodeoxycholate (Na CDC) and propyl gallate (PG) as permeation enhancer combinations. We hereby describe the development of the MEDI7219 tablet formulations and composition optimization via in vivo studies in dogs. We designed the MEDI7219 immediate-release tablets with the permeation enhancers Na CDC and PG. Immediate-release tablets were coated with an enteric coating that dissolves at pH ≥ 5.5 to target the upper duodenal region of the gastrointestinal tract and sustained-release tablets with a Carbopol bioadhesive polymer were coated with an enteric coating that dissolves at pH ≥ 7.0 to provide a longer presence at the absorption site in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to immediate- and enteric-coated formulations, we also tested a proprietary delayed release erodible barrier layer tablet (OralogiKTM) to deliver the payload to the target site in the gastrointestinal tract. The design of tablet dosage forms based on the optimization of formulations resulted in up to 10.1% absolute oral bioavailability in dogs with variability as low as 26% for MEDI7219, paving the way for its clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Tyagi
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Chandresh Patel
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | | | - Sergei Y. Pechenov
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Sarah Will
- Bioscience Metabolism, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA (J.G.)
| | - Jefferson Revell
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Yue Huang
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, San Francisco, CA 94080, USA (A.I.R.)
| | - Anton I. Rosenbaum
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, San Francisco, CA 94080, USA (A.I.R.)
| | - Kemal Balic
- Clinical Pharmacology and Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
| | - Umar Maharoof
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Joseph Grimsby
- Bioscience Metabolism, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA (J.G.)
| | - J. Anand Subramony
- Biologics Engineering, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
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Liu S, Wen X, Zhang X, Mao S. Oral delivery of biomacromolecules by overcoming biological barriers in the gastrointestinal tract: an update. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1333-1347. [PMID: 37439101 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2231343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biomacromolecules have proven to be an attractive choice for treating diseases due to their properties of strong specificity, high efficiency, and low toxicity. Besides greatly improving the patient's complaint, oral delivery of macromolecules also complies with hormone physiological secretion, which has become one of the most innovative fields of research in recent years. AREAS COVERED Oral delivery biological barriers for biomacromolecule, transport mechanisms, and various administration strategies were discussed in this review, including absorption enhancers, targeting nanoparticles, mucoadhesion nanoparticles, mucus penetration nanoparticles, and intelligent bionic drug delivery systems. EXPERT OPINION The oral delivery of biomacromolecules has important clinical implications; however, these are still facing the challenges of low bioavailability due to certain barriers. Various promising technologies have been developed to overcome the barriers and improve the therapeutic effect of oral biomacromolecules. By considering safety and efficacy comprehensively, the development of intelligent nanoparticles based on the GIT environment has demonstrated some promise in overcoming these barriers; however, a more comprehensive understanding of the oral fate of oral biomacromolecules is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangce Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shirui Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Verma V, Bade I, Karde V, Heng JYY. Experimental Elucidation of Templated Crystallization and Secondary Processing of Peptides. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041288. [PMID: 37111774 PMCID: PMC10142637 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The crystallization of peptides offers a sustainable and inexpensive alternative to the purification process. In this study, diglycine was crystallised in porous silica, showing the porous templates' positive yet discriminating effect. The diglycine induction time was reduced by five-fold and three-fold upon crystallising in the presence of silica with pore sizes of 6 nm and 10 nm, respectively. The diglycine induction time had a direct relationship with the silica pore size. The stable form (α-form) of diglycine was crystallised in the presence of porous silica, with the diglycine crystals obtained associated with the silica particles. Further, we studied the mechanical properties of diglycine tablets for their tabletability, compactability, and compressibility. The mechanical properties of the diglycine tablets were similar to those of pure MCC, even with the presence of diglycine crystals in the tablets. The diffusion studies of the tablets using the dialysis membrane presented an extended release of diglycine through the dialysis membrane, confirming that the peptide crystal can be used for oral formulation. Hence, the crystallization of peptides preserved their mechanical and pharmacological properties. More data on different peptides can help us produce oral formulation peptides faster than usual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Verma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Isha Bade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Vikram Karde
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jerry Y Y Heng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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10
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Wang F, Sangfuang N, McCoubrey LE, Yadav V, Elbadawi M, Orlu M, Gaisford S, Basit AW. Advancing oral delivery of biologics: Machine learning predicts peptide stability in the gastrointestinal tract. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122643. [PMID: 36709014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The oral delivery of peptide therapeutics could facilitate precision treatment of numerous gastrointestinal (GI) and systemic diseases with simple administration for patients. However, the vast majority of licensed peptide drugs are currently administered parenterally due to prohibitive peptide instability in the GI tract. As such, the development of GI-stable peptides is receiving considerable investment. This study provides researchers with the first tool to predict the GI stability of peptide therapeutics based solely on the amino acid sequence. Both unsupervised and supervised machine learning techniques were trained on literature-extracted data describing peptide stability in simulated gastric and small intestinal fluid (SGF and SIF). Based on 109 peptide incubations, classification models for SGF and SIF were developed. The best models utilized k-Nearest Neighbor (for SGF) and XGBoost (for SIF) algorithms, with accuracies of 75.1% (SGF) and 69.3% (SIF), and f1 scores of 84.5% (SGF) and 73.4% (SIF) under 5-fold cross-validation. Feature importance analysis demonstrated that peptides' lipophilicity, rigidity, and size were key determinants of stability. These models are now available to those working on the development of oral peptide therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjin Wang
- Intract Pharma Ltd. London Bioscience Innovation Centre, 2 Royal College St, London NW1 0NH, UK
| | | | | | - Vipul Yadav
- Intract Pharma Ltd. London Bioscience Innovation Centre, 2 Royal College St, London NW1 0NH, UK
| | - Moe Elbadawi
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Mine Orlu
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Simon Gaisford
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Abdul W Basit
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
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11
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Yang Y, Zhou R, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yu J, Gu Z. Recent Advances in Oral and Transdermal Protein Delivery Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214795. [PMID: 36478123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein and peptide drugs are predominantly administered by injection to achieve high bioavailability, but this greatly compromises patient compliance. Oral and transdermal drug delivery with minimal invasiveness and high adherence represent attractive alternatives to injection administration. However, oral and transdermal administration of bioactive proteins must overcome biological barriers, namely the gastrointestinal and skin barriers, respectively. The rapid development of new materials and technologies promises to address these physiological obstacles. This review provides an overview of the latest advances in oral and transdermal protein delivery, including chemical strategies, synthetic nanoparticles, medical microdevices, and biomimetic systems for oral administration, as well as chemical enhancers, physical approaches, and microneedles in transdermal delivery. We also discuss challenges and future perspectives of the field with a focus on innovation and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxian Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruyi Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Department of Burns and Wound Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China.,Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China.,Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Siemiradzka W, Bułaś L, Dolińska B. Permeation of albumin through the skin depending on its concentration and the substrate used in simulated conditions in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113722. [PMID: 36152412 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many drugs applied to the skin with a systemic effect do not have a therapeutic effect, due to the barrier posed by the complex structure of the skin. To counteract this, absorption promoters are often added to the drug formulation. The use of albumin as an effective drug carrier is increasingly being addressed. Albumin, a natural, non-toxic polymer, can target drugs to specific cells and extend their biological half-life. This study was designed to trace the permeation of albumin after topical administration to the skin as a potential carrier of therapeutic substances. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four dermal formulations based on different polymers were prepared: methyl cellulose, sodium alginate, hypromellose and chitosan with methyl cellulose, obtaining final concentrations of albumin of 2%, 1.5% and 1%. The permeation of albumin through the skin was examined under simulated in vivo conditions. RESULTS Most albumin permeated from the methylcellulose-based hydrogel. Depending on the concentration of albumin, permeation profiles were plotted and permeation rate constant and AUC(0-24 h) were calculated. CONCLUSION Methylcellulose was the optimal polymer for albumin release, whereas hypromellose was the least favorable. The concentration of albumin influences the amount and rate of permeation of this protein. The optimal concentration was 10 mg/g, from which the most albumin penetrated and the fastest. Human skin appeared to be more permeable to albumin than pig skin. However, the similar permeation profile through both membranes successfully allows the use of pig skin to track and evaluate the permeation of therapeutic substances with systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Siemiradzka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Kasztanowa 3, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Lucyna Bułaś
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Kasztanowa 3, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Barbara Dolińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Kasztanowa 3, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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In Silico Prediction of Anti-Infective and Cell-Penetrating Peptides from Thalassophryne nattereri Natterin Toxins. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091141. [PMID: 36145362 PMCID: PMC9501638 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of venom-derived peptides, such as bioactive peptides (BAPs), is determined by specificity, stability, and pharmacokinetics properties. BAPs, including anti-infective or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), share several physicochemical characteristics and are potential alternatives to antibiotic-based therapies and drug delivery systems, respectively. This study used in silico methods to predict AMPs and CPPs derived from natterins from the venomous fish Thalassophryne nattereri. Fifty-seven BAPs (19 AMPs, 8 CPPs, and 30 AMPs/CPPs) were identified using the web servers CAMP, AMPA, AmpGram, C2Pred, and CellPPD. The physicochemical properties were analyzed using ProtParam, PepCalc, and DispHred tools. The membrane-binding potential and cellular location of each peptide were analyzed using the Boman index by APD3, and TMHMM web servers. All CPPs and two AMPs showed high membrane-binding potential. Fifty-four peptides were located in the plasma membrane. Peptide immunogenicity, toxicity, allergenicity, and ADMET parameters were evaluated using several web servers. Sixteen antiviral peptides and 37 anticancer peptides were predicted using the web servers Meta-iAVP and ACPred. Secondary structures and helical wheel projections were predicted using the PEP-FOLD3 and Heliquest web servers. Fifteen peptides are potential lead compounds and were selected to be further synthesized and tested experimentally in vitro to validate the in silico screening. The use of computer-aided design for predicting peptide structure and activity is fast and cost-effective and facilitates the design of potent therapeutic peptides. The results demonstrate that toxins form a natural biotechnological platform in drug discovery, and the presence of CPP and AMP sequences in toxin families opens new possibilities in toxin biochemistry research.
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Esposito S, Orsatti L, Pucci V. Subcutaneous Catabolism of Peptide Therapeutics: Bioanalytical Approaches and ADME Considerations. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:828-839. [PMID: 36039395 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2119180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Many peptide drugs such as insulin and glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) analogues are successfully administered subcutaneously (SC). Following SC injection, peptides may undergo catabolism in the SC compartment before entering systemic circulation, which could compromise their bioavailability and in turn affect their efficacy.This review will discuss how both technology and strategy have evolved over the past years to further elucidate peptide SC catabolism.Modern bioanalytical technologies (particularly liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry) and bioinformatics platforms for data mining has prompted the development of in silico, in vitro and in vivo tools for characterizing peptide SC catabolism to rapidly address proteolytic liabilities and, ultimately, guide the design of peptides with improved SC bioavailability.More predictive models able to recapitulate the interplay between SC catabolism and other factors driving SC absorption are highly desirable to improve in vitro/in vivo correlations.We envision the routine incorporation of in vitro and in vivo SC catabolism studies in ADME screening funnels to develop more effective peptide drugs for SC delivery.
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