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Shi Y, Si D, Zhang X, Chen D, Han Z. Plant fructans: Recent advances in metabolism, evolution aspects and applications for human health. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100595. [PMID: 37744554 PMCID: PMC10517269 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructans, fructose polymers, are one of the three major reserve carbohydrate in plants. The nutritional and therapeutic benefits of natural fructans in plants have attracted increasing interest by consumers and food industry. In the course of evolution, many plants have developed the ability of regulating plant fructans metabolism to produce fructans with different structures and chain lengths, which are strongly correlated with their survival in harsh environments. Exploring these evolution-related genes in fructans biosynthesis and de novo domestication of fructans-rich plants based on genome editing is a viable and promising approach to improve human dietary quality and reduce the risk of chronic disease. These advances will greatly facilitate breeding and production of tailor-made fructans as a healthy food ingredient from wild plants such as huangjing (Polygonatum cyrtonema). The purpose of this review is to broaden our knowledge on plant fructans biosynthesis, evolution and benefits to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Donghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zhigang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
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Nguyen TNH, Leclerc L, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Gravot A, Vicré M, Morvan-Bertrand A, Prud'homme MP. Fructan exohydrolases (FEHs) are upregulated by salicylic acid together with defense-related genes in non-fructan accumulating plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13975. [PMID: 37616010 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The identification of several fructan exohydrolases (FEHs, EC 3.2.1.80) in non-fructan accumulating plants raised the question of their roles. FEHs may be defense-related proteins involved in the interactions with fructan-accumulating microorganisms. Since known defense-related proteins are upregulated by defense-related phytohormones, we tested the hypothesis that FEHs of non-fructan accumulating plants are upregulated by salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the agronomically relevant and genetically related species Brassica napus. By sequence homologies with the two known FEH genes of A. thaliana, At6-FEH, and At6&1-FEH, the genes coding for the putative B. napus FEHs, Bn6-FEH and Bn6&1-FEH, were identified. Plants were treated at root level with SA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). The transcript levels of defense-related and FEH genes were measured after treatments. MeJA and ACC did not upregulate FEHs, while HEL (HEVEIN-LIKE PREPROTEIN) expression was enhanced by both phytohormones. In both species, the expression of AOS, encoding a JA biosynthesis enzyme, was enhanced by MeJA and that of the defensine PDF1.2 and the ET signaling transcription factor ERF1/2 by ACC. In contrast, SA not only increased the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial proteins (PR1 and HEL) and the defense-related transcription factor WRKY70 but also that of FEH genes, in particular 6&1-FEH genes. This result supports the putative role of FEHs as defense-related proteins. Genotypic variability of SA-mediated FEH regulation (transcript level and activities) was observed among five varieties of B. napus, suggesting different susceptibilities toward fructan-accumulating pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Hanh Nguyen
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 950 INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Caen, France
- Normandie Université, Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA 4358, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Rouen, France
| | - Laëtitia Leclerc
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 950 INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Caen, France
| | | | - Antoine Gravot
- Institut Agro, Université Rennes, INRAE, IGEPP, Le Rheu, France
| | - Maïté Vicré
- Normandie Université, Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA 4358, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Rouen, France
| | - Annette Morvan-Bertrand
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 950 INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Caen, France
| | - Marie-Pascale Prud'homme
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 950 INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale Agronomie et Nutritions N.C.S, SFR Normandie Végétale FED4277, Caen, France
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Gomez-Vargas AD, Hernández-Martínez KM, López-Rosas ME, Alejo Jacuinde G, Simpson J. Evidence for Light and Tissue Specific Regulation of Genes Involved in Fructan Metabolism in Agave tequilana. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162153. [PMID: 36015458 PMCID: PMC9412663 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant Glycoside Hydrolase Family 32 (PGHF32) contains the fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolase enzymes responsible for fructan metabolism, in addition to closely related vacuolar and cell wall acid invertases. Agave species produce complex and dynamic fructan molecules (agavins) requiring 4 different fructosyltransferase activities (1-SST, 1-FFT, 6G-FFT and 6-SFT) for their synthesis. Combined analysis of RNAseq and genome data for A. tequilana led to the characterization of the genes encoding 3 fructosyltransferases for this species and support the hypothesis that no separate 6-SFT type enzyme exists in A. tequilana, suggesting that at least one of the fructosyltransferases identified may have multiple enzymatic activities. Structures for PGHF32 genes varied for A. tequilana and between other plant species but were conserved for different enzyme types within a species. The observed patterns are consistent with the formation of distinct gene structures by intron loss. Promoter analysis of the PGHF32 genes identified abundant putative regulatory motifs for light regulation and tissue-specific expression, and these regulatory mechanisms were confirmed experimentally for leaf tissue. Motifs for phytohormone response, carbohydrate metabolism and dehydration responses were also uncovered. Based on the regulatory motifs, full-length cDNAs for MYB, GATA, DOF and GBF transcription factors were identified and their phylogenetic distribution determined by comparison with other plant species. In silico expression analysis for the selected transcription factors revealed both tissue-specific and developmental patterns of expression, allowing candidates to be identified for detailed analysis of the regulation of fructan metabolism in A. tequilana at the molecular level.
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Márquez-López RE, Loyola-Vargas VM, Santiago-García PA. Interaction between fructan metabolism and plant growth regulators. PLANTA 2022; 255:49. [PMID: 35084581 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The relationship of fructan to plant growth regulators is clearly more complicated than it looks and is likely related to differences between fructan molecules in size and structure as well as localization. Fructans are a complex group of carbohydrates composed mainly of fructose units linked to a sucrose molecule. Fructans are present in plants as heterogeneous mixtures with diverse molecular structures and mass, different polymerization degrees, and linkage types between fructosyl residues. Like sucrose, they are frequently stored in leaves and other organs, acting as carbohydrate reserves. Fructans are synthesized in the cell vacuole by fructosyltransferase enzymes and catabolized by fructan exohydrolase enzymes. Several publications have shown that fructan metabolism varies with the stage of plant development and in response to the environment. Recent studies have shown a correlation between plant growth regulators (PGR), fructan metabolism, and tolerance to drought and cold. PGR are compounds that profoundly influence the growth and differentiation of plant cells, tissues, and organs. They play a fundamental role in regulating plant responses to developmental and environmental signals. In this review, we summarize the most up-to-date knowledge on the metabolism of fructans and their crosstalk with PGR signaling pathways. We identify areas that require more research to complete our understanding of the role of fructans in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Márquez-López
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación Para el Desarrollo Integral Regional - Unidad Oaxaca, C.P. 71230, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Víctor M Loyola-Vargas
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43, No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, C.P. 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Patricia Araceli Santiago-García
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación Para el Desarrollo Integral Regional - Unidad Oaxaca, C.P. 71230, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, Oaxaca, Mexico.
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Pérez-López AV, Simpson J, Clench MR, Gomez-Vargas AD, Ordaz-Ortiz JJ. Localization and Composition of Fructans in Stem and Rhizome of Agave tequilana Weber var. azul. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:608850. [PMID: 33552101 PMCID: PMC7855178 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.608850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Methodology combining mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with ion mobility separation (IMS) has emerged as a biological imaging technique due to its versatility, sensitivity and label-free approach. This technique has been shown to separate isomeric compounds such as lipids, amino acids, carboxylic acids and carbohydrates. This report describes mass spectrometry imaging in combination with traveling-wave ion mobility separation and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). Positive ionization mode was used to locate fructans on tissue printed sections of Agave rhizome and stem tissue and distinguished fructan isoforms. Here we show the location of fructans ranging from DP3 to DP17 to be differentially abundant across the stem tissue and for the first time, experimental collision cross sections of endogenous fructan structures have been collected, revealing at least two isoforms for fructans of DP4, DP5, DP6, DP7, DP8, DP10, and DP11. This demonstrates that complex fructans such as agavins can be located and their isoforms resolved using a combination of MALDI, IMS, and MSI, without the need for extraction or derivatization. Use of this methodology uncovered patterns of fructan localization consistent with functional differences where higher DP fructans are found toward the central section of the stem supporting a role in long term carbohydrate storage whereas lower DP fructans are concentrated in the highly vascularized central core of rhizomes supporting a role in mobilization of carbohydrates from the mother plant to developing offsets. Tissue specific patterns of expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in fructan metabolism are consistent with fructan structures and localization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - June Simpson
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Mexico
| | - Malcolm R. Clench
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - José J. Ordaz-Ortiz
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (CINVESTAV), Irapuato, Mexico
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Tamayo‐Ordóñez MC, Ayil‐Gutiérrez BA, Tamayo‐Ordóñez YJ, Rodríguez‐Zapata LC, Monforte‐González M, De la Cruz‐Arguijo EA, García‐Castillo MJ, Sánchez‐Teyer LF. Review and in silico analysis of fermentation, bioenergy, fiber, and biopolymer genes of biotechnological interest in
Agave
L. for genetic improvement and biocatalysis. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:1314-1334. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. C. Tamayo‐Ordóñez
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - B. A. Ayil‐Gutiérrez
- CONACYT‐ Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro, s/n, Esq. Elías Piña Reynosa 88710 Mexico
| | - Y. J. Tamayo‐Ordóñez
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - L. C. Rodríguez‐Zapata
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - M. Monforte‐González
- Unidad de Bioquímica Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - E. A. De la Cruz‐Arguijo
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro, s/n, Esq. Elías Piña Reynosa 88710 Mexico
| | - M. J. García‐Castillo
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
| | - L. F. Sánchez‐Teyer
- Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP. 97200, Mérida Yucatán Mexico
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