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Lin P, Cao W, Chen X, Zhang N, Xing Y, Yang N. Role of mRNA-binding proteins in retinal neovascularization. Exp Eye Res 2024; 242:109870. [PMID: 38514023 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a pathological process that primarily occurs in diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, and retinal vein occlusion. It is a common yet debilitating clinical condition that culminates in blindness. Urgent efforts are required to explore more efficient and less limiting therapeutic strategies. Key RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), crucial for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by binding to RNAs, are closely correlated with RNV development. RBP-RNA interactions are altered during RNV. Here, we briefly review the characteristics and functions of RBPs, and the mechanism of RNV. Then, we present insights into the role of the regulatory network of RBPs in RNV. HuR, eIF4E, LIN28B, SRSF1, METTL3, YTHDF1, Gal-1, HIWI1, and ZFR accelerate RNV progression, whereas YTHDF2 and hnRNPA2B1 hinder it. The mechanisms elucidated in this review provide a reference to guide the design of therapeutic strategies to reverse abnormal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Wenye Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Ningzhi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Yiqiao Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China.
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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Cao X, Su L, Chen H. A potent bioreducible ionizable lipid nanoparticle enables siRNA delivery for retinal neovascularization inhibition. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024:114296. [PMID: 38636882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is emerging as a promising treatment for retinal neovascularization due to its specific inhibition of the expression of target genes. However, the clinical translation of siRNA drugs is hindered by the efficiency and safety of delivery vectors. Here, we describe the properties of a new bioreducible ionizable lipid nanoparticle (LNP) 2N12H, which is based on a rationally designed novel ionizable lipid called 2N12B. 2N12H exhibited degradation in response to the mimic cytoplasmic glutathione condition and ionization with a pKa value of 6.5, which remaining neutral at pH 7.4. At a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of 5, 2N12H efficiently encapsulated and protected siRNA from degradation. Compared to the commercial vehicle Lipofectamine 2000, 2N12H demonstrated similar silencing efficiency and improved safety in the in vitro cell experiments. 2N12H/siVEGFA reduced the expression of VEGFA in retinal pigment epithelium cells and mouse retina, consequently suppressing cell migration and retinal neovascularization. In the mouse model, the therapeutic effect of 2N12H/siVEGFA was comparable to that of the clinical drug ranibizumab. Together, these results suggest the potential of this novel ionizable LNP to facilitate the development of nonviral ocular gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Cao
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Lili Su
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hao Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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3
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Xu X, Ding X, Wang Z, Ye S, Xu J, Liang Z, Luo R, Xu J, Li X, Ren Z. GBP2 inhibits pathological angiogenesis in the retina via the AKT/mTOR/VEGFA axis. Microvasc Res 2024:104689. [PMID: 38636926 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Pathological retinal angiogenesis is not only the hallmark of retinopathies, but also a major cause of blindness. Guanylate binding protein 2 (GBP2) has been reported to be associated with retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and hypoxic retinopathy. However, GBP2-mediated pathological retinal angiogenesis remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of GBP2 in pathological retinal angiogenesis and its underlying molecular mechanism. In this study, we established oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice model for in vivo study and hypoxia-induced angiogenesis in ARPE-19 cells for in vitro study. We demonstrated that GBP2 expression was markedly downregulated in the retina of mice with OIR and ARPE-19 cells treated with hypoxia, which was associated with pathological retinal angiogenesis. The regulatory mechanism of GBP2 in ARPE-19 cells was studied by GBP2 silencing and overexpression. The regulatory mechanism of GBP2 in the retina was investigated by overexpressing GBP2 in the retina of OIR mice. Mechanistically, GBP2 downregulated the expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) in ARPE-19 cells and retina of OIR mice. Interestingly, overexpression of GBP2 significantly inhibited neovascularization in OIR mice, conditioned medium of GBP2 overexpressing ARPE-19 cells inhibited angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, we confirmed that GBP2 downregulated VEGFA expression and angiogenesis by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Taken together, we concluded that GBP2 inhibited pathological retinal angiogenesis via the AKT/mTOR/VEGFA axis, thereby suggesting that GBP2 may be a therapeutic target for pathological retinal angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xihui Ding
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Zizhuo Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shujiang Ye
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Jianguang Xu
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Privine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Zugang Liang
- Hefei Huaxia Mingren Eye Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Renfei Luo
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jinyong Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Zhenhua Ren
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; College and Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Privine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Hu A, Schmidt MHH, Heinig N. Microglia in retinal angiogenesis and diabetic retinopathy. Angiogenesis 2024:10.1007/s10456-024-09911-1. [PMID: 38564108 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09911-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy has a high probability of causing visual impairment or blindness throughout the disease progression and is characterized by the growth of new blood vessels in the retina at an advanced, proliferative stage. Microglia are a resident immune population in the central nervous system, known to play a crucial role in regulating retinal angiogenesis in both physiological and pathological conditions, including diabetic retinopathy. Physiologically, they are located close to blood vessels and are essential for forming new blood vessels (neovascularization). In diabetic retinopathy, microglia become widely activated, showing a distinct polarization phenotype that leads to their accumulation around neovascular tufts. These activated microglia induce pathogenic angiogenesis through the secretion of various angiogenic factors and by regulating the status of endothelial cells. Interestingly, some subtypes of microglia simultaneously promote the regression of neovascularization tufts and normal angiogenesis in neovascularization lesions. Modulating the state of microglial activation to ameliorate neovascularization thus appears as a promising potential therapeutic approach for managing diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyan Hu
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, Fetscherstr 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mirko H H Schmidt
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, Fetscherstr 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Nora Heinig
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, Fetscherstr 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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Tsuboi K, Mazloumi M, Guo Y, Wang J, Flaxel CJ, Bailey ST, Wilson DJ, Huang D, Jia Y, Hwang TS. Early Sign of Retinal Neovascularization Evolution in Diabetic Retinopathy: A Longitudinal OCT Angiography Study. Ophthalmol Sci 2024; 4:100382. [PMID: 37868804 PMCID: PMC10587637 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2023.100382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To assess whether the combination of en face OCT and OCT angiography (OCTA) can capture observable, but subtle, structural changes that precede clinically evident retinal neovascularization (RNV) in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Design Retrospective, longitudinal study. Participants Patients with DR that had at least 2 visits. Methods We obtained wide-field OCTA scans of 1 eye from each participant and generated en face OCT, en face OCTA, and cross-sectional OCTA. We identified eyes with RNV sprouts, defined as epiretinal hyperreflective materials on en face OCT with flow signals breaching the internal limiting membrane on the cross-sectional OCTA without recognizable RNV on en face OCTA and RNV fronds, defined as recognizable abnormal vascular structures on the en face OCTA. We examined the corresponding location from follow-up or previous visits for the presence or progression of the RNV. Main Outcome Measures The characteristics and longitudinal observation of early signs of RNV. Results From 71 eyes, we identified RNV in 20 eyes with the combination of OCT and OCTA, of which 13 (65%) were photographically graded as proliferative DR, 6 (30%) severe nonproliferative DR, and 1 (5%) moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. From these eyes, we identified 38 RNV sprouts and 26 RNV fronds at the baseline. Thirty-four RNVs (53%) originated from veins, 24 (38%) were from intraretinal microabnormalities, and 6 (9%) were from a nondilated capillary bed. At the final visit, 53 RNV sprouts and 30 RNV fronds were detected. Ten eyes (50%) showed progression, defined as having a new RNV lesion or the development of an RNV frond from an RNV sprout. Four (11%) RNV sprouts developed into RNV fronds with a mean interval of 7.0 months. Nineteen new RNV sprouts developed during the follow-up, whereas no new RNV frond was observed outside an identified RNV sprout. The eyes with progression were of younger age (P = 0.014) and tended to be treatment naive (P = 0.07) compared with eyes without progression. Conclusions Longitudinal observation demonstrated that a combination of en face OCT and cross-sectional OCTA can identify an earlier form of RNV before it can be recognized on en face OCTA. Financial Disclosures Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Tsuboi
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1, Yazako-Karimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Mehdi Mazloumi
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Yukun Guo
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jie Wang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Steven T. Bailey
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - David J. Wilson
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - David Huang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Yali Jia
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Thomas S. Hwang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Zhioua Braham I, Boukari M, Maalej R, Mili I, Zhioua R. Peripapillary retinal neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage secondary to peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2024; 33:101961. [PMID: 38374948 PMCID: PMC10875186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2023.101961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report a case of peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome (PPS) complicated with peripapillary retinal neovascularization causing vitreous hemorrhage. Observation A 42-year-old man, with a history of a visual loss of the right eye (RE) for 4 years, presented for ophthalmological examination. Best-corrected visual acuity was «counting fingers» in the RE and 20/25 in the left eye. Fundus examination showed irregular pattern of hypopigmentation of the retinal pigmented epithelium in both eyes with retinal neovessels in the peripapillary region of the RE. Swept-source optical coherence tomography demonstrated a central serous pigment epithelial detachment with intraretinal cysts and serous retinal detachment in the nasal macula extending from the temporal disc margin in the RE. Fluorescein angiography showed multiple areas of hyperfluorescence without clear distinction of retinal neovessels. Indocyanine green angiography showed patches of choroidal hyperpermeability predominant in the peripapillary region in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography angiography provided a good visualization of the papillary and retinal neovessels without signs of choroidal neovascularization. Two months after initial examination, the patient presented with vitreous hemorrhage associated to juxtapapillary preretinal hemorrhage in the RE. After vitreous injections of bevacizumab, we observed a total resolution of the vitreous hemorrhage a partial decrease of the intraretinal and subretinal fluid. Conclusions and importance We report an unusual case of peripapillary retinal neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage complicating a PPS. OCTA was useful to detect retinal neovessels and peripapillary retinal and choriocapillaris hypoperfusion, supporting the understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of neovascularization in PPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imène Zhioua Braham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mejdi Boukari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rim Maalej
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ilhem Mili
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Zhioua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
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Guo S, Li C, Wang C, Cao X, Liu X, Liang XJ, Huang Y, Weng Y. pH-Responsive polymer boosts cytosolic siRNA release for retinal neovascularization therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:781-794. [PMID: 38322342 PMCID: PMC10840400 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has a promising future in the treatment of ocular diseases due to its high efficiency, specificity, and low toxicity in inhibiting the expression of target genes and proteins. However, due to the unique anatomical structure of the eye and various barriers, delivering nucleic acids to the retina remains a significant challenge. In this study, we rationally design PACD, an A-B-C type non-viral vector copolymer composed of a hydrophilic PEG block (A), a siRNA binding block (B) and a pH-responsive block (C). PACDs can self-assemble into nanosized polymeric micelles that compact siRNAs into polyplexes through simple mixing. By evaluating its pH-responsive activity, gene silencing efficiency in retinal cells, intraocular distribution, and anti-angiogenesis therapy in a mouse model of hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, we demonstrate the efficiency and safety of PACD in delivering siRNA in the retina. We are surprised to discover that, the PACD/siRNA polyplexes exhibit remarkable intracellular endosomal escape efficiency, excellent gene silencing, and inhibit retinal angiogenesis. Our study provides design guidance for developing efficient nonviral ocular nucleic acid delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- School of Medical Technology, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunhui Li
- School of Medical Technology, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Changrong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xiaowen Cao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Medical Technology, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuhua Weng
- School of Medical Technology, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Cai Y, Tu H, Wu C, Liu T, Chen S, Shen L, Xiao Q, Zhao S, Xu S, Lin W, Yan P, Dong J. Therapeutic potential of elema-1,3,7(11),8-tetraen-8,12-lactam from Curcuma wenyujin on diabetic retinopathy via anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 318:116843. [PMID: 37414197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese medicine, the causes of diabetic retinopathy (DR) are blood stasis and heat. Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen & C. Ling and its extracts have the effects of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, clearing the heart, and cooling the blood, and have been used in the treatment of DR. Elema-1,3,7 (11),8-tetraen-8,12-lactam (Ele), an N-containing sesquiterpene isolated from this plant. However, the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of Ele and its therapeutic potential in DR are still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of Ele and its therapeutic potential in DR. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects were assessed using TNF-α or VEGF-stimulated HUVECs. Protein expression was analyzed using Western blotting. ICAM-1 and TNF-α mRNA expressions were analyzed using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The therapeutic potential in DR was assessed using both animal models of STZ-induced diabetes and oxygen-induced retinopathy. The retinal vascular permeability was measured using Evans blue, and the quantitation of retinal leukostasis using FITC-coupled Con A. The retinal neovascular tufts were analyzed using fluorescein angiography and counting pre-retinal vascular lumens. RESULTS Ele inhibited NF-κB pathway, and ICAM-1, TNF-α mRNA expression in TNF-α- stimulated HUVECs. It also inhibits the multistep process of angiogenesis by inhibiting the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and its downstream signaling kinases Src, Erk1/2, Akt, and mTOR in VEGF-stimulated HUVECs. Intravitreal injection of Ele can significantly reduce retinal microvascular leakage, leukostasis, and expression of ICAM-1, TNF-α in diabetic rats and inhibits oxygen-induced retinal neovascularization and VEGFR2 phosphorylation in OIR mice. CONCLUSIONS Ele has anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects through inhibiting NF-κB and VEGFR2 signaling pathways, and it may be a potential drug candidate for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cai
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Hongfeng Tu
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Cimei Wu
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Tong Liu
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Linlin Shen
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Qinwen Xiao
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Sumin Zhao
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Shaoying Xu
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Weiwei Lin
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Yan
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jianyong Dong
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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9
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Reilly GR, Xie Y, Scherer RW, Hawkins BS, Lanzkron SM, Scott AW. Terminology for Retinal Findings in Sickle Cell Disease Research: A Scoping Review. Ophthalmol Retina 2024; 8:81-87. [PMID: 37634744 PMCID: PMC10841206 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the current sickle cell disease (SCD) literature to assess how "retinopathy" has been defined and to identify ocular outcomes that have been measured and described. DESIGN A systematic scoping review of SCD literature was completed regarding ocular manifestations of SCD and vision outcomes across all medical specialties. SUBJECTS Participants with SCD and control patients were included in our data extraction. METHODS We reviewed English-language literature from 2000 to 2021 for eligible studies by searching PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and the Cochrane library using terms to encompass SCD and ocular findings. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Data collection included study information, patient characteristics, vision-related findings (inclusion criteria and/or study outcomes), and retinopathy characteristics (definition, when, how and by whom diagnosed). RESULTS We identified 4006 unique citations and 111 were included in the analysis. Ophthalmologists were senior authors of about half (59/111; 53.2%) of the articles; most articles were published between 2016 and 2021 (71/111; 70.0%). The studies had been conducted primarily in North America (54/111; 48.6%) or Europe (23/111; 20.7%); designs were cross-sectional (51/111; 45.9%), prospective cohort (28/111; 25.2%), retrospective cohort (27/111; 24.3%), and case-control (4/111; 3.6%). Among studies reporting any retinopathy, it was commonly defined as a combination of nonproliferative sickle cell retinopathy and proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (PSR; 52/87; 59.8%), infrequently as PSR only (6/87; 6.9%), or not defined at all (23/87; 26.4%). The Goldberg classification was used to grade retinopathy in almost half of the studies (41/87; 47.1%). Investigators reporting diagnostic methods used clinical fundus examination (56/111; 50.4%), OCT (24/111; 21.6%), fluorescein angiography (20/111; 18.0%), ultrawidefield fundus photographs (15/111; 13.5%), and OCT angiography (10/111; 9.0%), or did not report methods (28/111; 25.2%). CONCLUSIONS There are inconsistencies in documentation of methods and outcomes in studies of SCD ophthalmic findings. Particularly concerning is the lack of documentation of ophthalmic examination methods, qualifications of examiners, and clarity and specificity of sickle cell retinopathy definitions. With the increase in SCD treatment research and novel systemic therapies available, it is important to adopt clear and consistent descriptions and rigorous data collection and reporting of ophthalmic outcomes in SCD studies. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace R Reilly
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Retina Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yangyiran Xie
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Roberta W Scherer
- Retired, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Barbara S Hawkins
- Retina Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sophie M Lanzkron
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Adrienne W Scott
- Retina Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Xue R, Fan XL, Yang Q, Yu C, Lu TY, Wan GM. Protective effect of ethyl ferulate against hypoxic injury in retinal cells and retinal neovascularization in an oxygen-induced retinopathy model. Phytomedicine 2023; 121:155097. [PMID: 37778248 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological neovascularization is a major cause of visual impairment in hypoxia-induced retinopathy. Ethyl ferulate (EF), the natural ester derivative of ferulic acid commonly found in Ferula and Angelica Sinensis, has been shown to exert antioxidant, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether EF exerts a protective effect on retinal neovascularization and the underlying mechanisms are not well known. PURPOSE The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of EF on retinal neovascularization and explore its underlying molecular mechanisms. STUDY-DESIGN/METHODS We constructed hypoxia models induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl2) in ARPE-19 cells and Rhesus choroid-retinal vascular endothelial (RF/6A) cells in vitro, as well as a retinal neovascularization model in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice in vivo. RESULTS In this work, we demonstrated that EF treatment inhibited hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression in ARPE-19 cells and abrogated hypoxia-induced tube formation in RF/6A cells. As expected, intravitreal injection of EF significantly suppressed retinal neovascularization in a dose-dependent manner in OIR retinas. We also found that hypoxia increased VEGFA expression by blocking autophagic flux, whereas EF treatment enhanced autophagic flux, thereby reducing VEGFA expression. Furthermore, EF activated the sequestosome 1 (p62) / nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) pathway via upregulating oxidative stress-induced growth inhibitor 1 (OSGIN1) expression, thus alleviating oxidative stress and reducing VEGFA expression. CONCLUSION As a result of our findings, EF has an inhibitory effect on retinal neovascularization, implying a potential therapeutic strategy for hypoxia-induced retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xia-Lian Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Chuan Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Tai-Ying Lu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
| | - Guang-Ming Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
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11
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Hamada M, Hirai K, Wakabayashi T, Ishida Y, Fukushima M, Kamei M, Tsuboi K. Practical Utility of Widefield OCT Angiography to Detect Retinal Neovascularization in Eyes with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Ophthalmol Retina 2023:S2468-6530(23)00617-6. [PMID: 38008219 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the real clinical utility of widefield OCT angiography (WF-OCTA) for detecting retinal neovascularization (RNV) in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). DESIGN A retrospective cross sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Consecutive eyes clinically suspected of PDR by physicians at a tertiary eye center between March 2021 and November 2022. METHODS All eyes underwent ultrawidefield fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) (California, Optos) and WF-OCTA (S1, Canon) with a 23 × 20 mm scan area. Two independent graders detected individual RNV lesions using UWF-FA and used them as the ground truth. Widefield OCT angiography images were first evaluated to determine whether the images successfully illustrated retinal vasculature, regardless of the image quality index or the presence of vitreous hemorrhage. The graders then identified the RNV lesions with WF-OCTA. We detected RNV by utilizing both the entire retinal slab, including flow signals in the retina, and the custom vitreoretinal interface slab, defined as flow signals from 20 μm below the internal limiting membrane (ILM) to 2000 μm above the ILM. We evaluated the applicability to real clinical practice by not correcting segmentation errors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The success rate of imaging and the detection rate of RNV using WF-OCTA. RESULTS Initially, 69 consecutive patients who underwent UWF-FA were identified. Of these, 114 eyes from 57 (83%) patients underwent both UWF-FA and WF-OCTA. Of the 114 eyes, 108 (95%) produced gradable WF-OCTA images. Using UWF-FA, the graders identified 175 RNV lesions in 40 eyes. Widefield OCT angiography achieved a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 88% for detecting eyes with RNV. At the level of individual RNV lesions, graders detected 156 RNV lesions with WF-OCTA, with 118 of these confirmed by UWF-FA (true positive). Among the 57 false-negative lesions, the primary causes were being out of the scan range (26 lesions) and segmentation errors (21 lesions). CONCLUSIONS Widefield OCT angiography imaging had a high success rate, achieving a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 88% for detecting eyes with RNV in a real clinical setting. Despite a 67% detection rate for individual RNV lesions, WF-OCTA may serve as a valuable noninvasive method for RNV detection in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Hamada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kento Hirai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Taku Wakabayashi
- Wills Eye Hospital, Mid Atlantic Retina, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuichiro Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Masaki Fukushima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kamei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tsuboi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
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12
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Shao J, Gu W, Ye L, Xin Y. The hsa_circ_0004805/hsa_miR-149-5p/TGFB2 axis plays critical roles in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 576:112042. [PMID: 37567360 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the role of a recently identified hsa_circ_0004805/hsa_miR-149-5p/transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGFB2) axis in the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis suggested that hsa_circ_0004805 was highly expressed in aqueous humor samples of patients with DR, whereas hsa_miR-149-5p showed the opposite trend. Meanwhile, the results of a dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that hsa_miR-149-5p directly interacted with both hsa_circ_0004805 and TGFB2. Using a variety of assays (Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU-labeling, Transwell, flow cytometric, wound healing, tube formation assays), we found that the overexpression of hsa_circ_0004805 significantly downregulated the level of hsa_miR-149-5p and promoted DNA synthesis, proliferation, migration, and tube formation in human retinal microvascular epithelial cells (hRECs) cultivated in a high-glucose environment. In contrast, hsa_miR-149-5p mimics inhibited DNA synthesis, proliferation, migration, and tube formation in hRECs by reducing the expression of its downstream target TGFB2 as well as the levels of phosphorylated SMAD2; however, these effects were reversed by the overexpression of hsa_circ_0004805. In a streptozotocin-induced Sprague-Dawley rat model of DR, retinal vascular leakage, capillary decellularization, loss of pericytes, fibrosis, and gliosis were evident, which could be reversed by vitreous microinjection of rat miR-149-5p mimics (rno-miR-149-5p agomir). Combined, our findings indicated that, under hyperglycemia, the hsa_circ_0004805/hsa_miR-149-5p/TGFB2 axis plays a critical role in the retinal pathophysiology associated with the development of DR, and has potential as a therapeutic target in the treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wendong Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Ye
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Bio Manufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yu Xin
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Bio Manufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China.
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13
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Tang F, Huang K, Peng B, Deng W, Su N, Xu F, Zhang M, Zhong H. RhoA/ROCK Signaling Is Involved in Pathological Retinal Neovascularization. J Vasc Res 2023; 60:183-192. [PMID: 37660689 PMCID: PMC10614457 DOI: 10.1159/000533321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the RhoA/ROCK inhibitor Fasudil on retinal neovascularization (NV) in vivo and angiogenesis in vitro. METHODS C57BL/6 was used to establish an OIR model. First, RhoA/ROCK expression was first examined and compared between OIR and healthy controls. Then, we evaluated the effect of Fasudil on pathological retinal NV. Whole-mount retinal staining was performed. The percentage of NV area, the number of neovascular tufts (NVT), and branch points (BP) were quantified. Finally, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to investigate the effect of Fasudil on angiogenesis. RESULTS Real-time PCR and Western blotting showed that ROCK expression in retinal tissue was statistically upregulated in OIR. Furthermore, we found that Fasudil attenuated the percentage of NV area, the number of NVT, and BP significantly. In addition, Fasudil could suppress the proliferation and migration of HUVECs induced by VEGF. CONCLUSIONS RhoA/ROCK might be involved in the pathogenesis of OIR. And its inhibitor Fasudil could suppress retinal NV in vivo and angiogenesis in vitro. Fasudil may be a potential treatment strategy for retinal vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health and Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology and Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Kongqian Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health and Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology and Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Biyan Peng
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health and Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology and Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Ning Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health and Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology and Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health and Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology and Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health and Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology and Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Haibin Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health and Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology and Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
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14
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Yang N, Zhang N, Wang Z, Cao W, He X, Zhang W, Xing Y. Galectin-1-dependent ceRNA network in HRMECs revealed its association with retinal neovascularization. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:327. [PMID: 37322431 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks play vital roles in angiogenesis. The RNA-binding protein galectin-1 (Gal-1) participates in pathological RNV in oxygen-induced retinopathy mouse models. However, the molecular associations between Gal-1 and lncRNAs remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to explore the potential mechanism of action of Gal-1 as an RNA-binding protein. RESULTS A comprehensive network of Gal-1, ceRNAs, and neovascularization-related genes was constructed based on transcriptome chip data and bioinformatics analysis of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs). We also conducted functional enrichment and pathway enrichment analyses. Fourteen lncRNAs, twenty-nine miRNAs, and eleven differentially expressed angiogenic genes were included in the Gal-1/ceRNA network. Additionally, the expression of six lncRNAs and eleven differentially expressed angiogenic genes were validated by qPCR in HRMECs with or without siLGALS1. Several hub genes, such as NRIR, ZFPM2-AS1, LINC0121, apelin, claudin-5, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10, were found to potentially interact with Gal-1 via the ceRNA axis. Furthermore, Gal-1 may be involved in regulating biological processes related to chemotaxis, chemokine-mediated signaling, the immune response, and the inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS The Gal-1/ceRNA axis identified in this study may play a vital role in RNV. This study provides a foundation for the continued exploration of therapeutic targets and biomarkers associated with RNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Ningzhi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Wenye Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Xuejun He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Wenxi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Yiqiao Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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15
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Cao W, Zhang N, He X, Xing Y, Yang N. Long non-coding RNAs in retinal neovascularization: current research and future directions. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:615-626. [PMID: 36171459 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05843-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is an intractable pathological hallmark of numerous ocular blinding diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, and retinopathy of prematurity. However, current therapeutic methods have potential side effects and limited efficacy. Thus, further studies on the pathogenesis of RNV-related disorders and novel therapeutic targets are critically required. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have various functions and participate in almost all biological processes in living cells, such as translation, transcription, signal transduction, and cell cycle control. In addition, recent research has demonstrated critical modulatory roles of various lncRNAs in RNV. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the expression and regulatory functions of lncRNAs related to the progression of pathological RNV. METHODS We searched databases such as PubMed and Web of Science to gather and review information from the published literature. CONCLUSIONS In general, lncRNA MEG3 attenuates RNV, thus protecting the retina from excessive and dysregulated angiogenesis under high glucose stress. In contrast, lncRNAs MALAT1, MIAT, ANRIL, HOTAIR, HOTTIP, and SNHG16, have been identified as causative molecules in the pathological progression of RNV. Comprehensive and in-depth studies of the roles of lncRNAs in RNV indicate that targeting lncRNAs may be an alternative therapeutic approach in the near future, enabling new options for attenuating RNV progression and treating RNV-related retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenye Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Ningzhi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Xuejun He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yiqiao Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road #238, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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Hirano T, Hoshiyama K, Takahashi Y, Murata T. Wide-field swept-source OCT angiography (23 × 20 mm) for detecting retinal neovascularization in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:339-344. [PMID: 36303061 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Xephilio OCT-S1 can capture single-acquisition 23 × 20-mm wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) images and high-resolution images using artificial intelligence. We aimed to evaluate the ability of wide-field SS-OCTA in the detection of retinal neovascularizations (NVs) in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). METHODS This retrospective study included 64 eyes of 36 patients (age, 57 ± 10 years; 10 female, 26 male) with PDR. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination, including fluorescein angiography (FA), as well as fovea- and disc-centered 23 × 20-mm OCTA imaging (A-scan/B-scan, 928/807). We compared and examined the number of NV sites identified using conventional methods (merging the findings from biomicroscopy/color fundus photography, FA) and the number of NV sites identified using vitreoretinal interface and superficial retinal slabs of wide-field SS-OCTA images, including the position of NVs (nasal upper, nasal lower, temporal upper, temporal lower, or disc). RESULTS We identified 168 NVs (32/40/45/35/16, in the abovementioned order) using the conventional method. Fovea-centered 23 × 20-mm OCTA images revealed 162 (96%) NVs (27/39/45/35/16). This method tended to miss nasal NV. In contrast, disc-centered 23 × 20-mm OCTA images identified nearly all NVs, detecting 166 (99%) NVs (32/40/44/34/16) in total. All NVs could be visualized using two wide-field OCTA images: fovea- and disc-centered. CONCLUSION Wide-field (23 × 20 mm) SS-OCTA-especially disc-centered-using Xephilio OCT-S1 identified nearly all NVs in eyes with PDR, with a single acquisition, thereby demonstrating its potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Hirano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsu-Moto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Ken Hoshiyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsu-Moto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsu-Moto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Toshinori Murata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsu-Moto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
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17
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Comastri L, Heredia M, Bar D, Iribarren G, Schlaen A. Ocular Syphilis with Retinal and Disc Neovascularization Treated with Bevacizumab: A Case Report. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2023; 14:267-273. [PMID: 37496594 PMCID: PMC10368100 DOI: 10.1159/000530876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the findings observed in a young woman with ocular syphilis complicated with retinal and disc neovascularization successfully treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. Fluorescein angiography revealed in both eyes intense hyperfluorescence at the level of the disc, multifocal venous wall staining, multifocal paravenous leakage, multiple peripheral saccular venular dilations, diffuse retinal and macular edema, and retinal and disc neovascularization. There was no evidence of retinal ischemia in both eyes. After antibiotic and corticosteroid treatment, the neovascularization persisted in both eyes. Three consecutive doses of intravitreal bevacizumab were administered, with total regression of the retinal and disc neovascularization. Disc and retinal neovascularization along with nonocclusive retinal vasculitis may be a form of presentation of ocular syphilis. Combination of specific treatment, oral corticosteroids, and intravitreal bevacizumab may be useful for treating this clinical manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Comastri
- Hospital Alemán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Milagros Heredia
- Hospital Alemán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital Universitario Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Bar
- Hospital Alemán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ariel Schlaen
- Hospital Universitario Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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18
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Wang JH, Lin FL, Chen J, Zhu L, Chuang YF, Tu L, Ma C, Ling D, Hewitt AW, Tseng CL, Shah MH, Bui BV, van Wijngaarden P, Dusting GJ, Wang PY, Liu GS. TAK1 blockade as a therapy for retinal neovascularization. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106617. [PMID: 36535572 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization, or pathological angiogenesis in the retina, is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries. Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) activated by TGF-β1 and other proinflammatory cytokines. TAK1 is also a key mediator of proinflammatory signals and plays an important role in maintaining vascular integrity upon proinflammatory cytokine stimulation such as TNFα. However, its role in pathological angiogenesis, particularly in retinal neovascularization, remains unclear. Here, we investigate the regulatory role of TAK1 in human endothelial cells responding to inflammatory stimuli and in a rat model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) featured retinal neovascularization. Using TAK1 knockout human endothelial cells that subjected to inflammatory stimuli, transcriptome analysis revealed that TAK1 is required for activation of NFκB signaling and mediates its downstream gene expression related to endothelial activation and angiogenesis. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 by 5Z-7-oxozeaenol attenuated angiogenic activities of endothelial cells. Transcriptome analysis also revealed enrichment of TAK1-mediated NFκB signaling pathway in the retina of OIR rats and retinal neovascular membrane from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Intravitreal injection of 5Z-7-oxozeaenol significantly reduced hypoxia-induced inflammation and microglial activation, thus attenuating aberrant retinal angiogenesis in OIR rats. Our data suggest that inhibition of TAK1 may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of retinal neovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hui Wang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Fan-Li Lin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jinying Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510603, China
| | - Linxin Zhu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Yu-Fan Chuang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Leilei Tu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510603, China
| | - Chenkai Ma
- Molecular Diagnostics Solutions, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia
| | - Damien Ling
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Ching-Li Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Manisha H Shah
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Bang V Bui
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Peter van Wijngaarden
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Gregory J Dusting
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Guei-Sheung Liu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan 410015, China.
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Teh RQ, Liu GS, Wang JH. Bioinformatics Tools for Bulk Gene Expression Deconvolution in Diabetic Retinopathy. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2678:107-115. [PMID: 37326707 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3255-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization is one of the leading causes of vision loss and a hallmark of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The immune system is observed to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The specific immune cell type that contributes to retinal neovascularization can be identified via a bioinformatics analysis of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, known as deconvolution analysis. Previous study has identified the infiltration of macrophages in the retina of rats with hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization and patients with PDR through a deconvolution algorithm, known as CIBERSORTx. Here, we describe the protocols of using CIBERSORTx to perform the deconvolution analysis and downstream analysis of RNA-seq data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Qi Teh
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Guei-Sheung Liu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jiang-Hui Wang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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20
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Chuang YF, Lin FL. Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy in the Rat: An Animal Model to Study the Proliferative Retinal Vascular Pathology. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2678:27-36. [PMID: 37326703 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3255-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of vision loss worldwide. There are numerous animal models available for developing new ocular therapeutics and drug screening and to investigate the pathological processes involved in DR. Among those animal models, the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model, though originally developed as a model for retinopathy of prematurity, has also been used to investigate angiogenesis in proliferative DR with the phenomenon of ischemic avascular zones and pre-retinal neovascularization it demonstrated. Briefly, neonatal rodents are exposed to hyperoxia to induce vaso-obliteration. Upon removal from hyperoxia, hypoxia develops in the retina that eventually results in neovascularization. The OIR model is mostly used in small rodents such as mice and rats. Here, we describe a detailed experimental protocol of rat OIR model and the subsequent assessment of abnormal vasculature. By illustrating the vasculoprotective and anti-angiogenic activities of the treatment, OIR model might advance to a new platform for investigating novel ocular therapeutic strategies for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Li Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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21
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Jung EE, Ameri H. Hypertension: A Cause of Bilateral Proliferative Retinopathy. J Curr Ophthalmol 2022; 34:478-482. [PMID: 37180527 PMCID: PMC10170981 DOI: 10.4103/joco.joco_87_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe the case of a 67-year-old female with proliferative retinopathy secondary to uncontrolled hypertension. Methods Retrospective case report including multimodal imaging. Results A 67-year-old female presented with mild vitreous hemorrhage, retinal hemorrhage, hard exudate of the left eye and hard exudate, copper wiring of vessels, and retinal hemorrhages in the right eye. Optical coherence tomography depicted macular edema of both eyes. Fluorescein angiography revealed large areas of peripheral retinal ischemia and neovascularization with multiple areas of vascular leakage in both eyes. Conclusions Proliferative hypertensive retinopathy has been rarely reported in the literature. Our patient exhibited findings consistent with proliferative retinopathy secondary to hypertensive retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E. Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hossein Ameri
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Address for correspondence: Hossein Ameri, USC Roski Eye Institute, 1450 San Pablo St., Los Angeles, California 90033, USA. E-mail:
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22
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Xu X, Lan X, Fu S, Zhang Q, Gui F, Jin Q, Xie L, Xiong Y. Dickkopf-1 exerts protective effects by inhibiting PANoptosis and retinal neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 617:69-76. [PMID: 35691117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a key reason for legal blindness worldwide. Currently, it is urgently necessary to determine the etiology and pathological molecular mechanism of DR to search for resultful therapies. Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is inhibitive for canonical Wnt signaling via negative feedback, and has been reported as a biomarker for DR. However, the related mechanisms are still unclear. In this work, our data showed that DKK1 was decreased in the vitreous tissues at an early stage of diabetes triggered by streptozotocin (STZ) injection in rats. We subsequently found that DKK1 intravitreal injection significantly ameliorated the physiological function of retina in STZ-challenged rats, accompanied by improved retinal structure. Surprisingly, our results indicated that DKK1 injection remarkably suppressed PANoptosis in retinal tissues of STZ-challenged rats with DR, as proved by ameliorated pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis, which were mainly through the blockage of cleaved Gasdermin-D (GSDMD), Caspase-3 and receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3). Additionally, Wnt signaling including the expression of Wnt, β-catenin and LDL receptor-related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) was also highly prohibited in retina of DKK1-injected rats with DR. Furthermore, retinal neovascularization and acellular vessel in DR rats were also considerably abolished after DKK1 injection, accompanied by reduced expression levels of retinal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9). More in vitro experiments showed that DKK1 treatment markedly repressed the proliferative and migratory ability of endothelial cells via inhibiting angiogenesis-related molecules. Together, all our results broaden the knowledge of the correlation between DKK1 and DR, and then provide a novel therapeutic strategy for the suppression of management of DR.
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23
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Zhang L, Zhang SS, Wang KF, Li YH, Xu HJ, Sun KX, Ma S, Leng HM, Chen SZ, Jia WJ, Zhu XJ, Li J. Overexpression of Twist1 in vascular endothelial cells promotes pathological retinal angiogenesis in mice. Zool Res 2022; 43:64-74. [PMID: 34845879 PMCID: PMC8743260 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal angiogenesis is a critical process for normal retinal function. However, uncontrolled angiogenesis can lead to pathological neovascularization (NV), which is closely related to most irreversible blindness-causing retinal diseases. Understanding the molecular basis behind pathological NV is important for the treatment of related diseases. Twist-related protein 1 (TWIST1) is a well-known transcription factor and principal inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in many human cancers. Our previous study showed that Twist1 expression is elevated in pathological retinal NV. To date, however, the role of TWIST1 in retinal pathological angiogenesis remains to be elucidated. To study the role of TWIST1 in pathological retinal NV and identify specific molecular targets for antagonizing pathological NV, we generated an inducible vascular endothelial cell (EC)-specific Twist1 transgenic mouse model ( Tg-Twist1 iEC+ ). Whole-mount retinas from Tg-Twist1 iEC+ mice showed retarded vascular progression and increased vascular density in the front end of the growing retinal vasculature, as well as aneurysm-like pathological retinal NV. Furthermore, overexpression of Twist1 in the ECs promoted cell proliferation but disturbed cell polarity, thus leading to uncontrolled retinal angiogenesis. TWIST1 promoted pathological NV by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and inducing the expression of NV formation-related genes, thereby acting as a 'valve' in the regulation of pathological angiogenesis. This study identified the critical role of TWIST1 in retinal pathological NV, thus providing a potential therapeutic target for pathological NV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Kai-Fang Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yi-Hui Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Hui-Juan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Kuan-Xiang Sun
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Shi Ma
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Hong-Mei Leng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Si-Zhu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Wen-Jing Jia
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian-Jun Zhu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China. E-mail:
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Zhang L, Wang X. Lowly expressed LNC01136 fails to aid HIF-1α to induce BTG2 expression resulting in increased proliferation of retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Microvasc Res 2022; 141:104315. [PMID: 35007537 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal neovascularization (RN), a major cause of blindness occurring in multiple types of ophthalmic diseases, is closely associated with hypoxic conditions. However, the underlying pathological mechanisms of RN have not been fully elucidated. BTG2 is anti-proliferative factor. The up-stream of BTG2 gene within 3000 bp expresses a long non-coding RNA, LNC01136. METHODS we initially compared the expression of BTG2 and LNC01136 in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) with other eye-associated cells, including Muller cells, ARPE19 cells and RGC-5, in response to a hypoxia mimetic agent (CoCl2). FISH and PCR tests were performed to determine the enrichment of LNC01136 in different cellular components. LNC01136 were overexpressed or knockdown to determine the effect on BTG2 expression. Finally, ChIP, RIP and Co-IP assays were performed to determine the interaction among BTG2, HIF-1α, LNC01136 and CNOT7. RESULTS After the treatment with CoCl2, expression levels of BTG2 and LNC01136 were strongly induced in Muller cells, ARPE19 cells and RGC-5, but weakly in hRMECs. LNC01136 is prominently located in cell nucleus and aids HIF-1α to enhance transcription of BTG2, which consequently inhibits cell growth. The anti-proliferative effect of BTG2 is probably associated to the interaction with CNOT7 and the regulation of multiple cell cycle-related proteins. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that LNC01136 is a cell growth suppressor by recruiting HIF-1α to induce BTG2 expression. However the low expression of LNC01136 in hRMECs compared to other eye-associated cells promoted hRMECs' proliferation, which is probably a cause of RN under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410006, PR China
| | - Xilang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410006, PR China.
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25
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Luo Y, Yin J, Fang R, Liu J, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang M, Lei Z, Liang S, Cui W, Zhang Z, Wu K, Hui X. The tumour neovasculature-homing dimeric peptide GX1 demonstrates antiangiogenic activity in the retinal neovasculature. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 912:174574. [PMID: 34662566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Identification of molecules specific to the retinal neovasculature will promote antiangiogenic therapy with enhanced targeting ability. The specificity of phage-displayed peptide GX1 (a cyclic 7-mer peptide motif CGNSNPKSC) to gastric cancer neovasculature has been extensively confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. To investigate the potential application of GX1 in antiangiogenic therapy targeting retinal angiogenesis-related diseases, we performed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. GX1 demonstrated positive staining in the retinal neovasculature in an oxygen-induced mouse model of retinopathy (OIR) as well as in rat retinal microvasculature endothelial cells (RMECs), confirming the major role of the GX1 receptor during retinal angiogenesis. Dimeric GX1 was synthesized to increase the binding affinity to the GX1 receptor, and the antiangiogenic effects were examined in RMECs in vitro and the retinal neovasculature in the OIR in vivo. Cell proliferation was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, revealing that compared with the GX1 monomer, dimeric GX1 significantly inhibited RMEC proliferation (P < 0.05). This finding may be attributed to the enhanced (P < 0.05) apoptosis induced by dimeric GX1 in RMECs based on results obtained from TUNEL, flow cytometric and cell cycle analyses. In RMECs, in vitro cell migration and tube formation were significantly inhibited following exposure to dimeric GX1. Intravitreal administration of dimeric GX1 resulted in a greater reduction in the retinal neovascularization in vivo than administration of the GX1 monomer (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dimeric GX1 showed greater inhibition of angiogenesis than monomeric GX1 and could be a promising agent for antiangiogenic therapy in retinal angiogenesis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Luo
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jipeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rutang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated No. 986 Hospital of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jingtao Liu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710061, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated No. 986 Hospital of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Haiping Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhijie Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shuhui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Xiaoli Hui
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Li R, Yao G, Zhou L, Zhang M, Yan J, Wang X, Li Y. Autophagy is required for the promoting effect of angiogenic factor with G patch domain and forkhead-associated domain 1 (AGGF1) in retinal angiogenesis. Microvasc Res 2021; 138:104230. [PMID: 34339727 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of angiogenic factor with G patch domain and forkhead-associated domain 1 (AGGF1) on retinal angiogenesis in ischemic retinopathy and its association with autophagy. METHODS RF/6A cells were divided into the control group, hypoxia group and high-glucose group, and the expression of AGGF1 in cells was detected. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the control group, oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) group and diabetic retinopathy (DR) group, and AGGF1 expression in the retina was observed. RF/6A cells were then divided into the control group and different AGGF1 concentration groups, and the expression of autophagy marker, LC3 was detected. Then, RF/6A cells were divided into the control group, AGGF1 group, 3-methyladenine (3-MA, an early autophagy inhibitor) + AGGF1 group and chloroquine (CQ, a late autophagy inhibitor) + AGGF1 group, and the expression of autophagy markers, LC3 and p62, autophagic flux, as well as was key signaling pathway proteins in autophagy, PI3K, AKT, and mTOR was detected. Finally, the cell proliferation, migration and tube formation were detected in the four groups. RESULTS AGGF1 expression in RF/6A cells and in the retinas of OIR and DR mouse model was found to be increased in the state of hypoxic and high glucose condition. AGGF1 treatment led to increased expressions of LC3 and decreased p62; therby induced autophagic flux, and the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and mTOR was down-regulated in RF/6A cells. When autophagy was inhibited by 3-MA or CQ, confirmed by corresponding changes of these indicators of autophagy, cellular proliferation, migration and tube formation of RF/6A cells were weakened by AGGF1 treatment when compared with that of AGGF1 treatment alone. CONCLUSION This study experimentally revealed that AGGF1 activates autophagy to promote angiogenesis for ischemic retinopathy and inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may be involved in the activation of autophagy by AGGF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, No.48 West Fenghao Road, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Guomin Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, No.48 West Fenghao Road, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingxiao Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, No.48 West Fenghao Road, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, No.48 West Fenghao Road, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Yan
- College of Medical Technology of Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, No.48 West Fenghao Road, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, No.48 West Fenghao Road, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
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27
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Sadeghian R, Shahidi S, Komaki A, Habibi P, Ahmadiasl N, Yousefi H, Daghigh F. Synergism effect of swimming exercise and genistein on the inflammation, oxidative stress, and VEGF expression in the retina of diabetic-ovariectomized rats. Life Sci 2021; 284:119931. [PMID: 34480934 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Retinal neovascularization is one of the visual disorders during the postmenopausal period or types two diabetes. Physical activities and also phytoestrogens with powerful antioxidant features have been widely considered to improve nervous system diseases. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of genistein, swimming exercise, and their co-treatment on retina angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in diabetic-ovariectomized rats. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 8 per group): sham, ovariectomized group (OVX), OVX + diabetes (OVX.D), OVX.D+ genistein (1 mg/kg, eight weeks; daily SC), OVX.D + exercise (eight weeks), and OVX.D+ genistein+exercise (eight weeks). At the end of 8 weeks, the retina was removed under anesthesia. The assessed effects of treatment were by measuring MiR-146a and miR-132 expression via RT-PCR, the protein levels of ERK, MMP-2, VEGF, and NF-κB via western blotting, inflammation, and oxidative stress markers levels via the Eliza. KEY FINDINGS The results showed miR-132, miR-146b, and MMP-2, NF-κB, ERK, VEGF, TNF-α, IL-1β proteins, and MDA factor in the OVX.D group were increased, but glutathione (GSH) was decreased in comparison with the sham and OVX groups. Both exercise and genistein treatment has reversed the disorder caused by diabetes. However, the combination of exercise and genistein was more effective than each treatment alone. SIGNIFICANCE It can be concluded that the interaction of exercise and genistein on microRNAs and their target protein was affected in the inflammation, stress oxidative, and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase pathways, can leading to a decrease in impairment of retinal neovascularization of the ovariectomized diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reihaneh Sadeghian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Siamak Shahidi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Parisa Habibi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Nasser Ahmadiasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Yousefi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
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Vaz-Pereira S, Morais-Sarmento T, De Salvo G. Sensitivity and specificity of MultiColor imaging in detecting proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Int Ophthalmol 2021. [PMID: 34698967 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-02062-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the accuracy of MultiColor imaging (MC) compared to fluorescein angiography (FA) in detecting proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and associated diabetic retinopathy features. METHODS Fifty-nine eyes from 38 PDR patients were included. MC images were reviewed by 2 independent masked graders. A qualitative analysis based on the following features was performed: neovascular complexes (NVC), disc neovascularization (NVD), neovascularization elsewhere (NVE), microaneurysm (MA), intraretinal hemorrhage (IRH), vitreous hemorrhage (VH), preretinal hemorrhage (PRH), fibrosis, hard exudates (HE), epiretinal membrane (ERM), diabetic macular edema (DME), ischemia and laser spots (LS). Measures of diagnostic accuracy compared to FA were determined. RESULTS The sensitivity for the detection of NVC using MC was 95.1%, with a specificity of 40.0%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 92.9% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 50.0%. Sensitivity and specificity were higher in detecting NVD (88.9% and 76.9%) while NVE registered higher PPV (88.9%). MC was highly sensitive in detecting IRH, HE, ERM and LS (100%), MA (98.0%) and fibrosis (95.5%). Highest specificity was found for VH (100.0%), DME (100.0%), PRH (98.1%) and LS (89.5%). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic analysis of MC was excellent in NVD (0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71-0.95, p < 0.001), IRH (0.89, 95% CI 0.74-1.00, p < 0.001), VH (0.81, 95% CI 0.60-1.00, p = 0.005) and PRH (0.89, 95% CI 0.68-1.00, p = 0.004) and outstanding in LS detection (0.95, 95% CI 0.87-1.00, p < 0.001). These results are likely due to the contrast and quality of the MC since better discrimination is enabled by the green wavelength. CONCLUSION MC is useful in evaluation of PDR patients and can complement noninvasive imaging. MC detected some PDR features more accurately than FA such as NVD, IRH, VH, PRH, and LS.
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Zaguia F, Marchese A, Cicinelli MV, Miller VJ, Miserocchi E, Goldstein DA. Long-term success treating inflammatory epi retinal neovascularization with immunomodulatory therapy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 260:553-559. [PMID: 34499246 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to report the long-term outcomes of uveitis-associated optic disc and epiretinal neovascularization (NV) treated with immunomodulatory therapy alone. METHODS This is a retrospective, multi-center chart review conducted at Northwestern University (Chicago, IL) and San Raffaele Scientific Institute (Milan, Italy) from 2014 to 2021 of patients with optic disc and/or retinal neovascularization associated with uveitis. The data collected included age at the time of NV detection, gender, medications, and follow-up period. Imaging was reviewed if available. RESULTS Eight eyes of six patients were identified. The mean age was 22 years (range 10-52 years); the median follow-up was 3 years (range 6 months to 7 years). All eyes presented with active NV at the time of uveitis onset; 7 eyes were treatment-naïve. None had clinical or angiographic evidence of retinal ischemia. All patients received a variable combination of local steroids, systemic steroids, and systemic immunosuppression. Complete resolution of uveitic NV occurred in all eyes within a median of 8 weeks (ranging 2-20 weeks) from initiating treatment. No NV recurrence was noted. CONCLUSION Immunomodulatory therapy alone may be successful in achieving long-term control of uveitis-associated NV, without the use of destructive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Zaguia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Uveitis Service, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Ste 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Alessandro Marchese
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Cicinelli
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Victoria J Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Uveitis Service, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Ste 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | | | - Debra A Goldstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, Uveitis Service, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Ste 440, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Abu Sbeit RHS, Mohammed OA, Alamlih LI. Hypertension as an Unusual Cause of Proliferative Retinopathy: Case Report and Literature Review. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2021; 12:594-602. [PMID: 34326759 PMCID: PMC8299402 DOI: 10.1159/000515284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant hypertensive retinopathy is associated with characteristic fundus findings that typically do not include proliferative retinal vascular changes. We present the case of a 34-year-old patient who had bilateral decreased vision and was found to have malignant hypertension with hypertensive retinopathy changes along with unforeseen bilateral neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage. Detailed history and extensive systemic and ophthalmic workup failed to reveal an alternative explanation for her proliferative retinopathy. Blood pressure control and panretinal photocoagulation halted further deterioration. Malignant hypertensive retinopathy can rarely cause profound retinal ischemia leading to retinal neovascularization. This case further supports the presence of "proliferative hypertensive retinopathy" that needs to be identified and addressed urgently through collaboration between internists and ophthalmologists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laith Ishaq Alamlih
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Chaves-Samaniego MJ, Chaves-Samaniego MC, Muñoz Hoyos A, García Serrano JL. New evidence on the protector effect of weight gain in retinopathy of prematurity. An Pediatr (Barc) 2021; 95:78-85. [PMID: 34172428 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is characterised by insufficient vascular development in the retina, and requires early treatment to avoid visual disability in severe cases. ROP is currently the second leading cause of preventable child blindness in the world. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was an observational, retrospective, case-control study including 233 preterm infants examined between 1999 and 2019. RESULTS Postnatal weight gain in the first 4 weeks of life, birth weight, gestational age, mechanical ventilation, transfusion, presence of sepsis, persistence of arterial ductus, necrotising enterocolitis, intraventricular haemorrhage, or periventricular leukomalacia were found to be significantly different between the ROP groups requiring and not requiring treatment. The mean postnatal weight gain in the ROP group not requiring treatment was 12.75 ± 5.99 g/day, whereas it was 9.50 ± 5.45 g/day in the ROP group requiring treatment. The risk of developing ROP that required treatment decreased with an increase in weight gain. The risk reduction was 2.76%-8.35% in preterm infants gaining 10 g/day, and 7.17%-12.76% in infants gaining 20 g/day. CONCLUSIONS The risk of developing ROP requiring treatment decreased with increasing weight gain in the first 4 weeks of life. This was applicable in infants with postnatal weight gain ≥14 g/day. However, gestational age, birth weight, time of mechanical ventilation, and comorbidity should be taken into account when evaluating the risk of ROP requiring treatment.
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Wang Y, Gao S, Gao S, Li N, Xie B, Shen X. Blocking the interaction between interleukin-17A and endoplasmic reticulum stress in macrophage attenuates retinal neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:82. [PMID: 33933165 PMCID: PMC8088655 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00593-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neovascularization is a leading cause of visual loss typically associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress both have been demonstrated to play a proangiogenic role in ischemic retinopathies. However, the relationship between IL-17A and ER stress in retinal neovascularization (RNV) under hypoxic conditions and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS In this study, oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice model was established and intravitreal injections were conducted. Changes of IL-17A and ER stress markers in retinas and cultured primary bone marrow derived macrophage (BMDM) under normoxic or hypoxic conditions were detected. Western blotting, Real-Time RT-PCR, Immunofluorescence assays were conducted to explore the roles and relationship of IL-17A and ER stress in RNV, as well as its underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Compared to that in normal controls, IL-17A and ER stress markers were all remarkably increased under hypoxic conditions both in vivo and in vitro. Neutralization or knock out of IL-17A decreased ER stress. ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), attenuated the production of IL-17A, suggesting a positive feedback loop between IL-17A and ER stress. Inhibition of IL-17A or ER stress decreased areas of nonperfusion and neovascularization in OIR retinas. As TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway activation has been demonstrated to be involved in increased retinal vascular permeability of ischemic retinopathy, we observed that TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway mediated in the interaction between IL-17A and ER stress under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION The interplay between IL-17A and ER stress contributes to RNV in macrophages via modulation of TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway under hypoxic conditions. The feedback loops may become an innovative and multiple pharmacological therapeutic target for ischemic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya'nuo Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Sha Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Huvard MJ, Pecen PE, Palestine AG. The Clinical Characteristics of Noninfectious Occlusive Retinal Vasculitis. Ophthalmol Retina 2021; 6:43-48. [PMID: 33901715 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize the clinical features of occlusive retinal vasculitis (ORV). DESIGN Retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS Forty-two patients with ORV. METHODS A retrospective chart review identified all patients with ORV seen at the University of Colorado uveitis service between January 2013 and April 2020. All included patients demonstrated noninfectious uveitis and evidence of vascular occlusion in the presence of retinal vascular inflammation on widefield fluorescein angiography. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Demographic data, visual acuity, clinical findings, and fluorescein angiography findings. RESULTS We identified 73 eyes from 42 patients (15 men, 27 women) with ORV. Thirty-one of 42 patients had bilateral disease. Most eyes (54/73) showed mixed arteriolar and venous vasculitis compared with primarily arteriolar (6/73) or venous (15/73) vasculitis. Thirteen of 42 patients had an underlying systemic condition, most commonly granulomatosis with polyangiitis; however, bilaterality was not associated with a systemic condition. Retinal nonperfusion was present equally in zone 2 (28/73) and zone 3 (28/73) compared with zone 1 (16/73). Retinal or iris neovascularization was present in 25 of 73 eyes. Eighteen of 42 patients required more than 1 immunosuppressive medication (average, 1.33) to prevent progressive vascular occlusive disease. CONCLUSIONS Occlusive retinal vasculitis is a heterogeneous entity with significant risk of visual impairment. Systemic disease was more prevalent in this specific cohort compared with cohorts from prior studies of retinal vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Huvard
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paula E Pecen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Alan G Palestine
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
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Yu Y, Qin Y, Fu J, Li Y, Zhang W, Zhu T, Jiang L, Wang X, Paulus YM. Long-term multimodal imaging characterization of persistent retinal neovascularization using DL-alpha-aminoadipic acid in pigmented and white rabbits. Exp Eye Res 2021; 207:108577. [PMID: 33864785 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intravitreal (IVT) injection of DL-alpha-aminoadipic acid (AAA) is a new animal model for retinal neovascularization (RNV) reported in rabbits. This study performs longitudinal multimodal imaging for up to 1 year to evaluate DL-AAA RNV in both New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits and Dutch-Belted pigmented (DBP) rabbits. METHOD Detailed characterization and quantification of this model were performed in these two strains in 32 eyes by optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography (FA) for up to 16 weeks following DL-AAA administration in 32 eyes and up to 52 weeks in 5 eyes. H & E histology was also performed in these two strains 8 weeks after injection of DL-AAA. RESULT RNV was successfully generated using 50 μL 80 mM DL-AAA solution for DBP rabbits and 80 μL 80 mM DL-AAA for NZW rabbits. The incidence of persistent vascular leakage is 100% (15/15) for DBP rabbits and 70.6% (12/17) for NZW rabbits at 16 weeks. Complications with NZW rabbits ultimately decreased the efficiency in NZW rabbits to 58.8% (10/17) of NZW rabbits getting persistent (to 16 weeks) vascular leakage without ocular complications as compared with 100% (15/15) in DBP rabbits. Five eyes (2 DBP and 3 NZW) were selected from those demonstrating RNV at 16 weeks and were monitored for up to 52 weeks. All 5 demonstrated persistent RNV to 52 weeks. Quantification of the mean leakage area (MLA) in DBP rabbits is more accurate than in NZW rabbits since the reduced contrast between the leakage and background in NZW rabbits makes it more challenging to quantify. CONCLUSION DL-AAA can induce persistent and quantifiable RNV in both DBP and NZW rabbits. DBP rabbits have a higher success rate, lower required volume of DL-AAA, and more accurate method for quantification that could be more desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Julia Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanxiu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tianye Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Longtan Jiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yannis M Paulus
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Zhang Z, Song C, Wang T, Sun L, Qin L, Ju J. miR-139-5p promotes neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy by regulating the phosphatase and tensin homolog. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:205-218. [PMID: 33609236 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pathological retinal neovascularization is a driver of the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The present study sought to identify the microRNAs (miRNAs) that are differentially expressed during the progression of DR as well as to explore the specific regulatory mechanism of those miRNAs in retinal neovascularization. Using a microarray data set and a diabetic mouse model, it was determined that miR-139-5p was significantly upregulated during the progression of DR. The in vitro investigation revealed an elevation in the miR-139-5p level in both the high glucose (HG)-treated mouse retinal microvascular endothelial cells (mRMECs) and the HG-treated human RMECs (hRMECs). The miR-139-5p overexpression elevated cell migration, facilitated tube formation, and increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein level in the hRMECs. While the angiogenic effect of miR-139-5p overexpression was halted by an anti-VEGF antibody. Meanwhile, the miR-139-5p knockdown eliminated the VEGF-induced cell migration and tube formation in the hRMECs. The phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was the target gene of the miR-139-5p. PTEN overexpression removed the angiogenic effect of miR-139-5p overexpression, which led to reduced cell migration and tube formation. In the diabetic mice, the miR-139-5p antagomir effectively decreased the acellular capillaries and suppressed the formation of aberrant blood vessels in the retinal tissues. Taken together, miR-139-5p promotes retinal neovascularization by repressing PTEN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Caiping Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Jianghua Ju
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, 266035, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Chen J, Lin FL, Leung JYK, Tu L, Wang JH, Chuang YF, Li F, Shen HH, Dusting GJ, Wong VHY, Lisowski L, Hewitt AW, Bui BV, Zhong J, Liu GS. A drug-tunable Flt23k gene therapy for controlled intervention in retinal neovascularization. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:97-110. [PMID: 32935224 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapies that chronically suppress vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represent a new approach for managing retinal vascular leakage and neovascularization. However, constitutive suppression of VEGF in the eye may have deleterious side effects. Here, we developed a novel strategy to introduce Flt23k, a decoy receptor that binds intracellular VEGF, fused to the destabilizing domain (DD) of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) into the retina. The expressed DHFR(DD)-Flt23k fusion protein is degraded unless "switched on" by administering a stabilizer; in this case, the antibiotic trimethoprim (TMP). Cells transfected with the DHFR(DD)-Flt23k construct expressed the fusion protein at levels correlated with the TMP dose. Stabilization of the DHFR(DD)-Flt23k fusion protein by TMP was able to inhibit intracellular VEGF in hypoxic cells. Intravitreal injection of self-complementary adeno-associated viral vector (scAAV)-DHFR(DD)-Flt23k and subsequent administration of TMP resulted in tunable suppression of ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization in a rat model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Hence, our study suggests a promising novel approach for the treatment of retinal neovascularization. Schematic diagram of the tunable system utilizing the DHFR(DD)-Flt23k approach to reduce VEGF secretion. a The schematic shows normal VEGF secretion. b Without the ligand TMP, the DHFR(DD)-Flt23k protein is destabilized and degraded by the proteasome. c In the presence of the ligand TMP, DHFR(DD)-Flt23k is stabilized and sequestered in the ER, thereby conditionally inhibiting VEGF. Green lines indicate the intracellular and extracellular distributions of VEGF. Blue lines indicate proteasomal degradation of the DHFR(DD)-Flt23k protein. Orange lines indicate the uptake of cell-permeable TMP. TMP, trimethoprim; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; ER, endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Fan-Li Lin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jacqueline Y K Leung
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Leilei Tu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang-Hui Wang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yu-Fan Chuang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Fan Li
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hsin-Hui Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Gregory J Dusting
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vickie H Y Wong
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Leszek Lisowski
- Translational Vectorology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Vector and Genome Engineering Facility, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, The Biological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Centre, Puławy, Poland
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bang V Bui
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jingxiang Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guei-Sheung Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Li J, Yu S, Lu X, Cui K, Tang X, Xu Y, Liang X. The phase changes of M1/M2 phenotype of microglia/macrophage following oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:183-192. [PMID: 33386422 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01427-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Microglia/macrophage activation is previously reported to be involved in various ocular diseases. However, the separate role of M1/M2 phenotype microglia/macrophage in the pathological process of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) remains unknown. In this research, we explored the role and regulatory mechanism of M1/M2 microglia/macrophage in OIR in C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated the time phase of M1/M2 shifting of microglia/macrophage during the natural process of OIR, which is very essential for further investigations. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6j pups were exposed to hyperoxia environment from postnatal 7(P7) to P12 then returned to normoxia. The mice were then euthanized, and the eyes were harvested at a series of time points for further investigation. The M1/M2 phenotype microglia/macrophage activity was presented by immunofluorescent staining and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The NF-κb-STAT3 signaling and IL-4-STAT6-PPAR-γ signaling pathway activity was examined by western blot analysis. RESULTS The microglia/macrophage were activated when the OIR model was set up after P12. The M1 microglia/macrophage activation was found in neovascularization (NV) tufts in both central and peripheral retina, which started from P12 when the mice were returned to normoxia environment and peaked at P17. During this period of time, the NF-κb-STAT3 signaling pathway was activated, resulting in the upregulated M1 phenotype microglia/macrophage polarization, along with the enhanced inflammatory cytokine expression including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β. Consequently, the NV tufts were observed from P12 and the volume continued to increase until P17. However, the M2 phenotype microglia/macrophage activity took over during the late phase of OIR started from P17. The IL-4-STAT6-PPAR-γ signaling activity was upregulated from P17 and peaked at P20, inducing M2 phenotype microglia polarization, which consequently led to the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and spontaneous regression of NV tufts. CONCLUSIONS Microglia/macrophage participate actively in the natural process of OIR in mice, and two phenotypes exert different functions. Treatment modulating microglia/macrophage polarize toward M2 phenotype might be a novel and promising method for ocular neovascular diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510030, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510030, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510030, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaixuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510030, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510030, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510030, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510030, Guangdong, China.
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Magliyah MS, Al-Fakhri AS, Al-Dhibi HA. Proliferative retinopathy as a feature of Vogt Koyanagi Harada Disease: a report of two cases. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:470. [PMID: 33261580 PMCID: PMC7706217 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proliferative retinopathy is an uncommon feature of Vogt Koyanagi Harada (VKH) disease which might indicate poor uveitis control in these patients. We aim to describe the clinical features and outcome of management of proliferative retinopathy in 2 patients with VKH. CASE PRESENTATION 19 and 33 years old females with VKH presented with unilateral proliferative retinopathy. Both patients had neovascularization of the optic disc (NVDs) and one patient had neovascularizations elsewhere (NVEs) and preretinal hemorrhage. Both patients had exudative retinal detachments (ERD). Systemic steroids and immunomodulatory agents were successfully used to control inflammation and achieve regression. One patient developed fibrous tissue formation at the disc area as well as an epiretinal membrane formation, for which she had pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling. Both patients had controlled inflammation with stable vision. CONCLUSIONS Proliferative retinopathy can present variably in VKH patients and indicates persistent inflammation which is incompletely controlled. Proper uveitis control is sufficient to achieve regression of retinal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa S Magliyah
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Al- Oruba Street, PO Box 7191, Riyadh, 11462, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulmajeed S Al-Fakhri
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Al- Oruba Street, PO Box 7191, Riyadh, 11462, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Al-Dhibi
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Al- Oruba Street, PO Box 7191, Riyadh, 11462, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Vaz-Pereira S, Monteiro-Grillo M, Engelbert M. Near-infrared reflectance imaging of neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Int J Retina Vitreous 2020; 6:59. [PMID: 33292751 PMCID: PMC7682524 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-020-00263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blood is one of the main absorbers in the near-infrared spectrum and thus retinal vessels appear dark in near-infrared reflectance (NIR) images. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is characterized by abnormal neovascularization which also absorbs light and appears dark against a lighter fundus background. We analyzed neovascularization in PDR using NIR imaging, by observing changes in the neovascular complexes (NVCs) contrast and reflectivity over time. Methods Retrospective case series of 20 eyes of 17 patients with PDR who underwent NIR imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT) using the Spectralis System. NVCs presence and activity was determined using clinical, tomographic and angiographic criteria. At baseline, all NVCs were qualitatively graded in the NIR image into 3 groups (absent, present and inactive and present and active) and their evolution over time was registered as progression, regression or same status. Results Twenty-seven NVCs were imaged, of which, 52% were neovascularization of the disc (NVD) and 48% were elsewhere (NVE). Consecutive NIR images were obtained from baseline to up to 5 time-points with a mean follow-up of 3.2 ± 1.7 years. All eyes underwent laser treatment and 30% had additional intravitreal therapy. Using NIR imaging, NVCs were classified at baseline as absent, present and inactive and present and active, respectively in 11, 4 and 85% of cases. NIR identified active neovascularization as hyporeflective irregular dark vessels originating from the retinal venules in NVE or from the disc in NVD. In all groups during follow-up, progression was identified as the development of new vascular hyporeflective dark fronds while regression was shown by reduced dark perfusion. Five eyes developed a wolf’s jaw configuration with vascular hyporeflective new vessels and hyperreflective tissue from extensive fibrosis. Fibrosis was more apparent in later images, reaching 86%. In 3 cases (11%), the NVC was no longer seen in NIR, although was still identifiable on OCT over the NVC area. Conclusions NIR is a non-invasive imaging modality commonly performed alongside OCT and frequently overlooked which can be useful to evaluate NVCs in PDR. Changes in NVC contrast and reflectivity due to blood perfusion can help in the detection and monitoring of diabetic proliferative disease and aid clinicians in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vaz-Pereira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, EPE - Hospital de Santa Maria, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisbon, Portugal. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Monteiro-Grillo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,ALM - Oftalmolaser, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael Engelbert
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY, USA.,LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Yao Y, Cai Y, Sui A, Yao Y, Su T, Zhu Y, Xie B, Shen X. Etanercept as a TNF-alpha inhibitor depresses experimental retinal neovascularization. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:661-71. [PMID: 33043386 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-020-04956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The formation of retinal neovascularization (RNV) is the primary pathological process underlying retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Previous studies have shown that inflammatory factors are related to the formation of RNV. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as an important factor in the inflammatory response, is involved in the regulation of RNV formation. However, the mechanism through which TNF-α inhibition reduces RNV formation is not fully clarified. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the effect of etanercept, an inhibitor of TNF-α, on RNV, and its possible mechanism. METHODS In vivo, an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model was used to determine the effect of etanercept on the formation of RNV by performing immunostaining. The effect of etanercept on tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), pro-angiogenic-related factors, and pro/anti-inflammatory factors in OIR mice was assessed by real-time PCR and Western blotting. In vitro, the effect of etanercept on TNF-α-induced human retinal microvascular endothelial cell tube formation was evaluated by tube formation assays, and the potential mechanism of etanercept was explored by Western blotting. RESULTS In vivo, etanercept reduced the area of RNV and decreased the expression of TRAF2 in the OIR mouse model. Etanercept also suppressed the expression of several pro-angiogenic factors and regulated the pro/anti-inflammatory factors. In vitro, etanercept reduced endothelial cell tube formation by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Etanercept can regulate pro/anti-inflammatory factors and reduce the expression of pro-angiogenic factors by inhibiting NF-κB phosphorylation, thereby reducing RNV formation.
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Wang Y, Wang X, Wang YX, Ma Y, Di Y. Effect and mechanism of the long noncoding RNA MALAT1 on retinal neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity. Life Sci 2020; 260:118299. [PMID: 32827542 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The most typical pathological manifestation of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is Retinal neovascularization (RNV). Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been reported to mediate angiogenesis. Our experiment aimed to research the effect and mechanism of the MALAT1 on RNV in ROP. MAIN METHODS C57 mice was used to establish oxygen-introduced retinopathy (OIR), and divided into control, hyperoxia, hyperoxia control siRNA, and hyperoxia MALAT1 siRNA groups. KEY FINDINGS It was shown that MALAT1 mRNA was high expressed in the retinas of OIR mice. Further studies revealed that after intravitreal injection of MALAT1 siRNA, the degree of retinopathy was significantly reduced compared with OIR group. In addition, the protein and mRNA expression levels of CCN1, AKT and VEGF were significantly decreased. This was accompanied by a decrease in inflammatory genes including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α compared with the hyperoxia control siRNA mice. SIGNIFICANCE The result suggested that MALAT1 may be involved in the process of RNV in ROP and MALAT1 siRNA may be a promising agent for the treatment of ROP by inhibiting RNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Yue-Xia Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Yu Di
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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Ai J, Ma J, Chen ZQ, Sun JH, Yao K. An Endostatin-lentivirus (ES-LV)-EPC gene therapy agent for suppression of neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy rat model. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:57. [PMID: 32727534 PMCID: PMC7392664 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00301-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of gene transfected endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has provided novel methods for tumor neovascularization therapy but not for ocular disease therapy. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of endostatin transfected EPCs in retinal neovascularization therapy. RESULTS Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed the high expression of endostatin in endostatin-lentivirus-EPCs. The neovascularization leakage area and the number of preretinal neovascular cell nuclei were significantly decreased in the endostatin-lentivirus and endostatin-lentivirus-EPC groups, and the effects of these two treatments on inhibiting retinal neovascularization were almost the same. These two groups also showed the greater retinal distribution of endostatin. Intravitreal injections of endostatin-lentivirus-EPCs inhibited retinal neovascularization, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD31 expression, and increased endostatin expression in vivo. Endostatin-lentivirus-EPCs targeted and prevented pathologic retinal neovascularization. CONCLUSIONS Gene-combined EPCs represent a potential new therapeutic agent for the treatment of neovascular eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ai
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Chen
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun-Hui Sun
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Interventional Treatment Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Wang Z, Liu A, Zhang H, Wang M, Tang Q, Huang Y, Wang L. Inhibition of retinal neovascularization by VEGF siRNA delivered via bioreducible lipid-like nanoparticles. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 258:2407-2418. [PMID: 32620992 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-020-04797-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previously, we have demonstrated the use of lipidoid (lipid-like) nanoparticles (e.g., "1-O16B") for gene delivery to live cells, as an alternative to viral vectors. Here, we encapsulate VEGF siRNA (siVEGF) in bioreducible lipidoid nanoparticles and examine whether these nanocomplexes can reduce intravitreal neovascularization in a rodent model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). METHODS Firstly, we constructed siVEGF-nanoparticles (NPs) and transfected human umbilical vein endothelial cells, which caused significantly reduced expression of VEGF, compared to exposure to siVEGF in solution. Secondly, we compared the effect of intravitreal siVEGF-NPs and an anti-VEGF drug (ranibizumab) on retinal vascular development and VEGF mRNA/protein expression in the retinas of a rat model of OIR. RESULTS Compared to a non-functional lipid vehicle control group, the level of VEGF mRNA and protein was significantly lower in the siVEGF-NP group (p < 0.01), but the level of VEGF mRNA was not significantly lower in the ranibizumab group. Anatomically, the number of retinal neovascular endothelial nuclei that had protruded through the internal limiting membrane and the number of areas of non-perfusion of the retina were both significantly lower in the siVEGF-NP group and the ranibizumab group than in the OIR group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that bioreducible lipidoid nanoparticles conveying VEGF siRNA can effectively inhibit retinal neovascularization in a rodent model of OIR, and reduce the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein. This novel treatment modality could have profound implications for treating retinal angiogenic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Seventh Medical center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Anqi Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Beijing, 100853, China.,The Chinese People's Liberation Army NO.32141, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- The 2nd Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250031, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qiao Tang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yifei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Vaz-Pereira S, Morais-Sarmento T, Esteves Marques R. Optical coherence tomography features of neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review. Int J Retina Vitreous 2020; 6:26. [PMID: 32612851 PMCID: PMC7322867 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-020-00230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness due to diabetic macular edema (DME) or complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging technique well established for DME but less used to assess neovascularization in PDR. Developments in OCT imaging and the introduction of OCT angiography (OCTA) have shown significant potential in PDR. Objectives To describe the tomographic features of PDR, namely of neovascularization, both of the optic disc (NVD) and elsewhere (NVE), intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA), retinal nonperfusion areas (NPA), status of the posterior vitreous, vitreoschisis and vitreous and subhyaloid/sub-ILM hemorrhages. Data sources Electronic database search on PubMed and EMBASE, last run on December 19th 2019. Study eligibility criteria, participants and interventions Publications assessing OCT and/or OCTA findings in PDR patients. All study designs were allowed except for case-reports, conference proceedings and letters. Study appraisal Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for observational studies was used for purposes of risk of bias assessment. Results From the 1300 studies identified, 283 proceeded to full-text assessment and 60 were included in this comprehensive review. OCT was useful in detecting NVD and NVE, such as in characterizing disease activity and response to laser and/or anti-VEGF therapies. The absence of posterior vitreous detachment seemed determinant for neovascular growth, with the posterior hyaloid acting as a scaffold. OCTA allowed a more detailed characterization of the neovascular complexes, associated NPA and disease activity, allowing the quantification of neovessel area and flow index. However, changes in OCTA blood flow signal following local therapies did not necessarily correlate with structural regression. Widefield and ultra-widefield OCTA were highly sensitive in the detection of PDR, adding value to disease staging and monitoring. Compared to fluorescein angiography, OCTA was more sensitive in detecting microvascular changes indicating disease progression. Limitations Publication languages were restricted. Most included studies were observational and non-comparative. Risk of bias regarding case representativeness. Conclusions OCT-based retinal imaging technologies are advancing rapidly and the trend is to be noninvasive and wide-field. OCT has proven invaluable in diagnosing, staging and management of proliferative diabetic disease with daily application in clinical and surgical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vaz-Pereira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, EPE-Hospital de Santa Maria, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Morais-Sarmento
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital do Espírito Santo de Évora EPE, Évora, Portugal
| | - Raquel Esteves Marques
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, EPE-Hospital de Santa Maria, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Araújo RS, Silva GA. PlGF silencing combined with PEDF overexpression: Modeling RPE secretion as potential therapy for retinal neovascularization. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4413-4425. [PMID: 32385771 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ocular neovascularization is a defining feature of several blinding diseases. We have previously described the effectiveness of long-term pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) expression in the retina of diabetic mice in ameliorating some diabetic retinopathy hallmarks. In this study, we aimed to investigate if the antiangiogenic potential of PEDF overexpression was enhanced in combination with placental growth factor (PlGF) silencing. Human RPE cells were transfected with a self-replicating episomal vector (pEPito) for PEDF overexpression and/or a siRNA targeting PlGF gene. Conditioned media from PEDF overexpression, from PlGF inhibition and from their combination thereof were used to culture human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and their proliferation rate, migration capacity, apoptosis and ability to form tube-like structures were analyzed in vitro. We here demonstrate that pEPito-driven PEDF overexpression in combination with PlGF silencing in RPE cells does not affect their viability and results in an enhanced antiangiogenic activity in vitro. We observed a significant decrease in the migration and proliferation of endothelial cells, and an increase in apoptosis induction as well as a significant inhibitory effect on tube formation. Our findings demonstrate that simultaneous PEDF overexpression and PlGF silencing strongly impairs angiogenesis compared with the single approaches, providing a rationale for combining these therapies as a new treatment for retinal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute S Araújo
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.,Bioengineering- Cell Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Program, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gabriela A Silva
- CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal. .,NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal neovascularization, which is characterized by the increased proliferation, migration, and tube formation of retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs), contributes to the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). MiR-409-5p has been reported to be upregulated in peripheral blood of DR patients and in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced RMECs. However, the role of miR-409-5p in retinal neovascularization of DR remains unelucidated. METHOD The expression of miR-409-5p was measured in retinal tissues of streptozocin-induced and db/db diabetic mice, in high glucose-induced mouse RMECs (mRMECs), and in vitreous fluid of proliferative DR patients. Antagomir of miR-409-5p was intravitreally injected into diabetic mice. Proliferation, migration, and tube formation were detected using cell counting kit-8 assay, transwell assay, and microscope observation, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the direct interaction between miR-409-5p and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα). RESULT MiR-409-5p was upregulated in retinal tissues of diabetic mice, in high glucose-induced mRMECs, and in vitreous fluid of proliferative DR patients. The knockdown of miR-409-5p attenuated retinal neovascularization in vivo. The overexpression of miR-409-5p promotes the proliferation, migration, and tube formation, and increased VEGF expression and secretion, while the knockdown of miR-409-5p suppressed the VEGF-induced retinal neovascularization in vitro. PPARα is a downstream target of miR-409-5p, and PPARα overexpression negated the promotion of miR-409-5p overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of mRMECs. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that miR-409-5p acted as a neovasculogenic factor in DR, and anti-miR-409-5p therapy may provide a novel strategy in treating DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Weihai Municipal Hospital , Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Wenwen Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Weihai Municipal Hospital , Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Jianghua Ju
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao) , Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Yao Y, Yao Y, Demetriades AM, Sui A, Su T, Zhu Y, Shen X, Xie B. Neutralization of Bombina variegata peptide 8 suppresses retinal neovascularization in two different murine models: The oxygen-induced retinopathy model and the rhodopsin promoter/VEGF transgenic mouse model. Exp Eye Res 2020; 193:107993. [PMID: 32147400 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.107993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bombina variegata 8 (Bv8), also known as prokineticin-2 (PK-2), is a potent pro-angiogenic factor. However, its role in retinal neovascularization (RNV) remains unknown. In this study, we explored the role of Bv8 in the pathogenesis of RNV. We found that the expression of Bv8 was significantly increased in two different models of retinal neovascularization: the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model and the rhodopsin promoter (rho)/VEGF transgenic mouse model. Neutralization of Bv8 by intravitreal injections of its antibody, not only inhibited retinal and subretinal neovascularization but also decreased the mRNA and protein levels of several pro-angiogenic factors. Our in vitro assay showed that recombinant human Bv8 (RhBv8) protein promoted human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) tube-formation, cell proliferation and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and receptor 2 (VEGFR2) expression. Our findings suggest that Bv8 could be used as a novel target for the treatment of RNV-related ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yixuan Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Anna M Demetriades
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Ailing Sui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yanji Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.
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Jiang F, Wang Y, Du S, Jin H, Han J. Rapamycin prevents retinal neovascularization by downregulation of cyclin D1 in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:44. [PMID: 32013948 PMCID: PMC6998223 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-1325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rapamycin (RAPA) is a potent angiogenic inhibitor and the aim of this study is to identify the inhibitory effect of RAPA on retinal neovascularization (RNV) in experimental oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Methods Forty-two 7-day-old C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into normoxia control group (14 mice), OIR group (14 mice), and rapamycin (RAPA) group. OIR model was induced in OIR and RAPA group. Vehicle and RAPA (2 mg/kg/d) was injected intraperitoneally daily from postnatal day 12 (P12) in OIR and RAPA groups, respectively. RNV was evaluated using fluorescence angiography and histopathology on P17. Non-perfused areas of retina were analyzed by Image-Pro plus 6.0 software. Retinal expression of cyclin D1 was detected both at mRNA and protein levels. Results RAPA treatment significantly decreased RNV, non-perfused areas and number of endothelial cell nuclei breaking through the internal limiting membrane (ILM) in OIR mice. Moreover, RAPA decreased activation of cyclin D1 in retina caused by OIR. Conclusion RAPA can inhibit RNV by downregulating the expression of cyclin D1, which indicates its therapeutic potential in treating RNV-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenyang Aier Eye Hospital, Shenyang City, China
| | - Shufang Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan City, China
| | - Heng Jin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jindong Han
- Department of Vitreous and Retina, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Wang Y, Chang T, Wu T, Xu W, Dou G, Wang Y, Guo C. M2 macrophages promote vasculogenesis during retinal neovascularization by regulating bone marrow-derived cells via SDF-1/VEGF. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 380:469-86. [PMID: 31989253 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages promote vasculogenesis during retinal neovascularization (RNV) by increasing the recruitment and differentiation of bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs). Different subtypes of macrophages (M1 and M2 macrophages) are associated with RNV. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of BMCs by different macrophage subtypes during RNV remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role and mechanism of action of different macrophage subtypes that regulate BMCs during the development of RNV. The retinal avascular area and neovascularization (NV) tuft area in M2 macrophage group in vivo were the largest compared to those in the control phosphate buffer saline (PBS), unpolarized-M0, and M1 macrophage groups. The number of recruited green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive BMCs and the degree of differentiation of BMCs into CD31-positive endothelial cells (ECs) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were higher in the M2 macrophage group than in the other groups. M2-conditional medium (M2-CM) affected the in vitro migration and activation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs, a subset of BMCs) more than M1-CM. The expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in M2 macrophages and BMSCs cultured with M2-CM was also higher than that in M1 macrophages and BMSCs cultured with M1-CM. Migration of BMSCs was reduced after inhibiting the SDF-1 signaling pathway. Our results indicate that M2 macrophages may express significantly higher levels of SDF-1 and VEGF than M1 macrophages, thus regulating the recruitment and differentiation of BMCs and further aggravating vasculogenesis during RNV.
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Luo M, Du H, Ding H, Dai R. Peripheral retinal neovascularization secondary to highly myopic superficial Retinoschisis: a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:25. [PMID: 31931752 PMCID: PMC6958631 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-1308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral Retinal neovascularization is well-described as a complication of X-linked retinoschisis, but less often observed in myopic and primary retinoschisis. We present a case of a myopic female who developed retinal microvascular abnormalities due to retinoschisis and subsequent vitreous hemorrhage which would cause severe visual damage without timely and proper treatment. Case presentation A 38-year-old highly myopic Chinese female complained of blurred vision in her right eye. Her best corrected visual acuitiy was 20/20 OU, and her refraction was − 9.00S OU. Dilated fundus examination revealed mild vitreous hemorrhage and abnormal vascular network nasal to the optic disc in her right eye. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)- angiography (OCTA) B-Scan showed superficial retinoschisis and well-depicted abnormal retinal microvascular network in inner retinal layer. Sectoral scatter laser photocoagulation was administered. Regression of most abnormal vessels was achieved in 1 month, but the patient experienced an unexpected episode of vitreous hemorrhage 3 months after the initial treatment, which was absorbed spontaneously in 2 weeks. Supplemental laser photocoagulation was applied and regular follow-up visit was suggested. Conclusion Superficial retinoschisis in pathological myopia can be a driver of retinal microvascular abnormalities, possibly neovascularization, an extremely rare but severe complication which can be vision-threatening without timely and proper intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Datong Coal Mine Group Hospital, Datong, 037003, Shanxi, China
| | - Rongping Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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