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Maguire M, Laidlaw D, Davies N, Hammond C. The impact of Vitreo-Macular interface abnormalities on the response to Anti-VEGF therapy for centre involving diabetic macular oedema. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024:10.1007/s00417-024-06518-6. [PMID: 38771336 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of Vitreomacular Interface Abnormalities (VMIA) such as Epiretinal Membrane (ERM) and/or vitreomacular traction (VMT) on the response of patients with Centre Involving Diabetic Macular Edema (CIDME) to standard of care Anti-VEGF medications is under-researched. The aims of this study were: 1) To determine the incidence of VMIA at baseline and 12 months amongst treatment naive patients commencing anti-VEGF treatment 2) To compare the response to Anti-VEGF medications at 3 monthly intervals for 12 months in a large cohort of patients with and without VMIA on their baseline OCT scan. Response was determined in terms of: number of injections, central macular thickness and visual acuity. METHODS A retrospective case notes review of treatment naïve patients with newly diagnosed CIDME. Included patients had been commenced on intravitreal Anti-VEGF injections (ranibizumab or aflibercept) at a single centre. Inclusion criteria were: treatment naïve DME patients with a CMT of 400μ or more receiving anti-VEGF treatment with at least 12 months follow up and in whom macular OCT scans and visual acuity (VA) measurements were available within two weeks of baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Exclusion criteria included: previous intravitreal therapy, previous vitrectomy, cataract surgery during the follow-up period, concurrent eye conditions affecting vision or CMT. RESULTS 119 eyes met the inclusion criteria and underwent analysis. Groups were comparable in their baseline demographics. Baseline CMT measurements were comparable at baseline (417μ and 430μ in the No-VMIA and VMIA groups respectively) and improved to approximately 300μ in both groups. From 6 months CMT continued to improve in the no-VMIA while progressively deteriorating in the VMIA group. Change in CMT was statistically different at 12 months between the 2 groups (108μ and 79μ, p= 0.04). There was a mean of 7 injections after 12 months. CONCLUSION Our study has shown a 46% incidence of VMIA amongst patients newly diagnosed with centre involving DME undergoing treatment with anti-VEGF injections. We have also demonstrated a significant difference in CMT and VA response to anti-VEGF treatment in patients with and without VMIA. Initial response was similar between the 2 groups up until 6 months. From 6 to 12 months significant differences in treatment response emerged. Differences in clinical response between patients with and without VMIA may help guide further prospective controlled studies and optimise treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Maguire
- Department Academic Ophthalmology, Guy's and saint Thomas' NHS Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Dah Laidlaw
- Department Ophthalmology, Guy's and saint Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nigel Davies
- Department Ophthalmology, Guy's and saint Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
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Szeto SK, Lai TY, Vujosevic S, Sun JK, Sadda SR, Tan G, Sivaprasad S, Wong TY, Cheung CY. Optical coherence tomography in the management of diabetic macular oedema. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 98:101220. [PMID: 37944588 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2023.101220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is the major cause of visual impairment in people with diabetes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is now the most widely used modality to assess presence and severity of DMO. DMO is currently broadly classified based on the involvement to the central 1 mm of the macula into non-centre or centre involved DMO (CI-DMO) and DMO can occur with or without visual acuity (VA) loss. This classification forms the basis of management strategies of DMO. Despite years of research on quantitative and qualitative DMO related features assessed by OCT, these do not fully inform physicians of the prognosis and severity of DMO relative to visual function. Having said that, recent research on novel OCT biomarkers development and re-defined classification of DMO show better correlation with visual function and treatment response. This review summarises the current evidence of the association of OCT biomarkers in DMO management and its potential clinical importance in predicting VA and anatomical treatment response. The review also discusses some future directions in this field, such as the use of artificial intelligence to quantify and monitor OCT biomarkers and retinal fluid and identify phenotypes of DMO, and the need for standardisation and classification of OCT biomarkers to use in future clinical trials and clinical practice settings as prognostic markers and secondary treatment outcome measures in the management of DMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kh Szeto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Timothy Yy Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Stela Vujosevic
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Eye Clinic, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Jennifer K Sun
- Beetham Eye Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - SriniVas R Sadda
- Doheny Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Gavin Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, SingHealth Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tien Y Wong
- Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Carol Y Cheung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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3
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Hsieh TC, Deng GH, Chang YC, Chang FL, He MS. A real-world study for timely assessing the diabetic macular edema refractory to intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1108097. [PMID: 37265702 PMCID: PMC10230025 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1108097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early Identifying and characterizing patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) is essential for individualized treatment and outcome optimization. This study aimed to timely investigate optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers of DME refractory to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. Methods We retrospective reviewed 72 eyes from 44 treatment-naïve patients who were treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF for DME. OCT scans prior to anti-VEGF were evaluated for serous retinal detachment (SRD), size of outer nuclear layer cystoid changes, diffuse retinal thickening, integrity of the inner segment-outer segment (IS-OS) junction, quantity and location of hyperreflective foci, vitreomacular interface abnormalities, and epiretinal membrane (ERM). The Baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness was recorded at baseline and 4 months after treatment with anti-VEGF. The main outcome measure was the correlation between spectral-domain OCT measurements and BCVA response at baseline and after anti-VEGF treatment (mean change from baseline; ≥ 10 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters in BCVA). Results Partially continuous IS-OS layers (partially vs. completely continuous: β, -0.138; Wald chi-square, 16.392; P<0.001) was predictor of better response to anti-VEGF treatment. In contrast, ERM (present vs. absent ERM: β, 0.215; Wald chi-square, 5.921; P=0.015) and vitreomacular traction (vitreomacular traction vs. posterior vitreous detachment: β=0.259; Wald chi-square=5.938; P=0.015) were the predictors of poor response. The improvement of BCVA trended toward the OCT predictive value of central macular thickness reduction; however, this was not significant. Conclusion Partially continuous IS-OS layers is predictive of better response to anti-VEGF therapy in DME. Meanwhile, ERM is a significant predictor of poor response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guang-Hong Deng
- Tzu Chi University Research Center for Big Data Teaching, Research and Statistic Consultation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ching Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ling Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shan He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Yamaguchi M, Nakao S, Wada I, Matoba T, Arima M, Kaizu Y, Shirane M, Ishikawa K, Nakama T, Murakami Y, Mizuochi M, Shiraishi W, Yamasaki R, Hisatomi T, Ishibashi T, Shibuya M, Stitt AW, Sonoda KH. Identifying Hyperreflective Foci in Diabetic Retinopathy via VEGF-Induced Local Self-Renewal of CX3CR1+ Vitreous Resident Macrophages. Diabetes 2022; 71:2685-2701. [PMID: 36203331 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Intraretinal hyperreflective foci (HRF) are significant biomarkers for diabetic macular edema. However, HRF at the vitreoretinal interface (VRI) have not been examined in diabetic retinopathy (DR). A prospective observational clinical study with 162 consecutive eyes using OCT imaging showed significantly increased HRF at the VRI during DR progression (P < 0.01), which was reversed by anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. F4/80+ macrophages increased significantly at the VRI in Kimba (vegfa+/+) or Akimba (Akita × Kimba) mice (both P < 0.01), but not in diabetic Akita (Ins2+/-) mice, indicating macrophage activation was modulated by elevated VEGF rather than the diabetic milieu. Macrophage depletion significantly reduced HRF at the VRI (P < 0.01). Furthermore, BrdU administration in Ccr2rfp/+Cx3cr1gfp/+vegfa+/- mice identified a significant contribution of M2-like tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) at the VRI. Ki-67+ and CD11b+ cells were observed in preretinal tissues of DR patients, while exposure of vitreal macrophages to vitreous derived from PDR patients induced a significant proliferation response in vitro (P < 0.01). Taken together, the evidence suggests that VEGF drives a local proliferation of vitreous resident macrophages (VRMs) at the VRI during DR. This phenomenon helps to explain the derivation and disease-relevance of the HRF lesions observed through OCT imaging in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneo Yamaguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shintaro Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Iori Wada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matoba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Arima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kaizu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mariko Shirane
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keijiro Ishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahito Nakama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murakami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Wataru Shiraishi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamasaki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshio Hisatomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishibashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Alan W Stitt
- Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Koh-Hei Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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5
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Jones CH, Gui W, Schumann RG, Boneva SK, Lange CAK, van Overdam KA, Chui TYP, Rosen RB, Engelbert M, Sebag J. Hyalocytes in proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 17:263-280. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2022.2100764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Gui
- VMR Institute for Vitreous Macula Retina, Huntington Beach, California, USA
| | - Ricarda G. Schumann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefaniya K. Boneva
- Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Clemens A. K. Lange
- Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Ophtha-Lab, Department of Ophthalmology at St. Franziskus Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Koen A. van Overdam
- Department of Vitreo-Retinal surgery, The Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Toco Y. P. Chui
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard B. Rosen
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Engelbert
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J. Sebag
- VMR Institute for Vitreous Macula Retina, Huntington Beach, California, USA
- Doheny Eye Institute, UCLA, Pasadena, California, USA
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6
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Wada I, Nakao S, Arima M, Ishikawa K, Yamaguchi M, Kaizu Y, Sekiryu H, Mori K, Kiyohara K, Takeda A, Ishibashi T, Sadda SR, Sonoda KH. Hyperreflective Membrane at the Vitreoretinal Interface in Diabetic Macular Edema: A Finding in Ultra-High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:21. [PMID: 36149646 PMCID: PMC9520517 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.9.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Detecting subtle vitreoretinal interface (VRI) findings, such as a posterior hyaloid membrane, is difficult with conventional retinal imaging. We compared ultra-high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (UHR-SD-OCT) with standard-resolution OCT (SD-OCT) for the imaging of VRI abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods This prospective cross-sectional study included 113 consecutive patients (91 patients with diabetes and 22 healthy controls). The VRI was evaluated, and the results were compared between the conventional SD-OCT and UHR-SD-OCT images. VRI findings were also investigated before and after internal limiting membrane peeling during vitrectomy for proliferative DR. Results A total of 159 eyes (87.4%) of 91 patients with diabetes were analyzed. UHR-SD-OCT could detect a hyperreflective layer at the VRI, in which en face OCT showed a membrane-like structure, termed the hyperreflective membrane (HRMe). The preoperative HRMe could not be detected in all patients with proliferative DR who underwent internal limiting membrane peeling during vitrectomy. Although the HRMe did not correlate with the DR stage, eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) (64.5%) showed a significant HRMe with UHR-SD-OCT more frequently than those without DME (35.8%) (P = 0.005). Conclusions UHR-SD-OCT can detect the HRMe at the VRI in DR eyes, particularly in eyes with DME. The HRMe may present a thickened posterior hyaloid membrane that contributes to DME development. Translational Relevance UHR-SD-OCT detects slight changes in the VRI in DR eyes. In the future, it may help to elucidate the mechanism of DME formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iori Wada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shintaro Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan.,Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Arima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keijiro Ishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Muneo Yamaguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kaizu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Haruka Sekiryu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Kiyohara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan.,Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsunobu Takeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishibashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - SriniVas R Sadda
- Doheny Image Reading Research Lab, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Koh-Hei Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Combination of vitrectomy and intentional macular detachment is associated with a faster edematous regression than vitrectomy alone in the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema. Retina 2022; 42:1859-1866. [DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Lin A, Xia H, Zhang A, Liu X, Chen H. Vitreomacular Interface Disorders in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:3266. [PMID: 35743337 PMCID: PMC9224563 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitreomacular interface plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of vitreomacular interface disorders (VMID) in PDR. The macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans of 493 eyes from 378 PDR patients were retrospectively reviewed to detect VMID, including vitreomacular adhesion (VMA), vitreomacular traction (VMT), epiretinal membrane (ERM), lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP), and macular hole (MH). The associations between VMID and baseline factors, intraretinal structure, and visual acuity were analyzed. The prevalence was 78.9% for ERM, 13.4% for VMT, 4.8% for MH, 2.2% for LHEP, and 2.0% for VMA, respectively. On multivariable analyses (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval), fibrovascular proliferation (FVP) was positively associated with MH (8.029, 1.873-34.420), VMT (3.774, 1.827-7.798), and ERM (2.305, 1.460-3.640). High-risk PDR was another risk factor of ERM (1.846, 1.101-3.090). Female gender was positively associated with MH (3.836, 1.132-13.006), while vitreous hemorrhage was negatively associated with MH (0.344, 0.133-0.890). Eyes with all VMID subtypes showed more frequent macular cysts and tractional retinal detachment with poorer visual acuity (p ≤ 0.001). Therefore, the prevalence of VMID was considerably high, indicating that this distinct entity should be considered in interventions for PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidi Lin
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China
| | | | | | | | - Haoyu Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China
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Change of Optical Coherence Tomography Morphology and Associated Structural Outcome in Diabetic Macular Edema after Ranibizumab Treatment. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040611. [PMID: 35455727 PMCID: PMC9027951 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To investigate the correlation between therapeutic outcome and morphologic changes for diabetic macular edema (DME) after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVIR). (2) Methods: This retrospective study included 228 eyes received IVIR for DME. Each participant was traced for two years after the initial IVIR, while the data of ophthalmic examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT) image, and systemic diseases were collected. The study population was categorized into different subgroups according to the existence of OCT morphologic change and the initial OCT morphologic pattern, including diffuse retinal thickening (DRT), cystoid macular edema (CME), serous retinal detachment (SRD), and vitreomacular interface abnormalities (VMIAs). The primary outcomes were the baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) during a two-year study period. The distribution of OCT morphologic change and its relation to primary outcome were analyzed. (3) Results: Comparing the 42 eyes (18.4%) with OCT morphological changes to another 186 eyes (81.6%) without such alteration, the former showed a poorer baseline BCVA (0.84 ± 0.39 vs. 0.71 ± 0.36, p = 0.035), worse final BCVA (0.99 ± 0.44 vs. 0.67 ± 0.30, p = 0.001), and thicker final CMT (354.21 ± 89.02 vs. 305.33 ± 83.05, p = 0.001). Moreover, the VMIA developed in 14.9% of all DME patients presenting the most common morphologic change among DRT, CME, and SRD. Besides, the presence of stroke was independently correlated to the morphologic change (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 6.381, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.112–36.623, p = 0.038). (4) Conclusions: The change of OCT morphology in DME patients receiving IVIR was correlated to worse structural and visual outcome while the formation of VMIA most commonly occurred after initial treatment.
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Tran THC, Verdun S, Le Rouic JF, Uzzan J, Milazzo S, Kodjikian L, Erginay A. Two-Year Outcome of Aflibercept Intravitreal Injection in Vitrectomized Eyes with Diabetic Macular Edema. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:603-609. [PMID: 35310546 PMCID: PMC8923833 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s352152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ha Chau Tran
- Ophthalmology Department, Lille Catholic Hospitals, Lille Catholic University, INSERM, U1172, Lille, France
- Correspondence: Thi Ha Chau Tran, Ophthalmology Department, Lille Catholic Hospitals, Lille Catholic University, INSERM, Boulevard de Belfort – BP387. 59020 Lille Cedex, U1171, France, Tel +33 3 20 87 74 42, Fax +33 20 87 75 58, Email
| | - Stephane Verdun
- Biostatistics Department-Delegations for Clinical Research and Innovation, Lille Catholic Hospitals, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Solange Milazzo
- Ophthalmology Department, Picardie Jules Verne University, Amiens, France
| | - Laurent Kodjikian
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospice Civils de Lyon, Lyon 1 University, UMR-CNRS 5510, Lyon, France
| | - Ali Erginay
- Ophthalmology Department, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France
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11
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Factors associated with diabetic macular edema in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 260:2191-2200. [PMID: 35192029 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05595-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify factors associated with diabetic macular edema (DME) and to characterize the types of DME present in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). METHODS Observational, retrospective case series of PDR patients reviewed for demographic information, general medical history, ophthalmologic history, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiogram image characteristics. DME and vitreomacular interface (VMI) status were determined using OCT images. DME was defined as center-involving DME (CI-DME) and noncenter-involving DME (NCI-DME). VMI was defined as vitreomacular adhesion (VMA), vitreomacular traction (VMT), or macular posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). RESULTS A total of 293 eyes of 210 screened patients with PDR were included. Of the eyes, 194/293 (66.2%) had DME, and 99/293 (33.8%) had no DME; in univariable analysis, there were no significant differences in VMI status (p = 0.4) or epiretinal membrane (ERM, p = 0.1) between them. Of 194 eyes with DME, 90/194 (46.4%) had CI-DME, and 104/194 (53.6%) had NCI-DME. In univariable analysis, CI-DME eyes were significantly more likely than NCI-DME eyes to have a PVD (p = 0.029) and ERM (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, the presence of younger age (p = 0.028) and presence of ERM (p = 0.001) were significantly more likely to be observed in eyes with CI-DME. CONCLUSION In this exploratory study focused on diabetic patients with PDR, we determined that VMI status did not have a significant association with DME in general, but VMI status, younger age, and presence of ERM may be associated with CI-DME.
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12
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Lei C, Zhang Y, Zhang M. The association between different hypoglycemic regimens and postoperative diabetic macular edema after vitrectomy in the Japanese patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:764254. [PMID: 35937830 PMCID: PMC9355608 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.764254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the association between different hypoglycemic regimens and postoperative diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS A secondary analysis based on a retrospective cohort study. RESULTS In this secondary analysis, 124 eyes from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) between January 2008 and September 2012 were included. We found that compared with oral hypoglycemic medication, oral hypoglycemic medication plus insulin treatment revealed an insignificant relationship with postoperative DME (odds ratio [OR]=0.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.12-5.21, P=0.8167), only insulin treatment revealed a significant association with postoperative DME (OR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.01-0.84, P=0.0337) after adjusted age, sex. After adjusted age, sex, diabetes mellitus (DM) duration, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), the results did not have obvious changes (OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.09-4.26, P=0.6187; OR=0.07, 95% CI: 0.01-0.65, P=0.0197). Furthermore, after adjusted age, sex, DM duration, HbA1c, hypertension, intraoperative retinal photocoagulation, vitreous hemorrhage, macular detachment, fibrovascular membrane, intraocular lens implantation and microincision vitrectomy surgery, the results were consistent (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.05-9.49, P=0.7621; OR=0.06, 95% CI: 0.00-0.81, P=0.0342). The same trend was observed in these adjusted models as well (p for trend was 0.0254, 0.0141, and 0.0311, respectively). CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results of the secondary analysis should be interpreted as a significant association between insulin treatment and reduced risks of postoperative DME in Japanese PDR patients with PPV surgery, compared with oral medications. Well glycemic control with longstanding insulin therapy may be beneficial to reduce the risks of postoperative DME in PDR patients. Our investigation calls for large-scale and long-term prospective clinical studies for a full evaluation of the exact role of insulin in the progression of postoperative DME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meixia Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Meixia Zhang,
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13
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Comparison of the 1-Year Visual and Anatomical Outcomes between Subthreshold Red (670 nm) and Yellow (577 nm) Micro-Pulse Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111100. [PMID: 34832882 PMCID: PMC8625374 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the efficacy and safety of red (670 nm) subthreshold micropulse laser (SMPL) treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) and compared the 1-year treatment outcomes of red and yellow (577 nm) SMPL for DME. A medical chart review was performed in 43 consecutive eyes of 35 patients who underwent red or yellow SMPL treatment for DME and were followed up for 12 months. There were 26 and 17 eyes in the yellow and red SMPL groups, respectively. The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was maintained throughout the follow-up period of 12 months in the yellow and red SMPL groups (p = 0.39, p = 0.70, respectively). The central retinal thickness (CRT) measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was significantly decreased at 12 months from baseline in the yellow and red SMPL groups (p = 0.047, p = 0.03, respectively). Although the amount of CRT reduction in the red SMPL group was significantly greater than that in the yellow SMPL group at 8 months from baseline (p = 0.02), the significance disappeared at the final follow-up period (p = 0.44). The red SMPL maintained the BCVA in patients with center-involving DME. The mean CRT in the red SMPL group significantly decreased, and the amount of CRT reduction was equivalent to that in the yellow SMPL group.
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14
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Kwon JW, Kim B, Jee D, Cho YK. Aqueous humor analyses of diabetic macular edema patients with subretinal fluid. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20985. [PMID: 34697354 PMCID: PMC8546094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema (DME) patients with or without subretinal fluid (SRF). We compared their baseline characteristics: aqueous concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17, as well as tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and placental growth factor (PlGF). We also compared fundus and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, and responsiveness to anti-VEGF treatments. Of 67 DME patients, 18 (26.87%) had SRF. Compared to the no SRF group, the SRF group had significantly higher levels of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, and PlGF in aqueous humor. After grouping according to diabetic retinopathy stage, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) patients with SRF had higher aqueous levels of IL-6 and IL-8, compared to NPDR patients without SRF. Moreover, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients with SRF had higher aqueous levels of VEGF and PlGF, compared to PDR patients without SRF. Fundus and OCT analyses revealed that the SRF group had a greater proportion of patients with succinate or patch-shaped hard exudates involving the macula, and greater central subfield thickness (CST) at baseline. After 6 months of anti-VEGF treatments, the SRF group showed better responsiveness in terms of CST; however, visual acuity was not correlated with responsiveness. Considering higher aqueous levels of VEGFs and pro-inflammatory cytokines, SRF could be a biomarker related to diabetic retinopathy activity. DME patients with SRF showed better anatomical responsiveness to anti-VEGF treatments, but did not show better functional improvement on short-term evaluation compared to those of DME patients without SRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, #93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-ku, Suwon, 16247, Kyunggi-do, Korea.
| | - Byungjin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, #93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-ku, Suwon, 16247, Kyunggi-do, Korea
| | - Donghyun Jee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, #93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-ku, Suwon, 16247, Kyunggi-do, Korea
| | - Yang Kyung Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, #93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-ku, Suwon, 16247, Kyunggi-do, Korea.
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15
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Ivastinovic D, Haas A, Weger M, Seidel G, Mayer-Xanthaki C, Lindner E, Guttmann A, Wedrich A. Vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema and the relevance of external limiting membrane. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:334. [PMID: 34525998 PMCID: PMC8444500 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-02095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the relevance of external limiting membrane (ELM) on the visual and morphological results in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) that underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with epiretinal membrane (ERM) and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. METHODS Medical records of patients with DME who underwent PPV at our unit between January 2017 and December 2019 were reviewed. We assessed preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) using spectral domain OCT (optical coherence tomography). Exclusion criteria were previous PPV; incomplete data; concomitant diseases including retinal vein occlusion, age-related macular degeneration, uveitis; and a follow-up of less than 12 months. The surgeries were performed using 23- or 27-gauge vitrectomy. The ELM was graded depending on its configuration (grade 0 = intact, grade 1 to 3: disruption of varying extent). RESULTS Ninety-nine eyes were enrolled. The postoperative follow up averaged 23.7 months. The preoperative and final BCVA averaged 0.71 ± 0.28 and 0.52 ± 0.3 logMAR, respectively (p = 0.002). The CMT averaged 515.2 ± 209.1 μm preoperatively and 327 ± 66.1 μm postoperatively (p = 0.001). Eyes with intact ELM (n = 8) had a significantly better BCVA compared to those with ELM disruption (0.28 ± 0.14 vs. 0.7 ± 0.25 logMAR, p = 0.01). The final CMT was similar among the groups (intact ELM: 317 ± 54.6 μm; ELM disruption: 334 ± 75.2, p = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS PPV with ERM and ILM peeling is an effective treatment of DME. Eyes with intact ELM preoperatively had a significantly better final visual outcome. To maximize the benefit for patients with DME we recommend early PPV as long as ELM is intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domagoj Ivastinovic
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 4, 8036, Graz, Austria.
| | - Anton Haas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 4, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Weger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 4, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Seidel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 4, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Ewald Lindner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 4, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Guttmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 4, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Wedrich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 4, 8036, Graz, Austria
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16
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Wang Y, Zhao X, Zhang W, Yang J, Chen Y. FOVEA-SPARING VERSUS COMPLETE INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING IN VITRECTOMY FOR VITREOMACULAR INTERFACE DISEASES: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Retina 2021; 41:1143-1152. [PMID: 34001832 PMCID: PMC8140668 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in vitrectomy compared with traditional complete ILM peeling in vitreomacular interface diseases, including macular hole (MH), epiretinal membrane, macular foveoschisis, myopic traction maculopathy, and the like. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, CNKI Databases, and the ClinicalTrials.gov website (PROSPERO number CRD42020187401) were searched. Controlled trials comparing fovea-sparing with complete ILM peeling were included. Postoperative changes in best-corrected visual acuity, central retinal thickness in vitreomacular interface diseases, the incidence of MH closure in MH cases, full-thickness macular hole development in non-MH cases, and retinal reattachment in retinoschisis cases were extracted. RESULTS Fourteen studies (487 eyes) were eligible. Compared with complete ILM peeling, the fovea-sparing technique revealed significant improvement in best-corrected visual acuity ( logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; weighted mean difference = -0.70; 95% confidence interval, -1.11 to -0.30), and a reduced incidence of full-thickness macular hole was noted in non-MH cases (risk ratios = 0.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.08-0.76). However, no significant differences in mean change in central retinal thickness, incidence of MH closure in MH cases, and retinal reattachment in retinoschisis cases were noted. CONCLUSION Based on current evidence, fovea-sparing ILM peeling significantly improve visual outcomes and decrease complications of full-thickness macular hole development in vitreomacular interface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; and
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; and
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; and
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; and
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Youxin Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; and
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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17
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Kuroiwa DAK, Malerbi FK, Regatieri CVS. NEW INSIGHTS IN RESISTANT DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA. Ophthalmologica 2021; 244:485-494. [PMID: 34023834 DOI: 10.1159/000516614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Korn Malerbi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Wu D, Kanda A, Liu Y, Noda K, Murata M, Ishida S. Involvement of Müller Glial Autoinduction of TGF-β in Diabetic Fibrovascular Proliferation Via Glial-Mesenchymal Transition. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:29. [PMID: 33369638 PMCID: PMC7774059 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.14.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Müller glial–mesenchymal transition (GMT) is reported as the fibrogenic mechanism promoted by TGF-β–SNAIL axis in Müller cells transdifferentiated into myofibroblasts. Here we show the multifaceted involvement of TGF-β in diabetic fibrovascular proliferation via Müller GMT and VEGF-A production. Methods Surgically excised fibrovascular tissues from the eyes of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy were processed for immunofluorescence analyses of TGF-β downstream molecules. Human Müller glial cells were used to evaluate changes in gene and protein expression with real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA, respectively. Immunoblot analyses were performed to detect TGF-β signal activation. Results Müller glial cells in patient fibrovascular tissues were immunopositive for GMT-related molecular markers, including SNAIL and smooth muscle protein 22, together with colocalization of VEGF-A and TGF-β receptors. In vitro administration of TGF-β1/2 upregulated TGFB1 and TGFB2, both of which were suppressed by inhibitors for nuclear factor-κB, glycogen synthase kinase-3, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Of the various profibrotic cytokines, TGF-β1/2 application exclusively induced Müller glial VEGFA mRNA expression, which was decreased by pretreatment with small interfering RNA for SMAD2 and inhibitors for p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Supporting these findings, TGF-β1/2 stimulation to Müller cells increased the phosphorylation of these intracellular signaling molecules, all of which were also activated in Müller glial cells in patient fibrovascular tissues. Conclusions This study underscored the significance of Müller glial autoinduction of TGF-β as a pathogenic cue to facilitate diabetic fibrovascular proliferation via TGF-β–driven GMT and VEGF-A–driven angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Kanda
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ye Liu
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Noda
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Murata
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Susumu Ishida
- Laboratory of Ocular Cell Biology and Visual Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Tran THC, Erginay A, Verdun S, Fourmaux E, Le Rouic JF, Uzzan J, Milazzo S, Baillif S, Kodjikian L. One-Year Outcome of Aflibercept Intravitreal Injection in Vitrectomized Eyes with Diabetic Macular Edema. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:1971-1978. [PMID: 34007150 PMCID: PMC8123959 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s304030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal Aflibercept injection (IAI) for vitrectomized eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) at one year. Methods This is a prospective, non-comparative, multicenter observational study including diabetic patients whose HbA1c is < 9%, with visual acuity between 20/400 to 20/40 due to DME, who have undergone vitrectomy since at least 3 months before the first aflibercept injection. Treatment protocol included 5 monthly aflibercept injection followed by a ProReNata regimen during the first year. Visual acuity, OCT findings and number of IAI were assessed at 6 months and one year. Results Forty-six eyes were included. Indications for vitrectomy were epiretinal membrane (58.7%), intravitreal hemorrhage (26.1%), and vitreomacular traction (8.7%), retinal detachment (4.3%), and other cause (4.3%). Median duration of macular edema was 3 years. Median interval between vitrectomy and first visit was 9 months. Thirty eyes were non-naïve and received previously thermal laser (44.3%), intravitreal injection of triamcinolone (26.7%), of ranibizumab (70%), of dexamethasone implant (36.7%), or bevacizumab (6.7%). Data was available for 35 eyes at 1 year. Visual gain was significant, +6 letters (p <0.001) and central subfield thickness (CST) decreased significantly (−108μm, p < 0.001) at 1 year. Mean number of injections was 9.3 and mean interval injection was 5.8 weeks. Conclusion These results suggest that IAI may be beneficial in vitrectomized eyes with refractory DME which require frequent injections to obtain visual and anatomical improvement. Clinical Trial Registration http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, registration Number NCT02874859.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ha Chau Tran
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Université Catholique de Lille, Faculté de Médecine et Maieutique, INSERM U1171, Lille, France
| | - Ali Erginay
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Lariboisière APHP, Universite de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Verdun
- Département de Recherche Médicale, Groupement des Hôpitaux Catholiques de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | - Solange Milazzo
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Amiens Picardie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Stephanie Baillif
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Université Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Laurent Kodjikian
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Croix Rousse Hospital, Hospice Cilvils de Lyon 1, Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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20
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Guo J, Bi X, Chen SN, Chen S, He GH, Wu B, Zhang W, Wang J. Efficacy of internal limiting membrane peeling for diabetic macular edema after preoperative anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:1758-1764. [PMID: 33215007 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.11.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the efficacy of minimally invasive vitrectomy (MIV) with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling on the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) combining with preoperative anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection. METHODS Totally 132 eyes (132 patients) diagnosed PDR with DME were included between June 2015 and June 2018 in Tianjin Eye Hospital. The single MIV treatment group included 68 eyes and the MIV combined with ILM peeling group included 64 eyes. Anti-VEGF drugs were injected intravitreally 1wk before the operation and the period of follow-up was 1 to 3y. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), total macular volume (TMV), macular edema (ME) severity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and complications were recorded. Prognostic factors of visual acuity following ILM peeling were analyzed. RESULTS The BCVA was higher than preoperative values at 1, 3, 6, and 12mo after surgery in both groups (all P<0.05). At 6 and 12mo, the BCVA of the combined group was significantly higher than that of the MIV only group (0.52±0.23 vs 0.64±0.29 logMAR, P=0.011 in 6mo; 0.41±0.25 vs 0.52±0.25 logMAR, P=0.008 in 12mo). Mean CRT values postoperative were significantly lower than preoperative values in both groups from the 1st month (1mo 397.65±106.18 vs 451.94±118.88 µm in MIV only group; 388.88±108.68 vs 464.36±111.53 µm in combined group; both P<0.05) and decreased gradually. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant at 3, 6, and 12mo (P=0.004, 0.003, 0.00 respectively). The TMV was decreased from the 3rd month in the single treatment group (3mo 11.14±1.66 vs 12.20±2.09 mm3, P<0.05). At 12mo, the proportion of eyes with edema that had CRT more than 350 µm was significantly lower than before surgery (13.24% vs 77.94% in MIV only group; 1.56% vs 81.25% in combined group; both P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the recurrence incidence of macular epiretinal membrane, ME, transient IOP increase, vitreous rebleeding, or traction retinal detachment between the two groups. BCVA after ILM excision was positively correlated with the CRT and ME degree before and after surgery (r=0.430, 0.485, respectively; P<0.05). CONCLUSION MIV combined with ILM peeling accelerates the absorption of ME, improves vision, reduces the postoperative CRT and TMV, and reduces the recurrence rate of postoperative ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xue Bi
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shan-Na Chen
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China.,Xiamen Kehong Eye Hospital, Xiamen 361000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Song Chen
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Guang-Hui He
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China
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21
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Haritoglou C, Maier M, Neubauer AS, Augustin AJ. Current concepts of pharmacotherapy of diabetic macular edema. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:467-475. [PMID: 31957495 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1713093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a sight threatening disease and a major cause for blindness for people in working age. The pathogenesis is multifactorial and complex. The pharmacotherapy of DME addresses both the inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by the intravitreal injection of VEGF inhibitors and inflammatory processes by the intravitreal application of steroids. Several trials have been published reporting on the efficacy and safety of these treatments.Areas covered: This review discusses original research articles including basic science and clinical studies as well as review articles focusing on the role of inflammation and VEGF expression in DME. It discusses newly published clinical trials on intravitreal pharmacotherapy for DME. The literature was searched using Medline/PubMed and was selected given its relevance for the topic to be discussed.Expert opinion: Our knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of diabetic macular edema has significantly increased. Some of these insights have been successfully transferred into current treatment strategies already including VEGF suppression or anti-inflammatory treatments using steroids. The identification of additional pathophysiological aspects and their relevance as potential treatment targets will be a future challenge in the treatment of DME. A better knowledge on the complex pathophysiology will also help to establish combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathias Maier
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tech Univ Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aljoscha S Neubauer
- Practice for Ophthalmology & the Institute for Health & Pharmacoeconomics, Muenchen, Germany
| | - Albert J Augustin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
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22
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Real-world management and long-term outcomes of diabetic macular oedema with good visual acuity. Eye (Lond) 2019; 34:1108-1115. [PMID: 31659287 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the management and long-term outcomes of patients with diabetic macular oedema (DMO) and good initial visual acuity in real-world settings. METHODS We reviewed 122 eyes of 100 patients with treatment-naive DMO and initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/25 or better. We assessed clinical characteristics, logMAR BCVA, central subfield thickness (CST), cumulative intravitreal injections and laser treatments at yearly intervals, and characteristics at time of initial treatment. Linear mixed effects models were used to identify predictors of visual outcomes. RESULTS At presentation, mean BCVA was 0.057 ± 0.048 logMAR (Snellen 20/23) and mean CST was 288 ± 57 μm. After a median follow-up of 3 years, 51% of eyes underwent treatment. More eyes underwent intravitreal injection as initial treatment (54%), but lasers were initiated at an earlier time and at better BCVA. Final BCVA was associated with better BCVA (P < 0.001) and earlier timing (P = 0.017) at initial treatment, but not CST at first treatment (P = 0.634) or cumulative number of injections or lasers (P = 0.441-0.606). CONCLUSION DMO with good initial visual acuity should be monitored closely, as delay in treatment initiation is associated with worse visual outcomes. BCVA at time of initial treatment is the strongest determinant of final visual acuity.
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