1
|
Ricci A, Carradori S, Cataldi A, Zara S. Eg5 and Diseases: From the Well-Known Role in Cancer to the Less-Known Activity in Noncancerous Pathological Conditions. Biochem Res Int 2024; 2024:3649912. [PMID: 38939361 PMCID: PMC11211015 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3649912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Eg5 is a protein encoded by KIF11 gene and is primarily involved in correct mitotic cell division. It is also involved in nonmitotic processes such as polypeptide synthesis, protein transport, and angiogenesis. The scientific literature sheds light on the ubiquitous functions of KIF11 and its involvement in the onset and progression of different pathologies. This review focuses attention on two main points: (1) the correlation between Eg5 and cancer and (2) the involvement of Eg5 in noncancerous conditions. Regarding the first point, several tumors revealed an overexpression of this kinesin, thus pushing to look for new Eg5 inhibitors for clinical practice. In addition, the evaluation of Eg5 expression represents a crucial step, as its overexpression could predict a poor prognosis for cancer patients. Referring to the second point, in specific pathological conditions, the reduced activity of Eg5 can be one of the causes of pathological onset. This is the case of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which Aβ and Tau work as Eg5 inhibitors, or in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), in which Tat-mediated Eg5 determines the loss of CD4+ T-lymphocytes. Reduced Eg5 activity, due to mutations of KIF11 gene, is also responsible for pathological conditions such as microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema, or intellectual disability (MCLRI) and familial exudative vitreous retinopathy (FEVR). In conclusion, this review highlights the double impact that overexpression or loss of function of Eg5 could have in the onset and progression of different pathological situations. This emphasizes, on one hand, a possible role of Eg5 as a potential biomarker and new target in cancer and, on the other hand, the promotion of Eg5 expression/activity as a new therapeutic strategy in different noncancerous diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Ricci
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - Amelia Cataldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - Susi Zara
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fazeli E, Child DD, Bucks SA, Stovarsky M, Edwards G, Rose SE, Yu CE, Latimer C, Kitago Y, Bird T, Jayadev S, Andersen OM, Young JE. A familial missense variant in the Alzheimer's disease gene SORL1 impairs its maturation and endosomal sorting. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:20. [PMID: 38244079 PMCID: PMC10799806 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02670-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The SORL1 gene has recently emerged as a strong Alzheimer's Disease (AD) risk gene. Over 500 different variants have been identified in the gene and the contribution of individual variants to AD development and progression is still largely unknown. Here, we describe a family consisting of 2 parents and 5 offspring. Both parents were affected with dementia and one had confirmed AD pathology with an age of onset > 75 years. All offspring were affected with AD with ages at onset ranging from 53 years to 74 years. DNA was available from the parent with confirmed AD and 5 offspring. We identified a coding variant, p.(Arg953Cys), in SORL1 in 5 of 6 individuals affected by AD. Notably, variant carriers had severe AD pathology, and the SORL1 variant segregated with TDP-43 pathology (LATE-NC). We further characterized this variant and show that this Arginine substitution occurs at a critical position in the YWTD-domain of the SORL1 translation product, SORL1. Functional studies further show that the p.R953C variant leads to retention of the SORL1 protein in the endoplasmic reticulum which leads to decreased maturation and shedding of the receptor and prevents its normal endosomal trafficking. Together, our analysis suggests that p.R953C is a pathogenic variant of SORL1 and sheds light on mechanisms of how missense SORL1 variants may lead to AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Fazeli
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniel D Child
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Stephanie A Bucks
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Miki Stovarsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Gabrielle Edwards
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Shannon E Rose
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Chang-En Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Administration Health Care System, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Caitlin Latimer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Yu Kitago
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Thomas Bird
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Administration Health Care System, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Suman Jayadev
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Olav M Andersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Jessica E Young
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yahalom C, Woods RL, Akula JD, Tan WH, Fulton A. Microcephaly and chorioretinopathy associated with TUBGCP4: a case report and a review of the literature. Ophthalmic Genet 2023; 44:585-590. [PMID: 37038737 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2023.2170424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microcephaly and chorioretinopathy (MCCRP) is a rare autosomal recessive (AR) disorder characterized by microcephaly, developmental delay, chorioretinopathy, and visual impairment. We characterized the long-term phenotype of an additional patient with MCCRP associated with TUBCGP4 pathogenic variants and analysed previously reported cases in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS Analysis of clinical and genetic data of a patient with TUBGCP4-related MCCRP followed for more than 19 years and literature search for previously reported patients with TUBCGP4 variants using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. RESULTS Molecular diagnosis using exome sequencing demonstrated two TUBCGP4 variants in trans: c.1669C>T (p.Arg557*) and c.1746 G>T (p.Leu582=). Clinical characteristics included microcephaly, microphthalmia, punched-out chorioretinal lesions, vision impairment, nystagmus, Tetralogy of Fallot and neurodevelopmental delay. Another six previously reported cases of TUBCGP4-related MCCRP were identified. Their clinical and genetic characteristics are compared. CONCLUSIONS TUBCGP4-related microcephaly and chorioretinopathy, is a rare autosomal recessive neuro-ophthalmic disorder. Clinical characteristics in our proband have remained stable for two decades. The pathophysiology of this syndrome is not yet fully understood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Yahalom
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Russell L Woods
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James D Akula
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wen-Hann Tan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anne Fulton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sengillo JD, Ashkenazy N, Shoji MK, Iyer P, Robles-Holmes HK, Lopez A, Yannuzzi NA, Negron CI, Berrocal AM. Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy-Like Phenotype in a Patient With Microcephaly and TUBGCP6 Mutations. JOURNAL OF VITREORETINAL DISEASES 2023; 7:344-347. [PMID: 37927319 PMCID: PMC10621710 DOI: 10.1177/24741264231167236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To describe a case of microcephaly, unilateral retinal fold, and familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR)-like phenotype in the context of 2 TUBGCP6 variants. Methods: A case and its findings were analyzed. Results: A 4-month-old boy with no family history of eye disease presented by referral for management of presumed persistent fetal vasculature in the left eye. An external examination showed microcephaly. The patient grimaced to light in both eyes, and the anterior segments were unremarkable. On dilated fundus examination, diffuse chorioretinal atrophy was present bilaterally. In the left eye, a retinal fold emanated from the optic nerve head. There was early termination of retinal vasculature, especially in zone 3 in the left eye, resembling a FEVR-like phenotype. Panel-based genetic testing was performed and found 2 mutations in TUBGCP6. Conclusions: Microcephaly, chorioretinopathy, and retinal folds may be associated with TUBGCP6 mutations and masquerade as PFV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D. Sengillo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Noy Ashkenazy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marissa K. Shoji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Prashanth Iyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hailey K. Robles-Holmes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ashley Lopez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nicolas A. Yannuzzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Catherin I. Negron
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Audina M. Berrocal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thomas-Wilson A, Schacht JP, Chitayat D, Blaser S, Santos FJR, Glaser K, Caffo A, Wentzensen IM, Henderson LB, Zhang F, Zhu Y, Di Corleto E, da Silva Costa F, Vink R, Alkhunaizi E, Russell L, Buckley MF, Roscioli T, Pereira EM, Ganapathi M. Biallelic variants in TUBGCP6 result in microcephaly and chorioretinopathy 1: Report of four cases and a literature review. Am J Med Genet A 2023. [PMID: 37031378 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive microcephaly and chorioretinopathy-1 (MCCRP1) is a rare Mendelian disorder resulting from biallelic loss of function variants in Tubulin-Gamma Complex Associated Protein 6 (TUBGCP6, MIM#610053). Clinical features of this disorder include microcephaly, cognitive impairment, dysmorphic features, and variable ophthalmological anomalies including chorioretinopathy. Microcephaly can be recognized prenatally and visual impairment becomes evident during the first year of life. The clinical presentation resembles the findings in some acquired conditions such as congenital toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus infections; thus, it is important to recognize and diagnose this syndrome in view of its impact on patient health management and familial reproductive plans. To date, only seven molecularly confirmed patients from five unrelated families have been reported. We report an additional four unrelated patients with TUBGCP6 variants including one prenatal diagnosis and review the clinical phenotypes and genotypes of all the known cases. This report expands the molecular and phenotypic spectrum of TUBGCP6 and includes additional prenatal findings associated with MCCRP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Thomas-Wilson
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - John P Schacht
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Chitayat
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Blaser
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Division of Pediatric Neuroradiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kimberly Glaser
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, Florida, USA
| | - Alesky Caffo
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Futao Zhang
- New South Wales Health Pathology, Randwick Genomics Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ying Zhu
- New South Wales Health Pathology, Randwick Genomics Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ellen Di Corleto
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fabricio da Silva Costa
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rebecca Vink
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ebba Alkhunaizi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laura Russell
- Department of Medical Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael F Buckley
- New South Wales Health Pathology, Randwick Genomics Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tony Roscioli
- New South Wales Health Pathology, Randwick Genomics Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elaine Maria Pereira
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mythily Ganapathi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vitrac A, Leblond CS, Rolland T, Cliquet F, Mathieu A, Maruani A, Delorme R, Schön M, Grabrucker AM, van Ravenswaaij-Arts C, Phelan K, Tabet AC, Bourgeron T. Dissecting the 22q13 region to explore the genetic and phenotypic diversity of patients with Phelan-McDermid syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104732. [PMID: 36822569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
SHANK3-related Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) is caused by a loss of the distal part of chromosome 22, including SHANK3, or by a pathological SHANK3 variant. There is an important genetic and phenotypic diversity among patients who can present with developmental delay, language impairments, autism, epilepsy, and other symptoms. SHANK3, encoding a synaptic scaffolding protein, is deleted in the majority of patients with PMS and is considered a major gene involved in the neurological impairments of the patients. However, differences in deletion size can influence clinical features, and in some rare cases, deletions at the 22q13 locus in individuals with SHANK3-unrelated PMS do not encompass SHANK3. These individuals with SHANK3-unrelated PMS still display a PMS-like phenotype. This suggests the participation of other 22q13 genes in the pathogenesis of PMS. Here, we review the biological function and potential implication in PMS symptoms of 110 genes located in the 22q13 region, focusing on 35 genes with evidence for association with neurodevelopmental disorders, including 13 genes for epilepsy and 11 genes for microcephaly and/or macrocephaly. Our review is restricted to the 22q13 region, but future large-scale studies using whole genome sequencing and deep-phenotyping are warranted to develop predictive models of clinical trajectories and to target specific medical and educational care for each individual with PMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Vitrac
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris Cité, IUF, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Claire S Leblond
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris Cité, IUF, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Rolland
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris Cité, IUF, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Freddy Cliquet
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris Cité, IUF, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Mathieu
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris Cité, IUF, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Anna Maruani
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Richard Delorme
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Michael Schön
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas M Grabrucker
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute HRI, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Conny van Ravenswaaij-Arts
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Katy Phelan
- Genetics Laboratory, Florida Cancer Specialists & Research Institute, Fort Myers, FL, 33916, USA
| | | | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris Cité, IUF, 75015, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chang H, Zhang X, Xu K, Li N, Xie Y, Yan W, Li Y. Phenotype-Based Genetic Analysis Reveals Missing Heritability of KIF11-Related Retinopathy: Clinical and Genetic Findings. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:212. [PMID: 36672954 PMCID: PMC9858922 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to detect the missing heritability of patients with KIF11-related retinopathy and to describe their clinical and genetic characteristics. We enrolled 10 individuals from 7 unrelated families harboring a pathogenic monoallelic variant in KIF11. All subjects underwent ophthalmic assessment and extraocular phenotype evaluations, as well as comprehensive molecular genetic analyses using next-generation sequencing. Minigene assays were performed to observe the effects of one novel deep intron variant (DIV) and one novel synonymous variant on pre-mRNA splicing. We detected 6 novel different disease-causing variants of KIF11 in the seven pedigrees. Co-segregation analysis and ultra-deep sequencing results indicated that 5 variants arose de novo in 5 families (71%). Functional validation revealed that the synonymous variant leads to an exon skip, while the DIV causes a pseudoexon (PE) inclusion. The patients presented with high variations in their phenotype, and two families exhibited incomplete penetrance. Ocular manifestations and characteristic facial features were observed in all patients, as well as microcephaly in seven patients, intellectual disability in five patients, and lymphedema in one patient. The key retinal features for KIF11-related retinopathy were retinal folds, tractional retinal detachment, and chorioretinal dysplasia. All seven probands had more severe visual detects than other affected family members. Our findings widen the genetic spectrum of KIF11 variants. DIV explained rare unresolved cases with KIF11-related retinopathy. The patients displayed a variable phenotype expressivity and incomplete penetrance, indicating the importance of genetic analysis for patients with KIF11-related retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yang Li
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100051, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Y, Huang L, Sun L, Li S, Zhang Z, Zhang T, Lai Y, Ding X. Ocular findings and genetic test in Alström syndrome in childhood. Exp Eye Res 2022; 225:109277. [PMID: 36206858 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mutation spectrums and ocular features of Alström syndrome (AS) patients. Six AS patients from five unrelated families were included. Ocular and systemic examinations were performed in all subjects. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed in the probands, and Sanger sequencing was performed for mutation validation and segregation analysis. Among the six patients, the first symptoms included nystagmus, poor fixation, and photophobia. Five patients had high hyperopia, four of whom (80%) were initially diagnosed with amblyopia before referral with prescribed corrective lenses and amblyopia treatment, but no improvement was obtained. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed progressive damage to the photoreceptor layer, including blurred ellipsoid zone (EZ) and lack of interdigitation zone (IZ) within the macula, and thorough loss of photoreceptor layer in the peripheral retina. Electroretinograms (ERG) demonstrated severely diminished cone and rod responses. WES identified biallelic variants of ALMS1 in all the six patients, including two novels, c.3892C > T (p.Gln1298*) and c.2888_2897del (p.Ser963Thrfs*15) and five knowns, c.10819C > T (p.Arg3607Trp), c.2090C > A (p.Ser697*), c.4891C > T (p.Gln1631*), c.10825C > T (p.Arg3069*) and c.6430C > T (Arg2146*). In conclusion, this study expanded the ocular features and genotypic spectrum of AS. High hyperopia is a significant and common feature of AS. OCT and ERG are essential accessory techniques for the diagnosis of AS. If a patient had high hyperopia with a noneffective response to amblyopic treatment, the diagnosis of AS should be suspected, and detailed ocular examination, systemic evaluation, and genetic testing recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Limei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Songshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhaotian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yanting Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang X, Chen J, Xiong H, Yu X. Genotype-phenotype associations in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis on more than 3200 individuals. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271326. [PMID: 35830446 PMCID: PMC9278778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
To systematically review the relationship between genotypes and clinical phenotypes of Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) to support risk estimation and therapeutic decisions.
Design
Systematic review with meta-analysis.
Data sources
The data of our study were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, CBM, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WAN FANG and VIP databases since inception to August 2021.
Results
A total of 3257 patients from 32 studies were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among all the cases, the mutation frequencies of LRP5, FZD4, NDP, TSPAN12, ZNF408 and KIF11 were 13.6%, 11.5%, 4.6%, 6.7%, 1.6%, and 5.7%, respectively. We found that the patients with NDP and FZD4 suffer more severe symptoms, among which 86.4% patients of NDP and 78.6% patients of FZD4 were in the advanced stage of FEVR. Retinal detachment is the most frequent symptom with patients of LRP5 and NDP mutations, accounting for 51.9% and 64.5%, respectively. For the patients with the mutation of TSPAN12, retinal fold is the most common clinical manifestation, and suffer the mildest clinical phenotypes compared with the other three genes.
Conclusion
The results of the meta-analysis indicate that different types of genetic mutations occur at different frequencies. In addition, the clinical manifestations of FEVR are related to the type of gene mutation. Therefore, targeted treatment strategies and follow-up recommendations should be adopted for different pathogenic genes of FEVR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Wang
- Eye Hospital, The First affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Eye Hospital, The First affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Eye Hospital, The First affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuhui Yu
- Eye Hospital, The First affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Centrioles are microtubule-based cylindrical structures that assemble the centrosome and template the formation of cilia. The proximal part of centrioles is associated with the pericentriolar material, a protein scaffold from which microtubules are nucleated. This activity is mediated by the γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC) whose central role in centrosomal microtubule organization has been recognized for decades. However, accumulating evidence suggests that γTuRC activity at this organelle is neither restricted to the pericentriolar material nor limited to microtubule nucleation. Instead, γTuRC is found along the entire centriole cylinder, at subdistal appendages, and inside the centriole lumen, where its canonical function as a microtubule nucleator might be supplemented or replaced by a function in microtubule anchoring and centriole stabilization, respectively. In this Opinion, we discuss recent insights into the expanded repertoire of γTuRC activities at centrioles and how distinct subpopulations of γTuRC might act in concert to ensure centrosome and cilia biogenesis and function, ultimately supporting cell proliferation, differentiation and homeostasis. We propose that the classical view of centrosomal γTuRC as a pericentriolar material-associated microtubule nucleator needs to be revised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schweizer
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jens Lüders
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Overexpression of the PLK4 Gene as a Novel Strategy for the Treatment of Autosomal Recessive Microcephaly by Improving Centrosomal Dysfunction. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:2618-2627. [PMID: 34272646 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01881-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive microcephaly and chorioretinopathy (MCCRP) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, growth retardation with dwarfism, and ocular abnormalities, and its occurrence has been found to be closely related to variants of the gene encoding centrosomes. However, the association between centrosomal duplication defects and the etiology of microcephaly syndromes is poorly understood. It is well known that polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) is a key regulator of centriole duplication, and the abnormalities of centrosomal function caused by its protein variation need to be further explored in the pathogenesis of microcephaly. In our study, we found that a patient with microcephaly and chorioretinopathy harbored compound heterozygous missense variants NM_014264.4: c.2221C > T (p.Gln741*) and NM_014264.4: c.2062 T > C (p.Tyr688His) in the PLK4 gene. Overexpression experiments of the variant PLK4 proteins then showed that the G741 variant rather than the T688H variant had lost centrosomal amplification ability, and the G741 variant but not the T688H variant induced centrosomal replication disorder, which further inhibited cell proliferation, cycle division and cytoskeleton morphology in HeLa cells. Moreover, the overexpression of the two variant proteins had inconsistent effects on the target protein PLK4 by western blot analysis, also indicating that T688H variant overexpression is not functionally equivalent to WT-PLK4 overexpression. Therefore, all data support the idea that the PLK4 mutation induces centriolar duplication disorder and reduces the efficiency of mitosis inducing cell death or cell proliferation in the etiology of microcephaly disorder.
Collapse
|
12
|
Kondo H, Matsushita I, Nagata T, Fujihara E, Hosono K, Uchio E, Hotta Y, Kusaka S. Retinal Features of Family Members With Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy Caused By Mutations in KIF11 Gene. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:18. [PMID: 34128965 PMCID: PMC8212440 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.7.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the clinical characteristics of patients and family members with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) caused by mutations in the KIF11 gene. Methods Twenty-one patients from 10 FEVR families with mutations in the KIF11 gene were studied. The retinal and systemic features were examined. The genetic analyses performed included Sanger sequencing of the KIF11 gene, whole exome sequencing, as well as array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis and multiple ligation probe assay (MLPA). Results Sequence analysis revealed seven different KIF11 mutations. Array CGH with MLPA revealed two different exon deletions. All probands had advanced FEVR with retinal detachments (RDs) and microcephaly with or without developmental disabilities. Patients with bilateral RDs were more frequently associated with developmental disabilities (P = 0.023). Multimodal imaging of the family members revealed that six of nine patients without RDs (66%) had varying degrees of chorioretinopathy. The retinal folds in FEVR patients were associated with severe retinal avascularization. However, funduscopic changes in the peripheral retina were unremarkable in family members without RDs. A score representing the peripheral vascular anomalies determined from the fluorescein angiograms was lower than that of control eyes of patients with mutations of the Wnt signaling genes (P = 0.0029). Conclusions The probands with KIF11 mutations were associated with severe ocular and systemic pathologies, whereas affected family members showed highly variable clinical manifestations. Peripheral vascular anomalies can often be unremarkable in eyes without RDs. Translational Relevance These findings highlight more diverse mechanisms that underlie the pathological changes in patients with FEVR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kondo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Itsuka Matsushita
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Nagata
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Etsuko Fujihara
- Division of Ophthalmology, Matsue Red Cross Hospital, Matsue, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Hosono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Eiichi Uchio
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hotta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shunji Kusaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shurygina MF, Simonett JM, Parker MA, Mitchell A, Grigorian F, Lifton J, Nagiel A, Shpak AA, Dadali EL, Mishina IA, Weleber RG, Yang P, Pennesi ME. Genotype Phenotype Correlation and Variability in Microcephaly Associated With Chorioretinopathy or Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:2. [PMID: 33137195 PMCID: PMC7645200 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.13.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to analyze the natural history and phenotypic overlap of patients with microcephaly and a chorioretinopathy or familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) ocular phenotype caused by mutations in KIF11, TUBGCP4, or TUBGCP6. Methods Patients diagnosed with congenital microcephaly and chorioretinopathy or FEVR were included. Molecular investigations consisted of targeted genetic sequencing. Data from medical records, ophthalmologic examination and imaging, electroretinography, and visual fields were analyzed for systemic and ophthalmic features and evidence of posterior segment disease progression. Results Twelve patients from 9 families were included and had a median of 8 years of follow-up. Nine patients had KIF11 variants, two had heterozygous TUBGCP6 variants, and one had heterozygous variants in TUBGCP4. All patients had reduced visual function and multiple individuals and families showed features of both chorioretinopathy and FEVR. Progression of posterior segment disease was highly variable, with some degree of increased atrophy of the macula or peripheral retina or increased vitreoretinal traction observed in 9 of 12 patients. Conclusions Microcephaly due to mutations in KIF11, TUBGCP4, or TUBGCP6 can be associated with retinal disease on a spectrum from chorioretinal atrophy to FEVR-like posterior segment changes. Visually significant disease progression can occur and patients should be monitored closely by a team experienced in ophthalmic genetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria F Shurygina
- S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russia
| | - Joseph M Simonett
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Maria A Parker
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Amanda Mitchell
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Florin Grigorian
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
| | - Jacob Lifton
- Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Aaron Nagiel
- Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States.,The Vision Center, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Alexander A Shpak
- S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena L Dadali
- The Vision Center, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Irina A Mishina
- The Vision Center, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Richard G Weleber
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Paul Yang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Mark E Pennesi
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tao Z, Bu S, Lu F. Two AOS genes attributed to familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with microcephaly: Two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24633. [PMID: 33655927 PMCID: PMC7939203 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is an inherited disorder, which is mostly reported to be associated with the mutation of genes involved in the Wnt signaling pathway related to β-catenin. To the best of our knowledge, the involvement of Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) genes in FEVR patients have not been reported before. PATIENT CONCERNS Two patients with FEVR presented with microcephaly. One of them showed slight scarring of the scalp vertex which is a typical manifestation of AOS. The whole exon sequencing confirmed the diagnosis of AOS with 2 AOS-gene mutations at DOCK6 and ARHGAP31. Further clinical examination revealed that their parents with the same mutations showed FEVR-like vascular anomalies. DIAGNOSIS Both patients were diagnosed with AOS through whole exon sequencing, and they presented with some FEVR-like retinopathy including retinal detachment. INTERVENTIONS Both patients received vitrectomy for tractional retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. During the follow-up, 1 patient received additional laser photocoagulation for tractional retinal detachment. OUTCOMES The 2 patients remained stable in the latest follow up after the treatment. LESSONS Microcephaly could be associated with some form of retinopathy. We proposed that mutation of DOCK6 and ARHGAP31 genes could be the possible cause of FEVR associated with microcephaly. Our study suggested that these genes may be candidate genes of FEVR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Shaochong Bu
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital and Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gungor S, Oktay Y, Hiz S, Aranguren-Ibáñez Á, Kalafatcilar I, Yaramis A, Karaca E, Yis U, Sonmezler E, Ekinci B, Aslan M, Yilmaz E, Özgör B, Balaraju S, Szabo N, Laurie S, Beltran S, MacArthur DG, Hathazi D, Töpf A, Roos A, Lochmuller H, Vernos I, Horvath R. Autosomal recessive variants in TUBGCP2 alter the γ-tubulin ring complex leading to neurodevelopmental disease. iScience 2021; 24:101948. [PMID: 33458610 PMCID: PMC7797523 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules help building the cytoskeleton of neurons and other cells. Several components of the gamma-tubulin (γ-tubulin) complex have been previously reported in human neurodevelopmental diseases. We describe two siblings from a consanguineous Turkish family with dysmorphic features, developmental delay, brain malformation, and epilepsy carrying a homozygous mutation (p.Glu311Lys) in TUBGCP2 encoding the γ-tubulin complex 2 (GCP2) protein. This variant is predicted to disrupt the electrostatic interaction of GCP2 with GCP3. In primary fibroblasts carrying the variant, we observed a faint delocalization of γ-tubulin during the cell cycle but normal GCP2 protein levels. Through mass spectrometry, we observed dysregulation of multiple proteins involved in the assembly and organization of the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix, controlling cellular adhesion and of proteins crucial for neuronal homeostasis including axon guidance. In summary, our functional and proteomic studies link TUBGCP2 and the γ-tubulin complex to the development of the central nervous system in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serdal Gungor
- Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Research Center, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Oktay
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University and Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Semra Hiz
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology Izmir, Turkey
| | - Álvaro Aranguren-Ibáñez
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Ipek Kalafatcilar
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yaramis
- Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Private Office, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Karaca
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University and Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Uluc Yis
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ece Sonmezler
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Ekinci
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Aslan
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elmasnur Yilmaz
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bilge Özgör
- Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Research Center, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Sunitha Balaraju
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Translational and Clinical Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Van Geest Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Nora Szabo
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Van Geest Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
- Budai Children Hospital, Észak-Közép-budai Centrum, Új Szent János Kórház és Szakrendelő, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Steven Laurie
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Beltran
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel G. MacArthur
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Denisa Hathazi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Van Geest Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Ana Töpf
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Translational and Clinical Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andreas Roos
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, ISAS, Dortmund, Germany & Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Medicine, Essen, Germany
| | - Hanns Lochmuller
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, the Ottawa Hospital; and Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Isabelle Vernos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Spain
| | - Rita Horvath
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Translational and Clinical Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Amorelli GM, Barresi C, Ji MH, Orazi L, Molle F, Lepore D. Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy With Neurodevelopmental Delay and Hypoplasia of the Corpus Callosum. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2020; 51:588-591. [DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20201005-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
17
|
Yang XR, Benson MD, MacDonald IM, Innes AM. A diagnostic approach to syndromic retinal dystrophies with intellectual disability. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 184:538-570. [PMID: 32918368 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inherited retinal dystrophies are a group of monogenic disorders that, as a whole, contribute significantly to the burden of ocular disease in both pediatric and adult patients. In their syndromic forms, retinal dystrophies can be observed in association with intellectual disability, frequently alongside other systemic manifestations. There are now over 80 genes implicated in syndromic retinal dystrophies with intellectual disability. Identifying and accurately characterizing these disorders allows the clinician to narrow the differential diagnosis, evaluate for relevant associated features, arrive at a timely and accurate diagnosis, and address both sight-threatening ocular manifestations and morbidity-causing systemic manifestations. The co-occurrence of retinal dystrophy and intellectual disability in an individual can be challenging to investigate, diagnose, and counsel given the considerable phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity that exists within this broad group of disorders. We performed a review of the current literature and propose an algorithm to facilitate the evaluation, and clinical and mechanistic classification, of these individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ru Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew D Benson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ian M MacDonald
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen C, Sun L, Li S, Huang L, Zhang T, Wang Z, Yu B, Luo X, Ding X. Novel variants in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy patients with KIF11 mutations and the Genotype-Phenotype correlation. Exp Eye Res 2020; 199:108165. [PMID: 32730767 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is an inherited disease characterized by abnormal development of retinal vasculature. KIF11 mutations were identified to be associated with FEVR in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate novel variants and describe associated ocular and extraocular phenotypes in FEVR patients with KIF11 mutations. Herein, 417 probands with clinical diagnosis of FEVR were enrolled. Genetic testing and ophthalmic examinations were performed in all subjects, and the genotype-phenotype correlation was analyzed. Overall, KIF11 mutation was identified in nine probands (9/417, 2.2%) among the patients with FEVR phenotype. There were six males and three females whose median age was six months (range: four months to six years old) at first visit. Among the detected mutations, five (55.6%) were frameshift, two (22.2%) were missense, one (11.1%) nonsense, and one (11.1%) splicing. Seven of these KIF11 mutations were detected as novel. Four (4/9, 44.4%) of the mutations were de novo. Clinical examinations showed that: four probands presented with bilateral falciform retinal fold; two with bilateral tractional retinal detachment; one was observed tractional retinal detachment in one eye and retinal fold in the other eye; one had falciform retinal fold in one eye and chorioretinal atrophy in the other eye; one exhibited rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the left eye. Six of the probands were detected to have microcephaly. In conclusion: Most (5/9,55.6%) of the causative mutations were frameshift, and nearly half (4/9, 44.4%) of the mutations were de novo. Most (8/9, 88.9%) patients with KIF11 mutations showed typical ocular manifestations of severe FEVR. Majority (6/9, 66.7%) of the probands had a KIF11 mutation and were detected to have microcephaly. Seven of these harbored KIF11 mutations detected to be novel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chonglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Limei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Songshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Bilin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang Y, Wang Z, Huang S, Sun L, Zhao S, Zhong Y, Xiao H, Ding X. Parents' perceptions of diagnostic genetic testing for children with inherited retinal disease in China. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e916. [PMID: 31373165 PMCID: PMC6732314 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we aim to investigate the awareness of, attitudes toward, and experiences with diagnostic genetic testing among parents of children suspected of having inherited retinal disease (IRDs) in China. Methods Semistructured, face‐to‐face, and in‐depth interviews were carried out with parents of children with suspected IRDs in this qualitative study. Inductive content analysis was used for data processing. Results Forty‐six parents participated in our interviews, and 47.8% of them supported genetic testing for following four main reasons: to help in making informed reproductive health decisions, to prepare for novel potential treatment, to identify the underlying causes of IRDs, and to satisfy curiosity about the heredity of IRDs. Among them, 19.6% were opposed to the testing for four main reasons, namely lack of therapeutic benefit, difficulty in affording the testing cost, doubt in the accuracy of clinical diagnosis, and the presence of concerns about the limitations of genetic testing. 47.8% of the parents expressed concerns that the genetic findings might lead to potential psychological stress. Conclusion In this study, we showed that nearly half of the parents supported genetic testing mainly for family planning, and a fifth of the parents were opposed to the testing mainly for lack of therapeutic benefit. Moreover, half of the parents expressed concern that a positive genetic result may create potential psychological burden to the parents and children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiming Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|