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Jonas JB, Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Wang YX, Xu J, Nangia V, Nangia PV, Panda-Jonas S. Positive and Negative Associations of Myopia with Ocular Diseases in Population-Based Studies. Ophthalmology 2024:S0161-6420(24)00414-7. [PMID: 38971323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Prevalence of myopia and vision impairment due to myopic macular degeneration and myopia-related optic neuropathies have markedly increased worldwide. We evaluated whether myopia is associated with other ocular disorders. DESIGN Population-based studies conducted in Russia, China, and India. PARTICIPANTS The Russian Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS) and the Beijing Eye Study (BES) included 5899 individuals and 4439 individuals (all aged 40+ years), respectively, and the Central India Eye and Medical Study (CIEMS) consisted of 4711 individuals aged 30+ years. The studies were conducted in rural and urban regions in Bashkortostan/Russia, Nagpur/India, and Beijing/China. METHODS The participants underwent a series of ophthalmological and general medical examinations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Axial length as a surrogate for myopia and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), angle-closure glaucoma (ACG), and open-angle glaucoma (OAG). RESULTS In the UEMS, DR prevalence (odds ratio [OR], 0.73), AMD prevalence (OR, 0.85), and ACG prevalence (OR, 0.72) decreased, and OAG prevalence (OR, 1.65) increased with longer axial length in multivariable analyses. In the CIEMS, lower AMD prevalence (OR, 0.81) and lower ACG prevalence (OR, 0.55), and higher OAG prevalence (OR, 1.45) were associated with longer axial length. Diabetic retinopathy prevalence (0.33%) was too low for statistical analysis in the CIEMS. In the BES, prevalence (OR, 0.64) and 10-year incidence of DR (OR, 0.48) and prevalence (OR, 0.83) and 5-year incidence of AMD (OR, 0.996) decreased, and prevalence (OR, 1.35) and 10-year incidence of OAG (OR, 1.40) increased with longer axial length. In all 3 studies, the association between higher OAG prevalence and longer axial length was nonlinear with a slight increase for the moderate myopia range and a steep increase in the highly myopic range. CONCLUSIONS Myopia is associated with a lower prevalence of DR, AMD, and ACG and a lower incidence of DR and AMD, whereas high myopia more than moderate myopia is associated with a higher prevalence and incidence of OAG. Future studies may assess whether in myopia (in particular, in moderate myopia), the myopia-related advantages, that is, lower prevalence of DR, AMD, and ACG, may outweigh the increased risks for OAG and other myopia-related disorders. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jost B Jonas
- Institut Français de Myopie, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Institut Français de Myopie, Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France; Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Rakhimova EM, Panda-Jonas S, Tuliakova AM, Fakhretdinova AA, Rusakova IA, Jonas JB. Intraocular pressure and its determinants in a very old population. The ural very old study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25794. [PMID: 38375271 PMCID: PMC10875446 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore intraocular pressure (IOP) and its associated parameters in an aged population. Methods The epidemiologic Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) conducted in Bashkortostan/Russia included 1526 participants with an age of ≥85 years. Besides a whole series of ocular and systemic examinations, IOP was determined applying non-contact tonometry. Body mass index, diastolic blood pressure and age were the factors used to estimate the cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP). Results The study consisted of 904 participants (age: 88.6 ± 2.7 years) with available IOP readings and without anti-glaucomatous therapy. Mean IOP was 14.5 ± 5.1 mmHg (median: 14 mm Hg; Q1:11; Q3:16; 95%CI:8,25) and 14.8 ± 4.6 mmHg (median: 14 mm Hg; Q1:12; Q3:17; 95%CI:8,28) in the right and left eyes, respectively. Higher IOP correlated (multivariable analysis; correlation coefficient r2:0.32) with female sex (P < 0.001), more sedentary lifestyle (P = 0.006), higher estimated CSFP (P < 0.001), higher total protein serum concentration (P < 0.001), stronger hand grip force (P = 0.01), thicker central cornea (P < 0.001), longer axial length (P = 0.01), absence of previous cataract surgery (P = 0.001), higher degree of pseudoexfoliation (P = 0.02, and thinner peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (P = 0.004). Using this that model, IOP reading enlarged by 0.22 mmHg (95% CI: 0.09, 0.35) for each increase in estimated CSFP by 1 mm Hg, by 0.03 mm Hg (95% CI: 0.02,0.05) for each thickening in central corneal thickness by 1 μm, by 0.56 mm Hg (95%CI: 0.13,1.00) for each axial elongation by 1 mm, and by 0.40 mmHg (95% CI: 0.06,0.74) for each increase in the degree of pseudoexfoliation, and it decreased by 0.40 mmHg (95% CI: 0.06,0.74) by cataract surgery. Conclusions In this study population aged 85+years, IOP readings showed similar relationships as in younger study populations, including positive associations with higher estimated CSFP and longer axial length and a negative association with cataract surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Jost B. Jonas
- Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Switzerland
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Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Fakhretdinova AA, Tuliakova AM, Iakupova EM, Panda-Jonas S, Gilemzianova LI, Garipova LA, Khakimov DA, Islamova LI, Pokhilko NI, Jonas JB. Associations between axial length, corneal refractive power and lens thickness in children and adolescents: The Ural Children Eye Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102:e94-e104. [PMID: 37144825 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess relationships between ocular biometric parameters in dependence of age and sex in children and adolescents. METHODS In the Ural Children Eye Study, a school-based cohort study, 4933 children underwent an ophthalmological and general examination. RESULTS Complete biometric measurements were available for 4406 (89.3%) children. Cycloplegic refractive error (mean: -0.87 ± 1.73 diopters (D); median: -0.38 D; range: -19.75 D to +11.25 D) increased (multivariable analysis; r2 = 0.73) with shorter axial length (β: -0.99; non-standardized regression coefficient B: -1.64; 95% CI: -1.68, -1.59) and lower corneal refractive power (β: -0.55; B: -0.67; 95% CI: -0.70, -0.64), in addition to higher cylindrical refractive error (β: 0.10; B: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.41), thinner lens (β: -0.11; -0.85; 95% CI: -1.02, -0.69) and male sex (β: 0.15; B: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.57). In univariate analysis, decrease in refractive error with older age was more significant (β: -0.38 vs. β: -0.25) and steeper (B: -0.22 (95% CI: -0.24, -0.20) vs. B: -0.13 (95% CI: -0.15, -0.11)) in girls than boys, particularly for an age of 11+ years. Axial length increased with older age (steeper for age <11 years) (B: 0.22 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.25) vs. 0.07 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.09)). In multivariable analysis, axial length increased with lower refractive error (β: -0.77; B: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.43, -0.40) and lower corneal refractive power (β: -0.54; B: -0.39; 95% CI: -0.41, -0.38), in addition to older age (β: 0.04; B: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.03), male sex (β: 0.13; B: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.32), higher cylindrical refractive error (β: 0.05; B: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.14) and thinner lens (β: -0.14; B: -0.62; 95% CI: -0.72, -0.51). The axial length/corneal curvature (AL/CR) ratio increased until the age of 14 years (β: 0.34; B: 0.017; 95% CI: 0.016, 0.019; p < 0001), and then became independent of age. The AL/CR ratio increased (r2 = 0.78) mostly with higher corneal refractive power (β: 0.25; B: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.02; p < 0.001), lower refractive error (β: -0.75; B: -0.05; 95% CI: -0.05, -0.05; p < 0.001), thinner lens thickness (β: -01.6; B: -0.09; 95% CI: -0.10, -0.08; p < 0.001) and older age (β: 0.16; B: 0.006; 95% CI: 0.005, 0.007; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this multiethnic group of school children in Russia, the age-related increase in myopic refractive error was more significant and steeper in girls, particularly for the age group of 11+ years. Determinants of higher myopic refractive error were longer axial length, higher corneal refractive power, lower cylindrical refractive error, thicker lens and female sex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ellina M Iakupova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia
- Ufa Eye Institute, Ufa, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jost B Jonas
- Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Bashir M, Alghamdi AH, Alzahrani SA, Alhajji AM, Al Thobaiti LY, Alzahrani KA, Alghamdi AG, Alnemari RK, Althobaiti AH, Alzahrani RS. Prevalence of Ocular Hypertension and Other Risk Factors of Open-Angle Glaucoma Among Middle-Aged Adults in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e50304. [PMID: 38205485 PMCID: PMC10777169 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ocular hypertension (OHT), defined by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) beyond standard levels, is a predominant risk factor for initiating and exacerbating glaucoma, a collection of progressive optic neuropathies responsible for irreversible vision loss. Given the profound implications for vision care, it is imperative to elucidate the interplay between OHT and glaucoma for effective clinical management. Objective The present study aims to measure IOP levels and identify risk factors associated with glaucoma among middle-aged individuals in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted over a six-month span (January-June 2022) in Al-Baha City. The study cohort comprised adults aged 35 and above attending a glaucoma awareness campaign at King Fahad Hospital, Al-Baha. Parameters such as demographics, socioeconomic status, medical and ocular history, and familial history of eye diseases were collated. Initial ophthalmologic assessments and IOP measurements were performed. Statistical analyses utilized Pearson's Chi-square test for nominal variables. Results The study encompassed 111 participants, 84 (75.7%) of whom were male, and 75 (67.6%) were of Saudi nationality. Notably, 102 (91.9%) reported no family history of glaucoma, 91 (81.1%) indicated no past medical history and 81 (73.0%) were not on any chronic medications. The mean IOP for participants' right and left eyes fluctuated between 18.2-21.5 mmHg and 18.9-22.1 mmHg, respectively. Factors such as age, gender, family history of glaucoma, past medical history, use of chronic medications, and history of ophthalmic surgeries demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with IOP (p<0.05). Conclusion This study highlights a higher prevalence of OHT in females, with several risk factors for OHT and glaucoma identified, such as familial history, vascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and chronic medication use. Notably, our study did not observe a significant association with age or smoking. These findings emphasize the necessity of regular eye examinations and IOP monitoring, especially in high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadi Bashir
- Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baha University, Al Baha, SAU
| | - Ali H Alghamdi
- Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baha University, Al Baha, SAU
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Heilenbach N, Hu G, Lamrani R, Prasad J, Ogunsola T, Iskander M, Elgin CY, McGowan R, Vieira D, Al-Aswad LA. Environmental influences on ophthalmic conditions: A scoping review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 51:516-545. [PMID: 37309709 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental factors have been implicated in various eye pathologies. The purpose of this review is to synthesise the published research on environmental effects on eye disease. METHODS Four databases were searched for terms relating to environmental exposures and ophthalmic disease. Titles and abstracts were screened followed by full-text review. Data was extracted from 118 included studies. Quality assessment was conducted for each study. RESULTS Air pollutants, including nitrogen dioxide, nitrites, sulphur dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone and hydrocarbons are associated with ocular conditions ranging from corneal damage to various retinopathies, including central retinal artery occlusion. Certain chemicals and metals, such as cadmium, are associated with increased risk of age-related macular degeneration. Climate factors, such as sun exposure, have been associated with the development of cataracts. Living in rural areas was associated with various age-related eye diseases whereas people living in urban settings had higher risk for dry eye disease and uveitis. CONCLUSION Environmental exposures in every domain are associated with various ophthalmic conditions. These findings underscore the importance of continued research on the interplay between the environment and eye health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Heilenbach
- Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Galen Hu
- Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ryan Lamrani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Jaideep Prasad
- Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Titilola Ogunsola
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Mina Iskander
- Miller School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Cansu Yuksel Elgin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Universitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Richard McGowan
- Health Sciences Library, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dorice Vieira
- Health Sciences Library, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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Central corneal thickness and its associations in a Russian population. The Ural eye and Medical Study. Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:705-713. [PMID: 35347290 PMCID: PMC9998395 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess central corneal thickness (CCT) and its associations in a Russian population. METHODS The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 (80.5%) out of 7328 eligible individuals. As part of an ophthalmological and general examination, CCT was measured by Scheimflug imaging. RESULTS The study included 5792 (98.2%) participants (age:58.8 ± 10.6 years;range: 40-94 years) with available bilateral CCT measurements. Mean CCT was larger in Russians than non-Russians (549.5 ± 32.8 µm versus 539.2 ± 33.9 µm; P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, thicker CCT was associated (regression coefficient r:0.43) with younger age (standardized regression coefficient beta:-0.09; non-standardized regression coefficient B:-0.29;95% confidence interval (CI):-0.39,-0.20; P < 0.001), male sex (beta:0.05; B:3.10; 95%CI:1.18,5.03; P = 0.002), urban region of habitation (beta:0.10; B:6.83; 95%CI:4.61, 9.05; P < 0.001), Russian ethnicity (beta:0.04; B:3.48; 95%CI:1.04, 5.91; P = 0.005), higher level of education (beta:0.04; B:0.97;95%CI:0.29,1.66; P = 0.006), higher serum bilirubin concentration (beta:0.05;B:0.15; 95%CI:0.07,0.23;P < 0.001), lower corneal refractive power (beta:-0.09;B:11.92; 95%CI:-2.50,-1.35; P < 0.001), smaller anterior chamber angle (beta:-0.07;B:-0.38;95%CI:-0.52,-0.24;P < 0.001), higher IOP readings (beta:0.38; B:3.47; 95%CI:3.21,3.73; P < 0.001), and higher rise in IOP readings by medical mydriasis (beta:0.07; B:0.88;95%CI:0.54,1.22;P < 0.001). In that model, CCT was not associated with body height (P = 0.14), previous cataract surgery (P = 0.10), axial length (P = 0.18) or prevalence of glaucoma (P = 0.11). The mean inter-eye difference in CCT was 8.52 ± 13.9 µm (median:6.0;95CI:8.16,8.88). A higher inter-eye CCT difference was associated with older age (beta:0.08; B:0.11;95%CI:0.07,0.15; P = 0.01), lower level of education (beta:-0.04;B:-0.34; 95%CI:-0.60,-0.08; P < 0.001) and status after cataract surgery (beta:0.04; B:2.92;95%CI:1.02,4.83; P = 0.003). INTRODUCTION CONCLUSIONS In this ethnically mixed population from Russia with an age of 40+ years, mean CCT (541.7 ± 33.7 µm) was associated with parameters such as younger age, male sex, Russian ethnicity, and higher educational level. These associations may be taken into account when the dependence of IOP readings on CCT are considered. Glaucoma prevalence was unrelated to CCT.
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Liu W, Guo R, Huang D, Ji J, Gansevoort RT, Snieder H, Jansonius NM. Co-occurrence of chronic kidney disease and glaucoma: Epidemiology and etiological mechanisms. Surv Ophthalmol 2023; 68:1-16. [PMID: 36088997 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
As the histology, physiology, and pathophysiology of eyes and kidneys show substantial overlap, it has been suggested that eye and kidney diseases, such as glaucoma and chronic kidney disease (CKD), may be closely interlinked. We review the relationship between CKD and various subtypes of glaucoma, including primary open-angle glaucoma, primary angle- closure glaucoma, normal tension glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, and several glaucoma endophenotypes. We also discuss the underlying pathogenic mechanisms and common risk factors for CKD and glaucoma, including atherosclerosis, the renin-angiotensin system, genes and genetic polymorphisms, vitamin D deficiency, and erythropoietin. The prevalence of glaucoma appears elevated in CKD patients, and vice versa, and the literature points to many intriguing associations; however, the associations are not always confirmed, and sometimes apparently opposite observations are reported. Glaucoma and CKD are complex diseases, and their mutual influence is only partially understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruru Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dandan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nomdo M Jansonius
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Prevalence and associations of dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction in the ural eye and medical study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18849. [PMID: 36344615 PMCID: PMC9640718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22580-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) and Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in a population in Russia. The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study was conducted in an urban and rural region in Bashkortostan/Russia and included 5899 (80.5%) out of 7328 eligible persons, aged 40 + years. DED and MGD were assessed by Schirmer´s test, slit-lamp based examination of the Meibomian glands, and an interview with DED-related questions. The study included 5153 (87.4%) individuals with DED and MGD assessments (mean age: 58.5 ± 10.5 years). The mean Schirmer´s test result was 11.8 ± 6.8 mm and 12.5 ± 7.1 mm for the right/left eye, with a result of ≤ 5 mm measured in 1098 (21.3%; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 20.2, 22.4) of the worse eyes. The mean subjective dry eye symptoms score was 1.37 ± 1.82. MGD grade 1 (telangiectasia at the lid margin), 2, 3, 4 or any grade in the worse eye was diagnosed in 901 (21.1%), 1161 (27.1%), 158 (3.7%), 32 (0.7%), and 2252 (52.6%; 95% CI 51.1, 54.1) eyes respectively. The prevalence of DED diagnosis #1, #2 and #3 (Schirmer´s test ≤ 5 mm, and dry eye score ≥ 1, ≥ 2, and ≥ 3, respectively), #4 (dry eye score ≥ 1, Schirmer test ≤ 5 mm, MGD grade 1 +), and #5 (dry eye score ≥ 1, Schirmer test ≤ 5 mm, MGD grade 2 +) were 598/5142 (11.6%), 426/5153 (8.3%), 273/5142 (5.3%), 335/5142 (6.5%), and 186/5142 (3.6%), respectively. Mean depression score as applied was 5.1 ± 3.8. Higher DED prevalence (definition #4) was associated (multivariable analysis) with female sex (odds ratio (OR) 1.71; 95% CI 1.31, 2.22; P < 0.001), higher depression score (OR 1.04; 95% CI 101, 1.07; P = 0.009), and higher prevalence of thyroid disease history (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.19, 2.24; P = 0.006). DED and MGD were common in this rural and urban population, and their prevalence was associated with female sex, thyroid disease, and depression.
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You J, Frazer H, Sayyar S, Chen Z, Liu X, Taylor A, Filippi B, Beirne S, Wise I, Petsoglou C, Hodge C, Wallace G, Sutton G. Development of an In Situ Printing System With Human Platelet Lysate-Based Bio-Adhesive to Treat Corneal Perforations. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:26. [PMID: 35767274 PMCID: PMC9251791 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.6.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Corneal perforation is a clinical emergency that can result in blindness. Currently corneal perforations are treated either by cyanoacrylate glue which is toxic to corneal cells, or by using commercial fibrin glue for small perforations. Both methods use manual delivery which lead to uncontrolled application of the glues to the corneal surface. Therefore, there is a need to develop a safe and effective alternative to artificial adhesives. Methods Previously, our group developed a transparent human platelet lysate (hPL)-based biomaterial that accelerated corneal epithelial cells healing in vitro. This biomaterial was further characterized in this study using rheometry and adhesive test, and a two-component delivery system was developed for its application. An animal trial (5 New Zealand white rabbits) to compare impact of the biomaterial and cyanoacrylate glue (control group) on a 2 mm perforation was conducted to evaluate safety and efficacy. Results The hPL-based biomaterial showed higher adhesiveness compared to commercial fibrin glue. Treatment rabbits had lower pain scores and faster recovery, despite generating similar scar-forming structure compared to controls. No secondary corneal ulcer was generated in rabbits treated with the bio-adhesive. Conclusions This study reports an in situ printing system capable of delivering a hPL-based, transparent bio-adhesive and successfully treating small corneal perforations. The bio-adhesive-treated rabbits recovered faster and required no additional analgesia. Translational Relevance The developed in situ hPL bio-adhesives treatment represents a new format of treating corneal perforation that is easy to use, allows for accurate application, and can be a potentially effective and pain relief treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing You
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hannah Frazer
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sepidar Sayyar
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian National Fabrication Facility - Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Zhi Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiao Liu
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam Taylor
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian National Fabrication Facility - Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Benjamin Filippi
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian National Fabrication Facility - Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Stephen Beirne
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian National Fabrication Facility - Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Innes Wise
- Laboratory Animal Services, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Constantinos Petsoglou
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,New South Wales Tissue Bank, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chris Hodge
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,New South Wales Tissue Bank, Sydney, Australia.,Vision Eye Institute, Chatswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gordon Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian National Fabrication Facility - Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Gerard Sutton
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,New South Wales Tissue Bank, Sydney, Australia.,Vision Eye Institute, Chatswood, New South Wales, Australia
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10
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Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Rakhimova EM, Rusakova IA, Fakhretdinova AA, Tuliakova AM, Panda‐Jonas S, Gilmanshin TR, Zainullin RM, Bolshakova NI, Safiullina KR, Gizzatov AV, Ponomarev IP, Yakupova DF, Baymukhametov NE, Nikitin NA, Jonas JB. The prevalence of dry eye in a very old population. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:262-268. [PMID: 34124850 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) and Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in a very old population. METHODS The Ural Very Old Study (UVOS), a population-based cohort study performed in rural and urban Bashkortostan/Russia, included 1526 (81.1%) out of 1882 eligible individuals aged 85+ years. The participants underwent a detailed medical and ophthalmological examination including Schirmer´s test, slit-lamp based assessment of the Meibomian glands and an interview. RESULTS The study included 1493 (97.8%) individuals with available information about DED (mean age: 88.3 ± 2.9 years). Schirmer´s test was ≤5 mm in 388 individuals (34.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 31.5, 37.1), and the mean score of subjective dry eye symptoms was 7.52 ± 2.14 (median: 6; range: 6-18; 95%CI: 7.41, 7.63). An MGD grade 1, 2, 3 and 4 was diagnosed in 367 (31.4%), 309 (26.4%), 89 (7.6%) and 39 (3.3%) eyes, respectively. The prevalence of DED diagnosis definition #2 (dry eye score ≥8, Schirmer´s test ≤5 mm) and definition #4 (dry eye score ≥7, Schirmer test ≤5 mm, MGD grade 1+), were 164/1132 (14.5%; 95%CI: 12.4, 16.5), and 167/1131 (14.8%; 95%CI: 12.7, 16.8), respectively. In multivariate analysis, higher DED prevalence was associated with female sex (odds ratio (OR): 2.36; 95%CI: 1.18, 4.71; p = 0.02), rural region of habitation (OR: 2.72; 95%CI: 1.10, 6.70; p = 0.03), longer axial length (OR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.04,1.62; p = 0.02), higher hearing loss score (OR: 1.03; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.05; p = 0.001) and lower self-reported salt consumption (OR: 0.64; 95%CI: 0.54, 0.75; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this population-based recruited very old study sample aged 85+ years, higher DED prevalence (dry eye score ≥8, Schirmer´s test <5 mm; mean: 14.5%) and MGD prevalence (any grade:68.8%) was associated with female sex, rural region of habitation, longer axial length, higher hearing loss score and lower salt consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht‐Karls‐University of Heidelberg Mannheim Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel Switzerland
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11
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Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Rakhimova EM, Rusakova IA, Gilmanshin TR, Zainullin RM, Panda‐Jonas S, Fakhretdinova AA, Tuliakova AM, Safiullina KR, Bolshakova NI, Gizzatov AV, Ponomarev IP, Jonas JB. Prevalence and determinants of reticular pseudodrusen in the Russian Ural Eye and Medical Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:e1701-e1707. [PMID: 35343644 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prevalence of reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) and their determinants. METHODS The Population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study conducted in Bashkortostan/Russia included 5899 participants aged 40+ years. Presence of RPDs was assessed on conventional colour fundus photographs, red-free fundus images and optical coherence tomographic images. RESULTS The study included 4914 (83.3%) individuals (mean age: 58.5 ± 10.5 years; range: 40-94 years). Using two age limits (>55 years and 40+ years) for the definitions of RPD and AMD (age-related macular degeneration), RPD prevalence was 186/4914 (3.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.3, 4.3) and 246/4914 (5.0%, 95% CI: 4.4, 5.6), respectively, and the prevalence of any AMD without RPD was 182/4914 (3.7%: 95% CI: 3.2, 4.2) and 224/4914 (4.6%; 95% CI: 4.0, 5.1) respectively. Within the subgroup of early AMD, intermediate AMD and late AMD, RPD prevalence (age limit: 40+ years) was 55.1% (95% CI: 49.5, 60.8), 42.9% (95% CI: 33.8, 51.9) and 33.3% (95% CI: 16.4, 50.3) respectively. In multivariable analysis, higher RPD prevalence (age limit 40+ years) was associated with higher age (odds ratio (OR): 1.08; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.10; p < 0.001), rural region of habitation (OR: 3.81; 95% CI: 2.76, 5.24; p < 0.001) and lower percentage of lymphocytes on leukocyte counts (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.93, 0.97; p < 0.001). Higher prevalence of any AMD without RPD was associated with urban region (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.11; p = 0.002), lower diabetes prevalence (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.90; p = 0.02) and shorter axial length (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.98; p = 0.03), after adjusting for age. CONCLUSIONS Reticular pseudodrusen (mean prevalence: 3.8% (age limit >55 years); 5.0% (age limit 40+ years)) differs from AMD without RPD in its association with urban region (AMD without RPD: rural region), lower lymphocyte percentage (AMD without RPD: no association) and a lack of associations with axial length (AMD without RPD: shorter axial length) and with diabetes prevalence (AMD without RPD: lower diabetes prevalence).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Songhomitra Panda‐Jonas
- Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda‐Jonas Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel Basel Switzerland
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12
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Bikbov MM, Gilmanshin TR, Zainullin RM, Kazakbaeva GM, Iakupova EM, Fakhretdinova AA, Tuliakova AM, Panda‐Jonas S, Arslangareeva II, Zinnatullin AA, Gilemzianova LI, Khakimov DA, Jonas JB. Macular pigment optical density and its determinants in a Russian population: the ural eye and medical study. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:e1691-e1700. [PMID: 35343640 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and its associations with ocular and systemic parameters and diseases. METHODS The population-based study Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 (80.5%) out of 7328 eligible individuals. As part of ophthalmological and systemic examinations, MPOD was measured by reflectometry. RESULTS Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) data were available for 4889 (82.9%) individuals (mean age:57.8 ± 10.1 years;range: 40-94). Mean values for MOPD, maximal MOPD, macular pigment (MP) area and MP volume were 0.13 ± 0.04 d.u. (density units), 0.36 ± 0.09 d.u., 60 791 ± 14 826 pixel and 8033 ± 2888 d.u.pixel, respectively. A higher MP density was correlated (regression coefficient r: 0.63) with older age (standardized regression coefficient beta: 0.59; non-standardized regression coefficient B: 0.23; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22, 0.23; p < 0.001), female sex (beta: 0.08; B:0.63; 95%CI: 0.44, 0.83; p < 0.001), rural region of habitation (beta: 0.13; B: 1.02; 95%CI: 0.83, 1.22; p < 0.001), lower body mass index (beta: -0.04; B: -0.03; 95%CI: -0.05, 0.01; p = 0.004), lower prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (beta: -0.03; B: -0.43; 95%CI: -0.79, -0.08; p = 0.02), higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (beta: 0.03; B: 0.01; 95%CI: 0.002, 0.02; p = 0.03), lower leukocyte cell count (beta: -0.04; B: -0.10; 95%CI: -0.16, -0.03; p = 0.003), thinner temporal parafoveal retinal thickness (beta: -0.06; B: -0.01;95%CI: -0.01, -0.003; p < 0.001), thinner central corneal thickness (beta: -0.06; B: -0.006; 95%CI: -0.009, -0.004; p < 0.001), higher prevalence of pseudophakia (beta: 0.09;B:2.08; 95%CI: 1.50, 2.65; p < 0.001) and reticular pseudo drusen (RPD) (beta: 0.03; B: 0.56; 95%CI: 0.13, 0.98; p = 0.01) and lower stage of open-angle glaucoma (beta: -0.03; B: -0.39; 95%CI: -0.74, -0.04; p = 0. 03). Prevalence (p = 0.44; beta: -0.01) and degree (p = 0.70; beta: -0.01) of angle-closure glaucoma, prevalence (p = 0.31; beta: 0.01) of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) without RPD and prevalence (p = 0.95; beta: 0.001) of diabetic retinopathy were not significantly associated with the mean MP density in that model. CONCLUSIONS A higher RPD prevalence and lower stage of open-angle glaucoma were ophthalmological disorders associated with a higher MPOD in a multivariable analysis, including parameters of older age, pseudophakia, female sex, rural region, lower body mass index and lower perifoveal retinal thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Songhomitra Panda‐Jonas
- Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda‐Jonas Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Jost B. Jonas
- Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda‐Jonas Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel Switzerland
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13
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Yang Y, Zhang X, Chen Z, Wei Y, Ye Q, Fan Y, Nathwani N, Gazzard G, Yu M. Intraocular pressure and diurnal fluctuation of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a baseline report from the LiGHT China trial cohort. Br J Ophthalmol 2022; 107:823-827. [PMID: 35086806 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-320128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To report the baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) characteristics and its diurnal fluctuation in the Laser in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension China cohort. METHODS 622 primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and 149 ocular hypertension (OHT) patients were recruited at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from 2015 to 2019. Standardised ocular examinations were performed including IOP measurement using the Goldmann applanation tonometer. Daytime phasing IOP was recorded at 8:00, 10:00, 11:30, 14:30, 17:00 hour. RESULTS The mean baseline IOP was 20.2 mm Hg for POAG patients and 24.4 mm Hg for OHT. Multiple regression analysis revealed that thicker central corneal thickness (CCT) was correlated with higher IOP in both POAG and OHT. Male gender and younger age were correlated with higher IOP only for POAG. As for diurnal IOP fluctuation, mean IOP fluctuation was 3.4 mm Hg in POAG eyes and 4.4 mm Hg in OHT. The peak and trough IOP occurred at 8:00 and 14:30 hour in both POAG and OHT eyes. CONCLUSIONS Younger age, male gender and thicker CCT are correlated to higher IOP in POAG patients while only thicker CCT is related to higher IOP in OHT patients. Peak IOP appears mostly at early morning or late afternoon and trough value occurs mostly at early afternoon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zidong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaona Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanmei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Neil Nathwani
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Gus Gazzard
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.,University College London, London, UK
| | - Minbin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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14
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Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Rakhimova EM, Rusakova IA, Fakhretdinova AA, Tuliakova AM, Panda-Jonas S, Gilmanshin TR, Zainullin RM, Bolshakova NI, Safiullina KR, Gizzatov AV, Ponomarev IP, Yakupova DF, Baymukhametov NE, Nikitin NA, Jonas JB. Prevalence Factors Associated With Vision Impairment and Blindness Among Individuals 85 Years and Older in Russia. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2121138. [PMID: 34402890 PMCID: PMC8371569 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.21138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Visual performance is important for quality of life. However, vision impairment among adults 85 years and older has not been intensively examined. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of mild vision impairment (VI), moderate to severe vision impairment, and blindness and the factors associated with these conditions among a population 85 years and older. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Ural Very Old Study was a population-based cohort study conducted in rural and urban areas in Bashkortostan, Russia from 2017 to 2020. Among 1882 eligible individuals 85 years and older, 1526 participants (81.1%) were enrolled. EXPOSURES Ophthalmologic, physical, and mental examinations. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prevalence of vision impairment and blindness based on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA; measured using modified Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study charts) in the better eye or both eyes. Mild vision impairment was defined as BCVA worse than 6/12 to 6/18, and moderate to severe VI was defined as BCVA worse than 6/18 but equal to or better than 3/60. Blindness was defined as BCVA worse than 3/60. RESULTS Among 1526 participants, 1149 individuals (75.3%; 846 women [73.6%]; mean [SD] age, 88.2 [2.8 years]) had available BCVA measurements and were included in the present analysis. Mild vision impairment was present in 114 individuals (9.9%; 95% CI, 8.2%-11.7%), moderate to severe VI in 562 individuals (48.9%; 95% CI, 46.0%-51.8%), and blindness in 68 individuals (5.9%; 95% CI, 4.6%-7.3%). Factors associated with moderate to severe VI were cataracts (324 individuals [57.7% of those with moderate to severe VI and 28.2% of total population; 95% CI, 25.6%-30.8%]), secondary cataracts (4 individuals [0.7% of those with moderate to severe VI and 0.3% of total population; 95% CI, 0%-0.7%]), age-related macular degeneration (78 individuals [13.9% of those with moderate to severe VI and 6.8% of total population; 95% CI, 5.3%-8.3%]), glaucoma (45 individuals [8.0% of those with moderate to severe VI and 3.9% of total population; 95% CI, 2.8%-5.0%]), corneal opacifications (26 individuals [4.6% of those with moderate to severe VI and 2.3% of total population; 95% CI, 1.4%-3.1%]), myopic maculopathy (13 individuals [2.3% of those with moderate to severe VI and 1.1% of total population; 95% CI, 0.5%-1.7%]), and nonglaucomatous optic nerve damage (4 individuals [0.7% of those with moderate to severe VI and 0.3% of total population; 95% CI, 0%-0.7%]). Factors associated with blindness were cataracts (33 individuals [48.5% of those with blindness and 2.9% of total population; 95% CI, 1.9%-3.8%]), age-related macular degeneration (15 individuals [22.1% of those with blindness and 1.3% of total population; 95% CI, 0.7%-2.0%]), glaucoma (7 individuals [10.3% of those with blindness and 0.6% of total population; 95% CI, 0.2%-1.1%]), myopic maculopathy (3 individuals [4.4% of those with blindness and 0.3% of total population; 95% CI, 0%-0.6%]), and corneal opacifications (2 individuals [2.9% of those with blindness and 0.2% of total population; 95% CI, 0%-0.4%]). Higher moderate to severe VI prevalence was associated with older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.19; 95% CI, 1.11-1.28; P < .001), higher blood pressure (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02; P = .03), lower hand grip force (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.83-0.95; P < .001), lower score on the Mini-Mental State Examination (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92-0.98; P < .001), lower prothrombin index (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.97; P < .001), lower refractive error (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85-0.97; P = .006), and lower prevalence of previous cataract surgery (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.33-0.68; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study of individuals 85 years and older, the prevalence of moderate to severe VI and blindness was relatively high. Cataracts were the main reversible condition associated with vision loss, and age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and myopic maculopathy were the main irreversible conditions. Because a higher prevalence of moderate to severe VI was associated with lower cognitive function and physical strength, improvement of vision through increases in cataract surgery and measures to prevent and treat irreversible conditions may help to improve cognitive function and physical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
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15
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Bikbov MM, Gilmanshin TR, Zainullin RM, Kazakbaeva GM, Arslangareeva II, Panda-Jonas S, Khikmatullin RI, Aminev SK, Nuriev IF, Zaynetdinov AF, Uzianbaeva YV, Nikitin NA, Mukhamadieva SR, Yakupova DF, Rakhimova EM, Rusakova IA, Bolshakova NI, Safiullina KR, Jonas JB. Prevalence and associated factors of glaucoma in the Russian Ural Eye and Medical Study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20307. [PMID: 33219250 PMCID: PMC7679388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77344-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the prevalence and associated factors of glaucoma in a Russian population. The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 (mean age 59.0 ± 10.7 years; range 40–94 years). Glaucomatous optic neuropathy was diagnosed using International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology (ISGEO) criteria. Among 5545 participants with assessable optic disc photographs, 246 individuals [4.4%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.9, 5.0] had glaucoma, with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in 177 individuals (3.2%; 95% CI 2.7, 3.7) and angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) in 69 individuals (1.2; 95% CI 1.0, 1.5), with IOP > 21 mmHg in 79 (32.1%) patients, and with 80 (32.5%) patients on glaucoma therapy. Glaucoma prevalence increased from 3/485 (0.6%; 95% CI 0.0, 1.3) in the age group of 40–45 years to 33/165 (20.0%; 95% CI 13.8, 26.2) in the group aged 80 + years. Higher OAG prevalence correlated with older age [odds ratio (OR) 1.07; 95% CI 1.04, 1.09; P < 0.001], longer axial length (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.17, 1.58; P < 0.001), higher intraocular pressure (IOP) (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.13, 1.23; P < 0.001), higher stage of lens pseudoexfoliation (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.08, 1.47; P = 0.004) and lower diastolic blood pressure (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.96, 0.99; P = 0.035). Higher ACG prevalence correlated with older age (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.03, 1.11; P < 0.001), narrower anterior chamber angle (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.77, 0.86; P < 0.001), and higher IOP (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.23, 1.38; P < 0.001). Glaucoma caused moderate to severe vision impairment (MSVI) in 9 (4.9%; 95% CI 1.8, 8.1) out of 184 individuals with MSVI (OAG, n = 7; ACG, n = 2), and blindness in one (9.1%) of 11 blind individuals. In this population from Russia, two thirds of glaucoma patients were not on therapy, and in two thirds of the glaucoma patients IOP was ≤ 21 mmHg. Otherwise, glaucoma prevalence, OAG-to-ACG ratio, and glaucoma associations did not differ markedly from Caucasian and East Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukharram M Bikbov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077.
| | - Timur R Gilmanshin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Rinat M Zainullin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Gyulli M Kazakbaeva
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Inga I Arslangareeva
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzerufer 1, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Renat I Khikmatullin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Said K Aminev
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Ildar F Nuriev
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Artur F Zaynetdinov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Yulia V Uzianbaeva
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Nikolay A Nikitin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | | | - Dilya F Yakupova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Ellina M Rakhimova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Iulia A Rusakova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Natalia I Bolshakova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Kamila R Safiullina
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, 450077
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzerufer 1, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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16
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Prevalence and associated factors of cataract and cataract-related blindness in the Russian Ural Eye and Medical Study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18157. [PMID: 33097810 PMCID: PMC7584653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75313-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the prevalence of cataract and cataract surgery in a population from Russia, we conducted the population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study with 5899 participants (80.5% out of 7328 eligible individuals), with an age of 40 + years as the eligibility criterion. In the phakic population, the prevalence of nuclear, cortical, subcapsular cataract and any cataract was 38.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 36.6, 39.3], 14.5% (95% CI 13.5, 15.5), 0.6% (95% CI 0.4, 0.8) and 44.6% (95% CI 43.2, 46.0), respectively. A higher prevalence of nuclear cataract was associated with older age [odds ratio (OR) 1.10; 95% CI 1.10, 1.11], the female sex (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.08, 1.50), urban region (OR 2.00; 95% CI 1.71, 2.33), a low educational level (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.88, 0.98), a high diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.001, 1.02), a low serum concentration of high-density lipoproteins (OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.84, 0.98), more smoking package years (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.01, 1.02), chronic kidney disease (OR 1.02; 95% CI 1.10, 1.03), a short axial length (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.86, 0.99), and a low prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.57, 0.92). The prevalence of previous cataract surgery conducted in 354/5885 individuals (6.0%; 95% CI 5.4, 6.6) increased from 0.4% (95% CI 0.0, 1.0) in the age group of 40-45 years to 37.6% (95% CI 30.9, 44.4) in the age group of 80 + years. Cataract was the cause of moderate-to-severe vision impairment in 109 (1.8%) individuals and of blindness in three (0.05%) individuals. The prevalence of cataract and cataract-related MSVI and blindness were relatively high; subsequently, the prevalence of previous cataract surgery was relatively low in this population from Russia.
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Prevalence and causes of vision impairment and blindness in the Russian ural eye and medical study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12397. [PMID: 32709931 PMCID: PMC7381659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess prevalence of mild vision impairment (MVI; best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) < 6/12 to 6/18 in the better eye), moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; BCVA < 6/18 but ≥ 3/60) and blindness (BCVA < 3/60) in a local population in Russia, we conducted the population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study. Out of 7,328 eligible individuals aged 40 + years, 5,899 (80.5%) individuals participated. MVI was present in 184 (3.1%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7, 3.6) individuals, MSVI in 182 (3.1%; 95% CI 2.7, 3.5) individuals, and 11 individuals (0.19%; 95% CI 0.008, 0.30) were blind. Causes for MSVI were cataract (n = 109; 59.9%), late stage of age-related macular degeneration (n = 14; 7.7%; geographic atrophy and neovascular AMD in 7 (3.8%) individuals) each), myopic maculopathy (n = 11; 6.0%), glaucoma (n = 9; 4.9%), non-glaucomatous optic nerve damage (n = 5; 2.7%), and diabetic retinopathy (n = 4; 2.2%). Causes for blindness were cataract (n = 3; 27.3%), myopic maculopathy (n = 2; 18.2%), retinal dystrophies (n = 2; 18.2%), glaucoma (n = 1; 9.1%), and corneal scars (n = 1; 9.1%). Higher prevalence of MSVI/blindness was associated with age (P < 0.001; odds ratio (OR)1.10; 95% CI 1.08, 1.12), male gender (P < 0.001; OR 2.32; 95% CI 1.47, 3.66), educational level (P < 0.001; OR 0.83; 95% CI 0.76,0.92), manual grip force (P < 0.001; OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.92, 0.96), diabetes prevalence (P = 0.006; OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.08, 2.56) and axial length (P < 0.001; OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.26,1.62). In this population from Bashkortostan/Russia, prevalence of MVI, MSVI and blindness was 3.1%, 3.1% and 0.19%, respectively. Cataract was the most frequent cause of reversible vision impairment, while AMD, myopic maculopathy and glaucoma were the most common reasons for irreversible vision impairment.
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Kim KE, Kim JM, Lee J, Lee MY, Park KH. Significant intraocular pressure associated with open-angle glaucoma: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2011. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235701. [PMID: 32673335 PMCID: PMC7365453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate significant intraocular pressure (IOP) levels associated with the risk of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in the treatment-naïve Korean population. Methods Participants ≥20 years of age in Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2011 were divided into two groups, those with higher and lower IOP values, compared with the reference IOP value. We compared the risk of OAG in each group using regression analyses. The IOP value that yielded the highest statistical significance was determined as an IOP significantly associated with the OAG risk. Results A total of 7,650 participants (7,292 control, 358 OAG) were included. The mean IOP was significantly higher in OAG group (14.4 ± 2.9 mmHg), compared to control group (13.9 ± 2.7 mmHg, P = 0.022). In association with an increased risk of OAG, the significant IOP value was 18 mmHg (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–2.80, P = 0.011). Additionally, sex-difference was identified and they were 19 mmHg (OR = 2.79, 95% CI 1.27–6.16, P = 0.011) in men and 18 mmHg (OR = 2.65, 95% CI 1.32–5.33, P = 0.006) in women. The IOP values associated with significantly decreased risk of glaucoma were determined to be 14 mmHg in men (OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.47–0.99, P = 0.042) and 16 mmHg in women (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.27–0.81, P = 0.007). Conclusions In consideration of the risk to benefit ratio, the reference IOP level for screening or setting the target IOP for treatment could be considered different from traditional 21 mmHg in Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Eun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Mo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmin Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of R&D Management, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bikbov MM, Gilmanshin TR, Kazakbaeva GM, Zainullin RM, Rakhimova EM, Rusakova IA, Bolshakova NI, Safiullina KR, Zaynetdinov AF, Zinatullin AA, Nuriev IF, Khalimov TA, Panda-Jonas S, Arslangareeva II, Bikbova GM, Yakupova DF, Uzianbaeva YV, Jonas JB. Prevalence of Myopic Maculopathy Among Adults in a Russian Population. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e200567. [PMID: 32142129 PMCID: PMC7060490 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.0567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although myopic maculopathy has become a major cause of vision impairment worldwide, few data from Russia and Central Asia on the prevalence of myopic maculopathy have been available. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of myopic maculopathy and its associations with ocular and systemic parameters in a population in Russia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Ural Eye and Medical Study, a population-based case-control study, was conducted in rural and urban areas in Bashkortostan, Russia, from October 26, 2015, to July 4, 2017. Data analysis was performed from September 13 to September 15, 2019. The Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 of 7328 eligible individuals (80.5%) aged 40 years or older. EXPOSURES A detailed ocular and systemic examination included fundus photography and optic coherence tomography for the assessment of myopic maculopathy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prevalence of myopic maculopathy. RESULTS The present investigation included 5794 of the 5899 eligible individuals (98.2%; 3277 [56.6%] women; mean [SD] age, 58.9 [10.7] years) with available information about myopic maculopathy. Mean (SD) axial length was 23.3 (1.1) mm (range, 19.78-32.87 mm). Prevalence of any myopic maculopathy was 1.3% (95% CI, 1.0%-1.6%); myopic maculopathy stage 2, 0.8% (95% CI, 0.6%-10.0%); stage 3, 0.2% (95% CI, 0.1%-0.4%); and stage 4, 0.2% (95% CI, 0.1%-0.4%). The prevalence of moderate to severe vision impairment and blindness was 29.8% (14 of 47 participants; 95% CI, 16.2%-43.3%) in stage 2 myopic maculopathy, 57.1% (8 of 14 participants; 95% CI, 27.5%-86.8%) in stage 3, and 100% (13 of 13 participants; 95% CI, 100%-100%) in stage 4. In multivariable analysis, a higher myopic maculopathy prevalence was associated with longer axial length (odds ratio [OR], 4.54; 95% CI, 3.48-5.92; P < .001), older age (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07; P = .03), and thinner peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.98; P < .001). After exclusion of glaucomatous eyes, the association between myopic maculopathy prevalence and thinner retinal nerve fiber layer remained significant (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.98; P < .001). Myopic maculopathy prevalence was not significantly associated with sex; region of habitation; level of education; ethnicity; prevalence of arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and inflammatory liver disease; hearing loss; depression score; or anxiety score. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this ethnically mixed population from Russia, myopic maculopathy prevalence was mainly associated with elongated axial length and thinner peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, but was not associated with any major internal medical disease, level of education, ethnicity, or sex. Higher myopic maculopathy stage was associated with vision impairment and blindness. In addition to a known association between high axial myopia and glaucoma, myopic maculopathy may be associated with nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Pseudoexfoliation in a Russian Population: The Ural Eye and Medical Study. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 210:158-166. [PMID: 31606443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation (PEX) and its associations in a Russian population. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. METHODS Setting: Ufa capital of Bashkortostan, Russia and a rural region in Bashkortostan. PARTICIPANTS the Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5,899 (80.5%) of 7,328 eligible individuals (mean age, 59.0 ± 10.7 years old; range, 40-94 years). OBSERVATION PROCEDURES as part of an ophthalmological and general examination, presence and degree of PEX was assessed using slit-lamp biomicroscopy after medical pupillary dilation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS PEX prevalence. RESULTS After excluding pseudophakic and aphakic individuals, the study included 5,451 (92.4%) participants. PEX prevalence (3.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI]:3.1-4.1), increased from 0.5% (95% CI, 0.1-0.9) in individuals 40 to <50 years old to 10.4% (95% CI, 5.0-15.8) in individuals aged 80+ years. Higher PEX prevalence was associated (multivariate analysis) with older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.09; 95% CI, 1.07-1.11; P < 0.001), Russian ethnicity (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 2.09-1.11;P = 0.02), higher prevalence of open-angle glaucoma (OR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.36-4.23;P = 0.003), and higher intraocular pressure (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02-1.09;P = 0.001). PEX prevalence was not significantly associated with gender (P = 0.49), region of habitation (P = 0.11), body mass index (P = 0.68), level of education (P = 0.26), smoking (P = 0.11), alcohol consumption (P = 0.52), history of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease (P = 0.94) and dementia (P = 0.77), prevalence of diabetes mellitus (P = 0.16), arterial hypertension (P = 0.45), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P = 0.73), chronic kidney disease (P = 0.09), and hearing loss (P = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS In this typical, ethnically mixed, population from Russia with an age of 40+ years, PEX prevalence (3.6%; 95% CI, 3.1-4.1) was associated with older age, Russian ethnicity, higher intraocular pressure and open-angle glaucoma. It was independent of any systemic parameter including diabetes, arterial hypertension, previous cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and dementia.
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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Russian Population: The Ural Eye and Medical Study. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 210:146-157. [PMID: 31606441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a Russian population. DESIGN Population-based prevalence assessment. METHODS The Ural Eye and Medical Study was conducted in a rural and urban area in the Russian republic of Bashkortostan. The study included 5,899 participants aged 40+ years old. AMD, defined according to the Beckman Initiative for Macular Research, was assessed by fundus photographs and optical coherence tomographic images of 4,932 (83.6%) participants. RESULTS The prevalence of any AMD, early AMD, intermediate AMD, or late AMD, geographic atrophy, and neovascular AMD were 18.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.8-19.6), 11.6% (95% CI, 10.4-12.8), 5.0% (95% CI, 4.2-5.8), 1.6% (95% CI, 1.1-2.0), 0.7% (95% CI, 0.4-1.0) and 0.9% (95% CI, 0.6-1.3), respectively, for individuals >55 years old. Applying an age limit of 40+ years for the AMD definition, prevalence of any AMD, early AMD, intermediate AMD, late AMD, geographic atrophy and neovascular AMD were 14.1% (95% CI, 13.1-15.1), 9.4% (95% CI, 8.6-10.2), 3.8% (95% CI, 3.2-4.3), 1.0% (95% CI, 0.7-1.2), 0.4% (95% CI, 0.2-0.6) and 0.5% (95% CI, 0.3-0.7), respectively, for individuals aged 40+ years. Higher AMD prevalence was correlated with older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.15; 95% CI, 1.13-1.16; P < 0.001), rural region (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.32-2.17; P < 0.001), lower diabetes prevalence (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.38-0.82; P = 0.003), and shorter axial length (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.79-0.99; P = 0.04). AMD prevalence was not significantly (all P ≥ 0.20) correlated with any systemic parameter examined, except for lower prevalence of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS In this typical, ethnically mixed, urban and rural population from Russia, a higher prevalence for AMD was associated mainly with older age, rural region of habitation, shorter axial length, and lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The AMD prevalence was lower than in Europeans and higher than in East Asians.
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Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Zainullin RM, Salavatova VF, Gilmanshin TR, Arslangareeva II, Nikitin NA, Mukhamadieva SR, Yakupova DF, Panda-Jonas S, Khikmatullin RI, Aminev SK, Nuriev IF, Zaynetdinov AF, Uzianbaeva YV, Jonas JB. Prevalence of and factors associated with low Back pain, thoracic spine pain and neck pain in Bashkortostan, Russia: the Ural Eye and Medical Study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:64. [PMID: 32007098 PMCID: PMC6995220 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-3080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Back pain and neck pain are leading causes of the burden of disease worldwide, while information about their prevalence in Russia is missing. Methods The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study was conducted in a rural and urban region in Bashkortostan/Russia. As part of a detailed systematic examination, we assessed the prevalence of low back pain, thoracic spine pain and neck pain in an interview with standardized questions in 5397 study participants (mean age:58.6 ± 10.6 years;range:40–94 years). Results The mean prevalence of low back pain, thoracic spine pain and neck pain was 2912/5397 (54.0%;95% confidence interval (CI):52.6,55.3), 1271/5397 (23.6%;95%CI:22.4,24.7), and 1570/5397 (29.1%;95%CI:27.9,30.3), respectively. A higher prevalence of low back pain was associated with females (P = 0.04;odds ratio (OR):1.14;95%CI:1.004,1.30), younger age (P < 0.001;OR:0.99;95%CI:0.98,0.99), higher body mass index (P = 0.002;OR:1.02;95%CI:1.01,1.03), lower frequency of vigorous activities during leisure time (P = 0.001;OR:0.79;95%CI:0.69,0.90), more time spent sitting and reclining (P = 0.03;OR:1.00;95%CI:1.00,1.00), higher serum concentration of high-density lipoproteins (P = 0.004;OR:1.10;95%CI:1.03,1.18), higher prothrombin index (P = 0.003;OR:1.01;95%CI:1.003,1.01), higher prevalence of a history of cardiovascular disease (P = 0.004;OR:1.23;95%CI:1.07,1.42), falls (P < 0.004;OR:1.71;95%CI:1.45,2.00), bone fractures (P = 0.01;OR:1.18;95% CI:1.03,1.34), unconsciousness (P < 0.001;OR:1.78;95%CI:1.40,2.25), osteoarthritis (P < 0.001;OR:2.76;95%CI:2.34,3.26), iron-deficiency anemia (P < 0.001;OR:1.87;95%CI:1.41,2.50), and thyroid disorder (P = 0.004;OR:1.37;95%CI:1.10,1.70), fewer days of vegetable intake (P < 0.001;OR:0.89;95%CI:0.85,0.93), smaller amounts of salt intake (P = 0.008;OR:0.97;95%CI:0.94,0.99), higher anxiety score (P < 0.001;OR:1.05;95%CI:1.03,1.06), and in women, history of menopause (P = 0.02;OR:1.36;95%CI:1.05,1.75). The prevalence of thoracic spine pain and neck pain showed similar associations. Conclusions In a Russian population, the prevalence of low back pain, thoracic spine pain and neck pain (54.0, 23.6 and 29.1%, respectively) were correlated with parameters such as the female sex, younger age, higher body mass index, higher anxiety score, higher prevalence of a history of cardiovascular disease, lower frequency of vigorous activities and more time spent sitting or reclining. These data may be of interest for assessing the burden of back and neck pain in Russia as part of the global burden of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukharram M Bikbov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia.
| | - Gyulli M Kazakbaeva
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Rinat M Zainullin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Venera F Salavatova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Timur R Gilmanshin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Inga I Arslangareeva
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Nikolai A Nikitin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | | | - Dilya F Yakupova
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Renat I Khikmatullin
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Said K Aminev
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Ildar F Nuriev
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Artur F Zaynetdinov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Yulia V Uzianbaeva
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, 90 Pushkin Street, Ufa, 450077, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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