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Ardi Z, Eseadi C, Yuniarti E, Yendi FM, Murni AW. Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Local Wisdom and Web-Based Counseling on Generalized Anxiety Disorders and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Adolescent College Girls: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e50316. [PMID: 37606989 PMCID: PMC10481218 DOI: 10.2196/50316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high academic demands experienced by students will often have an impact on the quality of their mental and physical health. The most common health problems reported are gastrointestinal disorders. This condition tends to manifest in the emergence of generalized anxiety disorders (GADs) and reduces the quality of life and productivity. The population that experiences this disorder the most is female adolescents, and this condition occurs in both South African and Indonesian populations. The use of drugs, especially benzodiazepines, often causes psychological conditions as side effects. For this reason, it is necessary to have a solution in the form of a targeted and efficient approach to reduce psychological symptoms that arise from functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in the form of anxiety. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to produce and implement a counseling intervention model to assist female students with GADs caused by FGID factors using an approach combining cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), web-based counseling, and local wisdom in Indonesian and South African populations. METHODS The research subjects will comprise 118 female adolescent students from Indonesia and 118 female adolescent students from South Africa, making a total sample of 236 participants, and the study will use a prospective, parallel randomized controlled trial design. The recruitment process will begin in July 2023, and the trial will begin in August 2023. The posttest assessment data gathering will take place by November 2023. Questionnaires that will be used in this study include the Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder Checklist (FGI-Checklist) to collect data related to FGIDs and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) to measure the anxiety conditions experienced by respondents. RESULTS By adopting the intention-to-treat principle, there will be significant mean changes in GAD scores and FGID scores after exposure to this combined approach in the Indonesian and South African populations. Implementing this comprehensive intervention will improve the students' psychological symptoms related to FGIDs and ultimately enhance their overall well-being. CONCLUSIONS This study will develop and implement a model of counseling intervention for female students with GADs obtained from FGIDs using a combination approach to CBT, web-based counseling, and local wisdom in both the Indonesian and South African populations. The trial findings will contribute to our understanding of the effects of CBT combined with local wisdom and web-based counseling approaches that mental health counselors can use to treat GAD-affected adolescent girls who have FGIDs. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trial Registry UMIN000051386; https://tinyurl.com/yjwz8kht. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/50316.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zadrian Ardi
- Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Chiedu Eseadi
- Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Elsa Yuniarti
- Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Frischa Meivilona Yendi
- Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Arina Widya Murni
- Internal Medicine Department, Subdivision of Psychosomatic Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
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Mas-Herrero E, Singer N, Ferreri L, McPhee M, Zatorre RJ, Ripollés P. Music engagement is negatively correlated with depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic via reward-related mechanisms. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2023; 1519:186-198. [PMID: 36401802 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply affected the mental health of millions of people. We assessed which of many leisure activities correlated with positive mental health outputs, with particular attention to music, which has been reported to be important for coping with the psychological burden of the pandemic. Questionnaire data from about 1000 individuals primarily from Italy, Spain, and the United States during May-June 2020 show that people picked music activities (listening to, playing, singing, etc.) most often as the leisure experiences that helped them the most to cope with psychological distress related with the pandemic. During the pandemic, hours of engagement in music and food-related activities were associated with lower depressive symptoms. The negative correlation between music and depression was mediated by individual differences in sensitivity to reward, whereas the correlation between food-related activities and improved mental health outputs was explained by differences in emotion suppression strategies. Our results, while correlational, suggest that engaging in music activities could be related to improved well-being with the underlying mechanism being related to reward, consistent with neuroscience findings. Our data have practical significance in pointing to effective strategies to cope with mental health issues beyond those related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Mas-Herrero
- Department of Cognition, Development and Education Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neomi Singer
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS) and Center for Research in Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Sagol Brain Institute and Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Laura Ferreri
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Michael McPhee
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA.,Music and Auditory Research Laboratory (MARL), New York University, New York, New York, USA.,Center for Language, Music, and Emotion (CLaME), New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert J Zatorre
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS) and Center for Research in Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pablo Ripollés
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA.,Music and Auditory Research Laboratory (MARL), New York University, New York, New York, USA.,Center for Language, Music, and Emotion (CLaME), New York University, New York, New York, USA
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