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Batu ED, Sener S, Cam V, Aktay Ayaz N, Ozen S. Treatment with Biologic Drugs in Pediatric Behçet's Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Published Data. BioDrugs 2023; 37:813-828. [PMID: 37382804 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-023-00613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Behçet's disease (BD) is a variable vessel vasculitis. Biologic drugs are increasingly used in the treatment of BD. We aimed to analyze biologic drug use in the treatment of pediatric BD. METHODS MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus databases were searched from the inception of these databases until 15 November 2022, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Only reports presenting data of pediatric patients with BD (BD diagnosis < 18 years of age) treated with biologic drugs were included. The demographic features, clinical characteristics, and data on treatment were extracted from the included papers. RESULTS We included 87 articles including 187 pediatric patients with BD treated with biologic drugs (215 biologic treatments). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors (176 treatments) were the most frequently used biologic drugs followed by interferons (21 treatments). Other reported biologic treatments were anti-interleukin-1 agents (n = 11), tocilizumab (n = 4), daclizumab (n = 2), and rituximab (n = 1). The most common indication for biologic drug use was ocular involvement (93 treatments) followed by multisystem active disease (29 treatments). Monoclonal TNF-α inhibitors, adalimumab and infliximab, were preferred over etanercept in ocular and gastrointestinal BD. The improvement rates with any TNF-α inhibitor, adalimumab, infliximab, etanercept, and interferons were 78.5%, 86.1%, 63.4%, 87.5%, and 70%; respectively. The organ-specific improvement rate with TNF-α inhibitors was 76.7% and 70% for ocular and gastrointestinal system involvement. Adverse events have been reported for TNF-α inhibitors, interferons, and rituximab. Six of these were severe [TNF-α inhibitors (n = 4); interferons (n = 2)]. CONCLUSIONS The presented systematic literature search revealed that TNF-α inhibitors followed by interferons were the most frequently used biologic drugs in pediatric BD. Both group of biologic treatments appeared to be effective and have an acceptable safety profile in pediatric BD. However, controlled studies are required for analyzing indications for biologic treatments in pediatric BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Deniz Batu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İhsan Doğramacı Çocuk Hastanesi, Çocuk Romatoloji Bölümü, Kat: 3 Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Seher Sener
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İhsan Doğramacı Çocuk Hastanesi, Çocuk Romatoloji Bölümü, Kat: 3 Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Veysel Cam
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İhsan Doğramacı Çocuk Hastanesi, Çocuk Romatoloji Bölümü, Kat: 3 Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuray Aktay Ayaz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seza Ozen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İhsan Doğramacı Çocuk Hastanesi, Çocuk Romatoloji Bölümü, Kat: 3 Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
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Rivera PA, Gupta A, Kombo N. Treatment of non-infectious retinal vasculitis. Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2023; 15:25158414231152761. [PMID: 37077655 PMCID: PMC10107051 DOI: 10.1177/25158414231152761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal vasculitis (RV) refers to an entity in which the retinal vasculature is inflamed, frequently with indications of inflammation elsewhere in the eye. Non-infectious RV can be idiopathic or associated with systemic disease, ocular conditions, and malignancy. It can also be classified based on the vessel affected: artery, vein, or both. Due to the lack of strong evidence-based treatment trials and algorithms for RV, physicians must often rely on their experience, which creates great variability in treating this entity. This article provides an overview of various treatment modalities used in the management of non-infectious RV, with a focus on immunomodulatory therapies. We outline a potential stepwise approach of starting with steroids to control the acute inflammation and subsequently changing to immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) for long-term treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola A. Rivera
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Akash Gupta
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ninani Kombo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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3
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Desurmont MG, Sales de Gauzy T, Toutée A, Lam D, Fardeau C, Bodaghi B. [Systemic lupus erythematosus and ischemic macular retinopathy: A case report]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2022; 45:e419-e422. [PMID: 35659459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M-G Desurmont
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, IHU FOReSIGHT, AP-HP-Sorbonne université, 47-83, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - T Sales de Gauzy
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, IHU FOReSIGHT, AP-HP-Sorbonne université, 47-83, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - A Toutée
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, IHU FOReSIGHT, AP-HP-Sorbonne université, 47-83, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - D Lam
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, IHU FOReSIGHT, AP-HP-Sorbonne université, 47-83, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - C Fardeau
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, IHU FOReSIGHT, AP-HP-Sorbonne université, 47-83, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - B Bodaghi
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, IHU FOReSIGHT, AP-HP-Sorbonne université, 47-83, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
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Sendek JK, Goyal A, Josephberg RG. Nitroglycerin as a Treatment Modality for Recurrent Isolated Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy: A Case Report. Cureus 2021; 13:e20447. [PMID: 34956800 PMCID: PMC8675589 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) is a condition characterized by ischemia affecting the deep capillary plexus layer of the macula, often resulting in a paracentral visual scotoma. PAMM has been reported in association with retinal vascular diseases or as an isolated phenomenon in young and healthy individuals. There is currently no treatment for PAMM. We report a case in which sublingual nitroglycerin reversed developing visual scotomas, or blind spots, in a patient with known recurrent episodes of PAMM. This case describes a male patient with previously documented evidence of PAMM in both eyes following episodes of extreme physical activity or dehydration. These episodes would often last days without ultimate resolution. After one such occurrence in his right eye, the patient was treated with a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet immediately after the development of new visual scotomas. The patient’s visual symptoms improved within minutes of administering sublingual nitroglycerin, and completely resolved within hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason K Sendek
- Ophthalmology, Briarcliff High School, Briarcliff Manor, USA
| | - Anita Goyal
- Ophthalmology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA
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Chhabra N, Chiang CC, Di Nome MA, Houghton O, Carlin RE, O'Carroll CB, Dodick DW, Dumitrascu OM. Migrainous infarction of the eye: Two cases of monocular ischemic complications associated with retinal migraine. Cephalalgia 2021; 42:553-556. [PMID: 34786973 DOI: 10.1177/03331024211056286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal migraine is defined by fully reversible monocular visual phenomena. We present two cases that were complicated by permanent monocular vision deficits. CASES A 57-year-old man with history of retinal migraine experienced persistent monocular vision loss after one stereotypical retinal migraine, progressing to finger-count vision over 4 days. He developed paracentral acute middle maculopathy that progressed to central retinal artery occlusion. A 27-year-old man with history of retinal migraine presented with persistent right eye superotemporal scotoma after a retinal migraine. Relative afferent pupillary defect and superotemporal visual field defect were noted, consistent with ischemic optic neuropathy. CONCLUSION Retinal migraine can complicate with permanent monocular visual loss, suggesting potential migrainous infarction of the retina or optic nerve. A thorough cerebrovascular evaluation must be completed, which was unrevealing in our cases. Acute and preventive migraine therapy may be considered in retinal migraine patients, to mitigate rare but potentially permanent visual loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Chhabra
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | - Marie A Di Nome
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Odette Houghton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Rachel E Carlin
- Department of Neurology, Ceders-Sinai, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - David W Dodick
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Oana M Dumitrascu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona.,Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
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Zaguia F, Marchese A, Cicinelli MV, Miller VJ, Miserocchi E, Goldstein DA. Long-term success treating inflammatory epiretinal neovascularization with immunomodulatory therapy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 260:553-559. [PMID: 34499246 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to report the long-term outcomes of uveitis-associated optic disc and epiretinal neovascularization (NV) treated with immunomodulatory therapy alone. METHODS This is a retrospective, multi-center chart review conducted at Northwestern University (Chicago, IL) and San Raffaele Scientific Institute (Milan, Italy) from 2014 to 2021 of patients with optic disc and/or retinal neovascularization associated with uveitis. The data collected included age at the time of NV detection, gender, medications, and follow-up period. Imaging was reviewed if available. RESULTS Eight eyes of six patients were identified. The mean age was 22 years (range 10-52 years); the median follow-up was 3 years (range 6 months to 7 years). All eyes presented with active NV at the time of uveitis onset; 7 eyes were treatment-naïve. None had clinical or angiographic evidence of retinal ischemia. All patients received a variable combination of local steroids, systemic steroids, and systemic immunosuppression. Complete resolution of uveitic NV occurred in all eyes within a median of 8 weeks (ranging 2-20 weeks) from initiating treatment. No NV recurrence was noted. CONCLUSION Immunomodulatory therapy alone may be successful in achieving long-term control of uveitis-associated NV, without the use of destructive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Zaguia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Uveitis Service, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Ste 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Alessandro Marchese
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Cicinelli
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Victoria J Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Uveitis Service, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Ste 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | | | - Debra A Goldstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, Uveitis Service, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Ste 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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