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Tahamtan S, Hajihosseini M, Sohrabi A. Comparison of alignment efficiency of different sizes of superelastic nickel-titanium archwires in the initial phase of fixed orthodontic treatment: A single-center, double-blind randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2024; 166:104-111. [PMID: 38775764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This 3-arm parallel, double-blind study aimed to evaluate the alignment efficiency of 3 different diameters of superelastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires during the initial phase of orthodontic treatment. METHODS Ninety-three patients with nonextraction treatment in the mandibular arch (using 0.022-in Roth prescription brackets) were randomly allocated into 3 groups: 0.012-in NiTi (group 1), 0.014-in NiTi (group 2), and 0.016-in NiTi (group 3). The alignment change was measured using the modified Little's irregularity index before archwire placement and every 4 weeks. The alignment efficiency of the 3 groups was analyzed. RESULTS Ninety patients were analyzed (group 1: n = 29, group 2: n = 31, and group 3: n = 30; overall mean age, 16.6 years). The overall Wald test analysis revealed that wire type was not statistically significant (P = 0.91), whereas time exhibited significance as expected (P <0.001). Furthermore, the interaction between wire type and time was not significant (P = 0.93). The time-adjusted estimated difference between 0.014-in and 0.012-in was -0.49 (95% confidence interval, -2.83 to 1.85; P = 0.68). The time-adjusted estimated difference between 0.016-in and 0.012-in was -0.45 (95% confidence interval, -2.95 to 2.05; P = 0.72). No harm was observed. CONCLUSIONS The clinical performance of 3 different sizes of NiTi archwires was similar. In addition, 0.014-in and 0.016-in NiTi archwires demonstrated better performances in aligning any irregularities because of a greater number of wire deformations in the 0.012-in group. REGISTRATION IR.TBZMED.REC.1395.1039. PROTOCOL The protocol was not published before trial commencement. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Tahamtan
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Aydin Sohrabi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Shaga IB, Priya K, Ramar S, Srinidhi S, Mohan GC, Ranganathan S, Moulvi SMM, Mani B. Dentists' Perception of Mysmartalign Clear Aligner Treatment. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1585-S1587. [PMID: 38882901 PMCID: PMC11174265 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1095_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim and Objective To assess the dentist perception of efficiency, treatment outcome, and stability of the tooth movement treated with mysmartalign clear aligner therapy (MSA CAT). Materials and Method A cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey was carried out to evaluate the dentist perception of MYSMARTALIGN (MSA). To determine the sample size, a pilot study has been carried out and the final sample arrived was 4990 subjects. The current study's inclusion criteria took into account those who had finished their BDS and MDS as well as dentists and orthodontists who had been using the MSA CAT system on their patients for the previous 7 years. Results The result of the study showed that most research participants (3650) used MSA to treat mild to moderate malocclusion, and 3996 participants said that initial digital treatment plans have been authorised with no revisions. In view of efficiency, 3894 doctors were satisfied with the final outcome. Conclusions Finally concluded that recent survey showed that dentists were very satisfied with the effectiveness and treatment results of the MSA clear aligner procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bevin Shaga
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Kavalkinaru, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Priya
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvakumar Ramar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Srinidhi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Karpaga Vinayaga Dental College, Chengelpattu, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Chandra Mohan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Mallareddy Dental College for Women, Hyderabad, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sukanya Ranganathan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Madha Nagar, Kundrathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S M M Moulvi
- Consultant Maxillofacial Surgeon, The FACE OMFS Centre, India
| | - Bhuvaneswari Mani
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Chengelpattu, Chennai Tamil Nadu, India
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Fernandes LQP, de Aguiar MCS, Cosendey VL, Capelli Junior J. Multidisciplinary approach to restore esthetics and function in a young patient with three consecutive impacted teeth: a case report with 18-month follow-up. Angle Orthod 2023; 93:603-614. [PMID: 36939302 PMCID: PMC10575641 DOI: 10.2319/110222-748.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of an 11-year-old patient with three maxillary impacted teeth on the right side. Cone-beam computed tomography showed that these teeth were close together, with the lateral incisor in a lower position, followed by the central incisor, and the canine in a more apical position. Treatment included applying traction to these teeth. A transpalatal arch was used as an anchorage device, and surgical exposure of the lateral incisor was performed for traction with an elastic chain toward the hook welded to the 0.017 × 0.025-inch steel segmented arch. Subsequently, the central incisor was surgically exposed, elastic chains were used, along with a 0.016-inch steel arch with a box loop for correcting the tooth position. The canine spontaneously began to erupt, and a 0.017 × 0.025-inch TMA segmented arch with boot loop was used to control rotation and torque of the canine during its distalization. Once these three teeth were in the arch, treatment was finished in the usual manner. For esthetic improvement, gingivoplasty was performed in the maxillary arch. Eighteen-month follow-up showed that orthodontic treatment allowed preservation of the natural teeth, the contour of gingival support, and avoidance of prosthetic rehabilitation, reestablishing the patient's esthetics and function, with satisfactory stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Quintanilha Pires Fernandes
- Corresponding author: Dr Luciana Quintanilha Pires Fernandes, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 157 Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil (e-mail: )
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influence of inter-bracket distance on load deflection characteristics of nickel-titanium wires. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2022. [DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v6ns2.6409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Aim of this study was to compare and evaluate load deflection characteristic of NiTi wires of different cross-section between labial and lingual straight wire system in aligned and crowded condition. Materials & Methods: The study was divided into two parts one with the aligned teeth and in other part typodont set was manipulated to simulate the crowded arch. Crowding was created in the anterior region by displacing one central incisor and one lateral incisor 2 mm palataly and canine were rotated in mesio-buccal direction. Typodont was sent to laboratory for lingual setup and CAD-CAM based Avant grade laser sintered 3D lingual brackets were and bonded using Cyanoacrylate by the laboratory. A modified three point bending test simulating the clinical conditions was carried out to investigate load deflection characteristics of Cu-NiTi arch-wires using Instron Universal Testing Machine. Results: Shapiro-wilk test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used to check the normality of the sample and values. Intergroup comparison of LDR of wires between labial and lingual group in aligned and crowded condition showed that LDR of wires in the lingual bracket system was significantly higher as compared to labial bracket system.
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Copelovici N, Tran ML, Lefebvre F, Laheurte P, Wagner D. Super-elasticity in vitro assessment of CuNiTi wires according to their Austenite finish temperature and the imposed displacement. Angle Orthod 2022; 92:388-395. [PMID: 35099518 DOI: 10.2319/027121-575.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the super-elasticity of CuNiTi wires (Ormco, Glendora, Calif) according to their Austenite finish temperature (Af) and to the imposed displacement. The secondary objective was to compare the wire dimensions with the stated measurements and to study interbatch variability. MATERIALS AND METHODS 10 types of CuNiTi wires (Ormco, Glendora, Calif) (n = 350) were investigated at 36 ± 1°C, with conventional brackets (Victory Series, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif). Tensile test with coronoapical displacement ranging from 1 to 5 mm of the canine bracket was imposed. The wire dimensions were initially measured from two batches (n = 10). RESULTS Dimensional heterogeneity varied by ± 2.00% compared to the manufacturer's data, and even up to 5.54% for 0.014-inch CuNiTi (P = .00069). However, all unloading forces were reproducible. In decreasing order, the forces delivered by a CuNiTi 27 were greater than those with CuNiTi 35 and 40. The super-elasticity was expressed only for displacements of 1 to 2 mm, at best up to 3 mm for 0.014-inch CuNiTi 27. CONCLUSIONS The value of Af as well as the amount of imposed displacement seem to influence the expression of the super-elasticity of CuNiTi wires and the amount of corrected malocclusion. Among the tested wires, under these experimental conditions, 0.014-inch wire could be suitable as a first archwire. CuNiTi 35, therefore, seems to offer the best compromise among the force level, the expression of super-elasticity and the amount of malocclusion correction.
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Upadhyay M, Arqub SA. Biomechanics of clear aligners: hidden truths & first principles. J World Fed Orthod 2021; 11:12-21. [PMID: 34965910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades clear aligner-based treatment has received remarkableattention from the orthodontic profession and more so from general practitioners.Different companies have emerged using vigorous advertisement to promote theirproducts mainly to patients and clinicians through social media. A variety of concepts,methods, and adjuncts have been introduced to enhance the efficacy andeffectiveness of clear aligners. However, the accuracy of tooth movement (vspredicted) with aligners still hovers around 50%. Fixed appliances fare much better onaccuracy and predictability of treatment. Why is there a discrepancy betweenexpected and actual outcomes? This paper utilizes 'first principles' and the existingevidence to unravel some of the key drawbacks of aligner-based therapy. Severalshortcomings in the biomechanical properties of aligner material (thermoplastics) thataffect clinical performance are discussed. Based on the first principles of alignerbiomechanics, this paper provides clinical insights for improving predictability and effectiveness of aligner therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhur Upadhyay
- Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Sarah Abu Arqub
- Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Xie Q, Li D. The cross-sectional effects of ribbon arch wires on Class II malocclusion intermaxillary traction: a three-dimensional finite element analysis. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:501. [PMID: 34615518 PMCID: PMC8496031 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01859-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of intermaxillary traction is often accompanied by the unexpected movement of dentition, especially anchorage teeth. The aim of this study was to comprehensively compare the influence of cross-sectional shape of ribbon arch wires with edgewise and round wires on intermaxillary traction in Class II malocclusion treatment using FEA simulation. METHODS The dentofacial structure was simulated in finite element software. A retraction force of 1.5 N was applied to different cross-sectional orthodontic arch wires: a ribbon wire (0.025 × 0.017-in. and 0.025 × 0.019-in.), a rectangular wire (0.017 × 0.025-in. and 0.019 × 0.025-in.) and a round wire (Φ 0.018-in. and Φ 0.020-in.). RESULTS Among the three groups, ribbon wire (0.025 × 0.017-in. and 0.025 × 0.019-in.) exhibited the lowest displacement in the X-axis (12.61 μm and 12.77 μm, respectively) and Z-axis (8.99 μm and 9.06 μm, respectively). However, the 0.025 × 0.017-in. ribbon wire showed the highest Y-axis displacement. In the round wire group, Φ 0.020-in. wire displayed less rotation than Φ 0.018-in. wire, where the sagittal, frontal and occlusal rotation of Φ 0.020-in. wire was almost half of that of Φ 0.018-in. wire. The movement of the first molar region was intermediate between the ribbon arch group and the round wire group. Notably, the values of the 0.025 × 0.017-in. arch wire displacement, which were higher than those of any other group, peaked at 0.019 mm in the central incisor region with a spike-like shape. The deformation range of the Φ 0.018-in. wire group was the largest in this study. CONCLUSIONS The cross-section of the arch wire influenced force delivery in Class II intermaxillary traction. With the same shape, a larger cross-sectional area led to less mandibular dentition movement. For the rectangular arch wire and ribbon arch wire groups, since the height and width were inverted, the vertical displacement of anchorage teeth in the ribbon wire group was reduced, but the possibility of buccal tipping in mandibular anterior teeth also increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 of Xinquan Street, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Duo Li
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 of Xinquan Street, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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Harikrishnan P, Magesh V. Stress distribution and deformation in six tie wings Orthodontic bracket during simulated tipping - A finite element analysis. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 200:105835. [PMID: 33218706 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Four tie wings brackets are widely used in orthodontics, while the Six Tie Wings Brackets (STWB) are recently emerging in fixed orthodontic appliances due to their claim for less friction and thus faster teeth movement. The aim of this work was to evaluate the stress distribution and deformation during simulated mesio-distal tipping forces in Stainless Steel (SS) six tie wings orthodontic bracket using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). METHODS A six tie wings bracket (Synergy®, RMO, USA) dimensions were measured using the Vision system and a 3D model of the bracket was constructed. A Finite Element (FE) model was developed and mesio-distal tipping forces of 1.22 N to 1.96 N (125 to 200 gm) in increments were applied on the gingival and incisal slot walls. The stress distribution and deformation were recorded at specific points in the bracket and analyzed. RESULTS The maximum deformation and stress distribution for the mesial and distal tipping forces of 1.96 N were recorded as 0.137 µm and 10.60 MPa respectively. The stress concentration was more at the junction of the slot wall and the slot base. For mesial tipping,the deformation was more on the disto-incisal and mesio-gingival tie wings. Similarly, for distal tipping the deformation was more on the mesio-incisal and disto-gingival tie wings. The mid-tie wings showed minimal deformation during both distal and mesial tipping. CONCLUSIONS Our study visualized both the mesial and distal tipping forces induced stress distribution in the bracket tie wing-slot junctions. The deformation was present maximum in the mesio-incisal and disto-incisal tie wings and minimal in the mid-tie wings. Clinicians should be aware of this behavior of STWB in making decisions to alter the tipping forces in the archwire to compensate for the tie wing deformation in refining the teeth position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandurangan Harikrishnan
- Craniofacial Orthodontist, Division of Orthodontics, Teeth "N" Jaws Center, Lake Area, Chennai- 600034, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Varadaraju Magesh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Jiang J, Chen H, Huang Z, Ma X, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Orthodontic force prediction model of T-loop closing spring based on dynamic resistance model. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2020; 234:1384-1396. [PMID: 32729781 DOI: 10.1177/0954411920943433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Malocclusion has been seriously endangering human oral function. The most effective and mature therapy is orthodontic treatment. But the relationship between the shape of the T-loop and the orthodontic force is unclear, and the precise mathematical model has not been established. In this article, the dynamic orthodontic force prediction model of the T-loop was established by analyzing the treatment process of the T-loop. The model was based on the dynamic resistance model of waxy dental jaw, the theory of beam deformation, and the deformation characteristics of the T-loop. In the experimental process, 11 kinds of orthodontic archwires were used as experimental samples, including 2 kinds of common archwire materials, 7 kinds of cross-sectional sizes, and 10 kinds of clearance distances. The T-loop was put into the extraction space and immersed in 75°C constant temperature water for 2 min. And the experimental data were measured and collected by the dynamic force measuring device. The experimental results show that the cross-sectional size and the clearance distance are positively correlated with the orthodontic force. The influence of the clearance distance on the orthodontic force is greater than that of the cross-section size. The deviation rates between the experimental values of orthodontic force and the theoretical values are between 1.10% and 9.09%, which verifies the accuracy of the dynamic orthodontic force prediction model. The model can predict the orthodontic force, improve the treatment effect, shorten the treatment cycle, and provide reference and guidance for orthodontists to carry out orthodontic treatment safely and effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China.,Robotics & ITS Engineering Research Center, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Houjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xuefeng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yongde Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China.,Robotics & ITS Engineering Research Center, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Lo Giudice A, Nucera R, Leonardi R, Paiusco A, Baldoni M, Caccianiga G. A Comparative Assessment of the Efficiency of Orthodontic Treatment With and Without Photobiomodulation During Mandibular Decrowding in Young Subjects: A Single-Center, Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:272-279. [PMID: 31944878 PMCID: PMC7249466 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess if photobiomodulation (PBM) improves the efficiency of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance during the alignment stage. Methods: Eighty-nine subjects were included in this trial and randomly assigned for treatment with fixed appliance and PBM group or with fixed appliance only (control group). Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) age between 13 and 30 years, (2) permanent dentition, (3) class I malocclusion, (4) lower 6–6 mild crowding measured on dental cast, (5) no spaces or diastema in the lower arch, (6) no ectopic teeth, (7) nonextractive treatment plan, and (8) no previous orthodontic treatment. PBM was administered in the PBM group every 14 days using the ATP38® (Biotech Dental, Allée de Craponne, Salon de Provence, France) (72 J/cm2 of fluency for each session). Dental alignment was assessed by visual inspection, and treatment time was defined in days as T2 (date of assessment of complete dental alignment)–T1 (date of brackets bonding). The number of monthly scheduled appointments was also recorded. All the data underwent statistical analysis for comparison between groups. Results: Treatment time was significantly shorter (p < 0.001) in the PBM group (203 days) compared with the control (260 days). Consequently, control visits (p < 0.001) were lower in the PBM group (7) compared with the control group (9). Conclusions: The present findings would confirm that PBM can be used to enhance the efficiency of orthodontic treatment during dental decrowding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Lo Giudice
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario "V. Emanuele," Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Nucera
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario "G. Martino," Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Leonardi
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario "V. Emanuele," Catania, Italy
| | - Alessio Paiusco
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Baldoni
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Caccianiga
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Zhou X, Gan Y, Zhao Q, Xiong J, Xia Z. Simulation of orthodontic force of archwire applied to full dentition using virtual bracket displacement method. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2019; 35:e3189. [PMID: 30790479 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Orthodontic force simulation of tooth provides important guidance for clinical orthodontic treatment. However, previous studies did not involve the simulation of orthodontic force of archwire applied to full dentition. This study aimed to develop a method to simulate orthodontic force of tooth produced by loading a continuous archwire to full dentition using finite element method. METHOD A three-dimensional tooth-periodontal ligament-bone complex model of mandible was reconstructed from computed tomography images, and models of brackets and archwire were built. The simulation was completed through two steps. First, node displacements of archwire before and after loading were estimated through moving virtual brackets to drive archwire deformation. Second, the obtained node displacements were loaded to implement the loading of archwire, and orthodontic force was calculated. An orthodontic force tester (OFT) was used to measure orthodontic force in vitro for the validation. RESULTS After the simulation convergence, archwire was successfully loaded to brackets, and orthodontic force of teeth was obtained. Compared with the measured orthodontic force using the OFT, the absolute difference of the simulation results ranged from 0.5 to 22.7 cN for force component and ranged from 2.2 to 80.0 cN•mm for moment component, respectively. The relative difference of the simulation results ranged from 2.5% to 11.0% for force component, and ranged from 0.6% to 14.7% for moment component, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The developed orthodontic force simulation method based on virtual bracket displacement can be used to simulate orthodontic force provided by the archwire applied to full dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Zhou
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangzhou Gan
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunfei Zhao
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyang Xia
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
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Camouflage treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion in an adult cleft-palate patient using passive self-ligating system. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2018; 155:117-126. [PMID: 30591155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This case report describes the successful camouflage treatment to correct a moderate skeletal Class III malocclusion in a 19-year-old male cleft-palate patient. Early closure of the palate produced palatal scar tissue that inhibited midfacial growth, causing maxillary arch deficiency, severe maxillary crowding, and anterior and posterior crossbites. Combined surgical-orthodontic therapy would have been the preferred treatment of choice; however, the patient declined this option because of surgical risks and costs. Therefore, nonextraction camouflage treatment using a passive self-ligating bracket system was used. Treatment aims including expansion of the maxillary arch and correction of the anterior and posterior crossbites were achieved without the use of an additional maxillary arch expander or other auxiliary appliances. This treatment resulted in satisfying facial esthetics and a normal dental occlusion.
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Buccolingual Inclination Control of Upper Central Incisors of Aligners: A Comparison with Conventional and Self-Ligating Brackets. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9341821. [PMID: 30627583 PMCID: PMC6304479 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9341821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective The upper incisors torque expression is essential for the orthodontic treatment accuracy. Various orthodontic devices are claimed to have different inclination control capacity. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the radiographic buccolingual inclination of upper incisors in patients treated with three different orthodontic techniques. Material and Methods Conventional brackets (Victory, 3M), self-ligating appliances (Damon Q, Ormco), and aligners (Invisalign, Align Technology) were tested. Cephalometric data of 25 patients with similar skeletal and dental pretreatment parameters were collected for each technique. Position changes of upper central incisors were assessed with radiographic evaluation before and after therapy. Three different parameters were considered: 11∧SnaSnp, 11∧Ocl and I+ TVL. All variables were measured before (T0) and after (T1) treatment and their variation over treatment was assessed. Results When evaluating angular measurements, 11∧SnaSnp and 11∧Ocl angles showed the highest numeric variation with conventional brackets. Lowest values were reported with aligners. However, the differences among various techniques were not significant for both angles (P>0.05). Also I+ TVL linear value variation did not show significant differences among the different groups tested (P>0.05). Conclusion Conventional multibrackets appliance showed the highest incisal position variations over treatment, but the differences among various groups were not significantly different.
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Lo Giudice A, Nucera R, Perillo L, Paiusco A, Caccianiga G. Is Low-Level Laser Therapy an Effective Method to Alleviate Pain Induced by Active Orthodontic Alignment Archwire? A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2018; 19:71-78. [PMID: 30926104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess if low-level laser therapy (LLLT) alleviates pain after the placement of orthodontic alignment archwire and if there could be a specific indication for the usage of LLLT according to the amount of dental crowding. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety subjects were included and randomly assigned to the tested group (orthodontic treatment and LLLT), placebo group (orthodontic treatment and simulated LLLT), and control group (orthodontic treatment only). Inclusion criteria are age between 13 and 30 years, completely erupted mandibular teeth, and lower crowding of ≥3 mm. Exclusion criteria are spaces or diastema in the lower arch, ectopic teeth, treatment plan including extractions or the use of auxiliary devices, and previous orthodontic treatment. Patients reported the pain experienced by using a numeric rating scale, ranging from 0 to 10, at specific time intervals, that is, 2 hours, 6 hours, 24 hours, and from day 2 to 7. Kruskal-Wallis H Test was used to assess differences in the maximum pain and pain experienced at each time interval among the three groups and in the maximum pain reported among subjects with different degree of crowding. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 84 patients, 41 male and 43 female patients, with a mean age of 16.5 ± 2.8 years. The pain experienced at each time interval and the maximum pain score were significantly lower in the tested group, whereas no differences were found between control and placebo groups. Moreover, no differences were found in the pain experienced among subjects with mild, moderate, and severe incisor crowding in all groups. CONCLUSIONS LLLT is effective in alleviating the intensity and duration of pain experienced by patients after the engagement of alignment archwire. However, there is no specific indication for the usage of LLLT according to the amount of crowding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario "G. Martino", Messina, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Nucera
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Letizia Perillo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli
| | - Alessio Paiusco
- Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Caccianiga
- Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Kato M, Namura Y, Yoneyama T, Shimizu N. Effect of the vertical position of the canine on the frictional/orthodontic force ratio of Ni-Ti archwires during the levelling phase of orthodontic treatment. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:336-343. [PMID: 29848889 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.17-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the vertical position of the canine on changes in the frictional/orthodontic (F/O) force ratio of nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) archwires during the initial levelling phase of orthodontic treatment. Frictional and orthodontic forces were measured by using low-friction brackets and Ni-Ti archwires with three different cross-sectional sizes and force types. To simulate canine malocclusion (first premolar extraction case), the upper right canine was displaced gingivally by 1 to 3 mm and the inter-bracket distance between the upper right lateral incisor and second premolar was set at 15 mm or 20 mm. A three-point bending test was performed to measure the orthodontic force of each Ni-Ti archwire. Frictional forces were measured with a universal testing machine and dental arch models by pulling parallel to the end of the archwire at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. F/O force ratio was calculated and analysed statistically. At a displacement of 3 mm, few archwires had F/O force ratios of less than 1.0, at which orthodontic force overcame frictional force, thus ensuring extrusion of the canine. For effective tooth movement, orthodontists should use Ni-Ti archwires with an F/O force ratio of less than 1.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeko Kato
- Department of Oral Structural and Functional Biology, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Yasuhiro Namura
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Clinical Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Takayuki Yoneyama
- Department of Dental Materials, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Biomaterials Science, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Noriyoshi Shimizu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Clinical Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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Scribante A, Montasser MA, Radwan ES, Bernardinelli L, Alcozer R, Gandini P, Sfondrini MF. Reliability of Orthodontic Miniscrews: Bending and Maximum Load of Different Ti-6Al-4V Titanium and Stainless Steel Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs). MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1138. [PMID: 29976856 PMCID: PMC6073155 DOI: 10.3390/ma11071138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) have been introduced into orthodontic clinical practice in order to allow tooth movements while avoiding strain on adjacent teeth. Miniscrews are available in the market with different diameters and materials. Accordingly, the purpose of the present report was to measure and compare the forces to bend and fracture different mini implants. Ti-6Al-4V titanium and stainless steel TADs of different manufacturers (Spider ScrewHDC; Mini Implants⁻Leone; Benefit⁻Orteam; Storm⁻Kristal) were evaluated. Two different diameters (1.5 mm and 2.0 mm) were tested. The sample included 10 unused specimens for each group, blocked in an Instron Universal Testing Machine, and a shear load was applied at the neck of the miniscrew. The force to bend the miniscrew was measured at 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm deflections. Also, the maximum force before screw fracture was recorded. Data were submitted for statistical analysis. Results showed significantly higher forces for 2.0 mm than 1.5 mm screws, both at 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm deflections and at maximum load. Moreover, no significant differences were reported between titanium and stainless steel miniscrews of equal diameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Mona A Montasser
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt.
| | - Eman Saad Radwan
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt.
| | - Luisa Bernardinelli
- Section of Statistics, Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Roberto Alcozer
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paola Gandini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maria Francesca Sfondrini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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17
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Scribante A, Montasser MA, Radwan ES, Bernardinelli L, Alcozer R, Gandini P, Sfondrini MF. Reliability of Orthodontic Miniscrews: Bending and Maximum Load of Different Ti-6Al-4V Titanium and Stainless Steel Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs). MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018. [PMID: 29976856 DOI: 10.3390/ecms2018-05219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) have been introduced into orthodontic clinical practice in order to allow tooth movements while avoiding strain on adjacent teeth. Miniscrews are available in the market with different diameters and materials. Accordingly, the purpose of the present report was to measure and compare the forces to bend and fracture different mini implants. Ti-6Al-4V titanium and stainless steel TADs of different manufacturers (Spider ScrewHDC; Mini Implants⁻Leone; Benefit⁻Orteam; Storm⁻Kristal) were evaluated. Two different diameters (1.5 mm and 2.0 mm) were tested. The sample included 10 unused specimens for each group, blocked in an Instron Universal Testing Machine, and a shear load was applied at the neck of the miniscrew. The force to bend the miniscrew was measured at 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm deflections. Also, the maximum force before screw fracture was recorded. Data were submitted for statistical analysis. Results showed significantly higher forces for 2.0 mm than 1.5 mm screws, both at 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm deflections and at maximum load. Moreover, no significant differences were reported between titanium and stainless steel miniscrews of equal diameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Mona A Montasser
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt.
| | - Eman Saad Radwan
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt.
| | - Luisa Bernardinelli
- Section of Statistics, Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Roberto Alcozer
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paola Gandini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maria Francesca Sfondrini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Alobeid A, El-Bialy T, Khawatmi S, Dirk C, Jäger A, Bourauel C. Comparison of the force levels among labial and lingual self-ligating and conventional brackets in simulated misaligned teeth. Eur J Orthod 2017; 39:419-425. [PMID: 28339591 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjw082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background/objective The aim of this study was to evaluate force levels exerted by levelling arch wires with labial and lingual conventional and self-ligating brackets. Materials/methods The tested orthodontic brackets were of the 0.022-in slot size for labial and 0.018-in for lingual brackets and were as follows: 1. Labial brackets: (i) conventional bracket (GAC-Twin, Dentsply), (ii) passive self-ligating (SL) brackets (Damon-Q®, ORMCO; Ortho classic H4™, Orthoclassic; FLI®SL, Rocky Mountain Orthodontics) and (iii) active SL brackets (GAC In-Ovation®C, DENTSPLY and SPEED™, Strite). 2. Lingual brackets: (i) conventional brackets (Incognito, 3M and Joy™, Adenta); (ii) passive SL bracket (GAC In-Ovation®LM™, Dentsply and (iii) active SL bracket (Evolution SLT, Adenta). Thermalloy-NiTi 0.013-in and 0.014-in arch wires (Rocky Mountain Orthodontics) were used with all brackets. The simulated malocclusion represented a maxillary central incisor displaced 2 mm gingivally (x-axis) and 2 mm labially (z-axis). Results Lingual bracket systems showed higher force levels (2.4 ± 0.2 to 3.8 ± 0.2 N) compared to labial bracket systems (from 1.1 ± 0.1 to 2.2 ± 0.4 N). However, the differences between SL and conventional bracket systems were minor and not consistent (labial brackets: 1.2 ± 0.1 N for the GAC Twin and 1.1 ± 0.1 to 1.6 ± 0.1 N for the SL brackets with 0.013-in thermalloy; lingual brackets: 2.5 ± 0.2 to 3.5 ± 0.1 N for the conventional and 2.7 ± 0.3 to 3.4 ± 0.1 N for the SL brackets with 0.013-in Thermalloy). Limitations This is an in vitro study with different slot sizes in the labial and lingual bracket systems, results should be interpreted with caution. Conclusions/implications Lingual bracket systems showed higher forces compared to labial bracket systems that might be of clinical concern. We recommend highly flexible nickel titanium arch wires lower than 0.013-in for the initial levelling and alignment especially with lingual appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alobeid
- Department of Oral Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Department of Oral Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Said Khawatmi
- Department of Oral Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelius Dirk
- Department of Oral Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Jäger
- Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bourauel
- Department of Oral Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Henriques JFC, Higa RH, Semenara NT, Janson G, Fernandes TMF, Sathler R. Evaluation of deflection forces of orthodontic wires with different ligation types. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e49. [PMID: 28678968 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate deflection forces of orthodontic wires of different alloys engaged into conventional brackets using several ligation types. Stainless steel, conventional superelastic nickel-titanium and thermally activated nickel-titanium archwires tied into conventional brackets by a ring-shaped elastomeric ligature (RSEL), a 8-shaped elastomeric ligature (8SEL) and a metal ligature (ML) were tested. A clinical simulation device was created especially for this study and forces were measured with an Instron Universal Testing Machine. For the testing procedure, the block representing the maxillary right central incisor was moved 0.5 and 1 mm bucco-lingually at a constant speed of 2 mm/min, and the forces released by the wires were recorded, in accordance with the ISO 15841 guidelines. In general, the RSEL showed lighter forces, while 8SEL and ML showed higher values. At the 0.5 mm deflection, the 8SEL presented the greatest force, but at the 1.0 mm deflection the ML had a statistically similar force. Based on our evaluations, to obtain lighter forces, the thermally activated nickel-titanium wire with the RSEL are recommended, while the steel wire with the 8SEL or the ML are recommended when larger forces are desired. The ML exhibited the highest force increase with increased deflections, compared with the elastomeric ligatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo Hitoshi Higa
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Nayara Thiago Semenara
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Janson
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Sathler
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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