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Lanser L, Plaikner M, Fauser J, Petzer V, Denicolò S, Haschka D, Neuwirt H, Stefanow K, Rudnicki M, Kremser C, Henninger B, Weiss G. Tissue Iron Distribution in Anemic Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease: Results of a Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3487. [PMID: 38930016 PMCID: PMC11204586 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Anemia is a frequent multifactorial co-morbidity in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) associated with morbidity and poor QoL. Apart from insufficient erythropoietin formation, iron deficiency (ID) contributes to anemia development. Identifying patients in need of iron supplementation with current ID definitions is difficult since no good biomarker is available to detect actual iron needs. Therefore, new diagnostic tools to guide therapy are needed. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study analyzing tissue iron content with MRI-based R2*-relaxometry in 20 anemic ESKD patients and linked it with iron biomarkers in comparison to 20 otherwise healthy individuals. Results: ESKD patients had significantly higher liver (90.1 s-1 vs. 36.1 s-1, p < 0.001) and spleen R2* values (119.8 s-1 vs. 19.3 s-1, p < 0.001) compared to otherwise healthy individuals, while their pancreas and heart R2* values did not significantly differ. Out of the 20 ESKD patients, 17 had elevated spleen and 12 had elevated liver R2* values. KDIGO guidelines (focusing on serum iron parameters) would recommend iron supplementation in seven patients with elevated spleen and four patients with elevated liver R2* values. Conclusions: These findings highlight that liver and especially spleen iron concentrations are significantly higher in ESKD patients compared to controls. Tissue iron overload diverged from classical iron parameters suggesting need of iron supplementation. Measurement of MRI-guided tissue iron distribution might help guide treatment of anemic ESKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lanser
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michaela Plaikner
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Josia Fauser
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Petzer
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sara Denicolò
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Haschka
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hannes Neuwirt
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kiril Stefanow
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Rudnicki
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Kremser
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benjamin Henninger
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Guenter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Yang X, Sullivan PF, Li B, Fan Z, Ding D, Shu J, Guo Y, Paschou P, Bao J, Shen L, Ritchie MD, Nave G, Platt ML, Li T, Zhu H, Zhao B. Multi-organ imaging-derived polygenic indexes for brain and body health. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.04.18.23288769. [PMID: 38883759 PMCID: PMC11177904 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.18.23288769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The UK Biobank (UKB) imaging project is a crucial resource for biomedical research, but is limited to 100,000 participants due to cost and accessibility barriers. Here we used genetic data to predict heritable imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) for a larger cohort. We developed and evaluated 4,375 IDP genetic scores (IGS) derived from UKB brain and body images. When applied to UKB participants who were not imaged, IGS revealed links to numerous phenotypes and stratified participants at increased risk for both brain and somatic diseases. For example, IGS identified individuals at higher risk for Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, offering additional insights beyond traditional polygenic risk scores of these diseases. When applied to independent external cohorts, IGS also stratified those at high disease risk in the All of Us Research Program and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study. Our results demonstrate that, while the UKB imaging cohort is largely healthy and may not be the most enriched for disease risk management, it holds immense potential for stratifying the risk of various brain and body diseases in broader external genetic cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Yang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Patrick F. Sullivan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bingxuan Li
- UCLA Samueli School of Engineering, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zirui Fan
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dezheng Ding
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juan Shu
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yuxin Guo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Peristera Paschou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jingxuan Bao
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marylyn D. Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gideon Nave
- Marketing Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael L. Platt
- Marketing Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bingxin Zhao
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for AI and Data Science for Integrated Diagnostics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Population Aging Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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3
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Helgesson S, Tarai S, Langner T, Ahlström H, Johansson L, Kullberg J, Lundström E. Spleen volume is independently associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver volume and liver fibrosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28123. [PMID: 38665588 PMCID: PMC11043861 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can lead to irreversible liver damage manifesting in systemic effects (e.g., elevated portal vein pressure and splenomegaly) with increased risk of deadly outcomes. However, the association of spleen volume with NAFLD and related type 2-diabetes (T2D) is not fully understood. The UK Biobank contains comprehensive health-data of 500,000 participants, including clinical data and MR images of >40,000 individuals. The present study estimated the spleen volume of 37,066 participants through automated deep learning-based image segmentation of neck-to-knee MR images. The aim was to investigate the associations of spleen volume with NAFLD, T2D and liver fibrosis, while adjusting for natural confounders. The recent redefinition and new designation of NAFLD to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), promoted by major organisations of studies on liver disease, was not employed as introduced after the conduct of this study. The results showed that spleen volume decreased with age, correlated positively with body size and was smaller in females compared to males. Larger spleens were observed in subjects with NAFLD and T2D compared to controls. Spleen volume was also positively and independently associated with liver fat fraction, liver volume and the fibrosis-4 score, with notable volumetric increases already at low liver fat fractions and volumes, but not independently associated with T2D. These results suggest a link between spleen volume and NAFLD already at an early stage of the disease, potentially due to initial rise in portal vein pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Helgesson
- Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Sambit Tarai
- Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Sweden
| | | | - Håkan Ahlström
- Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Sweden
| | | | - Joel Kullberg
- Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Sweden
| | - Elin Lundström
- Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
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Zhang J, Wang X, Peng Y, Wei J, Luo Y, Luan F, Li H, Zhou Y, Wang C, Yu K. Combined metabolomic and proteomic analysis of sepsis related acute liver injury and its pathogenesis research. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111666. [PMID: 38412671 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis-induced acute liver injury is common in patients in intensive care units. However, the exact mechanism of this condition remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles and mechanisms of proteins and metabolites in the liver tissue of mice after sepsis and elucidate the molecular biological mechanisms of sepsis-related liver injury. METHODS First, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis mouse model was established. Then, according to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) detection in mouse serum and liver histopathological examination (HE) staining, the septic mice were divided into two groups: acute liver injury after sepsis and nonacute liver injury after sepsis. Metabolomics and proteomic analyses were performed on the liver tissues of the two groups of mice to identify significantly different metabolites and proteins. The metabolomics and proteomics results were further analysed to identify the biological indicators and pathogenesis related to the occurrence and development of sepsis-related acute liver injury at the protein and metabolite levels. RESULTS A total of 14 differentially expressed proteins and 46 differentially expressed metabolites were identified. Recombinant Erythrocyte Membrane Protein Band 4.2 (Epb42) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) may be the key proteins and metabolites responsible for sepsis-related acute liver injury, according to the correlation analysis of proteomics and metabolomics. The expression of the differential protein Epb42 was further verified by western blot (WB) detection. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the differential protein Epb42 may be key proteins causing sepsis-associated acute liver injury, providing new and valuable information on the possible mechanism of sepsis-associated acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 1 Jiaozhou Road, Shibei District, Qingdao 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Xibo Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yahui Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jieling Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yinghao Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Feiyu Luan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongxu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Changsong Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Kaijiang Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Zeng Y, Wang X, Wu J, Wang L, Shi F, Shu J. Survival analysis of patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a nomogram for clinical and MRI features. BMC Med Imaging 2024; 24:7. [PMID: 38166729 PMCID: PMC10763420 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-023-01188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to establish a predictive model to estimate the postoperative prognosis of patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) based on preoperative clinical and MRI features. METHODS A total of 104 patients with ECC confirmed by surgery and pathology were enrolled from January 2013 to July 2021, whose preoperative clinical, laboratory, and MRI data were retrospectively collected and examined, and the effects of clinical and imaging characteristics on overall survival (OS) were analyzed by constructing Cox proportional hazard regression models. A nomogram was constructed to predict OS, and calibration curves and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to assess OS accuracy. RESULTS Multivariate regression analyses revealed that gender, DBIL, ALT, GGT, tumor size, lesion's position, the signal intensity ratio of liver to paraspinal muscle (SIRLiver/Muscle), and the signal intensity ratio of spleen to paraspinal muscle (SIRSpleen/Muscle) on T2WI sequences were significantly associated with OS, and these variables were included in a nomogram. The concordance index of nomogram for predicting OS was 0.766, and the AUC values of the nomogram predicting 1-year and 2-year OS rates were 0.838 and 0.863, respectively. The calibration curve demonstrated good agreement between predicted and observed OS. 5-fold and 10-fold cross-validation show good stability of nomogram predictions. CONCLUSIONS Our nomogram based on clinical, laboratory, and MRI features well predicted OS of ECC patients, and could be considered as a convenient and personalized prediction tool for clinicians to make decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, 646000, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, 646000, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wu
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, 646000, Luzhou, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Shu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, 646000, Luzhou, China.
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Nashwan AJ, Alkhawaldeh IM, Shaheen N, Albalkhi I, Serag I, Sarhan K, Abujaber AA, Abd-Alrazaq A, Yassin MA. Using artificial intelligence to improve body iron quantification: A scoping review. Blood Rev 2023; 62:101133. [PMID: 37748945 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
This scoping review explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing the screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of disorders related to body iron levels. A systematic search was performed to identify studies that utilize machine learning in iron-related disorders. The search revealed a wide range of machine learning algorithms used by different studies. Notably, most studies used a single data type. The studies varied in terms of sample sizes, participant ages, and geographical locations. AI's role in quantifying iron concentration is still in its early stages, yet its potential is significant. The question is whether AI-based diagnostic biomarkers can offer innovative approaches for screening, diagnosing, and monitoring of iron overload and anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulqadir J Nashwan
- Department of Nursing, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | | | - Nour Shaheen
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahem Albalkhi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neuroradiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, United Kingdom.
| | - Ibrahim Serag
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Khalid Sarhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmad A Abujaber
- Department of Nursing, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Alaa Abd-Alrazaq
- AI Center for Precision Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mohamed A Yassin
- Hematology and Oncology, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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Wáng YXJ, Zhao KX, Ma FZ, Xiao BH. The contribution of T2 relaxation time to MRI-derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) quantification and its potential clinical implications. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:7410-7416. [PMID: 37869320 PMCID: PMC10585549 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yì Xiáng J. Wáng
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-Xuan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fu-Zhao Ma
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ben-Heng Xiao
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Lanser L, Plaikner M, Schroll A, Burkert FR, Seiwald S, Fauser J, Petzer V, Bellmann-Weiler R, Fritsche G, Tancevski I, Duftner C, Pircher A, Seeber A, Zoller H, Kremser C, Henninger B, Weiss G. Tissue iron distribution in patients with anemia of inflammation: Results of a pilot study. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:890-899. [PMID: 36880875 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Anemia of inflammation (AI) is frequently present in subjects with inflammatory disorders, primarily caused by inflammation-driven iron retention in macrophages. So far, only limited data on qualitative and quantitative estimates of tissue iron retention in AI patients exist. We performed a prospective cohort study analyzing splenic, hepatic, pancreatic, and cardiac iron content with MRI-based R2*-relaxometry in AI patients, including subjects with concomitant true iron deficiency (AI+IDA) hospitalized between 05/2020-01/2022. Control groups were individuals without inflammation. Spleen R2* values in AI patients with ferritin ≤200 μg/L (AI+IDA) were comparable with those found in controls. In AI patients with ferritin >200 μg/L, spleen (47.6 s-1 vs. 19.3 s-1 , p < .001) and pancreatic R2* values (32.5 s-1 vs. 24.9 s-1 , p = .011) were significantly higher compared with controls, while liver and heart R2*-values did not differ. Higher spleen R2* values were associated with higher ferritin, hepcidin, CRP, and IL-6 concentrations. Spleen R2* values normalized in AI patients after recovery (23.6 s-1 vs. 47.6 s-1 , p = .008), while no changes were found in patients with baseline AI+IDA. This is the first study investigating tissue iron distribution in patients with inflammatory anemia and AI with concomitant true iron deficiency. The results support the findings in animal models demonstrating iron retention in macrophages, which are primarily accumulating in the spleen under inflammatory conditions. MRI-related iron measurement may help to better characterize actual iron needs and to define better biomarker thresholds in the diagnosis of true ID in patients with AI. It may qualify as a useful diagnostic method to estimate the need for iron supplementation and to guide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lanser
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michaela Plaikner
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Schroll
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Stefanie Seiwald
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Josia Fauser
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Petzer
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rosa Bellmann-Weiler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gernot Fritsche
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christina Duftner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Pircher
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heinz Zoller
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Christian Doppler Laboratory on Iron and Phosphate Biology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Kremser
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benjamin Henninger
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism of Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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