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Olinger K, Liu X, Khoshpouri P, Khoshpouri P, Scoutt LM, Khurana A, Chaubal RN, Moshiri M. Added Value of Contrast-enhanced US for Evaluation of Female Pelvic Disease. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230092. [PMID: 38175802 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Since the first application of contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) in the late 1960s, the use of US contrast agents has grown tremendously, and this examination has proved to be a valuable adjunct to diagnostic US for detection and characterization of disease. Also, CEUS has emerged as an excellent option for evaluation of indeterminate lesions that require additional imaging, given its excellent safety profile, including that in patients with end-stage renal disease or allergies to contrast material who are unable to undergo contrast-enhanced CT or MRI. US traditionally has been considered the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of the female pelvis, followed by MRI and rarely fluoroscopy, CT, PET, or angiography. CEUS has the potential to add significant value in imaging gynecologic disease, and indications for its use in the female pelvis are expected to continue evolving. It can aid in evaluation of nonvascular structures, such as assessment of tubal patency, uterine cavity morphology, and pelvic fistulas. CEUS can help characterize poorly vascularized gynecologic tumors or tissues with slow flow by using qualitative and quantitative parameters and aid in image-guided interventions or biopsies by facilitating visualization of lesions that are difficult to see with other imaging modalities. The authors provide an overview of current applications of US contrast agents in the female pelvis and discuss associated factors such as technique, interpretation, and image optimization. They also discuss the limitations of CEUS and describe its utility in the evaluation of female pelvic disease by using an organ system case-based approach. © RSNA, 2024 Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Olinger
- From the Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2021 Old Clinic Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (K.O.); Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L.); Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Parisa Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Pegah Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (L.M.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India (R.N.C.); and Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.M.)
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- From the Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2021 Old Clinic Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (K.O.); Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L.); Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Parisa Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Pegah Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (L.M.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India (R.N.C.); and Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.M.)
| | - Parisa Khoshpouri
- From the Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2021 Old Clinic Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (K.O.); Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L.); Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Parisa Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Pegah Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (L.M.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India (R.N.C.); and Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.M.)
| | - Pegah Khoshpouri
- From the Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2021 Old Clinic Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (K.O.); Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L.); Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Parisa Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Pegah Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (L.M.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India (R.N.C.); and Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.M.)
| | - Leslie M Scoutt
- From the Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2021 Old Clinic Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (K.O.); Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L.); Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Parisa Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Pegah Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (L.M.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India (R.N.C.); and Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.M.)
| | - Aman Khurana
- From the Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2021 Old Clinic Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (K.O.); Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L.); Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Parisa Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Pegah Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (L.M.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India (R.N.C.); and Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.M.)
| | - Rajas N Chaubal
- From the Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2021 Old Clinic Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (K.O.); Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L.); Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Parisa Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Pegah Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (L.M.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India (R.N.C.); and Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.M.)
| | - Mariam Moshiri
- From the Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2021 Old Clinic Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (K.O.); Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (X.L.); Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Parisa Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (Pegah Khoshpouri); Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (L.M.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India (R.N.C.); and Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.M.)
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Baghban N, Ullah M, Nabipour I. The current trend of exosome in epithelial ovarian cancer studies: A bibliometric review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1082066. [PMID: 36969852 PMCID: PMC10034012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1082066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common type of ovarian cancer. About 90% of ovary tumors are epithelial. The current treatment for EOC involves surgical debulking of the tumors followed by a combination of chemotherapy. While most patients achieve complete remission, many EOCs will recur and develop chemoresistance. The cancer cells can adapt to several stress stimuli, becoming resistant. Therefore, new ways to fight resistant cells during the disease are being studied. Recently, exosomes, which reflect cell behavior in normal and pathological conditions such as epithelial ovarian cancer, are of academic interest as new biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy. Consequently, the current study aimed to investigate the research output of exosomes in EOC.Method: A bibliometric method was used for analyzing publications on exosome and epithelial ovarian cancer from the beginning to 15 October 2022 by searching keywords in Scopus, PubMed and Google scholar. Annual scientific publications, authors, citations, journals, co-authorships, and keywords co-occurrence were analyzed and plotted using Microsoft Office Excel and VOS viewer. 39 original journal articles and 3 reviews have been published since 2015 up to 15 October 2022.Results: The findings showed that China is the top country in research output, international collaborations, organization, author, and sponsorship. The top journals were the Journal of Ovarian Research, Oncotarget, and Tumor Biology, all in the United States. The top institution was Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China. The top author was Xipeng Wang. Co-occurrence analysis showed that academics’ interest is toward:1) 1) Exosomes as prognostic biomarkers of EOC as well as their role in the proliferation and migration of cells. 2) The role of exosomes in metastasis through different mechanisms; 3) The role of exosomes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells; 4) The diagnostic role of EVs in EOC; and 5) Conferring chemoresistance in EOC through the exosomal transfer of miRNAs.Conclusion: Research on the exosome and EOC has an increasing trend, and China is much more involved than other countries in research, financial support, and international cooperation. These findings could aid researcher in understanding novel ideas and subjects interested by sponsors in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Baghban
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Neda Baghban,
| | - Mujib Ullah
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc., South SanFrancisco, CA, United States
- Molecular Medicine Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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An Assessment of Serum Selenium Concentration in Women with Ovarian Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040850. [PMID: 36839209 PMCID: PMC9963663 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Available studies on the effect of serum selenium levels on the risk of malignancies show some conflicting results. In this study, we investigated the correlation between serum selenium levels and ovarian cancer occurrence. METHODS 314 women (157 diseased patients and 157 healthy ones) matched in terms of age and BMI were included in the study. The measurements of selenium in the collected blood samples were performed using an ICP mass spectrometer. Univariable and multivariable analyzes were performed to determine the relationship between the factors under the study and the occurrence of ovarian cancer. RESULTS The mean concentration of selenium was lower among diseased ones than among controls (53.31 μg/L vs. 78.99 μg/L). A decrease in selenium concentration was noticed with the advancement of ovarian cancer. In univariable and multivariable analyzes, a clear relationship between low selenium concentration and the occurrence of ovarian cancer was found (35.3 (95% CI: 11.2-111; p < 0.001) and 45.8 (95% CI: 12.8-164; p < 0.001)). CONCLUSION The studied patients with ovarian cancer are characterized by statistically significant lower serum selenium levels than patients from the control group. Among the study group, a decrease in selenium concentration was observed with an increase in the FIGO stage. The determination of the role of selenium as a prophylactic factor in ovarian cancer requires further prospective studies.
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Zhang C, Pan R, Ma S, Xu S, Wang B. Dezocine inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting CRABP2 in ovarian cancer. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:2052-2061. [PMID: 36568517 PMCID: PMC9755696 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that some anesthesia drugs can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. As a clinical anesthetic drug, dezocine has been reported to play an important role in immune function. However, the effects of dezocine on ovarian cancer cell growth and metastasis are not fully understood. In this study, we found that dezocine dose-dependently inhibited the viability of ES-2 and SKOV3 cells. Dezocine suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of ovarian cancer cells, and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was also inhibited by dezocine. Furthermore, mechanism study showed that dezocine could significantly inhibit the expression of CRABP2, and CRABP2 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of dezocine on ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, dezocine has significant anti-tumor effects on the growth and metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells, and CRABP2 functions as a downstream effector of dezocine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Ruirui Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Shuangshuang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Shoucai Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Baosheng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No.440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
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Droste A, Anic K, Hasenburg A. Laparoscopic Surgery for Ovarian Neoplasms - What is Possible, What is Useful? Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2022; 82:1368-1377. [PMID: 36467976 PMCID: PMC9715350 DOI: 10.1055/a-1787-9144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of minimally invasive surgical techniques is becoming increasingly important in gynecologic oncology due to technical advances and the increasing level of surgical expertise. In addition to laparoscopic approaches for the treatment of benign neoplasms, minimally invasive surgical methods have also become established in some areas for treating gynecologic malignancies. For tumor entities such as endometrial and cervical carcinoma, there are conclusive studies emphasizing the role of laparoscopy in surgical therapy. By contrast, due to a lack of prospective data with survival analyses, no clear conclusions can be drawn on the significance of laparoscopy in the surgical treatment of ovarian carcinoma. However, some smaller, mostly retrospective case-control studies and cohort studies open the way for a discussion, positing the possibility that laparoscopic surgical procedures, particularly for early ovarian carcinoma, are technically feasible and of a quality equivalent to that of conventional longitudinal laparotomy, and may also be associated with lower perioperative morbidity. In this article we discuss the most important aspects of using minimally invasive surgical techniques for ovarian carcinoma based on the current literature. In particular we look at the relevance of laparoscopy as a primary approach for surgical staging of early ovarian carcinoma, and we evaluate the role of diagnostic laparoscopy in assessing the operability of advanced ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Droste
- 611615Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany,Korrespondenzadresse Dr. med. univ. Annika Droste Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Klinik und Poliklinik für
Geburtshilfe und FrauengesundheitLangenbeckstraße 155131
MainzGermany
| | - Katharina Anic
- 611615Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annette Hasenburg
- 611615Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Velayo CL, Reforma KN, Sicam RVG, Diwa MH, Sy ADR, Tantengco OAG. Improving diagnostic strategies for ovarian cancer in Filipino women using ultrasound imaging and a multivariate index assay. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 81:102253. [PMID: 36179631 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical performance and overall utility of imaging and biomarker assays in discriminating between benign and malignant ovarian masses in a Filipino population. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study among Filipino women undergoing assessment for an ovarian mass in a tertiary center. All included patients underwent a physical examination before level III specialist ultrasonographic and Doppler evaluation, multivariate index assay (MIA2G), and surgery for an adnexal mass. Ovarian tumors were classified as high-risk for malignancy based on the International Ovarian Tumour Analysis (IOTA) - Logistic Regression 2 (LR2) score. The ovarian imaging and biomarker results were correlated with the reference standard: histological findings. RESULTS Among the 379 women with adnexal masses enrolled in this study, 291 were evaluable with ultrasound imaging, biomarker assays, and histopathological results. The risk of malignancy was higher for women classified as high-risk based on IOTA-LR2 (≥10%). The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for the prediction of malignancy were 81.2%, 81%, and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.77-0.86) for IOTA-LR2; 77.5%, 66.7%, and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.67-0.77) for CA-125; and 91.3%, 41.2%, and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.62-0.71) for MIA2G. A combination of IOTA-LR2 and MIA2G significantly influenced the diagnostic performance and the result. When MIA2G was combined with IOTA-LR2 in parallel, the sensitivity (94.2%) and NPV (87.7%) increased, but the specificity (37.3%) decreased. When combined with IOTA-LR2 in series, there were fewer false positives, which resulted in improved specificity (85%). CONCLUSION This study determined the utility of ovarian imaging and a second-generation multivariate index assay in predicting the risk of ovarian malignancy. IOTA-LR2 and MIA2G were useful in classifying patients with a high risk for ovarian malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa L Velayo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines.
| | - Kareen N Reforma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines
| | - Renee Vina G Sicam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines
| | - Michele H Diwa
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Alvin Duke R Sy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
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Mutation Profiles of Ovarian Seromucinous Borderline Tumors in Japanese Patients. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:3658-3667. [PMID: 35621684 PMCID: PMC9139622 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29050294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian seromucinous tumors (SMBTs) are relatively rare, and their carcinogenesis is largely unknown. In this study, the molecular features of SMBTs in Japan are assessed. DNA was extracted from microdissected paraffin-embedded sections from 23 SMBT cases. Genetic mutations (KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and ERBB2) were evaluated using Sanger sequencing. Immunohistochemistry for p53, ARID1A, and PTEN was also performed as a surrogate for the loss of functional mutations in these tumor suppressor genes. The prevalence of KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and ERBB2 mutations was 4.3% (1/23), 8.6% (2/23), 8.6% (2/23), and 17.3% (4/23), respectively. Overexpression or loss of p53 expression occurred in 26% (6/23), loss of ARID1A expression in 4.3% (1/23), and none of the cases showed expression of PTEN loss. These findings suggest that KRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA and PTEN mutations are rare carcinogenic events in SMBTs. The high frequency of positive p53 staining and a low frequency of loss of ARID1A staining suggests that SMBT carcinogenesis may be related to the alteration of p53 rather than that of ARID1A. ERBB2 oncogenic mutations may play an important role in the tumorigenesis of Japanese SMBTs.
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“It was a no-brainer”: A Qualitative Study of Factors Driving Previvors’ Decision-Making when Considering Risk-Reducing Salpingectomy with Delayed Oophorectomy. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2022; 40:100948. [PMID: 35265744 PMCID: PMC8898920 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2022.100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-advocacy and building rapport with providers facilitated decision-making for RRS-DO-focused previvors. Avoiding menopause through RRS was a key motivator for RRS-DO-focused previvors. RRS-DO-focused previvors viewed RRS as a stepwise approach to risk reduction. Understanding previvor priorities and experiences can help optimize shared decision-making.
Objective Previvors are becoming more aware of the option of risk-reducing salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy (RRS-DO) to mitigate their risk of ovarian cancer. In this qualitative study, we explored the clinical and non-clinical factors that impacted previvors’ decision-making to pursue RRS-DO as a risk reduction strategy. Methods Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with previvors and transcribed verbatim. Using ATLAS.ti® software, two primary investigators interpreted data through thematic analysis. After coding four interviews, the investigators discussed discrepancies between codes with a moderator and resolved and refined code. The investigators applied the universal codebook to all interviews and revised the codebook using an iterative approach. Examining codes within and across interviews allowed for major themes and patterns to emerge. Results Interviews were conducted with seventeen previvors (ages 31–46). 6 (25%) previvors had a BRCA1 mutation, 7 (41%), a BRCA2 mutation, 3 (13%), a Lynch-related mutation, and 1 (6%), other (MUTYH mutation). At the time of interview, 12 previvors (71%) were planning (6) or had undergone (6) RRS-DO, 4 (23%) were planning (1) or had undergone (3) risk reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), and 1 (6%) was undecided. Three major themes emerged: motivating factors for selecting surgical risk reduction option, barriers complicating surgical decision-making, and facilitating factors for surgical decision-making. RRS-DO-focused previvors prioritized avoiding menopause, and they also emphasized that self-advocacy and building rapport with providers facilitated their decision-making. Conclusion By understanding previvors’ priorities and experiences, physicians can better partner with previvors as they navigate their ovarian cancer risk reduction journey. This will ultimately optimize shared decision-making.
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Comparison of HE4, CA125, ROMA and CPH-I for Preoperative Assessment of Adnexal Tumors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12010226. [PMID: 35054393 PMCID: PMC8774736 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of CA125, HE4, ROMA index and CPH-I index to preoperatively identify epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) or metastatic cancer in the ovary (MCO). (2) METHODS: single center retrospective study, including women with a diagnosis of adnexal mass. We obtained the AUC, sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were of HE4, CA125, ROMA and CPH-I for the diagnosis of EOC and MCO. Subgroup analysis for women harboring adnexal masses with inconclusive diagnosis of malignancy by ultrasound features and Stage I EOC was performed. (3) RESULTS: 1071 patients were included, 852 (79.6%) presented benign/borderline tumors and 219 (20.4%) presented EOC/MCO. AUC for HE4 was higher than for CA125 (0.91 vs. 0.87). No differences were seen between AUC of ROMA and CPH-I, but they were both higher than HE4 AUC. None of the tumor markers alone achieved a sensitivity of 90%; HE4 was highly specific (93.5%). ROMA showed a sensitivity and specificity of 91.1% and 84.6% respectively, while CPH-I showed a sensitivity of 91.1% with 79.2% specificity. For patients with inconclusive diagnosis of malignancy by ultrasound features and with Stage I EOC, ROMA showed the best diagnostic performance (4) CONCLUSIONS: ROMA and CPH-I perform better than tumor markers alone to identify patients harboring EOC or MCO. They can be helpful to assess the risk of malignancy of adnexal masses, especially in cases where ultrasonographic diagnosis is challenging (stage I EOC, inconclusive diagnosis of malignancy by ultrasound features).
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Rashid M, Khan S, Datta D, Thunga G, Chandran VP, Balakrishnan A, Shanbhag V, Acharya RV, Nair S. Efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in acute respiratory distress syndrome: An overview of meta-analyses. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14645. [PMID: 34310805 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence-based recommendations on the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain a therapeutic challenge. Findings from several systematic reviews and meta-analyses are inconsistent. We aimed to assess the published meta-analyses through a systematic review approach and provide further insight into the current uncertainty and also to perform an updated meta-analysis from all the available primary studies. METHODOLOGY We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) guidelines to establish the patients, intervention, control and outcome (PICO) for reviewing published meta-analyses. Data sources such as PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Cochrane and Google Scholar from inception to February 2021 were accessed. Prevention of ARDS, mortality, ventilator-free days, ICU stay and safety in terms of occurrence of adverse effects were the patient-related outcomes. The review also assessed meta-analysis design-related outcomes which includes the quality of meta-analysis, factors contributing to the risk of bias, extent and sources of heterogeneity, publication bias and robustness of findings. AMSTAR-2 checklist assessed the quality of published meta-analyses. RESULTS A total of 18 meta-analyses were reviewed comprising a total of 38 primary studies and 3760 patients. Fourteen studies were in ARDS, three in community-acquired pneumonia and one in critical care. The overall quality of meta-analyses was observed to be critically low to high. A non-significant risk of publication bias and non-significant level of heterogeneity was observed in the reviewed meta-analysis. Corticosteroid was significantly effective in preventing ARDS among CAP patients. The effect of corticosteroids on mortality was observed to be still inconsistent, whereas significant improvement was observed with ICU and ventilator outcomes compared with the control group. Our meta-analysis observed a significant reduction of mortality in RCTs (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.99) and the duration of mechanical ventilation (MD: -4.75; 95% CI: -7.63 to -1.88); and a significant increase in ventilator-free days (MD: 6.03; 95% CI: 3.59 to 8.47) and ICU-free days (MD: 8.04; 95% CI: 2.70 to 13.38) in ARDS patients treated with corticosteroids compared with the control group. CONCLUSION The quality of included studies ranged from critically low to high demonstrating inconsistency in risk of bias. While older studies found no significant effect, recent meta-analyses of RCTs found a significant mortality reduction in the corticosteroid group with considerable levels of heterogeneity. The updated meta-analysis by our team found a significant reduction in mortality in the pooled estimation of RCTs but not in cohort studies. Corticosteroid therapy was effective in terms of ICU and ventilator outcomes with minimal safety concerns. Future meta-analyses should be well executed with specific research questions and well performed with minimal risk of bias to produce good quality evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sohil Khan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Divya Datta
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Girish Thunga
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Viji Pulikkel Chandran
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Athira Balakrishnan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vishal Shanbhag
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Raviraja V Acharya
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sreedharan Nair
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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11
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Hottat NA, Van Pachterbeke C, Vanden Houte K, Denolin V, Jani JC, Cannie MM. Magnetic resonance scoring system for assessment of adnexal masses: added value of diffusion-weighted imaging including apparent diffusion coefficient map. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2021; 57:478-487. [PMID: 32438461 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To validate prospectively the ADNEX magnetic resonance (MR) scoring system to assess adnexal masses and to evaluate a new, modified ADNEX MR scoring system that incorporates diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping. METHODS Between January 2015 and September 2018, 323 consecutive women with adnexal masses diagnosed on transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) underwent standardized MR imaging (MRI) including diffusion and dynamic contrast-enhanced sequences. Of these, 131 underwent subsequent surgery. For interpretation of the MRI examinations, we applied the five-category ADNEX MR scoring system, along with a modified scoring system including DWI with ADC mapping. For both scoring systems, a score was given for all adnexal masses. Histological diagnosis was considered as the gold standard and lesions were classified as benign or malignant. The difference between the predictive values for diagnosing malignancy of the classical and modified scoring systems was assessed on the basis of the areas under the receiver-operating-characteristics (AUC) curves. The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing malignancy of each score were also calculated. RESULTS Among the 131 women with adnexal mass(es) diagnosed on TVS who underwent MRI and subsequent surgery, the surgery revealed 161 adnexal masses in 126 women; five women had no mass. Histological examination confirmed 161 adnexal masses, of which all had been detected on MRI: 32 malignant tumors, 15 borderline tumors, which were classified as part of the malignant group (n = 47), and 114 benign lesions. The AUC for prediction of a malignant lesion was 0.938 (95% CI, 0.902-0.975) using the classical ADNEX MR scoring system and 0.974 (95% CI, 0.953-0.996) using the modified scoring system. Pairwise comparison of these AUCs revealed a significant difference (P = 0.0032). The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing malignancy with an ADNEX MR score of 4 or more were 95.5% and 86.6%, respectively, using the classic scoring system, and 95.7% and 93.3%, respectively, using the modified scoring system. CONCLUSION DWI with ADC mapping could be integrated into the ADNEX MR scoring system to improve specificity, thereby potentially optimizing clinical management by avoiding unnecessary surgery. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Hottat
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Van Pachterbeke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Vanden Houte
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Denolin
- Siemens Healthineers, Beersel, Belgium
| | - J C Jani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M M Cannie
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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12
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An Update on Screening and Prevention for Breast and Gynecological Cancers in Average and High Risk Individuals. Am J Med Sci 2020; 360:489-510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Sana A, Rasheed R, Rafique A, Khaliq T, Jabeen N, Murtaza G. Gynaecological Cancer Diagnostics: 99mTc-Cisplatin Complex as a Future Approach for Early, Prompt and Efficient Diagnosis of Gynaecological Cancer. Curr Med Imaging 2020; 15:611-621. [PMID: 32008509 DOI: 10.2174/1573405614666180809123233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gynaecological cancers (GCCa) are common and have a significant mortality rate all over the world. Early diagnosis of cancer can play a key role in the treatment and survival of a patient. Identification, staging, treatment, and monitoring of gynaecological malignancies is being done successfully by nuclear medicines. DISCUSSION Currently, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) centered imaging techniques are being developed for use in patients with GCCa as a diagnostic tool. The present work elucidates several clinical studies on the use of radiopharmaceuticals, based on their effectiveness, in the early detection and management of GCCa. It also highlights the importance of reconsidering the biology for nuclear imaging as a future modality for early, rapid and efficient diagnosis of gynecological cancers. This comprehensive review is a part of our study designed to detect gynaecological cancers at an early stage using radionuclide complex, 99m Tc-Cisplatin. CONCLUSION This article summarizes the significance of radioscintigraphy such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and PET for identification of GCCa in the experimental humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Sana
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Rasheed
- Institute of Nuclear, Medicines, Oncology and Radiations (INOR), Ayub Medical Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Rafique
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Khaliq
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Jabeen
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
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14
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Yu C, Dou T, Liu Y, Liu R. Clinical value of TV-CDS combined with serum tumor markers in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2028-2034. [PMID: 32724450 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical application value was investigated of transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound (TV-CDS) combined with serum tumor markers carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and osteopontin (OPN) in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer (OC). One hundred and six patients with OC [malignant tumor group (MTG)] and fifty patients with benign ovarian diseases [benign control group (BCG)] were selected. Both groups of patients underwent TV-CDS examination. The lesion morphology and internal structure were observed, and the tumor blood flow signal, resistance index (RI) and pulsability index (PI) under ultrasound were determined. Serum CA125 was detected by electrochemiluminescence, and VEGF and OPN levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The incidence of irregular lesion morphology, unclear boundary, uneven internal echo, microcalcification and side-acoustic images in OC group (OCG) was significantly higher than that in BCG (P<0.01). As for blood flow grading, most patients in the MTG were in grade II and III, while most patients in the BCG were in grade 0. Compared with BCG, the flow RI and PI in the OCG were significantly reduced (P<0.01). The levels of serum CA125, VEGF and OPN in OCG were significantly higher than those in BCG. The expression levels of serum CA125, VEGF and OPN in OC patients with clinical high stage (stage III and IV), poorly differentiated, ascites, recurrence and metastasis were significantly higher than those in patients with clinical low stage (stage I and II), well differentiated, no ascites and no recurrence and metastasis (P<0.05). With the disappearance of the tumor or the decrease of tumor load, the serum marker levels after treatment were significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05). The sensitivity and accuracy of the combined examination in the diagnosis of OC were obviously improved compared with the single and partial combined examinations (P<0.05). In conclusion, combined examination can significantly improve the sensitivity and accuracy of OC, which is conducive to early diagnosis and clinical intervention of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Yu
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, P.R. China
| | - Ting Dou
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, P.R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, P.R. China
| | - Ruirong Liu
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, P.R. China
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15
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Delaney LJ, Machado P, Torkzaban M, Lyshchik A, Wessner CE, Kim C, Rosenblum N, Richard S, Wallace K, Forsberg F. Characterization of Adnexal Masses Using Contrast-Enhanced Subharmonic Imaging: A Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2020; 39:977-985. [PMID: 31769529 PMCID: PMC7174081 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This pilot study evaluated whether contrast-enhanced subharmonic imaging (SHI) could be used to characterize adnexal masses before surgical intervention. METHODS Ten women (with 12 lesions) scheduled for surgery of an ovarian mass underwent an SHI examination of their adnexal region using a modified LOGIQ E9 scanner (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI) with an endocavitary transducer, in which digital clips were acquired by pulse destruction-replenishment SHI across the lesions. Time-intensity curves were created offline to quantitatively evaluate SHI parameters (fractional tumor perfusion, peak contrast intensity, time to peak contrast enhancement, and area under the time-intensity curve), which were compared to pathologic characterizations of the lesions. RESULTS Of the 12 masses, 8 were benign, and 4 were malignant. A qualitative analysis of the SHI images by an experienced radiologist resulted in diagnostic accuracy of 70%, compared to 56% without contrast, whereas an inexperienced radiologist improved from 50% to 58% accuracy, demonstrating the benefit of SHI. A quantitative analysis of SHI parameters produced diagnostic accuracy as high as 81%. Peak contrast intensity was significantly greater in malignant than benign masses (mean ± SD, 0.109 ± 0.088 versus 0.046 ± 0.030 arbitrary units; P = .046). Malignant masses also showed significantly greater perfusion than benign masses (24.79% ± 25.34% versus 7.62% ± 6.50%; P = .045). When the radiologist reads were combined with the most predictive quantitative SHI parameter (percent perfusion), diagnostic accuracy improved to 84% for the experienced radiologist and 96% for the novice radiologist. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that SHI for presurgical characterization of adnexal masses may improve the determination of malignancy and diagnostic accuracy, albeit based on a small sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Delaney
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Priscilla Machado
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mehnoosh Torkzaban
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrej Lyshchik
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Corinne E Wessner
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christine Kim
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Norman Rosenblum
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott Richard
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Flemming Forsberg
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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16
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Zhang H, Wang Z, Wang F, Wang C, Zhang H. IL-6 and IL-8 are involved in JMJD2A-regulated malignancy of ovarian cancer cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 684:108334. [PMID: 32173334 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that histone modification and its related regulators are involved in the progression and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer (OC) cells. Our present study found that the expression of Jumonji C domain-containing 2A (JMJD2A), while not JMJD2B or JMJD2C, is increased in OC cells and tissues as compared with that in their corresponding controls. Knockdown of JMJD2A can decrease proliferation while increase cisplatin (CDDP) sensitivity of OC cells. By screening the expression of cytokines involved in the progression of ovarian cancer, we found that knockdown of JMJD2A can inhibit the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 in ovarian cancer cells. Recombinant IL-6 (rIL-6) and rIL-8 can attenuate si-JMJD2A-suppressed malignancy of OC cells. Mechanistically, JMJD2A can directly bind with the promoter of IL-6 to trigger its transcription. For IL-8, JMJD2A can increase it mRNA stability in OC cells. Collectively, we revealed that JMJD2A can trigger the malignancy of OC cells via upregulation of IL-6 and IL-8. It suggested that JMJD2A might be a potential target for OC treatment and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Antenatal Diagnosis, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, China
| | - Zichao Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, China
| | - Fengxia Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, China
| | - Chengdong Wang
- Department of Antenatal Diagnosis, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Pingyi People's Hospital, Pingyi, 273300, China.
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17
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What information do healthcare professionals need to inform premenopausal women about risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:20-25. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Alkmin S, Brodziski R, Simon H, Hinton D, Goldsmith RH, Patankar M, Campagnola P. Migration dynamics of ovarian epithelial cells on micro-fabricated image-based models of normal and malignant stroma. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:92-104. [PMID: 31568876 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A profound remodeling of the collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM) occurs in human ovarian cancer but it is unknown how this affects migration dynamics and ultimately tumor growth. Here, we investigate the influence of collagen morphology on ovarian cell migration through the use of second harmonic generation (SHG) image-based models of ovarian tumors. The scaffolds are fabricated by multiphoton excited (MPE) polymerization, where the process is akin to 3D printing except it achieves much greater resolution (∼0.5 µm) and utilizes collagen and collagen analogs. We used this technique to create scaffolds with complex 3D submicron features representing the collagen fiber morphology in normal stroma, high risk stroma, benign tumors, and high grade ovarian tumors. We found the highly aligned malignant stromal structure promoted enhanced motility and also increased cell and f-Actin alignment relative to the other tissues. However, using models based on fiber crimping characteristics, we found cells seeded on linear fibers based on normal stromal models yielded the highest degree of alignment but least motility. These results show that both the fiber properties themselves and as well as their overall alignment govern the resulting migration dynamics. These models cannot be synthesized by other conventional fabrication methods and we suggest the MPE image-based fabrication method will enable a variety of studies in cancer biology. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The extracellular matrix collagen in ovarian cancer is highly remodeled but the consequences on cell function remain unknown. It is important to understand the operative cell matrix interactions, as this could lead to better prognostics and better prediction of therapeutic efficacy. We probe migration dynamics using high resolution (∼0.5 µm) multiphoton excited fabrication to synthesize scaffolds whose designs are derived directly from Second Harmonic Generation microscope images of the collagen in normal ovarian tissues as well as benign and malignant tumors. Collectively our results show the importance of the matrix morphology (fiber shape and alignment) on driving cell motility, cell shape and f-Actin alignment. These collagen-based models have complex fiber morphology and cannot be created by conventional fabrication technologies.
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19
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Rentchler EC, Gant KL, Drapkin R, Patankar M, J. Campagnola P. Imaging Collagen Alterations in STICs and High Grade Ovarian Cancers in the Fallopian Tubes by Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111805. [PMID: 31744173 PMCID: PMC6896112 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of high-grade serous ovarian cancers originate in the fallopian tubes, however, the corresponding structural changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) have not been well-characterized. This information could provide new insight into the carcinogenesis and provide the basis for new diagnostic tools. We have previously used the collagen-specific Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy to probe collagen fiber alterations in high-grade serous ovarian cancer and in other ovarian tumors, and showed they could be uniquely identified by machine learning approaches. Here we couple SHG imaging of serous tubal intra-epithelial carcinomas (STICs), high-grade cancers, and normal regions of the fallopian tubes, using three distinct image analysis approaches to form a classification scheme based on the respective collagen fiber morphology. Using a linear discriminant analysis, we achieved near 100% classification accuracy between high-grade disease and the other tissues, where the STICs and normal regions were differentiated with ~75% accuracy. Importantly, the collagen in high-grade disease in both the fallopian tube and the ovary itself have a similar collagen morphology, further substantiating the metastasis between these sites. This analysis provides a new method of classification, but also quantifies the structural changes in the disease, which may provide new insight into metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C. Rentchler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Kristal L. Gant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (K.L.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Manish Patankar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (K.L.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Paul J. Campagnola
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
- Correspondence:
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20
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Wang Y, Li L, Douville C, Cohen JD, Yen TT, Kinde I, Sundfelt K, Kjær SK, Hruban RH, Shih IM, Wang TL, Kurman RJ, Springer S, Ptak J, Popoli M, Schaefer J, Silliman N, Dobbyn L, Tanner EJ, Angarita A, Lycke M, Jochumsen K, Afsari B, Danilova L, Levine DA, Jardon K, Zeng X, Arseneau J, Fu L, Diaz LA, Karchin R, Tomasetti C, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Fader AN, Gilbert L, Papadopoulos N. Evaluation of liquid from the Papanicolaou test and other liquid biopsies for the detection of endometrial and ovarian cancers. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/433/eaap8793. [PMID: 29563323 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aap8793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the detection of endometrial and ovarian cancers based on genetic analyses of DNA recovered from the fluids obtained during a routine Papanicolaou (Pap) test. The new test, called PapSEEK, incorporates assays for mutations in 18 genes as well as an assay for aneuploidy. In Pap brush samples from 382 endometrial cancer patients, 81% [95% confidence interval (CI), 77 to 85%] were positive, including 78% of patients with early-stage disease. The sensitivity in 245 ovarian cancer patients was 33% (95% CI, 27 to 39%), including 34% of patients with early-stage disease. In contrast, only 1.4% of 714 women without cancer had positive Pap brush samples (specificity, ~99%). Next, we showed that intrauterine sampling with a Tao brush increased the detection of malignancy over endocervical sampling with a Pap brush: 93% of 123 (95% CI, 87 to 97%) patients with endometrial cancer and 45% of 51 (95% CI, 31 to 60%) patients with ovarian cancer were positive, whereas none of the samples from 125 women without cancer were positive (specificity, 100%). Finally, in 83 ovarian cancer patients in whom plasma was available, circulating tumor DNA was found in 43% of patients (95% CI, 33 to 55%). When plasma and Pap brush samples were both tested, the sensitivity for ovarian cancer increased to 63% (95% CI, 51 to 73%). These results demonstrate the potential of mutation-based diagnostics to detect gynecologic cancers at a stage when they are more likely to be curable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Wang
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Lu Li
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christopher Douville
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Joshua D Cohen
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ting-Tai Yen
- Kelly Gynecologic Oncology Service, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | | | - Karin Sundfelt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 405 30, Sweden
| | - Susanne K Kjær
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.,Unit of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Robert J Kurman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Simeon Springer
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Janine Ptak
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Maria Popoli
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Joy Schaefer
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Natalie Silliman
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Lisa Dobbyn
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Edward J Tanner
- Kelly Gynecologic Oncology Service, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ana Angarita
- Kelly Gynecologic Oncology Service, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Maria Lycke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 405 30, Sweden
| | - Kirsten Jochumsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Bahman Afsari
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ludmila Danilova
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Centre, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kris Jardon
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oncology, and Pathology, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Xing Zeng
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oncology, and Pathology, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jocelyne Arseneau
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oncology, and Pathology, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Lili Fu
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oncology, and Pathology, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Luis A Diaz
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Rachel Karchin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Cristian Tomasetti
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Kenneth W Kinzler
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Amanda N Fader
- Kelly Gynecologic Oncology Service, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Lucy Gilbert
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oncology, and Pathology, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - Nickolas Papadopoulos
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Jafari M, Hasanzadeh M, Solhi E, Hassanpour S, Shadjou N, Mokhtarzadeh A, Jouyban A, Mahboob S. Ultrasensitive bioassay of epitope of Mucin-16 protein (CA 125) in human plasma samples using a novel immunoassay based on silver conductive nano-ink: A new platform in early stage diagnosis of ovarian cancer and efficient management. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 126:1255-1265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Jatoi I, Anderson WF, Miller AB, Brawley OW. The history of cancer screening. Curr Probl Surg 2019; 56:138-163. [PMID: 30922446 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Jatoi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Dale H. Dorn Endowed Chair in Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX.
| | - William F Anderson
- National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, MA
| | - Anthony B Miller
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Otis W Brawley
- Michael Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of Oncology and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA
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Lim V, Zhu H, Diao S, Hu L, Hu J. PKP3 interactions with MAPK-JNK-ERK1/2-mTOR pathway regulates autophagy and invasion in ovarian cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 508:646-653. [PMID: 30527804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Armadillo-related proteins function in both signal transduction and cell adhesion, it also plays a central role in tumorigenesis. Plakophilin 3 (PKP3) is a member of the armadillo protein family. PKP3 has demonstrated a role in melanoma, breast cancer, gastric cancer, and other kind of cancers; however its role in ovarian cancer was not fully understood. In this study we explored the function and mechanisms of PKP3 in ovarian cancer. An elevated level of PKP3 was found in ovarian cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. PKP3 also modulate cellular proliferation and invasion in ovarian cancer. The ability of cellular proliferation, formation, and invasion was significantly decreased after the silencing of PKP3 in SKOV3 cells. While an over-expression of PKP3 in A2780 cells up-regulates the ability of cellular proliferation, formation, and invasion. As for the mechanism of PKP3, mTOR pathway was activated to regulate autophagy according to the interaction of PKP3 with the upstream of MAPK pathway. The result of this study support PKP3 as the oncogene candidate and a potential target for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Lim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongtao Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Diao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jianguo Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Hereditary Cancers in Gynecology: What Physicians Should Know About Genetic Testing, Screening, and Risk Reduction. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2018; 45:155-173. [PMID: 29428283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Obstetrician gynecologists play a critical role in the identification of women who may carry a germline mutation placing them at an increased lifetime risk of gynecologic and nongynecologic cancers. Given this, all gynecologists must have a basic understanding of the most common hereditary cancer syndromes, the associated cancer risks, and possible risk-reducing interventions to play a proactive role in the care of these women. This article presents general guidelines and potential tools for identification of high-risk patients, reviews the current literature regarding genetic mutations associated with gynecologic malignancies, and proposes screening and risk-reduction options for high-risk patients.
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25
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Adnexal lesions: Imaging strategies for ultrasound and MR imaging. Diagn Interv Imaging 2018; 100:635-646. [PMID: 30177450 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Adnexal lesions are routinely encountered in general practice. Ultrasound is the first line of investigation in determining the benign or malignant potential of an adnexal lesion. In the cases of classic simple cysts, hemorrhagic cysts, endometriomas, dermoids and obviously malignant lesions, ultrasound may be sufficient for management recommendations. In cases where there is an isolated adnexal lesion, without peritoneal disease or serum CA-125 elevation, and in lesions considered indeterminate on ultrasound, MR imaging with incorporation of the ADNEx MR score can increase the specificity for the diagnosis of benignity or malignancy. This article will review the imaging evaluation of adnexal lesions and how to incorporate the ADNEx MR score to help guide clinical management.
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A systematic approach to adnexal masses discovered on ultrasound: the ADNEx MR scoring system. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018; 43:679-695. [PMID: 28900696 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-017-1272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Adnexal lesions are a common occurrence in radiology practice and imaging plays a crucial role in triaging women appropriately. Current trends toward early detection and characterization have increased the need for accurate imaging assessment of adnexal lesions prior to treatment. Ultrasound is the first-line imaging modality for assessing adnexal lesions; however, approximately 20% of lesions are incompletely characterized after ultrasound evaluation. Secondary assessment with MR imaging using the ADNEx MR Scoring System has been demonstrated as highly accurate in the characterization of adnexal lesions and in excluding ovarian cancer. This review will address the role of MR imaging in further assessment of adnexal lesions discovered on US, and the utility of the ADNEx MR Scoring System.
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Sadowski EA, Paroder V, Patel-Lippmann K, Robbins JB, Barroilhet L, Maddox E, McMahon T, Sampene E, Wasnik AP, Blaty AD, Maturen KE. Indeterminate Adnexal Cysts at US: Prevalence and Characteristics of Ovarian Cancer. Radiology 2018; 287:1041-1049. [PMID: 29480762 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018172271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To assess the prevalence of indeterminate adnexal cysts in women presenting to academic medical centers for pelvic ultrasonography (US), determine the incidence of malignancy, and identify cyst and patient characteristics that are predictive of malignancy. Materials and Methods A multicenter study of US-detected adnexal cysts with appropriate follow-up (surgical pathologic examination, imaging and/or clinical examination) was conducted from January 2008 to June 2012. Indeterminate cysts were classified as category 1 (typical benign appearing cysts >5 cm) or category 2 (cysts with avascular solid components) on the basis of a combination of definitions in the existing literature. The incidence of neoplasms and malignant tumors was calculated. Patient and cyst characteristics associated with neoplasm and malignant tumors were evaluated with the χ2 test or Fisher exact test for categorical variables and the t test for continuous variables. A backward stepwise logistic regression model was performed for two outcomes: (a) the presence of any neoplasm (benign or malignant) and (b) the presence of a malignant tumor. Results There were 1637 women with an adnexal cyst at US; 391 (mean age = 41.8 years ± 13.5.1; range = 17-91 years) had an indeterminate adnexal cyst at US. The prevalence of indeterminate adnexal cysts was 23.9% (391 of 1637; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22, 0.26). Three hundred three indeterminate cysts in 280 women (mean age = 42.9 years ± 14.1; range = 17-88 years) had adequate follow-up. The incidence of ovarian neoplasms (benign and malignant) was 24.8% (75 of 303 cysts; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.30), and the incidence of malignant tumors was 3.6% (11 of 303 cysts; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.06). The proportion of ovarian neoplasms differed between category 1 and category 2 cysts (17.5% [25 of 143 cysts; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.25] vs 31.3% [50 of 160 cysts; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.39], respectively; P = .001). The proportion of malignant tumors differed between categories 1 and 2 cysts (0% [0 of 143 cysts] vs 6.9% [11 of 160 cysts; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.12]; P < .001). The presence of an avascular nodular component was a significant predictor of malignancy at stepwise logistic regression analysis (odds ratio = 2.83; P ≤ .0001; 95% CI: 1.69, 4.70). Conclusion The presence of an avascular nodular component was the most significant predictor of the presence of malignancy in indeterminate adnexal cysts. The risk of malignancy is higher with category 2 cysts than with category 1 cysts. © RSNA, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Sadowski
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Viktoriya Paroder
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Krupa Patel-Lippmann
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Jessica B Robbins
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Lisa Barroilhet
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Elizabeth Maddox
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Timothy McMahon
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Emmanuel Sampene
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Ashish P Wasnik
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Alexander D Blaty
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Katherine E Maturen
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.A.S., J.B.R., E.M.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.S., L.B.), and Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (E.S.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Clinical Science Center, E3/372, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (V.P., T.M.); Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (K.P.L.); Department of Radiology (A.P.W., A.D.B., K.E.M.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
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Selected reaction monitoring approach for validating peptide biomarkers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:13519-13524. [PMID: 29203663 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1712731114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We here describe a selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based approach for the discovery and validation of peptide biomarkers for cancer. The first stage of this approach is the direct identification of candidate peptides through comparison of proteolytic peptides derived from the plasma of cancer patients or healthy individuals. Several hundred candidate peptides were identified through this method, providing challenges for choosing and validating the small number of peptides that might prove diagnostically useful. To accomplish this validation, we used 2D chromatography coupled with SRM of candidate peptides. We applied this approach, called sequential analysis of fractionated eluates by SRM (SAFE-SRM), to plasma from cancer patients and discovered two peptides encoded by the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (PPIA) gene whose abundance was increased in the plasma of ovarian cancer patients. At optimal thresholds, elevated levels of at least one of these two peptides was detected in 43 (68.3%) of 63 women with ovarian cancer but in none of 50 healthy controls. In addition to providing a potential biomarker for ovarian cancer, this approach is generally applicable to the discovery of peptides characteristic of various disease states.
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Abramowicz JS, Timmerman D. Ovarian mass-differentiating benign from malignant: the value of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis ultrasound rules. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 217:652-660. [PMID: 28735703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, the fifth most common cause of cancer death among women, has the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic cancers. General survival rate is <50% but can reach 90% if disease is detected early. Ultrasound is presently the best modality to differentiate between benign and malignant status. The patient with a malignant mass should be referred to an oncology surgeon since results have been shown to be superior to treatment by a specialist. Several ultrasound-based scoring systems exist for assessing the risk of an ovarian tumor to be malignant. The International Ovarian Tumor Analysis group published 2 such systems: the ultrasound Simple Rules and the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa model. The Simple Rules classifies a tumor as benign, malignant, or indeterminate and the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa model determines the risk for a tumor to be benign or malignant and, if malignant, the risk of various stages. Sensitivity of the Simple Rules and Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa model (using a cut-off of 10% to predict malignancy) are 92% and 96.5%, respectively, and specificities are 96% and 71.3%, respectively. These models are the best predictive tests for the preoperative classification of adnexal tumors. Their intent is to help the specialist make management decisions when faced with a patient with a persistent ovarian mass. The models are simple, are easy to use, and have been validated in multiple reports but not in the United States. We suggest they should be validated and widely introduced into medical practice in the United States.
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Hiramatsu K, Serada S, Enomoto T, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa S, Nojima S, Morimoto A, Matsuzaki S, Yokoyama T, Takahashi T, Fujimoto M, Takemori H, Ueda Y, Yoshino K, Morii E, Kimura T, Naka T. LSR Antibody Therapy Inhibits Ovarian Epithelial Tumor Growth by Inhibiting Lipid Uptake. Cancer Res 2017; 78:516-527. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Campbell KR, Campagnola PJ. Assessing local stromal alterations in human ovarian cancer subtypes via second harmonic generation microscopy and analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:1-7. [PMID: 29188658 PMCID: PMC5847644 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.11.116008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The collagen architecture in all human ovarian cancers is substantially remodeled, where these alterations are manifested in different fiber widths, fiber patterns, and fibril size and packing. Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has differentiated normal tissues from high-grade serous (HGS) tumors with high accuracy; however, the classification between low-grade serous, endometrioid, and benign tumors was less successful. We postulate this is due to known higher genetic variation in these tissues relative to HGS tumors, which are genetically similar, and this results in more heterogeneous collagen remodeling in the respective matrix. Here, we examine fiber widths and SHG emission intensity and directionality locally within images (e.g., 10×10 microns) and show that normal tissues and HGS tumors are more uniform in fiber properties as well as in fibril size and packing than the other tissues. Moreover, these distributions are in good agreement with phase matching considerations relating SHG emission directionality and intensity. The findings show that in addition to average collagen assembly properties the intrinsic heterogeneity must also be considered as another aspect of characterization. These local analyses showed differences not shown in pure intensity-based image analyses and may provide further insight into disease etiology of the different tumor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby R. Campbell
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Paul J. Campagnola
- University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Paul J. Campagnola, E-mail:
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Ring KL, Garcia C, Thomas MH, Modesitt SC. Current and future role of genetic screening in gynecologic malignancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 217:512-521. [PMID: 28411145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The world of hereditary cancers has seen exponential growth in recent years. While hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and Lynch syndrome account for the majority of mutations encountered by gynecologists, newly identified deleterious genetic mutations continue to be unearthed with their associated risks of malignancies. However, these advances in genetic cancer predispositions then force practitioners and their patients to confront the uncertainties of these less commonly identified mutations and the fact that there is limited evidence to guide them in expected cancer risk and appropriate risk-reduction strategies. Given the speed of information, it is imperative to involve cancer genetics experts when counseling these patients. In addition, coordination of screening and care in conjunction with specialty high-risk clinics, if available, allows for patients to have centralized management for multiple cancer risks under the guidance of physicians with experience counseling these patients. The objective of this review is to present the current literature regarding genetic mutations associated with gynecologic malignancies as well to propose screening and risk-reduction options for these high-risk patients.
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33
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Hoskins PJ, Gotlieb WH. Missed therapeutic and prevention opportunities in women with BRCA-mutated epithelial ovarian cancer and their families due to low referral rates for genetic counseling and BRCA testing: A review of the literature. CA Cancer J Clin 2017; 67:493-506. [PMID: 28881380 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Fifteen percent of women with epithelial ovarian cancer have inherited mutations in the BRCA breast cancer susceptibility genes. Knowledge of her BRCA status has value both for the woman and for her family. A therapeutic benefit exists for the woman with cancer, because a new family of oral drugs, the poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, has recently been approved, and these drugs have the greatest efficacy in women who carry the mutation. For her family, there is the potential to prevent ovarian cancer in those carrying the mutation by using risk-reducing surgery. Such surgery significantly reduces the chance of developing this, for the most part, incurable cancer. Despite these potential benefits, referral rates for genetic counseling and subsequent BRCA testing are low, ranging from 10% to 30%, indicating that these therapeutic and prevention opportunities are being missed. The authors have reviewed the relevant available literature. Topics discussed are BRCA and its relation to ovarian cancer, the rates of referral for genetic counseling/BRCA testing, reasons for these low rates, potential strategies to improve on those rates, lack of effectiveness of current screening strategies, the pros and cons of risk-reducing surgery, other prevention options, and the role and value of PARP inhibitors. CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:493-506. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Hoskins
- Medical Oncologist and Past President, Society of Gynecologic Oncology Canada, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Center, BC, Canada
| | - Walter H Gotlieb
- Gynecologic Oncologist and President, Society of Gynecologic Oncology Canada, McGill University, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Masch WR, Daye D, Lee SI. MR Imaging for Incidental Adnexal Mass Characterization. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2017; 25:521-543. [PMID: 28668158 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Incidentally detected adnexal masses are common, and the overwhelming majority of them are benign. As many of these adnexal masses are considered indeterminate at CT or US, a large number of benign oophorectomies occur. Of the malignant adnexal masses, high-grade primary ovarian neoplasms with fast doubling times and early dissemination are the most common. Due to their aggressive behavior, diagnosis of malignancy by interval growth on surveillance imaging represents an undesirable option. Immediate MR characterization allows for a decreased rate of benign oophorectomies and expedited triage of patients to definitive treatment when malignancy is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Masch
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, UH B2A205G, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5030, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Dania Daye
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Susanna I Lee
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Gordts S, Campo R, Bogers JP, Tanos V, Segaert I, Valkenburg M, Puttemans P, Gordts S. Transvaginal laparoscopy: A minimally invasive approach to obtain brush cytology of the Fallopian tube. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017; 212:80-84. [PMID: 28342394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate in a prospective pilot study the feasibility of cytobrushing of the fimbrial end using a transvaginal endoscopic access. STUDY DESIGN Prospective feasibility study. The procedure was performed in a consecutive series of 15 infertile women referred for a transvaginal laparoscopy as part of their fertility investigation. Tubal cells were collected using a 5Fr cytobrush. Cytology and immunocytochemistry was done. RESULTS In all patients enough cell material was obtained for analysis, without traumatizing the fimbrial end. Specimens showed the presence of a sufficient amount of cells enabling standard cytologic examinations and immunocytochemistry (Ki 67, p53). CONCLUSION Fimbrial cytobrushing using the transvaginal approach is an easy and minimally invasive procedure. The easy accessibility of the fimbrial end and the distal ampullary part at TVL allows an accurate collection of tubal epithelial cells. In view of the recent data reporting the Fallopian tube and more specifically the fimbrial end as a possible origin of ovarian carcinoma, further research is needed to evaluate the potential of this technique as a possible screening method for patients at risk for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Gordts
- Life Expert Centre, Schipvaartstraat 4, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Rudi Campo
- Life Expert Centre, Schipvaartstraat 4, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J P Bogers
- Department Histology & Cytology, AML, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vasilis Tanos
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Evagelistria Medical Center, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Isabelle Segaert
- Unit Reproductive Medicine, Heilig Hart Hospital, Naamsestraat 105, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marion Valkenburg
- Life Expert Centre, Schipvaartstraat 4, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Unit Reproductive Medicine, Heilig Hart Hospital, Naamsestraat 105, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Puttemans
- Unit Reproductive Medicine, Heilig Hart Hospital, Naamsestraat 105, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Gordts
- Unit Reproductive Medicine, Heilig Hart Hospital, Naamsestraat 105, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Smith RA, Andrews KS, Brooks D, Fedewa SA, Manassaram-Baptiste D, Saslow D, Brawley OW, Wender RC. Cancer screening in the United States, 2017: A review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening. CA Cancer J Clin 2017; 67:100-121. [PMID: 28170086 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Each year, the American Cancer Society publishes a summary of its guidelines for early cancer detection, data and trends in cancer screening rates, and select issues related to cancer screening. In this issue of the journal, the authors summarize current American Cancer Society cancer screening guidelines, describe an update of their guideline for using human papillomavirus vaccination for cancer prevention, describe updates in US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations for breast and colorectal cancer screening, discuss interim findings from the UK Collaborative Trial on Ovarian Cancer Screening, and provide the latest data on utilization of cancer screening from the National Health Interview Survey. CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:100-121. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Smith
- Vice President, Cancer Screening, Cancer Control Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kimberly S Andrews
- Director, Cancer Control Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Durado Brooks
- Managing Director, Cancer Control Intervention, Cancer Control Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Stacey A Fedewa
- Director for Risk Factor Screening and Surveillance, Department of Epidemiology and Research Surveillance, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Debbie Saslow
- Senior Director, HPV Related and Women's Cancer, Cancer Control Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Otis W Brawley
- Chief Medical Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Richard C Wender
- Chief Cancer Control Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
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Tilbury KB, Campbell KR, Eliceiri KW, Salih SM, Patankar M, Campagnola PJ. Stromal alterations in ovarian cancers via wavelength dependent Second Harmonic Generation microscopy and optical scattering. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:102. [PMID: 28166758 PMCID: PMC5294710 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer remains the most deadly gynecological cancer with a poor aggregate survival rate; however, the specific rates are highly dependent on the stage of the disease upon diagnosis. Current screening and imaging tools are insufficient to detect early lesions and are not capable of differentiating the subtypes of ovarian cancer that may benefit from specific treatments. METHOD As an alternative to current screening and imaging tools, we utilized wavelength dependent collagen-specific Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) imaging microscopy and optical scattering measurements to probe the structural differences in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of normal stroma, benign tumors, endometrioid tumors, and low and high-grade serous tumors. RESULTS The SHG signatures of the emission directionality and conversion efficiency as well as the optical scattering are related to the organization of collagen on the sub-micron size scale and encode structural information. The wavelength dependence of these readouts adds additional characterization of the size and distribution of collagen fibrils/fibers relative to the interrogating wavelengths. We found a strong wavelength dependence of these metrics that are related to significant structural differences in the collagen organization and are consistent with the dualistic classification of type I and II serous tumors. Moreover, type I endometrioid tumors have strongly differing ECM architecture than the serous malignancies. The SHG metrics and optical scattering measurements were used to form a linear discriminant model to classify the tissues, and we obtained high accuracy (>90%) between high-grade serous tumors from the other tissue types. High-grade serous tumors account for ~70% of ovarian cancers, and this delineation has potential clinical applications in terms of supplementing histological analysis, understanding the etiology, as well as development of an in vivo screening tool. CONCLUSIONS SHG and optical scattering measurements provide sub-resolution information and when combined provide superior diagnostic power over clinical imaging modalities. Additionally the measurements are able to delineate the different subtypes of ovarian cancer and may potentially assist in treatment protocols. Understanding the altered collagen assembly can supplement histological analysis and provide new insight into the etiology. These methods could become an in vivo screening tool for earlier detection which is important since ovarian malignancies can metastasize while undetectable by current clinical imaging resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karissa B Tilbury
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Kirby R Campbell
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.,Medical Physics Department, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.,Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard Street, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Sana M Salih
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Manish Patankar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Paul J Campagnola
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA. .,Medical Physics Department, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Kurman RJ, Shih IM. The Dualistic Model of Ovarian Carcinogenesis: Revisited, Revised, and Expanded. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:733-47. [PMID: 27012190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 647] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Since our proposal of a dualistic model of epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis more than a decade ago, a large number of molecular and histopathologic studies were published that have provided important insights into the origin and molecular pathogenesis of this disease. This has required that the original model be revised and expanded to incorporate these findings. The new model divides type I tumors into three groups: i) endometriosis-related tumors that include endometrioid, clear cell, and seromucinous carcinomas; ii) low-grade serous carcinomas; and iii) mucinous carcinomas and malignant Brenner tumors. As in the previous model, type II tumors are composed, for the most part, of high-grade serous carcinomas that can be further subdivided into morphologic and molecular subtypes. Type I tumors develop from benign extraovarian lesions that implant on the ovary and which can subsequently undergo malignant transformation, whereas many type II carcinomas develop from intraepithelial carcinomas in the fallopian tube and, as a result, disseminate as carcinomas that involve the ovary and extraovarian sites, which probably accounts for their clinically aggressive behavior. The new molecular genetic data, especially those derived from next-generation sequencing, further underline the heterogeneity of ovarian cancer and identify actionable mutations. The dualistic model highlights these differences between type I and type II tumors which, it can be argued, describe entirely different groups of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Kurman
- Departments of Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics and Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Departments of Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics and Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
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Kurman RJ, Shih IM. The Dualistic Model of Ovarian Carcinogenesis: Revisited, Revised, and Expanded. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016. [PMID: 27012190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.11.011] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since our proposal of a dualistic model of epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis more than a decade ago, a large number of molecular and histopathologic studies were published that have provided important insights into the origin and molecular pathogenesis of this disease. This has required that the original model be revised and expanded to incorporate these findings. The new model divides type I tumors into three groups: i) endometriosis-related tumors that include endometrioid, clear cell, and seromucinous carcinomas; ii) low-grade serous carcinomas; and iii) mucinous carcinomas and malignant Brenner tumors. As in the previous model, type II tumors are composed, for the most part, of high-grade serous carcinomas that can be further subdivided into morphologic and molecular subtypes. Type I tumors develop from benign extraovarian lesions that implant on the ovary and which can subsequently undergo malignant transformation, whereas many type II carcinomas develop from intraepithelial carcinomas in the fallopian tube and, as a result, disseminate as carcinomas that involve the ovary and extraovarian sites, which probably accounts for their clinically aggressive behavior. The new molecular genetic data, especially those derived from next-generation sequencing, further underline the heterogeneity of ovarian cancer and identify actionable mutations. The dualistic model highlights these differences between type I and type II tumors which, it can be argued, describe entirely different groups of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Kurman
- Departments of Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics and Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Departments of Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics and Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
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Kurman RJ, Shih IM. The Dualistic Model of Ovarian Carcinogenesis: Revisited, Revised, and Expanded. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016. [PMID: 27012190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.11.011]+[] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Since our proposal of a dualistic model of epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis more than a decade ago, a large number of molecular and histopathologic studies were published that have provided important insights into the origin and molecular pathogenesis of this disease. This has required that the original model be revised and expanded to incorporate these findings. The new model divides type I tumors into three groups: i) endometriosis-related tumors that include endometrioid, clear cell, and seromucinous carcinomas; ii) low-grade serous carcinomas; and iii) mucinous carcinomas and malignant Brenner tumors. As in the previous model, type II tumors are composed, for the most part, of high-grade serous carcinomas that can be further subdivided into morphologic and molecular subtypes. Type I tumors develop from benign extraovarian lesions that implant on the ovary and which can subsequently undergo malignant transformation, whereas many type II carcinomas develop from intraepithelial carcinomas in the fallopian tube and, as a result, disseminate as carcinomas that involve the ovary and extraovarian sites, which probably accounts for their clinically aggressive behavior. The new molecular genetic data, especially those derived from next-generation sequencing, further underline the heterogeneity of ovarian cancer and identify actionable mutations. The dualistic model highlights these differences between type I and type II tumors which, it can be argued, describe entirely different groups of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Kurman
- Departments of Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics and Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Departments of Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics and Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
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Bhatt P, Vhora I, Patil S, Amrutiya J, Bhattacharya C, Misra A, Mashru R. Role of antibodies in diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer: Basic approach and clinical status. J Control Release 2016; 226:148-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Smith RA, Andrews K, Brooks D, DeSantis CE, Fedewa SA, Lortet-Tieulent J, Manassaram-Baptiste D, Brawley OW, Wender RC. Cancer screening in the United States, 2016: A review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening. CA Cancer J Clin 2016; 66:96-114. [PMID: 26797525 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Each year the American Cancer Society (ACS) publishes a summary of its guidelines for early cancer detection, data and trends in cancer screening rates, and select issues related to cancer screening. In this issue of the journal, we summarize current ACS cancer screening guidelines, including the update of the breast cancer screening guideline, discuss quality issues in colorectal cancer screening and new developments in lung cancer screening, and provide the latest data on utilization of cancer screening from the National Health Interview Survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Smith
- Vice President, Cancer Screening, Cancer Control Department, American Cancer Society Atlanta, GA
| | - Kimberly Andrews
- Director, Cancer Control Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Durado Brooks
- Managing Director, Cancer Control Intervention, Cancer Control Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Carol E DeSantis
- Senior Epidemiologist, Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Stacey A Fedewa
- Director for Risk Factor Screening and Surveillance, Department of Epidemiology and Research Surveillance, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Joannie Lortet-Tieulent
- Senior Epidemiologist, Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Otis W Brawley
- Chief Medical Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Richard C Wender
- Chief Cancer Control Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
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Ruan Z, Liu J, Kuang Y. Isolation and characterization of side population cells from the human ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:2071-2078. [PMID: 26668597 PMCID: PMC4665172 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most malignant type of gynecological tumor due to its high recurrence rate following initial treatment. Previous studies have indicated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be a potential cause underlying the high proportion of recurrence. Side population (SP) cells isolated from cancer cell lines have been shown to exhibit characteristics associated with CSCs, but studies on SP cells in human ovarian SK-OV-3 cell line are limited. In the present study, the SP cell fraction (4.83% of the total cell population) was isolated using flow cytometry, and analyzed by immunocytochemical analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that SP cells exhibited a high mean fluorescence intensity for CD44, a CSC marker, in addition to elevated expression of the CSCs-associated genes, ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 and Nestin. These findings indicated the stem cell-like features of the SP cells. Furthermore, a colony formation test showed that the isolated SP cells possessed a marked capacity for self-regeneration and proliferation. In addition, a cell cycle assay involving cisplatin indicated that the SP cells were strongly resistant to chemotherapy. In conclusion, the present results suggested that SP cells isolated from the SK-OV-3 cell line exhibited properties typically associated with CSCs. Therefore, the isolated SP cells may be used to provide novel insight into potential therapies against OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Ruan
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Kuang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Salehi HS, Kumavor PD, Li H, Alqasemi U, Wang T, Xu C, Zhu Q. Design of optimal light delivery system for co-registered transvaginal ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging of ovarian tissue. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2015; 3:114-22. [PMID: 26640774 PMCID: PMC4595518 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A hand-held transvaginal probe suitable for co-registered photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging of ovarian tissue was designed and evaluated. The imaging probe consists of an ultrasound transducer and four 1-mm-core multi-mode optical fibers both housed in a custom-made sheath. The probe was optimized for the highest light delivery output and best beam uniformity on tissue surface, by simulating the light fluence and power output for different design parameters. The laser fluence profiles were experimentally measured through chicken breast tissue and calibrated intralipid solution at various imaging depths. Polyethylene tubing filled with rat blood mimicking a blood vessel was successfully imaged up to ∼30 mm depth through porcine vaginal tissue at 750 nm. This imaging depth was achieved with a laser fluence on the tissue surface of 20 mJ/cm(2), which is below the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of 25 mJ/cm(2) recommended by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Furthermore, the probe imaging capability was verified with ex vivo imaging of benign and malignant human ovaries. The co-registered images clearly showed different vasculature distributions on the surface of the benign cyst and the malignant ovary. These results suggest that our imaging system has the clinical potential for in vivo imaging and characterization of ovarian tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan S. Salehi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Patrick D. Kumavor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Umar Alqasemi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Tianheng Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Quing Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Corresponding author. Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA; Tel.: +860-486-5523; fax: +860-486-2447.
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Feng Y, He F, Wu H, Huang H, Zhang L, Han X, Liu J. GOLPH3L is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. J Cancer 2015; 6:893-900. [PMID: 26284141 PMCID: PMC4532987 DOI: 10.7150/jca.11865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) is a highly conserved membrane protein that is involved in a variety of cancers such as colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. GOLPH3L is a paralog of GOLPH3. Although these proteins share a similar amino acid sequence, much less is known regarding the subcellular functions or effects of GOLPH3L on cancer compared with GOLPH3. The role of GOLPH3L in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has not yet been investigated. METHODS Using western blot, PCR and immunohistochemical analyses, we studied the clinical significance of GOLPH3L expression in EOC. The correlations between GOLPH3L expression and the clinicopathological variables of patients with EOC were assessed using Pearson's χ2 test. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the postoperative survival between groups of patients with EOC with varying levels of GOLPH3L expression. RESULTS High expression of GOLPH3L was more frequently observed in EOC tissues than in corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues. The expression of GOLPH3L correlated closely with pre-operative CA125 level (P=0.031). Univariate analysis showed that age, FIGO stage, pre-operative cancer antigen (CA) 125, pre-operative albumin concentration (AC), optimal cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and GOLPH3L expression correlate significantly with overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that GOLPH3L expression was an independent prognostic factor for OS of patients with EOC (102 months versus 72 months; P=0.013). What's more, knocked down of GOLPH3L with small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology of OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cell lines reduced cell viability obviously, compared to the negative control and blank control groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that increased expression of GOLPH3L is associated with poor prognosis of patients with EOC and may act as a novel, useful and independent prognostic indicator. Therefore, further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Feng
- 1. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fan He
- 2. Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Huini Wu
- 3. Department of Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - He Huang
- 1. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- 1. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xian Han
- 4. Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jihong Liu
- 1. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Differentiating between benign and malignant adnexal lesions with contrast-enhanced transvaginal ultrasonography. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2015; 131:147-51. [PMID: 26254725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between contrast kinetics in tumorous vessels and lesion histologic type in an attempt to differentiate between malignant and benign disease. METHODS In a single-center prospective study, patients who had been referred for elective surgery because of a diagnosis of unilateral and/or bilateral adnexal masses were enrolled at Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland, between January 2012 and September 2013. Participants underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasonography examination (CEUS). Contrast kinetics were obtained and compared with the neovascularization of the tumor. Accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. RESULTS Among 160 enrolled patients, 84 underwent CEUS examination and 51 lesions were studied. Baseline and maximum color Doppler intensities were significantly higher in malignant than in benign tumors (P < 0.001 for both). Similarly, the absolute and relative increases in color Doppler intensity were significantly higher in malignant tumors (P < 0.001). The estimated positive predictive value was 97.1%, the negative predictive value was 100%, and the accuracy was 100%. Peak enhanced intensity of fractional color Doppler Area and area under the time-intensity curve (S-parameter) correlated significantly with the histology of the lesion (P < 0.001). Probability curves demonstrated that higher S-parameter values were correlated with a higher risk of malignancy. CONCLUSION Transvaginal CEUS is a reliable and reproducible way to differentiate between benign and malignant adnexal lesions.
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Chu MM, Fishman D. Risk assessment for epithelial ovarian cancer: proposing a new approach to a deadly problem. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl 2015; 244:63-7; discussion 66-7. [PMID: 25083896 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2014.936688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Presently the majority of women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have advanced stage disease (III-IV) with a poor 5-year survival rate (12-30 %). This significantly contrasts when early stage disease is detected, which has a 5-year survival rate approximating 90 %. Therefore, detection of early stage disease is critical to making an impact on outcome. By using genetic algorithms, modifications of transvaginal ultrasonography and use of novel biomarkers, we propose a risk assessment profile to identify at-risk women and enable ovarian cancer screening to become a reality. Such a novel algorithm starts by applying classic genetic pedigree assessment and uses a panel of multiple biomarkers that identify both phenotypic and genotypic expression of high-risk markers followed with conventional ultrasound and advanced ultrasound techniques such as microvascular contrast-enhancement as a secondary test. We presently employ a multidisciplinary program incorporating genetics, molecular biology, tumor immunology, gynecologic oncology and diagnostic imaging to identify asymptomatic high risk women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Chu
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science , New York , USA
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JAMMAL MILLENAPRATA, DA SILVA ALLISONARAÚJO, FILHO AGRIMALDOMARTINS, DE CASTRO CÔBO ELIÂNGELA, ADAD SHEILAJORGE, MURTA EDDIEFERNANDOCANDIDO, NOMELINI ROSEKEILASIMÕES. Immunohistochemical staining of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 in benign and malignant ovarian neoplasms. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:979-983. [PMID: 25624918 PMCID: PMC4301559 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the ninth most common malignancy and the fifth leading cause of cancer death in women in the USA. The majority of malignant tumors of the ovary are diagnosed at an advanced stage, making it the most fatal gynecological cancer. The aim of the current study was to determine whether there are differences in immunohistochemical tissue staining of cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) between benign tumors and malignant primary ovarian cancer. In total, 28 patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cysts were evaluated, and a diagnosis of benign neoplasm (n=14) or malignant neoplasm (n=14) was determined. An immunohistochemical study of histological sections of ovarian tumors was conducted. The results were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, with P<0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference. Immunohistochemical staining of IL-10 was increased in malignant tumors compared with benign tumors (P=0.0128). For TNF-α, the immunohistochemical staining was more intense in malignant neoplasms, however, a statistically significant difference was not observed. These results indicate that the analysis of cytokines may be useful as a potential tissue marker of ovarian malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- MILLENA PRATA JAMMAL
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON)/Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), 38025-440 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - ALLISON ARAÚJO DA SILVA
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON)/Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), 38025-440 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - AGRIMALDO MARTINS FILHO
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON)/Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), 38025-440 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - ELIÂNGELA DE CASTRO CÔBO
- Department of Special Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), 38025-440 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - SHEILA JORGE ADAD
- Department of Special Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), 38025-440 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - EDDIE FERNANDO CANDIDO MURTA
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON)/Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), 38025-440 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - ROSEKEILA SIMÕES NOMELINI
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON)/Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), 38025-440 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
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Sopik V, Akbari M, Narod S. Genetic testing forRAD51Cmutations: in the clinic and community. Clin Genet 2015; 88:303-12. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Sopik
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario M5G 1N8 Canada
| | - M.R. Akbari
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario M5G 1N8 Canada
| | - S.A. Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario M5G 1N8 Canada
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Smith RA, Manassaram-Baptiste D, Brooks D, Doroshenk M, Fedewa S, Saslow D, Brawley OW, Wender R. Cancer screening in the United States, 2015: a review of current American cancer society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening. CA Cancer J Clin 2015; 65:30-54. [PMID: 25581023 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Each year, the American Cancer Society (ACS) publishes a summary of its guidelines for early cancer detection along with a report on data and trends in cancer screening rates and select issues related to cancer screening. In this issue of the journal, we summarize current ACS cancer screening guidelines. The latest data on utilization of cancer screening from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) also is described, as are several issues related to screening coverage under the Affordable Care Act, including the expansion of the Medicaid program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Smith
- Senior Director for Cancer Screening, Cancer Control Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
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