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Chou ST, Lin SH, Chen SC, Chen CM, Tseng YC. Comparison of the transverse cranial base dimension in different craniofacial skeletal relationships: A cone-beam computed tomography study. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:364-376. [PMID: 38303855 PMCID: PMC10829675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose In comparing the cranial base's size, most cephalometric studies focused on the length and angle in the anteroposterior direction. However, investigating the anterior, middle, and posterior cranial base's transverse dimensions is challenging. This study aimed to investigate the transverse dimensions of the cranial base in different craniofacial skeletal patterns and sexes using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods A total of 210 adults (105 males and 105 females), including three different skeletal relationships, were included in the study. The cranial base dimensions were measured on a three-dimensional image structure rendered by CBCT. Statistical methods included the Kappa statistic for analysis of consistency and reproducibility and the independent t-test for differences in cranial base dimensions between sexes. A general linear model (GLM) was used to compare the transverse size of the cranial base among skeletal Class I, II, and III groups. The Pearson correlation coefficient explored the correlation among the cranial base dimensions. Results The cranial base dimensions did not differ significantly between skeletal Class I, II, and III. The more prominent cranial base size was found in males than females, except for the crista galli length (CGL) and cribriform ethmoid plate width (CEPW). The cranial base dimensions did not differ significantly between different skeletal relationships. Most dimensions have significant correlations in the middle and the posterior cranial base. Conclusion The cranial base's transverse dimensions in Taiwanese adults show no significant differences between craniofacial skeletal relationships. In the middle and posterior cranial base, transverse measurements reveal significant sexual dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ting Chou
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsuan Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Tseng
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chou ST, Chen CM, Chen PH, Lin YC, Tseng YC. The left and right differences in sella turcica bridging between sex analyzed by cone-beam computed tomography. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:220-228. [PMID: 36643255 PMCID: PMC9831791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ting Chou
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Program of Dental Science, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Chen
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Program of Dental Science, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Program of Dental Science, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chun Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Tseng
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Program of Dental Science, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Orthodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Corresponding author. School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, San-Ming District, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Three-dimensional oropharyngeal airway changes after facemask therapy using low-dose computed tomography: a clinical trial with a retrospectively collected control group. Prog Orthod 2021; 22:50. [PMID: 34939164 PMCID: PMC8695404 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-021-00391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to evaluate the short-term oropharyngeal airway volumetric changes in growing Class III maxillary-deficient patients treated by facemask without expansion compared with untreated Class III controls, using low-dose computed tomography. Methods Eighteen maxillary-deficient children (9 boys, nine girls) with a mean age of 7.81 ± 0.84 years were treated with maxillary bonded bite block and facemask (FM). Pre- (T1) and post-treatment (T2) low-dose CT images were acquired. Sixteen untreated Class III patients with a mean age of 7.03 ± 0.56 years had previously two low-dose CT scans within a one year of follow-up. Volumetric and minimal cross-sectional area measurements were obtained to assess the oropharyngeal airway changes. Quantitative mean, minimum, and maximum displacement of superimposed 3D models were estimated from a point-based analysis. Paired-samples t-tests were used for the intragroup comparisons, and an independent samples t-test and the Mann–Whitney U tests were carried out for the intergroup comparisons. Results A statistically significant increase in the total and retropalatal volumes oropharyngeal airway volume were observed in the control group (302.23 ± 345.58 and 145.73 ± 189.22 mm3, respectively). In the FM group, statistically significant increases in the total and retropalatal volumes were observed (738.86 ± 1109.37 mm3 and 388.63 ± 491.44 mm3, respectively). However, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups, except for the maximum part analysis which was significantly greater in the FM group (p = 0.007). Conclusions FM therapy appeared to have no additional effects on the oropharyngeal airway other than those induced by growth.
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Ponce-Garcia C, Ruellas ACDO, Cevidanes LHS, Flores-Mir C, Carey JP, Lagravere-Vich M. Measurement error and reliability of three available 3D superimposition methods in growing patients. Head Face Med 2020; 16:1. [PMID: 31987041 PMCID: PMC6983972 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-020-0215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images can be superimposed, allowing three-dimensional (3D) evaluation of craniofacial growth/treatment effects. Limitations of 3D superimposition techniques are related to imaging quality, software/hardware performance, reference areas chosen, and landmark points/volumes identification errors. The aims of this research are to determine/compare the intra-rater reliability generated by three 3D superimposition methods using CBCT images, and compare the changes observed in treated cases by these methods. Methods Thirty-six growing individuals (11–14 years old) were selected from patients that received orthodontic treatment. Before and after treatment (average 24 months apart) CBCTs were analyzed using three superimposition methods. The superimposed scans with the two voxel-based methods were used to construct surface models and quantify differences using SlicerCMF software, while distances in the landmark-derived method were calculated using Excel. 3D linear measurements of the models superimposed with each method were then compared. Results Repeated measurements with each method separately presented good to excellent intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC ≥ 0.825). ICC values were the lowest when comparing the landmark-based method and both voxel-based methods. Moderate to excellent agreement was observed when comparing the voxel-based methods against each other. The landmark-based method generated the highest measurement error. Conclusions Findings indicate good to excellent intra-examiner reliability of the three 3D superimposition methods when assessed individually. However, when assessing reliability among the three methods, ICC demonstrated less powerful agreement. The measurements with two of the three methods (CMFreg/Slicer and Dolphin) showed similar mean differences; however, the accuracy of the results could not be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ponce-Garcia
- Division of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Antonio Carlos de Oliveira Ruellas
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Carlos Flores-Mir
- Division of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jason P Carey
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Manuel Lagravere-Vich
- Division of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Liberton DK, Verma P, Contratto A, Lee JS. Development and Validation of Novel Three-Dimensional Craniofacial Landmarks on Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scans. J Craniofac Surg 2019; 30:e611-e615. [PMID: 31478954 PMCID: PMC7500863 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans become increasingly common, it is vital to have reliable 3-dimensional (3D) landmarks for quantitative analysis of craniofacial skeletal morphology. While some studies have developed and used 3D landmarks, these landmark sets are generally small and derived primarily from previous 2-dimensional (2D) cephalometric landmarks. These derived landmarks lack information in parts of the skull such as the cranial base, which is an important feature for cranial growth and development. The authors see a real need for development and validation of 3D landmarks, particularly bilateral landmarks, across the skull for improved cephalometric analysis. The primary objective of this study is to develop and validate a set of 61 3D anatomical landmarks on the face, cranial base, mandible, and teeth for use in clinical and research studies involving CBCT imaging. Each landmark was placed 3 times by 3 separate trained observers on a set of 10 anonymized CBCT patient scans. Intra-rater and inter-rater estimates of consistency and agreement were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Measurement error was calculated per landmark and per X, Y, and Z landmark coordinate. The authors had high ICC estimates within rates, indicating high consistency, and high ICC estimates among raters, indicate good agreement across raters. Overall measurement error for each landmark and each X, Y, and Z coordinate was low. Our results confirm the accuracy of novel 3D landmarks including several on the cranial base that will serve researchers and clinicians for use in future studies involving 3D CBCT imaging and craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise K. Liberton
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Payal Verma
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Anthony Contratto
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Janice S. Lee
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Lim BD, Choi DS, Jang I, Cha BK. Application of the foramina of the trigeminal nerve as landmarks for analysis of craniofacial morphology. Korean J Orthod 2019; 49:326-337. [PMID: 31598489 PMCID: PMC6769262 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2019.49.5.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to develop new parameters based on the foramina of the trigeminal nerve and to compare them with the conventional cephalometric parameters in different facial skeletal types. Methods Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and cephalograms from 147 adult patients (57 males and 90 females; mean age, 26.1 years) were categorized as Class I (1° < ANB < 3°), Class II (ANB > 5°), and Class III (ANB < −1°). Seven foramina in the craniofacial area—foramen rotundum (Rot), foramen ovale (Ov), infraorbital foramen, greater palatine foramen, incisive foramen (IF), mandibular foramen (MDF), and mental foramen (MTF)—were identified in the CBCT images. Various linear, angular, and ratio parameters were compared between the groups by using the foramina, and the relationship between the new parameters and the conventional cephalometric parameters was assessed. Results The distances between the foramina in the cranial base did not differ among the three groups. However, the Rot-IF length was shorter in female Class III patients, while the Ov-MTF length, MDF-MTF length, and Ov-MDF length were shorter in Class II patients than in Class III patients of both sexes. The MDF-MTF/FH plane angle was larger in Class II patients than in Class III patients of both sexes. Most parameters showed moderate to high correlations, but the Ov-MDF-MTF angle showed a relatively low correlation with the gonial angle. Conclusions The foramina of the trigeminal nerve can be used to supplement assessments based on the conventional skeletal landmarks on CBCT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ba-Da Lim
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Dong-Soon Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Insan Jang
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Bong-Kuen Cha
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
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Lee H, Oh HS, Lagravère MO. Three-dimensional skeletal and dental patterns obtained from cone-beam computer tomography of patients diagnosed as malocclusion class I. Int Orthod 2019; 17:296-303. [PMID: 31010730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to locate the landmarks both in traditionally-used two-dimensional (2D) lateral cephalogram images and newly suggested landmarks in three-dimensional (3D) cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT) images to determine possible relationships between them and determine if they could be used to classify patients of malocclusion Class I. MATERIAL AND METHODS CBCT images from 30 patients with malocclusion Class I were selected from the university of Alberta Graduate Orthodontic Program database. The images were then reconstructed using the AVIZO® software platform to visualize and locate landmarks. There were a total of forty-two landmarks chosen for analysis, which included pre-existing landmarks used in 2D imaging as well as new landmarks suggested for 3D analysis. Descriptive statistics were also assessed using SPSS statistical package to determine any skeletal and dental relationships. RESULTS Descriptive statistics show that the linear and angular measurements used in 2D images did not correlate well with measurements in CBCT. The lowest standard deviation obtained was 0.04 for S-GoL/N-Me with a mean of 0.70mm. The highest standard deviation was 17.46 for FH-MPL with a mean of 41.53mm. CONCLUSION The traditional landmarks used for 2D analysis of malocclusion did not show specific skeletal or dental patterns for analysing and classifying 3D images as malocclusion Class I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamey Lee
- University of Alberta, Department of Dentistry, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Hee Soo Oh
- University of the Pacific, Department of Orthodontics, Stockton, California, USA
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Park J, Baumrind S, Curry S, Carlson SK, Boyd RL, Oh H. Reliability of 3D dental and skeletal landmarks on CBCT images. Angle Orthod 2019; 89:758-767. [PMID: 30883187 DOI: 10.2319/082018-612.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To quantify reliability of three-dimensional skeletal landmarks and a comprehensive set of dental landmarks in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to determine the shapes of envelope of error. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three judges located 31 skeletal landmarks and 60 dental landmarks on the pre- and posttreatment CBCT images of 22 patients. Landmark error was determined by calculating the distance of deviation of landmark locations around their average. Standard deviation and mean radial spherical error were calculated. Scatterplots were constructed to characterize envelope of error. RESULTS The midline landmarks of the cranial base were highly reliable. Bilateral skeletal landmarks tended to have larger error than midline landmarks. Among the nonconventional landmarks, fronto-zygomatic suture, condyle, and mental foramen showed relatively high reliability. However, foramen spinosum and temporal fossa showed larger errors. Gonion was the least reliable landmark. Most dental landmarks were located more reliably than skeletal landmarks. The highest reliability was found at incisal edges. Mesiobuccal cusp of first molars also showed high reliability. CONCLUSIONS There were differences in the size and shape of the distributions of errors of different landmarks. Most landmarks showed elongated envelopes. Bilateral structures tended to show greater errors than midline structures. Most dental landmarks were more reliable than skeletal landmarks.
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Rinaldi MRL, de Lima EM, de Menezes LM, Rizzatto SMD, Matje PRB, Ribeiro RVP. Eruption rates of lower second premolars at different development stages evaluated with cone-beam computed tomography. Angle Orthod 2016; 87:570-575. [PMID: 27684190 DOI: 10.2319/071116-548.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the eruption rates of lower second premolars (LPm2) at different developmental stages using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospectively, 31 individuals (9.77 ± 1.25 years) had their LPm2 scored according to the Demirjian method, and afterwards they were split into three groups according to developmental stage, as follows: D = complete-formed crowns; E = root length less than crown height; and F = root length greater than or equal to crown height. Linear distances from the LPm2 crown tip to the anatomical reference line (ARL) and to the occlusal plane line (OPL) were measured in paired CBCT scans (T1, T2), taken with an average interval of 8.6 months between them. Eruption rates (mm/y) were calculated and then compared between groups. RESULTS Eruption rates were greater for LPm2 at stage F than at stages D or E (P < .01) regardless of whether they were measured from the ARL (D = 2.84 mm/y; E = 2.55 mm/y; F = 5.38 mm/y) or from the OPL (D = 1.82 mm/y; E = 2.02 mm/y; F = 5.26 mm/y). Eruption rates evaluated from the ARL and the OPL had no statistically significant differences (P = .052), and a positive correlation (r = .79, P < .001) between them was observed. CONCLUSIONS LPm2 at Demirjian stage F showed greater eruption rates than at stages D or E, regardless of whether rates were measured from the ARL or the OPL. Faster eruption is expected for LPm2 at stage F. Evaluation of the LPm2's developmental stage using CBCT can aid in clinical decision making regarding the correct timing for intervention.
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Precision and accuracy of suggested maxillary and mandibular landmarks with cone-beam computed tomography for regional superimpositions: An in vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 149:67-75. [PMID: 26718380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objective was to identify and evaluate the accuracy and precision (intrarater and interrater reliabilities) of various anatomic landmarks for use in 3-dimensional maxillary and mandibular regional superimpositions. METHODS We used cone-beam computed tomography reconstructions of 10 human dried skulls to locate 10 landmarks in the maxilla and the mandible. Precision and accuracy were assessed with intrarater and interrater readings. Three examiners located these landmarks in the cone-beam computed tomography images 3 times with readings scheduled at 1-week intervals. Three-dimensional coordinates were determined (x, y, and z coordinates), and the intraclass correlation coefficient was computed to determine intrarater and interrater reliabilities, as well as the mean error difference and confidence intervals for each measurement. RESULTS Bilateral mental foramina, bilateral infraorbital foramina, anterior nasal spine, incisive canal, and nasion showed the highest precision and accuracy in both intrarater and interrater reliabilities. Subspinale and bilateral lingulae had the lowest precision and accuracy in both intrarater and interrater reliabilities. CONCLUSIONS When choosing the most accurate and precise landmarks for 3-dimensional cephalometric analysis or plane-derived maxillary and mandibular superimpositions, bilateral mental and infraorbital foramina, landmarks in the anterior region of the maxilla, and nasion appeared to be the best options of the analyzed landmarks. Caution is needed when using subspinale and bilateral lingulae because of their higher mean errors in location.
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Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to provide a new method to locate the foramen rotundum (FR) based on the structures in the wall of sphenoid. MATERIALS AND METHODS Computed tomographic angiography images of 172 FR in adults and 10 bony specimens were reviewed. The measurement was on coronal, sagittal, and axial planes after multiplanar reconstruction. The diameter, length, and direction of FR were measured. The middle lowest point of sellar region, the sagittal midline, and the bottom of sphenoid sinus were selected as the landmarks to locate the FR. RESULT The FR can be found and identified easily on computed tomographic angiography image. The bony diameter measured in CT image is in accordance with that in specimen. The anterior opening and posterior opening can be located by the stationary structures in the sphenoid sinus. CONCLUSIONS The FR is a stationary bony structure; its length, diameter, and angle are relatively constant; and it can be easily located by the data measured in this study. The FR should be protected in the process of transsphenoid approach as well as be precisely located by the procedure about it.
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Al-Saleh MAQ, Punithakumar K, Jaremko JL, Alsufyani NA, Boulanger P, Major PW. Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging-cone beam computed tomography rigid registration of the head: an in-vitro study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015; 121:316-21. [PMID: 26795452 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of cross-modality image registration procedure between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS In vitro diagnostic MRI and CBCT images of 5 cadaver swine heads were obtained prospectively. Five radiopaque fiducial markers were attached to each cadaver skull by using resin screws. Automatic MRI-CBCT rigid registrations were performed. The specimens were then scanned using a 3-dimensional (3-D) laser scanner. The 3-D coordinate points for the centroid of the attached fiducial markers from laser scan were identified and considered ground truth. The distances between marker centroids were measured with MRI, CBCT, and MRI-CBCT. Accuracy was calculated by using repeated measures analysis of variance and mean difference values. The registration method was repeated 10 times for each specimen in MRI to measure the average error. RESULTS There was no significant difference (P > .05) in mean distances of the markers between all images and the ground truth. The distances' mean difference between MRI, CBCT, and MRI-CBCT and the ground truth were 0.2 ± 1.1 mm, 0.3 ± 1.0 mm, 0.2 ± 1.2 mm, respectively. The detected method error ranged between 0.06 mm and 0.1 mm. CONCLUSION The cross-modality image registration algorithm is accurate for head MRI-CBCT registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Q Al-Saleh
- PhD Student, Orthodontic Graduate Program, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Kumaradevan Punithakumar
- Assistant Professor, Servier Virtual Cardiac Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute and Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jacob L Jaremko
- Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Noura A Alsufyani
- Assistant Professor, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pierre Boulanger
- Professor, Department of Computing Science, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul W Major
- Lead, School of Dentistry, Professor and Chair of the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Évaluation de la croissance de la base crânienne à partir de tomographies informatisées CBCT – une étude pilote. Int Orthod 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lagravère MO, Han J, Bogowicz P, Heo G. Cranial base growth in adolescence assessed through cone-beam computerized tomographies--pilot study. Int Orthod 2015; 13:302-19. [PMID: 26282518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess growth of the middle/posterior cranial base during adolescence based on landmarks located on serial three-dimensional cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS CBCT scans from 62 adolescents (11 to 17 years) at baseline and 12 months were used. Eleven landmarks in the cranial base were identified. Linear landmark distances were compared over the two time points using basic descriptive statistics. Shape analysis was carried out using R (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Austria). Discrete curves were obtained and aligned via a Procrustes transformation and examined for group dimorphism and longitudinal change. RESULTS Mean differences between linear distances in the cranial base were within 1mm, apart from the difference between the right and left auditory external meatuses, which was 2.25 mm. No statistically significant longitudinal differences in shape were found in relation to the peak growth period. CONCLUSION Cranial base growth was minimal over the observation period. There were no differences in terms of the amount and pattern of growth. The cranial base is said to complete most of its growth by age 12, but this has only been verified through two-dimensional studies. Our findings using CBCT confirm this, and support the use of the cranial base as a stable anatomical reference structure for superimpositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel O Lagravère
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada T5G 2N8.
| | - Jiyeng Han
- 201-9830 105 St Nw, Edmonton, AB Canada T5K1A8
| | - Paul Bogowicz
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada T5G 2N8
| | - Giseon Heo
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada T5G 2N8
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Anandarajah S, Abdalla Y, Dudhia R, Sonnesen L. Proposal of new upper airway margins in children assessed by CBCT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2015; 44:20140438. [PMID: 25806863 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20140438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, studies have performed three-dimensional analyses of upper airways in children. However, there was a lack of airway delineation according to anatomical boundaries and/or easily mobile soft-tissue landmarks were used. The aim of the present study was to define new upper airway margins in children on CBCT according to anatomical bony landmarks and to validate the method. METHODS 25 scans were randomly selected from a larger database containing CBCT scans of children prior to orthodontic treatment (14 girls and 11 boys; mean age, 10.9 ± 2.5 years). Scans were evaluated by two observers. Specific head positioning and virtual orientation protocols were adopted and greyscale thresholding was established for each patient. Volume and minimum cross-sectional area of the oropharynx were calculated. Intra- and interobserver reliability were assessed by reassessment of the CBCTs 2 weeks later. RESULTS The new airway margins were defined superiorly by a line passing through the palatal plane (anterior nasal spine to posterior nasal spine) extending to the posterior wall of the pharynx, inferiorly by a line passing from the anterosuperior edge of C4 to menton, anteriorly by a line passing from the soft palate to menton, posteriorly and laterally by the respective pharyngeal walls. Method error for airway volume and minimal cross-sectional area was ≤2.00%, and intra- and interobserver reliability ranged from 0.99 to 1.00. CONCLUSIONS The proposed protocol utilizes easily identifiable bony landmarks to delineate the upper airway on cone beam scans of children and was found to be reliable and reproducible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Y Abdalla
- 1 James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - R Dudhia
- 2 Department of Dental Radiology, Queensland X-ray, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L Sonnesen
- 3 Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Gufler H, Preiß M, Koesling S. Visibility of sutures of the orbit and periorbital region using multidetector computed tomography. Korean J Radiol 2014; 15:802-9. [PMID: 25469093 PMCID: PMC4248637 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2014.15.6.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Knowledge of cranial suture morphology is crucial in emergency medicine, forensic medicine, and maxillofacial reconstructive surgery. This study assessed the visibility of sutures of the orbit and periorbital region on multidetector computed tomography. Materials and Methods Multidetector computed tomography scans of 200 patients (127 males, 73 females; mean age 51.3 years; range, 6-92 years) were evaluated retrospectively. The slice thicknesses varied from 0.5 to 1 mm, and the tube current from 25 to 370 mAs, depending on the CT indication. The visibility of sutures was estimated according to a 4-point scale from "not visible" to "well visible". The chi-squared test was used to test the association of the visibility of sutures with the slice thickness, tube current, and age of patients. Statistical significance was assumed at p < 0.05. Results Overall, best visibility was found for the sutura frontozygomatica (98%), sutura frontonasalis (88.5%), and sutura sphenozygomatica (71.5%), followed by the sutura zygomaticomaxillaris (65.8%), sutura temporozygomatica (41.8%), sutura frontomaxillaris (44.5%), and sutura sphenofrontalis (31%). Poor visibility was found for the sutura frontolacrimalis (16.8%) and sutura frontoethmoidalis (1.3%). The sutura ethmoidomaxillaris, sutura lacrimomaxillaris, and sutura ethmoidolacrimalis were not visible. Conclusion Although the sutures of the superior, lateral, and inferior orbit are well visible, those of the medial orbit are poorly visible on CT scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Gufler
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Markus Preiß
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sabrina Koesling
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Alsufyani NA, Dietrich NH, Lagravère MO, Carey JP, Major PW. Cone beam computed tomography registration for 3-D airway analysis based on anatomic landmarks. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 118:371-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Naji P, Alsufyani NA, Lagravère MO. Reliability of anatomic structures as landmarks in three-dimensional cephalometric analysis using CBCT. Angle Orthod 2013; 84:762-72. [PMID: 24364751 DOI: 10.2319/090413-652.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify anatomic structures in three dimensions and examine their reliability to be used as landmarks in a three-dimensional coordinate cephalometric analysis, using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty CBCT images were randomly selected for landmark location. Forty-two anatomic landmarks, which are not included in the traditional cephalometric landmarks, were chosen based on radiographic characteristics that make them pragmatic to mark in the CBCT image slices. The principal investigator marked the full set of landmarks on the software by navigating in the X, Y, and Z axes for every image three times, with each measurement trial being at least 1 week apart. One other investigator also located the landmarks once for each image for reliability purposes. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to analyze the mean differences in landmark location in all axes. RESULTS Intra- and interexaminer reliability for x, y, and z coordinates for all landmarks had ICC greater than 0.95 with confidence interval of 0.88-0.99. Mean measurement differences found were <1.4 mm for all landmarks in all three coordinates. Mean measurement error differences obtained in the principal investigator's trials were primarily <0.5 mm. CONCLUSION The most reliable and reproducible landmarks tested for use in CBCT are mental foramina, infraorbital foramina, inferior hamulus, dens axis, foramina transversarium of atlas, medial and lateral condyles of the mandible, superior clinoid processes, and mid-clinoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Naji
- a DDS candidate, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif, USA
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Pittayapat P, Limchaichana-Bolstad N, Willems G, Jacobs R. Three-dimensional cephalometric analysis in orthodontics: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res 2013; 17:69-91. [DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Pittayapat
- Oral Imaging Center; OMFS-IMPATH research group; Department of Imaging & Pathology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Department of Radiology; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - G. Willems
- Orthodontics; Department of Oral Health Sciences; KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - R. Jacobs
- Oral Imaging Center; OMFS-IMPATH research group; Department of Imaging & Pathology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
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DeCesare A, Secanell M, Lagravère MO, Carey J. Multiobjective optimization framework for landmark measurement error correction in three-dimensional cephalometric tomography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2013; 42:20130035. [PMID: 23640988 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20130035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to minimize errors that occur when using a four vs six landmark superimpositioning method in the cranial base to define the co-ordinate system. Cone beam CT volumetric data from ten patients were used for this study. Co-ordinate system transformations were performed. A co-ordinate system was constructed using two planes defined by four anatomical landmarks located by an orthodontist. A second co-ordinate system was constructed using four anatomical landmarks that are corrected using a numerical optimization algorithm for any landmark location operator error using information from six landmarks. The optimization algorithm minimizes the relative distance and angle between the known fixed points in the two images to find the correction. Measurement errors and co-ordinates in all axes were obtained for each co-ordinate system. Significant improvement is observed after using the landmark correction algorithm to position the final co-ordinate system. The errors found in a previous study are significantly reduced. Errors found were between 1 mm and 2 mm. When analysing real patient data, it was found that the 6-point correction algorithm reduced errors between images and increased intrapoint reliability. A novel method of optimizing the overlay of three-dimensional images using a 6-point correction algorithm was introduced and examined. This method demonstrated greater reliability and reproducibility than the previous 4-point correction algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A DeCesare
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 1C9
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Dalessandri D, Bracco P, Paganelli C, Hernandez Soler V, Martin C. Ex vivo measurement reliability using two different cbct scanners for orthodontic purposes. Int J Med Robot 2012; 8:230-42. [DOI: 10.1002/rcs.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pietro Bracco
- Department of Orthodontics and Gnathology - Masticatory Function, Dental School; University of Turin; Turin; Italy
| | - Corrado Paganelli
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry; University of Brescia; Brescia; Italy
| | | | - Conchita Martin
- Department of Stomatology IV, School of Dentistry; University Complutense of Madrid; Madrid; Spain
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22
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Ghoneima A, Kula K. Accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computed tomography for airway volume analysis. Eur J Orthod 2011; 35:256-61. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjr099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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