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Almadhi N, Algorinees RM, Almohizea A, Aldihan KA, Al-Shahwan S, Al Owaifeer AM. Intermediate-Term Outcomes of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation for Uveitic Glaucoma: A Tertiary Centre Experience. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39024467 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2024.2375023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present the outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in uveitic glaucoma (UG) in a tertiary eye center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS A retrospective review of all UG patients who underwent AGV implantation at a single, tertiary care eye center from January 2008 to December 2018. The main outcome measures were change in mean intraocular pressure (IOP), number of antiglaucoma medications, overall success rate in different follow-up periods, complete and qualified success from last follow up, and complications. The success of the treatment was defined as patients achieving intraocular pressure (IOP) levels between 6- and 21-mm Hg with or without additional antiglaucoma medications and/or a minimum of 20% reduction from baseline IOP. RESULTS The study included 74 patients (86 eyes), with a mean follow-up of 4.9 ± 2.9 years. The mean IOP was 32.2 ± 8.5 mmHg at baseline and 16.3 ± 6.6 mmHg at the last follow-up (p < 0.001). The mean number of antiglaucoma medications decreased from 3.5 ± 0.7 preoperatively to 1.3 ± 1.4 at the last follow-up (p < 0.001). Overall survival rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years were 96.5%, 92.7%, 91%, and 56.9%, respectively. Complete and qualified success rates were 37.9% and 48.3% at the end of follow up, respectively. The rate of postoperative complications was 56%, of which 18 eyes (20%) required surgical revision. Bivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis did not reveal any factors significantly associated with failure. CONCLUSIONS AGV is safe and effective in providing intermediate-term IOP control in UG patients. Complications reported in our cohort were mostly transient and conservatively treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Almadhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan Mosa Algorinees
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Almohizea
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sami Al-Shahwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adi Mohammed Al Owaifeer
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Lentz PC, Wagner IV, Draper C, Ang B, Boopathiraj N, Miller D, Dorairaj S. Complications Following XEN45 Gel Stent and Glaucoma Drainage Device Implantation During Glaucoma Fellowship. Cureus 2024; 16:e65582. [PMID: 39192905 PMCID: PMC11349036 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose XEN45 Gel Stent and glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation is safe and effective for glaucoma treatment and should be taught during glaucoma fellowship training. However, complications may still occur, with potentially sight-threatening consequences. The purpose of this study is to describe the management of complications following a series of XEN45 Gel Stent and GDD surgeries performed over the course of glaucoma fellowship training. Methods This is a retrospective case series of XEN45 Gel Stent surgeries performed on 16 eyes and GDD surgeries performed on seven eyes. Patient demographics, disease characteristics, and complications are reviewed. The intra- and postoperative course of five select cases with complications are described in detail. Results The most frequent complications following XEN45 implantation were transient hypotony (10 eyes, 63%), reduced visual acuity (VA) (five eyes, 31%), choroidal effusion (three eyes, 19%), hyphema (two eyes, 13%), and intraocular pressure (IOP) spike (two eyes, 13%). Thirteen eyes (81%) required bleb needling, and three eyes (19%) required XEN45 replacement. Complications following GDD implantation included hypotony (three eyes, 43%), reduced VA (two eyes, 29%), choroidal effusion (two eyes, 29%), IOP spike (two eyes, 29%), implant exposure (two eyes, 29%), and shallow anterior chamber (one eye, 14%). Three eyes (43%) required revision or explantation with a secondary glaucoma surgery. One choroidal effusion following XEN45 surgery and one following GDD surgery were hemorrhagic choroidal effusions requiring surgical drainage. Conclusion Significant and potentially sight-threatening complications may occur following XEN45 Gel Stent and GDD implantation performed over the course of fellowship training. Glaucoma fellows should be ably equipped to recognize, diagnose, and manage these complications both intra- and postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Connor Lentz
- Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Jacksonville, USA
| | | | | | - Bryan Ang
- Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, SGP
- Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, USA
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Mitchell W, Yang SA, Ondeck C, Stewart I, Zhao Y, Roldan AM, Halawa O, Hall N, Elze T, Miller J, Lorch A, Zebardast N. Effectiveness of Angle-Based Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery after Laser Trabeculoplasty: An Analysis of the IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight). Ophthalmol Glaucoma 2024; 7:335-344. [PMID: 38519027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogla.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Angle-based minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (ab-MIGS) has grown substantially, although long-term efficacy is poorly understood. We analyze ab-MIGS effectiveness with and without preceding laser trabeculoplasty (LTP). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SUBJECTS Eyes undergoing ab-MIGS (Canaloplasty, Goniotomy, Trabectome, and iStent) with and without prior laser trabeculoplasty (< 2 years preceding MIGS) were identified in the IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight) 2013 to 2018. METHODS Propensity score matching (PSM) was undertaken to define the following 4 cohorts: (1) standalone ab-MIGS, no prior LTP vs. (2) standalone ab-MIGS, with prior LTP; and (3) ab-MIGS + phacoemulsification, no prior LTP vs. (4) ab-MIGS + phacoemulsification, with prior LTP. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Failure was defined as subsequent glaucoma reoperation after ab-MIGS (either MIGS or traditional glaucoma surgery). Time-to-event outcome and incidence rates were calculated using survival analysis, and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) were generated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Medication data were not available for analysis. RESULTS A total of 164 965 unique MIGS procedures were performed, from 2013 to 2018. After PSM, we identified 954 eyes undergoing standalone ab-MIGS and 7522 undergoing ab-MIGS + phacoemulsification. For eyes undergoing standalone ab-MIGS, those with prior LTP (n = 477) were more likely to undergo reoperation vs. those without LTP (n = 477) at 6 and 12 months. In multivariable models, those with prior LTP were more likely to undergo reoperation over the 36-month period vs. those without prior LTP (aHR, 1.53; CI, 1.15-2.04; P = 0.004). For eyes undergoing ab-MIGS + phacoemulsification, those with prior LTP (n = 3761) were more likely to undergo reoperation vs. those without LTP (n = 3761) at 12, 24, and 36 months. In multivariable models, those with prior LTP were more likely to undergo reoperation over the 36-month period vs. those without prior LTP (aHR, 1.53 CI, 1.15-2.04; P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Prior LTP may be associated with a higher chance of subsequent glaucoma surgery following ab-MIGS, either with or without concurrent phacoemulsification. These findings have important implications for understanding who may benefit most from ab-MIGS, and for guiding patient and surgeon treatment expectations. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mitchell
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shuang-An Yang
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Courtney Ondeck
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ana M Roldan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Omar Halawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nathan Hall
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tobias Elze
- Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joan Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alice Lorch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nazlee Zebardast
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Bouhout S, Bachour K, Harasymowycz P, Jaworski L, Wang Q, Durr GM. Gonioscopy-Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy in Uveitis-Related Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma. J Glaucoma 2024; 33:464-472. [PMID: 38506842 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PRCIS Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) may be an effective first-line surgery for decreasing intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication burden in patients with uveitis-related ocular hypertension (OHT) or glaucoma. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study is to determine the efficacy of GATT in lowering IOP in uveitis-related OHT or glaucoma. METHODS Retrospective case series that included patients with uveitis-related OHT or glaucoma who underwent GATT with or without concomitant cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation at 2 Canadian academic centres from July 2018 to May 2022. Primary outcomes were: complete (no medications) and qualified success (with medication), and failure defined as (1) IOP >21 mm Hg with maximal medical therapy, (2) the need for additional glaucoma procedure, (3) loss of light perception secondary to glaucoma, and (4) IOP <6 mm Hg for 3 months. RESULTS Twenty-one eyes from 18 patients were included with a mean preoperative IOP of 26.2 ± 7.3 mm Hg on 4.3 ± 0.7 classes of glaucoma drops. The average follow-up was 29.2 ± 17.6 months and 76% of eyes (n = 16) had reached at least 12 months of follow-up. At the 12-month follow-up visit, there was a significant decrease in average IOP by 9.9 ± 7.9 mm Hg (38%, P = 0.005) and a decrease of 1.9 in glaucoma medication classes ( P = 0.002). Of eyes, 14% achieved complete success, whereas 80% of eyes achieved qualified success. Six eyes failed (29%) and 5 patients (24%) required additional glaucoma surgery. The most common postoperative complication was hyphema (n = 9; 43%). CONCLUSION This small case series suggests that GATT may be an effective first-line surgery for decreasing IOP and medication burden in patients with uveitis-related OHT or glaucoma. Further studies with longer follow-ups should be conducted to assess its long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Harasymowycz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Montreal Glaucoma Institute and Bellevue Ophthalmology Clinics, University of Montreal, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal
| | - Laurence Jaworski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), QC, Canada
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), QC, Canada
| | - Georges M Durr
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), QC, Canada
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Heiligenhaus A, Bertram B, Baquet-Walscheid K, Becker M, Deuter C, Ness T, Ostrowski A, Pleyer U. [Non-infectious anterior uveitis : S1 guideline of the German Society of Ophthalmology (DOG) and the German Professional Association of Ophthalmologists (BVA). Version: 13.12.2023]. DIE OPHTHALMOLOGIE 2024:10.1007/s00347-024-02007-7. [PMID: 38438812 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-024-02007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
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Halkiadakis I, Konstantopoulou K, Tzimis V, Papadopoulos N, Chatzistefanou K, Markomichelakis NN. Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Uveitic Glaucoma. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1185. [PMID: 38592059 PMCID: PMC10931771 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a common and potentially blinding complication of uveitis. Many mechanisms are involved alone or in combination in the pathogenesis of uveitic glaucoma (UG). In terms of diagnostic evaluation, the effects of inflammatory activity in the retinal nerve fiber layer may be a source of bias in the interpretation of optical coherence tomography measurements. For the successful treatment of UG, the control of intraocular inflammation specific to the cause or anti-inflammatory treatment, combined with IOP management, is mandatory. The early institution of specific treatment improves the prognosis of UG associated with CMV. The young age of UG patients along with increased failure rates of glaucoma surgery in this group of patients warrants a stepwise approach. Conservative and conjunctival sparing surgical approaches should be adopted. Minimally invasive surgical approaches were proved to be effective and are increasingly being used in the management of UG along with the traditionally used techniques of trabeculectomy or tubes. This review aims to summarize the progress that recently occurred in the diagnosis and treatment of UG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Halkiadakis
- Ophthalmiatrion Athinon, Athens Eye Hospital, 10672 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (N.P.)
| | | | - Vasilios Tzimis
- Ophthalmiatrion Athinon, Athens Eye Hospital, 10672 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (N.P.)
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- Ophthalmiatrion Athinon, Athens Eye Hospital, 10672 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (V.T.); (N.P.)
| | - Klio Chatzistefanou
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens General Hospital “G. Gennimatas”, 11527 Athenbs, Greece;
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Triolo G, Wang J, Aguilar-Munoa S, Jayaram H, Barton K. Preserflo microshunt implant for the treatment of refractory uveitic glaucoma: 36-month outcomes. Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:2535-2541. [PMID: 36577805 PMCID: PMC10397285 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02368-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine 36-month efficacy and safety outcomes of the PRESERFLO Microshunt implant in the treatment of refractory uveitic glaucoma. METHODS Consecutive patients with uncontrolled uveitic glaucoma despite maximum medical treatment received PRESERFLO Microshunt implant with mitomycin C (MMC) in a tertiary referral glaucoma practice. Efficacy and safety outcomes data were collected at month 6, 12, 24, and 36, postoperatively. The primary outcome was surgical success, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) between 5 and 21 mmHg or > 20% reduction from baseline, and absence of criteria for surgical failure. Secondary outcomes were IOP, visual acuity (VA), use of glaucoma medical therapy, surgical complications, rate of reoperation for glaucoma. RESULTS 21 eyes of 21 patients were included. The mean rate of success was 0.74 (95%CI 0.48-0.88), 0.68 (0.43-0.84), 0.47 (0.25-0.67), and 0.47 (0.25-0.67, at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months postoperatively, respectively. The mean IOP decreased by 30.7% (95% CI 13.7-47.7), 26.5% (95% CI 3.2-49.8), 33.5% (95% CI 21.8-45.3), and 30.1% (95% CI 7.2-52.9) from baseline at postoperative month 6, 12, 24, and 36, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean ± SD number of glaucoma medications decreased from 4.1 ± 0.9 to 0.9 ± 1.2 at the final follow up (p = 0.0005). No sight-threatening complications were reported by 36 months. CONCLUSIONS Three-year results of the PRESERFLO Microshunt implant demonstrated favourable efficacy and safety profile in the treatment of refractory uveitic glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacinto Triolo
- Glaucoma Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, 162 City Rd, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Jing Wang
- Glaucoma Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, 162 City Rd, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | | | - Hari Jayaram
- Glaucoma Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, 162 City Rd, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, 162 City Rd, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath St, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Keith Barton
- Glaucoma Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, 162 City Rd, London, EC1V 2PD, UK.
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath St, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
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Komatsu K, Harada Y, Hiyama T, Sada I, Hirooka K, Kiuchi Y. Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss after Ciliary Sulcus Placement of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve in Patients with Noninfectious Uveitic Glaucoma. J Pers Med 2022; 12:2075. [PMID: 36556295 PMCID: PMC9785813 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12122075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) reduction and treatment efficacy in patients with uveitic glaucoma treated by the ciliary sulcus placement of the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV). This retrospective study included 27 eyes of 27 patients with noninfectious uveitis who underwent the sulcus placement of the AGV. Each patient underwent a clinical assessment including a CECD measurement before surgery and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery. The mean CECD was 2431.4 ± 367.5 cells/mm2 at preoperative baseline and 2360.5 ± 391.3 cells/mm2 at 12 months (p = 0.074), with a reduction rate of 2.73 ± 9.29%. The CECD reduction was significantly greater in patients with unilateral uveitis than that with bilateral uveitis. The rate of successful intraocular pressure control was 88% at 12 months, and the number of intraocular pressure-lowering medications was significantly reduced (p < 0.001). The current study showed that the implantation of an Ahmed tube into the ciliary sulcus provided stable intraocular pressure control in patients with glaucoma secondary to noninfectious uveitis, and CECD reduction was moderate in most patients at 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yosuke Harada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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Sarcoid Uveitis: An Intriguing Challenger. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58070898. [PMID: 35888617 PMCID: PMC9316395 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our work is to describe the actual knowledge concerning etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures, complications and therapy of ocular sarcoidosis (OS). The study is based on a recent literature review and on the experience of our tertiary referral center. Data were retrospectively analyzed from the electronic medical records of 235 patients (461 eyes) suffering from a biopsy-proven ocular sarcoidosis. Middle-aged females presenting bilateral ocular involvement are mainly affected; eye involvement at onset is present in one-third of subjects. Uveitis subtype presentation ranges widely among different studies: panuveitis and multiple chorioretinal granulomas, retinal segmental vasculitis, intermediate uveitis and vitreitis, anterior uveitis with granulomatous mutton-fat keratic precipitates, iris nodules, and synechiae are the main ocular features. The most important complications are cataract, glaucoma, cystoid macular edema (CME), and epiretinal membrane. Therapy is based on the disease localization and the severity of systemic or ocular involvement. Local, intravitreal, or systemic steroids are the mainstay of treatment; refractory or partially responsive disease has to be treated with conventional and biologic immunosuppressants. In conclusion, we summarize the current knowledge and assessment of ophthalmological inflammatory manifestations (mainly uveitis) of OS, which permit an early diagnostic assay and a prompt treatment.
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Reimplantation of a drainage valve device in refractory glaucoma. A clinical case. КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.17816/clinpract107179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Implantation of various drainage devices is one of the treatments for refractory glaucoma, resistant to traditional surgical methods. The most commonly used glaucoma drainage device for refractory glaucoma is the Ahmed glaucoma valve. However, the long-term success rate of the surgery may be limited because of the development of complications during the late postoperative period. The complications do not allow the control of the achieved intraocular pressure (IOP) level. In such cases, a repeated implantation of the Ahmed valve may be one of the options for the surgical treatment. Clinical case description: Second Ahmed valves were implanted to two patients with refractory repeatedly operated glaucoma at the Department of surgical glaucoma treatment of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution in Moscow. Previously, both patients had the Ahmed valves installed at their places of residence. During the postoperative period, one patient was found to have an encapsulated cyst around the drainage body, and later the revision of the operation area was performed. As a result of the repeated Ahmed valve implantation, the IOP compensation was achieved 9 months after the surgery. Conclusion: A repeated implantation of the Ahmed valve may be an option for the surgical treatment, if the first implant failed to control the IOP, in order to compensate the IOP and preserve the visual functions in patients with refractory repeatedly operated glaucoma.
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11
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Comparison of Surgical Outcomes between Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C and Ahmed Valve Implantation with Mitomycin C in Eyes with Uveitic Glaucoma. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051368. [PMID: 35268458 PMCID: PMC8911249 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared 1-year outcomes of trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) and Ahmed valve implantation with MMC as a first surgical procedure in patients with uveitic glaucoma. A total 38 eyes of 38 patients undergoing trabeculectomy (n =16) or Ahmed valve implantation (n = 22) were included. Surgical success was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤21 mmHg, IOP reduction ≥20% from baseline, no secondary glaucoma surgery, and no loss of light perception. The main outcome measurements including success rate, IOP, and the number of antiglaucoma medications and complications were compared. The overall success rates were comparable between the Ahmed and trabeculectomy groups (81.3 vs. 81.8%, p = 0.987). The mean IOPs were similar as well (p = 0.084), though the number of antiglaucoma medications was significantly lower in the trabeculectomy group than in the Ahmed group (1.0 ± 1.2 vs. 2.2 ± 1.1; p = 0.005). A statistically significant reduction in corneal endothelial cell density was noted in the Ahmed group (p = 0.004). Both treatments offered reasonable IOP control and safety for eyes with uveitic glaucoma. However, significantly fewer antiglaucoma medications were used in the trabeculectomy group. Furthermore, our results suggest that cautious postoperative monitoring with regard to corneal endothelial cell density should be additionally performed after Ahmed valve implantation.
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12
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Ahmad TR, Han Y, Stewart JM. Successful treatment of anterior segment fibrosis with intravitreal methotrexate. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 25:101247. [PMID: 35024495 PMCID: PMC8728572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2021.101247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tessnim R Ahmad
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ying Han
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jay M Stewart
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, CA, USA
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13
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Kaderli A, Demirok G, Üney G, Yakın M, Günal B, Ekşioğlu Ü. Assessing risk factors for postoperative hypotony in Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation surgery. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 41:3381-3386. [PMID: 34019191 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-01900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the risk factors associated with the development of hypotony after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation. METHODS One hundred and ninety-three eyes of 177 patients with various types of glaucoma that were treated with AGV implantation were retrospectively evaluated. Intraocular pressure lower than 6 mmHg related to the surgery is defined as postoperative hypotony. Patients' demographic characteristics, type of glaucoma, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, necessity of antiglaucoma treatments, lens status, previous ocular surgeries, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements before and after surgeries, the need for additional procedures and postoperative complications were recorded from the patients' charts. RESULTS Hypotony was seen in 68 of 193 eyes (35.2%) postoperatively. In 45 eyes (23.3%), it has occurred in first postoperative day and in 23 eyes (11.9%) after the first day within the first week. There was no difference in intraocular pressures between two groups in the first year follow-up. Pre- and postoperative best-corrected visual acuities, age and gender were not statistically different between hypotony and no hypotony groups (p > 0.05). Also, lens status, history of previous ocular surgery, type of glaucoma and number of preoperative glaucoma medication usage were not found to be different between groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Potential risk factors such as age, sex, lens status, history of previous ocular surgeries, preoperative glaucoma medication usage or glaucoma type are not found to influence upon postoperative hypotony prevalence for AGV surgery. Surgery type and personal ocular factors, which could not be determined beforehand, could be more important than demographic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Kaderli
- Ophthalmology Department, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey.
| | - Gülizar Demirok
- Ophthalmology Department, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Güner Üney
- Ophthalmology Department, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yakın
- Ophthalmology Department, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berku Günal
- Ophthalmology Department, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ümit Ekşioğlu
- Ophthalmology Department, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Salloukh AE, Ansari AS, Chiu A, Mathews D. Evaluating the long-term efficacy and effectiveness of Viscocanalostomy and combined phacoemulsification with Viscocanalostomy in the treatment of patients with uveitic glaucoma: 5-year follow up data. BMC Surg 2021; 21:200. [PMID: 33874928 PMCID: PMC8056643 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-021-01176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uveitic glaucoma commonly leads to a more intense optic nerve damage than other types of glaucoma, causing glaucomatous optic nerves and visual field defects. Anterior uveitis is the most commonly associated risk factor. Surgical intervention is usually indicated when all medical treatment has failed. We report five-year results for 16 eyes of uveitic glaucoma managed with viscocanalostomy (VC)/Phaco viscocanalostomy (PVC). METHODS Retrospective analysis on all uveitic glaucoma cases meeting a five-year follow up was completed. All patients were managed surgically with either viscocanalostomy (VC) or phacoviscocanalostomy (PVC). Outcomes evaluated included intraocular pressures measurement pre-listing, on day 1, year 1 to year 5. Complete success rate was defined as achieving an intraocular pressure (IOP) lower than 21 mmHg or reduced by 30% without medications, and qualified success was achieved when IOP was lower than 21 mmHg or a reduction in IOP of 30% with topical medical therapy ± Laser goniopuncture (LGP). If further surgeries were required to reduce IOP due to glaucoma progression then they were classified as a failure. RESULTS A total of 16 patients with uveitic glaucoma were reviewed. Complete success was seen in 75% of patients at year 1, 50% of patients at year 3 and 19% of patients in year 5. Conversely qualified success was achieved in 94% of patients at year 1, 86% of patients at year 3 and 75% of patients at year 5. In the group of patients requiring further surgery, 50% of patients had previous surgeries, including cataract surgery, trabeculectomy and viscocanalostomy. There was a mean number of 4 pre-operative drops before their primary surgery and a mean drop in eye medications of 1.1 at 5 years follow-up. Success rates were prognostically linked to lower mean number of interventions and lower percentage of previous surgeries. CONCLUSION There remains a significant paucity of information in the utilization of PVC in uveitic glaucoma. The advantage of nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery (NPGS) includes the lack of entry into the anterior chamber and the avoidance of an iridectomy which may reduce intraocular inflammation and postoperative complications. Our study shows that non-penetrating surgery is successful in treating advanced uveitic glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis El Salloukh
- Stanley Eye Unit, Abergele Hospital, Llanfair Road, Abergele, Conwy, Wales, UK
| | - Abdus Samad Ansari
- Stanley Eye Unit, Abergele Hospital, Llanfair Road, Abergele, Conwy, Wales, UK
- Section of Academic Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, FoLSM, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alexander Chiu
- Stanley Eye Unit, Abergele Hospital, Llanfair Road, Abergele, Conwy, Wales, UK
| | - Divya Mathews
- Stanley Eye Unit, Abergele Hospital, Llanfair Road, Abergele, Conwy, Wales, UK.
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15
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Magliyah MS, Badawi AH, Alshamrani AA, Malik R, Al-Dhibi H. The Effect of Perioperative Uveitis Control on the Success of Glaucoma Surgery in Uveitic Glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:1465-1475. [PMID: 33859472 PMCID: PMC8043841 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s301648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the effects of perioperative uveitis control (PUC) on postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) and uveitis activity in uveitic glaucoma (UG) patients who required glaucoma surgeries. Patients and Methods A retrospective chart review of 109 patients (120 eyes) which had glaucoma surgery for UG. A total of 66 eyes which had PUC were compared to 54 eyes which did not have. Measurements of IOP and uveitis activity were recorded preoperatively and over 2 years postoperatively. Average number of antiglaucoma medications and frequency of surgical failure were obtained in both groups. Results Over 2 years postoperatively, average IOP was lower in eyes which had PUC. Significant differences in IOP were found at 3 months (P = 0.004), 6 months (P = 0.001), 1 year (P < 0.001), and 2 years (P < 0.001). Lower grades of anterior chamber (AC) inflammation were found in eyes which had PUC. Significant differences were found at 1 month (P < 0.001), 3 months (P < 0.001) and 6 months (P = 0.001). Mean number of antiglaucoma medications at last visit was 0.7 ± 1.1 for eyes which had PUC and 2.6 ± 1.5 for eyes which did not have PUC (P < 0.001). Among eyes which had PUC, only two eyes required second glaucoma surgeries, while 16 eyes with no PUC required further glaucoma surgeries after 27.7 ± 12.5 months (P < 0.001). Conclusion Proper PUC in patients going for UG surgeries results in lower IOP levels and less AC inflammation over 2 years postoperatively. A comprehensive PUC regimen is needed for uveitic glaucoma patients going for surgeries. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/ipqFhnuxR1g
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa S Magliyah
- Ophthalmology Department, Prince Mohammed Medical City, AlJouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman H Badawi
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rizwan Malik
- Glaucoma Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Al-Dhibi
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Neves LM, Haefeli LM, Hopker LM, Ejzenbaum F, Moraes do Nascimento H, Aikawa N, Hilario MO, Magalhães CS, Terreri MT, Sztajnbok F, Silva C, Rossetto JD. Monitoring and Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-associated Uveitis: Brazilian Evidence-based Practice Guidelines. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021; 30:1384-1398. [PMID: 33826468 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2021.1876886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To present a national guideline for ophthalmologic care and surveillance of juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIA-uveitis).Methods: Review article based on medical literature and the experience of an Expert Committee composed of members of the Brazilian Society of Pediatric Ophthalmology/Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology and the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics/Brazilian Society of Rheumatology. Studies with a high level of evidence were selected by searching the PubMed/Medline database. The final document was approved by the experts.Results: The main recommendations are that children/adolescents with JIA should undergo screening according to their risk factors. Ophthalmological checkups should also consider ocular inflammation and therapy. Topical glucocorticoids should be the first line of therapy, with systemic glucocorticoids acting as bridge treatments in severe uveitis. Methotrexate should be the first-line systemic therapy and anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF alpha) the second for uncontrolled uveitis.Conclusions: This evidence-based guideline for JIA-uveitis will be useful for both ophthalmology and rheumatology practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Neves
- Ophthalmology Department, Instituto Nacional De Saúde Da Mulher, Da Criança E Do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Pediatric Ophthalmology (SBOP), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology (CBO), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - L M Haefeli
- Ophthalmology Department, Instituto Nacional De Saúde Da Mulher, Da Criança E Do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Pediatric Ophthalmology (SBOP), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology (CBO), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - L M Hopker
- Brazilian Society of Pediatric Ophthalmology (SBOP), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology (CBO), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Ophthalmology Department, Hospital De Olhos Do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - F Ejzenbaum
- Brazilian Society of Pediatric Ophthalmology (SBOP), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology (CBO), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.,Ophthalmology Department, Santa Casa De Misericórdia De São Paulo Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - H Moraes do Nascimento
- Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology (CBO), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Ophthalmology and Visual Science Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N Aikawa
- Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.,Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital Das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (SBR), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - M O Hilario
- Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (SBR), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Pediatric Department, Santa Casa De Misericórdia De Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil
| | - C S Magalhães
- Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (SBR), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Pediatric Rheumatology Division, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu/SP, Brazil
| | - M T Terreri
- Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (SBR), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - F Sztajnbok
- Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (SBR), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Pediatric Department, Instituto De Puericultura E Pediatria Martagão Gesteira - IPPMG/Federal University of Rio De Janeiro - UFRJ - Rio De Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Caa Silva
- Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.,Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital Das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (SBR), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - J D Rossetto
- Brazilian Society of Pediatric Ophthalmology (SBOP), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology (CBO), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.,Ophthalmology and Visual Science Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Pediatric Department, Instituto De Puericultura E Pediatria Martagão Gesteira - IPPMG/Federal University of Rio De Janeiro - UFRJ - Rio De Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
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17
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Shabbir A, Rasheed A, Shehraz H, Saleem A, Zafar B, Sajid M, Ali N, Dar SH, Shehryar T. Detection of glaucoma using retinal fundus images: A comprehensive review. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2021; 18:2033-2076. [PMID: 33892536 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Content-based image analysis and computer vision techniques are used in various health-care systems to detect the diseases. The abnormalities in a human eye are detected through fundus images captured through a fundus camera. Among eye diseases, glaucoma is considered as the second leading case that can result in neurodegeneration illness. The inappropriate intraocular pressure within the human eye is reported as the main cause of this disease. There are no symptoms of glaucoma at earlier stages and if the disease remains unrectified then it can lead to complete blindness. The early diagnosis of glaucoma can prevent permanent loss of vision. Manual examination of human eye is a possible solution however it is dependant on human efforts. The automatic detection of glaucoma by using a combination of image processing, artificial intelligence and computer vision can help to prevent and detect this disease. In this review article, we aim to present a comprehensive review about the various types of glaucoma, causes of glaucoma, the details about the possible treatment, details about the publicly available image benchmarks, performance metrics, and various approaches based on digital image processing, computer vision, and deep learning. The review article presents a detailed study of various published research models that aim to detect glaucoma from low-level feature extraction to recent trends based on deep learning. The pros and cons of each approach are discussed in detail and tabular representations are used to summarize the results of each category. We report our findings and provide possible future research directions to detect glaucoma in conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amsa Shabbir
- Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur- AJK 10250, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Rasheed
- Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur- AJK 10250, Pakistan
| | - Huma Shehraz
- Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur- AJK 10250, Pakistan
| | - Aliya Saleem
- Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur- AJK 10250, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Zafar
- Department of Computer Science, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur- AJK 10250, Pakistan
| | - Nouman Ali
- Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur- AJK 10250, Pakistan
| | - Saadat Hanif Dar
- Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur- AJK 10250, Pakistan
| | - Tehmina Shehryar
- Department of Software Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur- AJK 10250, Pakistan
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18
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Crichton P, Sanders E, Docherty G, Crichton A. Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Pediatric Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (FP8) in Advanced Age Populations. J Glaucoma 2021; 30:164-169. [PMID: 33955945 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000001701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PRECIS The FP8 glaucoma valve was demonstrated to be reasonably safe with reliable results in an advanced age patient population. PURPOSE As life expectancy increases, a growing number of patients with glaucoma are of an advanced age. There are little to no data looking at glaucoma surgical treatment options in patients over the age of 85. Our study describes the safety and efficacy of the FP8 Ahmed glaucoma valve in this patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients over 85 years of age undergoing FP8 Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation. Preoperative age, sex, intraocular pressure (IOP), and number of glaucoma medications were recorded. Primary outcome variables were IOP and number of medications. Secondary outcome variables included any intraoperative or postoperative complications. RESULTS Mean IOP preoperatively was 26 mm Hg on an average of 3 glaucoma medications (n=56). IOP was significantly reduced at all time points in follow-up for an overall reduction of 42% at 1 year and 46% at 2 years. Mean IOP at 1 year follow-up was 15 mm Hg and 14 mm Hg at 2 years follow-up. Glaucoma medications were reduced from a mean of 3 preoperatively to 2 postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Implantation of an FP8 Ahmed glaucoma valve is a relatively safe procedure to achieve satisfactory IOP and decreased reliance on glaucoma medications in an advanced age population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Crichton
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Vancouver, BC
| | | | - Gavin Docherty
- Ophthalmology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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19
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The role of primary needle revision after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation. Int Ophthalmol 2020; 41:99-105. [PMID: 32851559 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-020-01556-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of primary needle revision after Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) implantation in comparison with glaucoma medication use. METHODS In this interventional case series, 23 eyes of 23 patients who underwent AGV implantation were enrolled. Needle revision was performed when the intraocular pressure was higher than the target pressure before glaucoma medications. Using a 30-gauge needle, the Tenon's capsule over the plate was incised and the bleb was reformed. Patients were examined on a postoperative day one, weekly (for four weeks), and every 1-3 months. Two criteria were used to define cumulative success as a minimum 20% reduction in IOP and 5 < IOP ≤ 21 mmHg (Criteria A) or 5 < IOP ≤ 18 mmHg (Criteria B) without (Complete success) or with (Qualified success) glaucoma medication. RESULTS In this pilot study, we enrolled 23 patients with a mean age of 53.8 ± 12.4 years (25-78 years) who underwent AGV implantation and a one-year follow-up period. The mean number of primary needle revision was 2.2 ± 1.6 (1-6). One year postoperatively, the cumulative success rate was 91.4% and 86.9% based on Criteria A and B, respectively. The average of preoperative IOP was 28.26 ± 8.86 mmHg (range 15-46 mmHg), reaching 13.78 ± 3.54 mmHg (range 8-20) at the end of the one-year follow-up. (P < 0.001) The mean preoperative medication significantly decreased from a median of 4 (range 3-4) at baseline to 2 (range 1-4) after the one-year follow-up (P < 0.001). One patient experienced leakage over the plate, which was successfully treated via conservative management. CONCLUSION This pilot study showed that primary needle revision is a safe and effective method for controlling IOP after AGV implantation with a lower need for medication.
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20
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Lee HM, Kim KN, Park KS, Lee NH, Lee SB, Kim CS. Relationship between Tube Parameters and Corneal Endothelial Cell Damage after Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation: A Comparative Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082546. [PMID: 32781635 PMCID: PMC7464728 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We compared the clinical factors, including anterior chamber tube parameters, in patients with and without corneal endothelial cell damage after Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation. METHODS In this retrospective and comparative case series, patients who underwent AGV implantation were enrolled consecutively. Serial specular microscopy was performed before and after AGV implantation. Patients were divided into two groups depending on whether there was a significant decrease in corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), which was determined by each patient's rate of ECD change (%/year), calculated using linear regression analyses. Tube parameters such as the tube-cornea distance (TCD) and tube-cornea angle (TCA) were measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Clinical factors related to the rate of ECD change were evaluated with regression analyses and compared between the two groups. The tipping point at which tube parameters became significantly associated with the rate of ECD change was identified with broken stick regression analyses. RESULTS There were 30 eyes (32.3%) with ECD damage (group 1) and 63 eyes (67.7%) without damage (group 2). The mean rate of ECD change (%/year) was -18.82 ± 22.97 and 2.14 ± 2.93 in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.001). The TCA was the only clinical factor associated with the rate of ECD change (regression coefficient, β = 1.254, p < 0.001). The tipping point in the TCA was 26.70° (95% confidence interval, CI: 23.75-29.64°). The mean TCD (mm) was 0.98 ± 0.38 and 1.26 ± 0.39 (p = 0.002), and the mean TCA (degrees) was 28.67 ± 7.79 and 36.35 ± 5.35 (p < 0.001) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A wider TCA was protectively associated with the rate of ECD change, and the TCA was significantly narrower in patients with ECD damage. When inserting a tube into the anterior chamber, surgeons should therefore try to secure a wide TCA of about 30°. In patients with a narrow TCA after AGV implantation, increased attention should be directed toward whether ECD decreases continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Min Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.B.L.); (C.-S.K.)
| | - Kyoung Nam Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.B.L.); (C.-S.K.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-280-7604; Fax: +82-42-255-3745
| | - Kee Sup Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.B.L.); (C.-S.K.)
| | - Nam Ho Lee
- Mindeulle Eye Clinic, 9 Samsannam-ro, Boeun 28950, Korea;
| | - Sung Bok Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.B.L.); (C.-S.K.)
| | - Chang-Sik Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.B.L.); (C.-S.K.)
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21
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Ahmed Versus Baerveldt Glaucoma Drainage Device in Uveitic Glaucoma: A Retrospective Comparative Study. J Glaucoma 2020; 29:750-755. [PMID: 32590449 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000001583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PRECIS Baerveldt glaucoma drainage device demonstrated a greater reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) than Ahmed in patients with uveitic glaucoma. The most common cause of failure was uncontrolled IOP in Ahmed and hypotony in the Baerveldt group. PURPOSE To compare the efficacy and safety of Ahmed and Baerveldt glaucoma drainage devices in uveitic glaucoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The retrospective comparative study included patients with uveitic glaucoma who underwent Ahmed or Baerveldt glaucoma drainage device implantation with a minimum follow-up of 3 months. Success was defined as IOP ≥6 and ≤21 mm Hg and >20% reduction on 2 consecutive visits after the third month with (qualified success) or without (complete success) medications and no further glaucoma surgery or loss of vision. IOP, number of medications, visual acuity, complications, and interventions were compared between groups. RESULTS In total, 137 eyes of 122 patients (67 Ahmed, 70 Baerveldt) were included. The preoperative IOP and number of medications in the Ahmed group (32.7±10.3 mm Hg; 4.1±1.3) were similar to Baerveldt (32.1±10.2 mm Hg; 4.3±1.3; P=0.73, 0.35). These at the last follow-up were (18.1±9.8 mm Hg; 2.1±1) in Ahmed and (12.7±6.9 mm Hg; 1.3±1.3) in Baerveldt groups (P=0.04, 0.01). The Baerveldt had greater IOP reduction (60.3% vs. 44.5%) and complete success rate (30% vs. 9%) with higher complication rate (51.4% vs. 20.9%) (all P≤0.05). The de novo glaucoma reoperation rate was 19% in the Ahmed group and 4% in the Baerveldt group (P=0.006). Hypotony resulted in failure in 7 eyes (10%) in the Baerveldt group and none in the Ahmed group (P=0.013). CONCLUSIONS Higher complete success rate and significantly greater reduction in mean IOP and number of medications were observed in the Baerveldt group, but with a higher rate of complications including hypotony.
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22
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Surgical Outcomes of a Second Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation in Asian Eyes with Refractory Glaucoma. J Ophthalmol 2020; 2020:8741301. [PMID: 32280538 PMCID: PMC7125488 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8741301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Results The cumulative failure rates were 9.5%, 20.0%, 32.5%, and 46.0% at six months, one year, two years, and three years of follow-up. At final follow-up, complete success and qualified success rates were 23.8% and 33.3%, respectively; mean IOP and number of medications decreased by 5.6 mmHg (23.9%) and 1.7 mmHg (54.8%), respectively, from preoperative baseline (P < 0.01). More common postoperative complications included hypertensive phase (38.1%), corneal decompensation (23.8%), and tube exposure (14.3%). Conclusion An additional AGV implant had good short and modest long-term effectiveness in reducing IOP following a failed glaucoma tube shunt in Asian eyes, with the mentioned common postoperative complications to be actively monitored and managed.
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23
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Byszewska A, Konopińska J, Kicińska AK, Mariak Z, Rękas M. Canaloplasty in the Treatment of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Patient Selection and Perspectives. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:2617-2629. [PMID: 32021062 PMCID: PMC6948200 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s155057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Canaloplasty is a surgical procedure that has undergone a number of developments since its introduction in 2005. Many thousands of canaloplasties have been performed around the world since then and is, by definition, a blebless procedure. It does not necessitate the use of any antifibrotic agents and results in safe and effective IOP reductions in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) with minimal complications and no bleb-related adverse events. When considering the surgical management of patients with early and medium stages of the disease, canaloplasty can be considered as a first line option. This paper will overview the theoretical effectiveness of canal surgery, the fundamental aspects of aqueous outflow resistance with particular emphasis on the role of the trabecular meshwork, Schlemm's canal, and the collector channels, and the methods available for the clinical evaluation of the outflow pathways in relation to the ocular anatomy. Further, the paper will detail the surgical technique itself and how this has developed over time together with the clinical aspects that should be accounted for when selecting patients for this surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Byszewska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Joanna Konopińska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok 15-276, Poland
| | | | - Zofia Mariak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok 15-276, Poland
| | - Marek Rękas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
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24
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Abstract
AIMS To assess the efficacy and safety of the Xen gel stent in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes with prior failed trabeculectomy and to determine the frequency of complications and further intervention. METHODS Retrospective case note review of all patients with prior trabeculectomy undergoing Xen surgery across 5 centers from August 2015 to May 2017. RESULTS In total, 17 surgeries were reviewed. IOP reduced from 21.5 (±2.4) mm Hg preoperatively to 13.6 (±3.4) mm Hg at month 12 (P<0.05). Medication usage reduced from 2.8 (±0.6) preoperatively to 1.0 (±1.3) at month 12 (P<0.05). Adverse events included: numerical hypotony (IOP<6 mm Hg) in 4 cases (23.5%) that all resolved spontaneously, IOP spike of ≥30 mm Hg in 2 (11.8%) cases and transient occlusion of the implant by iris in 1 (5.9%) case. Secondary filtration surgery (Baerveldt tube implantation) was required in 2 (11.8%) cases. Postoperative bleb intervention was required in 9 cases (52.9%), usually in the first month after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Xen reduces IOP and number of medications in eyes with failed trabeculectomy. Detailed preoperative conjunctival assessment and targeted stent placement is required. Prospective data and follow-up beyond 12 months are required but Xen seems a viable, effective, and safe option after failed trabeculectomy.
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Efficacy of Goniotomy With Kahook Dual Blade in Patients With Uveitis-associated Ocular Hypertension. J Glaucoma 2019; 28:744-748. [DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000001298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Valenzuela F, Oportus MJ, Pérez CI, Mellado F, Cartes C, Villarroel F, López-Ponce D, López-Solís R, Traipe L. Ahmed glaucoma drainage implant surgery in the management of refractory uveitic glaucoma: Long-term follow up. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2018; 93:431-438. [PMID: 29970261 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the long-term efficacy, safety and complications of Ahmed glaucoma drainage implant surgery in patients with refractory uveitic glaucoma. METHODS Retrospective review of consecutive cases of patients with refractory uveitic glaucoma who underwent Ahmed glaucoma drainage implant surgery between 2004-2014. Demographic characteristics of the study population, visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), number of antiglaucoma medications and operative and postoperative complications were recorded. Complete success was defined as IOP≥5 and ≤18mmHg without any medication, as qualified success if IOP≤18mmHg with one or more medications. Patients with less than 12 months of follow-up were excluded. RESULTS 21 patients (26 eyes) were included. The mean postoperative follow-up was 53.5±31 months. Eight eyes (30%) had at least one previously failed glaucoma surgery. IOP was reduced from a mean of 30.0mmHg to 14.0mmHg at the last follow-up visit (P<.001). The number of IOP-lowering medications was reduced from a median of 2.9 preoperatively to 1.1 at the last follow-up (P<.001). Overall, 7 eyes (27%) were classified as complete success, 13 eyes (50%) were considered as qualified success, and 6 eyes (23%) met the criteria for failure. The most common postoperative complication was hypertensive phase in 12 eyes (46%). Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis showed a cumulative probability of success after Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation of 65% at 84 months. CONCLUSIONS Ahmed glaucoma drainage implant surgery may be considered a long-term effective and safety surgical option for patients with refractory uveitic glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Valenzuela
- Fundación Oftalmológica Los Andes, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, España
| | - M J Oportus
- Fundación Oftalmológica Los Andes, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, España
| | - C I Pérez
- Fundación Oftalmológica Los Andes, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, España
| | - F Mellado
- Fundación Oftalmológica Los Andes, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, España
| | - C Cartes
- Fundación Oftalmológica Los Andes, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, España
| | - F Villarroel
- Fundación Oftalmológica Los Andes, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, España
| | - D López-Ponce
- Fundación Oftalmológica Los Andes, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, España
| | - R López-Solís
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina-Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - L Traipe
- Fundación Oftalmológica Los Andes, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, España.
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Diederen RM, Hulsman CA, Zegers RHC, Verbraak FD. Outcomes and complications of Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implants for the treatment of uveitis-related glaucoma. Acta Ophthalmol 2018; 96:e752-e753. [PMID: 29350790 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roselie M. Diederen
- Department of Ophthalmology; Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology; RKZ Eyescan Noord Holland; Beverwijk The Netherlands
| | - Caroline A. Hulsman
- Department of Ophthalmology; Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Richard HC. Zegers
- Department of Ophthalmology; Diakonessenhuis; Utrecht/Zeist The Netherlands
| | - Frank D. Verbraak
- Department of Ophthalmology; Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Gedar Totuk OM, Kabadayi K, Colakoglu A, Ekizoglu N, Aykan U. A novel surgical technique for prevention of Ahmed glaucoma valve tube exposure: long scleral flap augmented with Tenon advancement and duplication. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:226. [PMID: 30170565 PMCID: PMC6119316 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0907-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To describe a new technique and present its long-term outcome for prevention of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) tube exposure in patients with refractory glaucoma. Methods Twenty-seven eyes of 24 patients (mean age, 50 years; age range, 16–78 years; 8 females, 16 males) with refractory glaucoma who had the AGV implant were retrospectively reviewed. For AGV implantation, a long scleral flap combined with Tenon advancement and duplication was used. In this technique, a long scleral flap is created to completely cover the extraocular part of valve’s tube, and the flap surface is covered with duplicated Tenon’s tissue. The average follow-up after AGV implantation was 21.7 months (range, 12–36 months). Results The mean intraocular pressure before the operation, which was 44.1 mmHg (range, 26–62 mmHg), decreased to 14.2 mmHg (range, 8–20 mmHg) at the last follow-up visit, showing 67% reduction with AGV implantation. The mean number of antiglaucomatous medications was 4.1 before the AGV implantation and decreased to 0.9 after the operation, showing 88% reduction. In 14 eyes (51.9%), there was no change in the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and in 11 eyes (40.7%), the BCVA increased by 2 lines on the Snellen chart postoperatively. No patient developed postoperative hypotony, flat anterior chamber, diplopia, strabismus, erosion or exposure of the tube, or tube/plate migration. Conclusions The long scleral flap augmented with Tenon advancement and duplication is an effective and safe surgical technique for the implantation of AGV and preventing tube exposure in cases of refractory glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Gedar Totuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bahcesehir University Faculty of Medicine, Yenisahra Mah. Batman Sok. No: 66-68 Sahrayicedit, Kadikoy, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - K Kabadayi
- Bahcesehir University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Colakoglu
- Bahcesehir University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Ekizoglu
- Bahcesehir University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - U Aykan
- FEBO, Dunyagoz Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Esfandiari H, Loewen NA, Hassanpour K, Fatourechi A, Yazdani S, Wang C, Yaseri M, Pakravan M. Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis-associated glaucoma: a retrospective comparison of primary Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. F1000Res 2018; 7:876. [PMID: 30410728 PMCID: PMC6198260 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15244.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin C and Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in patients with Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHIC)-related glaucoma, a rare complication of an uncommon form of uveitis. Methods : In this retrospective comparative case series, 26 FHIC-associated glaucoma patients received trabeculectomy (n=12) or an AGV (n=14). Primary outcome measures were surgical success, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤21 mmHg, decreasing ≥20% from baseline, and no secondary glaucoma surgery. Secondary outcome measures were the number of glaucoma medications, complications, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and IOP. Results: The follow-up was 34.0±17.7 months in patients that received trabeculectomy and 33.4±18.6 months in AGV (P= 0.837). The cumulative probability of success rate was 41.7% for trabeculectomy and 85.7% for AGV, with no significant difference in complications (P>0.05). The IOP in patients that received trabeculectomy dropped from 23.4±3.3 mmHg to 21.6±5.2 mmHg at the final visit (P= 0.041). In patients that received AGV, the IOP decreased from 24±7.8 to 17.1±2.6 mmHg (P= 0.003). The number of glaucoma medications at baseline were 3.3±0.5 in those that received trabeculectomy and 3±0.6 in those that received AGV (P=0.233), and decreased to 2.4±1.0 (P=0.008) and 1.7±0.6 (P=0.002), respectively. BCVA was equal in both groups and did not change (P>0.05). Conclusion: Primary AGV had a higher success rate than trabeculectomy, with patients also needing fewer medications for the management of FHIC-associated glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Esfandiari
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Nils A. Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Kiana Hassanpour
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Ali Fatourechi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Shahin Yazdani
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pakravan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
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Esfandiari H, Loewen NA, Hassanpour K, Fatourechi A, Yazdani S, Wang C, Yaseri M, Pakravan M. Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis-associated glaucoma: a retrospective comparison of primary Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. F1000Res 2018; 7:876. [PMID: 30410728 PMCID: PMC6198260 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15244.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin C and Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in patients with Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHIC)-related glaucoma, a rare complication of an uncommon form of uveitis. Methods : In this retrospective comparative case series, 26 FHIC-associated glaucoma patients received trabeculectomy (n=12) or an AGV (n=14). Primary outcome measures were surgical success, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤21 mmHg, decreasing ≥20% from baseline, and no secondary glaucoma surgery. Secondary outcome measures were the number of glaucoma medications, complications, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and IOP. Results: The follow-up was 34.0±17.7 months in patients that received trabeculectomy and 33.4±18.6 months in AGV (P= 0.837). The cumulative probability of success rate was 41.7% for trabeculectomy and 85.7% for AGV, with no significant difference in complications (P>0.05). The IOP in patients that received trabeculectomy dropped from 23.4±3.3 mmHg to 21.6±5.2 mmHg at the final visit (P= 0.041). In patients that received AGV, the IOP decreased from 24±7.8 to 17.1±2.6 mmHg (P= 0.003). The number of glaucoma medications at baseline were 3.3±0.5 in those that received trabeculectomy and 3±0.6 in those that received AGV (P=0.233), and decreased to 2.4±1.0 (P=0.008) and 1.7±0.6 (P=0.002), respectively. BCVA was equal in both groups and did not change (P>0.05). Conclusion: Primary AGV had a higher success rate than trabeculectomy, with patients also needing fewer medications for the management of FHIC-associated glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Esfandiari
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Nils A. Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Kiana Hassanpour
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Ali Fatourechi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Shahin Yazdani
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pakravan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
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Chow A, Burkemper B, Varma R, Rodger DC, Rao N, Richter GM. Comparison of surgical outcomes of trabeculectomy, Ahmed shunt, and Baerveldt shunt in uveitic glaucoma. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2018; 8:9. [PMID: 29915970 PMCID: PMC6006003 DOI: 10.1186/s12348-018-0150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Uveitis is defined as a collection of syndromes involving intraocular inflammation which can lead to pain, tissue damage, and vision loss. Ophthalmic surgery in uveitis patients can be challenging due to inflammation-induced fibrosis and scarring. Trabeculectomy and implantation of glaucoma drainage devices (aqueous shunts) have been used in surgical management of uveitic glaucoma, however there is a paucity of literature examining the comparative results of these entities in this unique setting. The purpose of this retrospective comparative study is to compare clinical outcomes of trabeculectomy with MMC, Ahmed shunt, and Baerveldt shunt surgery specifically in uveitic glaucoma. Results Median IOP, IOP reduction, glaucoma medication use, and visual acuity at 6- and 12-month follow-up were similar across groups. Postoperative hypotony rate was significantly different across trabeculectomy (53%), Baerveldt (24%), and Ahmed (18%) groups (p = 0.027); other complication rates were similar. Baerveldt eyes had a lower failure rate compared to trabeculectomy (p = 0.0054) and Ahmed (p = 0.0008) eyes. Conclusions While there was no difference in IOP reduction between trabeculectomy, Ahmed, and Baerveldt, Baerveldt eyes had the lowest failure rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Chow
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck Medicine of University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo Street, Suite 4700, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Bruce Burkemper
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck Medicine of University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo Street, Suite 4700, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Rohit Varma
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck Medicine of University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo Street, Suite 4700, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Damien C Rodger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, 1515 N. Vermont Ave, 7th floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Narsing Rao
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck Medicine of University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo Street, Suite 4700, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Grace M Richter
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck Medicine of University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo Street, Suite 4700, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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Kubaisi B, Maleki A, Ahmed A, Lamba N, Sahawneh H, Stephenson A, Montieth A, Topgi S, Foster CS. Ahmed glaucoma valve in uveitic patients with fluocinolone acetonide implant-induced glaucoma: 3-year follow-up. Clin Ophthalmol 2018; 12:799-804. [PMID: 29750012 PMCID: PMC5936006 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s152035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) in eyes with noninfectious uveitis that had fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant (Retisert™)-induced glaucoma. Methods This retrospective study reviewed the safety and efficacy of AGV implantation in patients with persistently elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) after implantation of a fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant at the Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution between August 2006 and November 2015. Results Nine patients with 10 uveitic eyes were included in this study, none of which had preexisting glaucoma in the study eye. Mean patient age was 42 years; 6 patients were female and 3 were male. Baseline mean IOP was 30.6 mmHg prior to AGV placement while mean IOP-lowering medications were 2.9. In the treatment groups, there was a statistically significant reduction in post-AGV IOP. IOP was lowest at 1-week after AGV implantation (9.0 mmHg). Nine out of 10 eyes achieved an IOP below target value of 22 mmHg and/or a 20% reduction in IOP from baseline 1 month and 1 year following AGV placement. All other postoperative time points showed all 10 eyes reaching this goal. A statistically significant decrease in IOP-lowering medication was seen at the 1-week, 1-month, and 3-year time points compared to baseline, while a statistically significant increase was seen at the 3-month, 6-month, and 2-year post-AGV time points. No significant change in retinal nerve thickness or visual field analysis was found. Conclusion AGV is an effective and safe method of treatment in fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant-induced glaucoma. High survival rate is expected for at least 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buraa Kubaisi
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA.,Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Arash Maleki
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA.,Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Aseef Ahmed
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA.,Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Neel Lamba
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA.,Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Haitham Sahawneh
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA.,Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Stephenson
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA.,Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Alyssa Montieth
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA.,Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Shobha Topgi
- The State University of New York Downstate, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - C Stephen Foster
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA.,Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Bao N, Jiang ZX, Coh P, Tao LM. Long-term outcomes of uveitic glaucoma treated with Ahmed valve implant in a series of Chinese patients. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:629-634. [PMID: 29675382 PMCID: PMC5902368 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.04.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To report long-term outcomes of secondary glaucoma due to uveitis treated with Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in a series of Chinese patients. METHODS The retrospective study included 67 eyes from 56 patients with uveitic glaucoma who underwent AGV implantation. Success of the treatment was defined as patients achieving intraocular pressure (IOP) levels between 6 and 21 mm Hg with or without additional anti-glaucoma medications and/or a minimum of 20% reduction from baseline IOP. The main outcome measurements included IOP, the number of glaucoma medications at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60mo after surgery, surgical complications, final best-corrected vision acuity (BCVA), visual field (VF) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). RESULTS The mean follow-up was 53.3±8.5 (range 48 to 60)mo. The cumulative probability of success rate was 98.5%, 95.5%, 89.6%, 83.6%, 76.1%, 70.1%, 65.7% and 61.2% at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60mo, respectively. IOP was reduced from a baseline of 30.8±6.8 to 9.9±4.1, 10.1±4.2, 10.9±3.7, 12.9±4.6, 13.8±3.9, 13.2±4.6, 12.3±3.5 and 13.1±3.7 mm Hg at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60mo, respectively (P<0.01). The number of postoperative glaucoma medications was significantly decreased compared with baseline at all time points during the study period (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative BCVA. Remarkable surgical complications were not found after surgery. The VF and RNFL of the patients were stable after the surgery. CONCLUSION AGV implantation is safe and effect in terms of reducing IOP, decreasing the number of glaucoma medications, and preserving vision for patients with uveitic glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Bao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zheng-Xuan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Paul Coh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0730, California, USA
| | - Li-Ming Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
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Rotsos T, Tsioga A, Andreanos K, Diagourtas A, Petrou P, Georgalas I, Papaconstantinou D. Managing high risk glaucoma with the Ahmed valve implant: 20 years of experience. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:240-244. [PMID: 29487813 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.02.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To estimate the efficacy and safety of the Ahmed implant in patients with high risk for failure after glaucoma surgery. METHODS In 342 eyes of 342 patients with refractory glaucoma, even with application of medical treatment, the Ahmed valve was introduced for intraocular pressure (IOP) control, in the period of the last 20y. The nature of glaucoma was neovascular in 162 eyes, pseudophakic or aphakic in 49 eyes, inflammatory in 29 eyes and non working previous antiglaucomatic surgical interventions in 102 eyes. RESULTS Follow-up ranged from 18 to 120mo with a mean follow-up of 63.2mo. IOP before the operation decreased from 31.6±10.4 mm Hg to 18.3±5.4 mm Hg (no systemic treatment) at the end of follow up period. When we compared the IOP values before the operation using ANOVA showed statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The success rate was 85.2% during the first semester, 76.8% at 12mo and 50.3% at the end of follow up period (18 to 120mo after implantation). Success rate was 25.7% in neovascular glaucoma, 63.2% in aphakic glaucoma and 73.8% in non working previous antiglaucomatic surgical interventions. Complications due to the implant were: serous choroidal detachment in 14.8%, blockage of the tube in 2.8%, malposition of the tube in 4.9%, suprachoroidal hemorrhage in 2.1%, cataract progression in 39.6% (phakic eyes), shallow anterior chamber in 9.2%, hyphaema in 28.9%, exposure of valve in 2.6%, exposure of tube in 9.3%, hypotony in 4.9% and conjunctival fibrosis in 41.5%. CONCLUSION Despite the fact that Ahmed valve implant had suchlike results as other implants concerning the IOP control, complications rate due to hypotony or over filtration in the first days after the intervention are not that frequent as with other valve implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tryfon Rotsos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens, Mesogion 154 Ave, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsioga
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens, Mesogion 154 Ave, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Andreanos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens, Mesogion 154 Ave, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Andreas Diagourtas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens, Mesogion 154 Ave, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Petros Petrou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens, Mesogion 154 Ave, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens, Mesogion 154 Ave, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papaconstantinou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens, Mesogion 154 Ave, Athens 11527, Greece
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Tan AN, Cornelissen MF, Webers CAB, Erckens RJ, Berendschot TTJM, Beckers HJM. Outcomes of severe uveitic glaucoma treated with Baerveldt implant: can blindness be prevented? Acta Ophthalmol 2018; 96:24-30. [PMID: 28921906 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate long-term outcomes on efficacy and safety of severe uveitic glaucoma treated with a Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI). METHODS A retrospective study of 47 eyes of 47 patients with uveitic glaucoma treated by a BGI between September 2002 and September 2015. Main outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications, course of the uveitis, visual acuity (VA) and complications. RESULTS Mean IOP dropped from 30.6 ± 8.1 mmHg with 3.6 ± 1.1 glaucoma medications at baseline to 10.6 ± 4.3 mmHg with 1.0 ± 1.3 glaucoma medications after a mean follow-up of 63.6 ± 43.1 months. In the majority of cases, IOP remained stable during follow-up. However, especially in several patients with viral uveitis, episodes with IOP peaks were observed during a flare-up despite a functioning implant. These peaks remained below preoperative levels. During follow-up, 16 patients (34%) experienced a clinically significant VA loss, mainly because of late-stage glaucoma or hypotony maculopathy. Early postoperative complications were transient choroidal effusion (n = 5), shallow/flat anterior chamber (n = 4), hyphaema (n = 2) and suprachoroidal haemorrhage (n = 1). The most important late postoperative complication was hypotony maculopathy (n = 5), three of these in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. CONCLUSION The BGI is an effective and safe treatment for patients with refractive secondary glaucoma due to uveitis. In a majority of patients, VA remains stable and a low and stable IOP is maintained over time with an acceptable number of complications. In particular, patients with viral uveitis and glaucoma should be closely monitored for IOP peaks that may occur during episodes of a flare-up of uveitis, whereas at the other end of the spectrum, patients with JIA seem much more prone to hypotony maculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie N. Tan
- Maastricht University Medical Centre; University Eye Clinic; Maastricht The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology; Leiden University Medical Centre; Leiden The Netherlands
| | | | - Carroll A. B. Webers
- Maastricht University Medical Centre; University Eye Clinic; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Roel J. Erckens
- Maastricht University Medical Centre; University Eye Clinic; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | | | - Henny J. M. Beckers
- Maastricht University Medical Centre; University Eye Clinic; Maastricht The Netherlands
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Mansouri K, Ravinet E. Argon-Laser Iridoplasty in the Management of Uveitis-Induced Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 19:304-6. [DOI: 10.1177/112067210901900224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To report the use of argon laser iridoplasty in the management of uveitic acute angle-closure glaucoma. Methods Interventional case report. Results A 46-year-old man developed uveitic acute angle-closure glaucoma with an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 65 mmHg. After unsuccessful attempts with medical treatment and two laser peripheral iridotomies, iridoplasty allowed to break posterior synechiae, open the angle, and reduce the IOP within a few hours. Conclusions Argon laser iridoplasty allowed rapid reduction of IOP and prevented the need for emergency surgery. Therefore, the authors stipulate that it is a viable management option in active uveitic acute angle-closure glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaweh Mansouri
- Jules Gonin Eye Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne - Switzerland
| | - Emilie Ravinet
- Jules Gonin Eye Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne - Switzerland
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Bikbov MM, Khusnitdinov II. [Ahmed valve in glaucoma surgery]. Vestn Oftalmol 2018; 133:126-130. [PMID: 29319679 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma20171336126-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This is a review on Ahmed valve application in glaucoma surgery. It contains, in particular, data on the Ahmed valve efficiency, results of experimental and histological studies of filtering bleb encapsulation, examines the use of antimetabolites and anti-VEGF agents, and discusses implantation techniques. The current appraisal of antimetabolites delivery systems integrated into the Ahmed valve is presented. Various complications encountered in practice and preventive measures are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Bikbov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, 90 Pushkin St., Ufa, Russian Federation, 450008
| | - I I Khusnitdinov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, 90 Pushkin St., Ufa, Russian Federation, 450008
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Sevgi DD, Davoudi S, Talcott KE, Cho H, Guo R, Lobo AM, Papaliodis GN, Turalba A, Sobrin L, Shen LQ. A retrospective study on the outcomes of Ahmed valve versus Ahmed valve combined with fluocinolone implant in uveitic glaucoma. Digit J Ophthalmol 2017; 23:63-70. [PMID: 29162989 DOI: 10.5693/djo.01.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) surgery alone versus AGV with fluocinolone implant in uveitic glaucoma patients. Methods We identified uveitic glaucoma patients with AGV surgery alone and AGV surgery combined with fluocinolone implant from the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Ocular Inflammation Database. Demographic information, visual acuity, and IOP were recorded at preoperative visits and 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Incidence of hypertensive phase, defined as an IOP of >21 mm Hg or use of additional treatment to lower IOP occurring any time between 7 days to 6 months postoperatively, was investigated. Multilevel mixed effects models were performed to compare the outcomes between groups. Results Eighteen eyes of 13 uveitic glaucoma patients with 1-year follow-up data were included. There were 11 eyes of 9 patients (mean age, 56.5 years; 63.6% male) in the AGV group and 7 eyes of 4 patients (mean age, 61.3 years; 71.4% male) in the AGV + fluocinolone group. There was no significant difference in visual acuity change at 1 year after surgery between groups (P = 0.25), although visual acuity improvement was significant in the AGV group (P = 0.01). The hypertensive phase occurred in 91% of AGV patients and 43% of AGV + fluocinolone patients (P = 0.30), with onset of 8-40 days (mean, 18 days) after surgery. IOP and number of glaucoma medications decreased at the 1-year postoperative visits in both the AGV group (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001) and the AGV + fluocinolone group (P = 0.001, P < 0.0001). Compared to the AGV group, the AGV + fluocinolone group used fewer glaucoma medications (0.28 vs 1.30 [P = 0.01]) and had better inflammation control (P = 0.02). The surgical complication rates were similar between groups. Conclusions In uveitic glaucoma, AGV with fluocinolone achieves a similar, desired IOP control but with fewer glaucoma medications than AGV alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duriye D Sevgi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Samaneh Davoudi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katherine E Talcott
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Heeyoon Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ann-Marie Lobo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Illinois, Chicago
| | - George N Papaliodis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angela Turalba
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lucia Sobrin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lucy Q Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Al-Haddad C, Al-Salem K, Ismail K, Noureddin B. Long-term outcomes of Ahmed tube implantation in pediatric glaucoma after multiple surgeries. Int Ophthalmol 2017; 38:2649-2652. [PMID: 29058244 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-017-0743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report success of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in eyes with pediatric glaucoma and subconjunctival scarring from previous surgeries. METHODS A retrospective review of pediatric glaucoma patients who underwent AGV implantation after ≥ 2 previous surgeries with conjunctival scarring. Preoperative and postoperative parameters were recorded to study success, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) < 22 mmHg with or without medications and without serious complications. RESULTS Eleven eyes of 10 patients were included, and the mean age was 12.7 years. Diagnoses included primary childhood glaucoma, aphakic glaucoma, and anterior segment anomalies. Mean number of prior ocular surgeries was 3.3 (± 1.3). Final mean IOP was 17.5 (± 4.3) mmHg, significantly different from the preoperative mean of 24.8 (± 6.8) mmHg, p = 0.01. Mean number of anti-glaucoma medications also decreased significantly from 2.8 (± 1.5) to 1.4 (± 1.5), p = 0.02. The success rate was 82% at a mean follow-up of 51.6 (± 10.8) months. Complications were minor and transient. CONCLUSION Subconjunctival scarring did not increase the risk of failure of tube shunt surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Al-Haddad
- Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, PO Box: 110236, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | | | - Karine Ismail
- Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, PO Box: 110236, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Baha' Noureddin
- Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, PO Box: 110236, Beirut, Lebanon
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Combined Ahmed valve and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation under infliximab in refractory uveitic glaucoma. Eur J Ophthalmol 2017; 28:294-298. [PMID: 28967081 DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the outcome of combined Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) and phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation under infliximab in refractory uveitic glaucoma (UG). METHODS In this prospective interventional case series, 26 eyes of 26 patients with refractory UG underwent surgery under intravenous infliximab. The success rate was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) 5 to 21 mm Hg with or without antiglaucoma medications (AGM), without additional glaucoma surgical intervention. RESULTS The mean IOP (37.8 ± 11.86 to 12.2 ± 2.8 mm Hg; p<0.0001) and mean number of AGM (3.4 ± 1.2 to 0.4 ± 0.1; p<0.001) were significantly reduced after surgery at 2 years. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a cumulative probability of success for IOP control of 92% at 2 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Combined AGV and phacoemulsification is an effective treatment for controlling refractory UG with complicated cataract under infliximab.
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Daniel E, Pistilli M, Kothari S, Khachatryan N, Kaçmaz RO, Gangaputra SS, Sen HN, Suhler EB, Thorne JE, Foster CS, Jabs DA, Nussenblatt RB, Rosenbaum JT, Levy-Clarke GA, Bhatt NP, Kempen JH. Risk of Ocular Hypertension in Adults with Noninfectious Uveitis. Ophthalmology 2017; 124:1196-1208. [PMID: 28433444 PMCID: PMC5522760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the risk and risk factors for ocular hypertension (OHT) in adults with noninfectious uveitis. DESIGN Retrospective, multicenter, cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Patients aged ≥18 years with noninfectious uveitis seen between 1979 and 2007 at 5 tertiary uveitis clinics. METHODS Demographic, ocular, and treatment data were extracted from medical records of uveitis cases. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Prevalent and incident OHT with intraocular pressures (IOPs) of ≥21 mmHg, ≥30 mmHg, and increase of ≥10 mmHg from documented IOP recordings (or use of treatment for OHT). RESULTS Among 5270 uveitic eyes of 3308 patients followed for OHT, the mean annual incidence rates for OHT ≥21 mmHg and OHT ≥30 mmHg are 14.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.4-15.5) and 5.1% (95% CI, 4.7-5.6) per year, respectively. Statistically significant risk factors for incident OHT ≥30 mmHg included systemic hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.29); worse presenting visual acuity (≤20/200 vs. ≥20/40, aHR, 1.47); pars plana vitrectomy (aHR, 1.87); history of OHT in the other eye: IOP ≥21 mmHg (aHR, 2.68), ≥30 mmHg (aHR, 4.86) and prior/current use of IOP-lowering drops or surgery in the other eye (aHR, 4.17); anterior chamber cells: 1+ (aHR, 1.43) and ≥2+ (aHR, 1.59) vs. none; epiretinal membrane (aHR, 1.25); peripheral anterior synechiae (aHR, 1.81); current use of prednisone >7.5 mg/day (aHR, 1.86); periocular corticosteroids in the last 3 months (aHR, 2.23); current topical corticosteroid use [≥8×/day vs. none] (aHR, 2.58); and prior use of fluocinolone acetonide implants (aHR, 9.75). Bilateral uveitis (aHR, 0.69) and previous hypotony (aHR, 0.43) were associated with statistically significantly lower risk of OHT. CONCLUSIONS Ocular hypertension is sufficiently common in eyes treated for uveitis that surveillance for OHT is essential at all visits for all cases. Patients with 1 or more of the several risk factors identified are at particularly high risk and must be carefully managed. Modifiable risk factors, such as use of corticosteroids, suggest opportunities to reduce OHT risk within the constraints of the overriding need to control the primary ocular inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Daniel
- Scheie Eye Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Preventive Ophthalmology and Biostatistics, Department of Ophthalmology, The Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Maxwell Pistilli
- Center for Preventive Ophthalmology and Biostatistics, Department of Ophthalmology, The Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Srishti Kothari
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Naira Khachatryan
- Scheie Eye Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - R Oktay Kaçmaz
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts; Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, Staines-upon-Thames, England, United Kingdom
| | - Sapna S Gangaputra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - H Nida Sen
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Eric B Suhler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Portland Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jennifer E Thorne
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - C Stephen Foster
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas A Jabs
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Ophthalmology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - James T Rosenbaum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; Legacy Devers Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon; Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Nirali P Bhatt
- Scheie Eye Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Preventive Ophthalmology and Biostatistics, Department of Ophthalmology, The Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John H Kempen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts; Discovery Eye Center, MyungSung Christian Medical Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Vasquez-Perez A, Naqib SM, Nanavaty MA. Modified Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty for eyes with glaucoma drainage devices and shallow anterior chambers. Int Ophthalmol 2017; 38:1753-1757. [PMID: 28670653 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-017-0621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a modified Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) technique to avoid risks of endothelial cell loss related to the presence of a glaucoma tube in cases with shallow anterior chamber. METHOD A 72-year-old patient with an only eye and corneal decompensation secondary to a Baerveldt tube was referred for keratoplasty. He was pseudophakic and had shallow anterior chamber. His best-corrected visual acuity was counting fingers close to face. He underwent a combined procedure with withdrawal and shortening of tube followed by a modified DSAEK employing a 7.5-mm donor graft in which a peripheral notch was performed to overlay the silicon tube. RESULTS No intraoperative or postoperative complications were noted. The endothelial cell count was 2000/mm2 after 15 months of the surgery. His best-corrected visual acuity remains 6/18 with a stable glaucoma. CONCLUSION This modified technique of DSAEK offers the benefits of endothelial transplant, and it could represent an option to reduce risks of corneal decompensation due to the presence of tubes in cases with shallow anterior chambers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Vasquez-Perez
- Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastern Road, Brighton, BN2 5BF, UK
| | - Syed Mohammed Naqib
- Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastern Road, Brighton, BN2 5BF, UK.,Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Mayank A Nanavaty
- Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastern Road, Brighton, BN2 5BF, UK. .,Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK.
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Mercieca K, Steeples L, Anand N. Deep sclerectomy for uveitic glaucoma: long-term outcomes. Eye (Lond) 2017. [PMID: 28643797 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeTo report long-term outcomes of deep sclerectomy (DS) in eyes with raised intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma secondary to uveitis.Patients and methodsRetrospective consecutive case series of 43 eyes of 43 patients with uveitic glaucoma. Mitomycin C (MMC) 0.2-0.4 mg/ml was applied sub-conjunctivally prior to scleral flap dissection for 2-3 min in 35 eyes (81%). Combined phacoemulsification and DS was done in 4 cases (9%).ResultsMean follow-up was 68.5±33.5 months. In total, 23 eyes (53.5%) had previous intraocular surgery. Pre-operative IOP was 33.6±12.0 mm Hg. Mean IOP at one, three and five years after surgery was 15.5±5.0 mm Hg, 16.9±6.7 mm Hg and 16.4±5.2 mm Hg, respectively.The probability of IOP <22 and <19 mm Hg was 69 and 62% at 3 years and 60 and 51% at 5 years, respectively. This included eyes that had undergone needle revision and/or laser goniopuncture within that period but had not needed glaucoma medication or further glaucoma procedures. The overall number of glaucoma medications decreased from 3.0±1.2 to 0.8±1.2 by last follow-up (P<0.001). Serious complications included hypotony with macular folds in two eyes and occlusion of the trabeculo-Descemet's membrane (TDM) by iris in two eyes. Recurrence of uveitis was observed in 16 eyes. Seven eyes (16.3%) had subsequent procedures including trabeculectomy with MMC in one eye, DS with MMC in two eyes and Baerveldt tube implantation in five eyes.ConclusionsDS is a safe and effective procedure to lower IOP in uveitic glaucoma. However, as with other glaucoma procedures, a significant proportion of patients will require another IOP-lowering procedure in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mercieca
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - L Steeples
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - N Anand
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Calderdale &Huddersfield NHS Trust, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, UK
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Eksioglu U, Yakin M, Sungur G, Satana B, Demirok G, Balta O, Ornek F. Short- to long-term results of Ahmed glaucoma valve in the management of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with pediatric uveitis. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2017; 52:295-301. [PMID: 28576212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implant for elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in pediatric patients with uveitis. DESIGN This was a retrospective chart review. PARTICIPANTS The study included 16 eyes (11 children) with uveitis. METHODS Success was defined as having IOP between 6 and 21 mm Hg with (qualified success) or without (complete success) antiglaucoma medications and without the need for further glaucoma or tube extraction surgery. RESULTS Mean age of patients at the time of AGV implantation was 14.19 ± 3.25 years. AGV implantation was the first glaucoma surgical procedure in 12 eyes (75%). Average postoperative follow-up period was 64.46 ± 33.56 months. Mean preoperative IOP was 33.50 ± 7.30 mm Hg versus 12.69 ± 3.20 mm Hg at the last follow-up visit (p < 0.001). Three eyes (18.7%) were determined as cases of "failure" because of tube removal in 2 eyes and a second AGV implantation in 1 eye. The cumulative probability of complete success was 68.8% at 6 months, 56.3% at 12 months, 49.2% at 36 months, 42.2% at 48 months, and 35.2% at 84 months, and the cumulative probability of eyes without complication was 75.0% at 6 months, 66.7% at 24 months, 58.3% at 36 months, 48.6% at 48 months and 24.3% at 108 months based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. CONCLUSIONS Although AGV implant is an effective choice in the management of elevated IOP in pediatric uveitis, antiglaucoma medications are frequently needed for control of IOP. Tube exposure is an important complication in the long term. Differential diagnosis between relapse of uveitis and endophthalmitis is important in patients who received AGV implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umit Eksioglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yakin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gulten Sungur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Banu Satana
- Beyoglu Eye Research and Training Hospital, Beyoglu, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulizar Demirok
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Balta
- Dr. Nafiz Korez Sincan State Hospital, Sincan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Firdevs Ornek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey
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Assessment of conditions affecting surgical success of Ahmed glaucoma valve implants in glaucoma secondary to different uveitis etiologies in adults. Eye (Lond) 2017; 31:1435-1442. [PMID: 28524884 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeThere is little known about the long-term efficacy and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implant and about the conditions affecting surgical success in uveitic glaucoma (UG).Patients and methodsThe charts of adult patients with UG who underwent AGV implantation from 2006 to 2015 were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsData of 46 eyes of 39 patients were evaluated. Mean follow-up was 51.93±23.08 months. Mean preoperative IOP was 37.05±9.62 mm Hg and mean number of preoperative topical anti-glaucomatous medications was 2.98±0.27. One eye (2%) was defined as failure because of implant extraction surgery. In the rest of the eyes, intraocular pressure (IOP) was under control with or without anti-glaucomatous medications during follow-up. The cumulative probability of complete success (IOP control without medications) was 78% at 6 months, 76% at 1 year, 71% at 2 years, 66% at 3 years, and 63% at 4 years (95% confidence interval, 61.24-87.81). The cumulative probability of eyes without complication was 64% at 6 months, 48% at 12 months, 44% at 24 months, 41% at 36 months, and 38% at 48 months (95% confidence interval, 34.64-62.85). Complete success was lower in eyes with previous ocular surgery than the eyes without (P=0.061) and it was lower in eyes with active inflammation at the time of surgery than the eyes without (P=0.011).ConclusionAGV implantation is an effective and safe alternative method in the management of UG, especially when it is performed as a primary surgical option and when no inflammation is present preoperatively.
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Intermediate and Long-term Outcomes of Mitomycin C–enhanced Trabeculectomy as a First Glaucoma Procedure in Uveitic Glaucoma. J Glaucoma 2017; 26:478-485. [DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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A Review of the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implant and Comparison with Other Surgical Operations. Adv Ther 2017; 34:834-847. [PMID: 28283892 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-017-0503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) is a popular glaucoma drainage implant used for the control of intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. While in the past AGV implantation was reserved for glaucoma patients poorly controlled after one or more filtration procedures, mounting evidence has recently encouraged its use as a primary surgery in selected cases. AGV has been demonstrated to be safe and effective in reducing intraocular pressure in patients with primary or secondary refractory glaucoma. Compared to other glaucoma surgeries, AGV implantation has shown favorable efficacy and safety. The aim of this article is to review the results of studies directly comparing AGV with other surgical procedures in patients with glaucoma.
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Short-term to Long-term Results of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation for Uveitic Glaucoma Secondary to Behçet Disease. J Glaucoma 2017; 26:20-26. [DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sharon Y, Friling R, Luski M, Campoverde BQ, Amer R, Kramer M. Uveitic Glaucoma: Long-term Clinical Outcome and Risk Factors for Progression. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2016; 25:740-747. [DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2016.1255341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Sharon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Ronit Friling
- Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moshe Luski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Radgonde Amer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Kramer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Combined Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Placement, Intravitreal Fluocinolone Acetonide Implantation and Cataract Extraction for Chronic Uveitis. J Glaucoma 2016; 25:842-846. [PMID: 27300641 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the outcomes of combined Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) placement, intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide implant, and cataract extraction procedure in the treatment of chronic noninfectious uveitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective case series of patients with chronic noninfectious uveitis who underwent AGV placement, intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide implantation, and cataract extraction in a single surgical session performed at 1 institution from January 2009 to November 2014. Outcome measures included intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma medication use. Secondary outcome measures included visual acuity, systemic anti-inflammatory medications, number of uveitis flares, and complications. RESULTS Fifteen eyes of 10 patients were studied, with a mean age of 40.3±15.7 and mean follow-up duration of 26 months (range, 13 to 39 mo). Before surgery, the IOP was 18.5±7.3 mm Hg and patients were using 1.5±1.5 topical glaucoma medications. At the 12-month follow-up, IOP was 12.8±3.2 mm Hg (P=0.01) and patients were using 0.5±0.8 (P=0.03) topical glaucoma medications. At 36 months of follow-up, late, nonsustained hypotony had occurred in 3 eyes (20%), and 1 eye (6%) had received a second AGV for IOP control. Before treatment, patients had 2.7±1.5 uveitis flares in the year before surgery while on an average of 2.1±0.6 systemic anti-inflammatory medications, which decreased to an average of 0.1±0.3 (P<0.01) flares the year after surgery while on an average of 0.4±1.1 (P<0.01) systemic medications. CONCLUSION Combined AGV, intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide implant, and cataract extraction is effective in controlling IOP and reducing the number of glaucoma medications at 12 months after treatment in patients with chronic uveitis.
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