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Management of Pelvic Pain in Patients with Crohn's Disease-Current Overview. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020526. [PMID: 36675454 PMCID: PMC9862261 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a subtype of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with characteristic skip lesions and transmural inflammation that may affect the entire gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Persistent pain is one of the main symptoms of CD. This pain has multifactorial pathogenesis, but most often arises from intestinal inflammation itself, as well as from gut distention or partial intestinal obstruction. Some current evidence also suggests sensitization of sensory pathways, as well as modulation of those signals by the central nervous system, which highlights the impact of biopsychosocial factors. To date, most studies have focused only on the pain located in the abdomen, while pelvic pain has rarely been explored, despite it being a common symptom. The aim of this study is to provide an abbreviated summary of the current state of knowledge on the origins and treatment of pelvic pain in CD.
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Siqueira-Campos VM, de Deus MSC, Poli-Neto OB, Rosa-E-Silva JC, de Deus JM, Conde DM. Current Challenges in the Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women: From Bench to Bedside. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:225-244. [PMID: 35210869 PMCID: PMC8863341 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s224891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) affects a significant proportion of women worldwide And has a negative impact on several aspects of these women’s lives including mental health, work, relationships and sexual function, among others. This set of factors ultimately reflects negatively on quality Of life. The physiopathology of CPP is complex and remains to be fully clarified; however, recent advances have increased understanding of the mechanisms involved in chronic pain in general, and more specifically, CPP. Nonetheless, even when a detailed clinical history is obtained, meticulous physical examination is performed and imaging resources are appropriately used, the organic cause of the pain may still fail to be identified in a substantial number of women with CPP. Management of CPP may therefore be challenging. This narrative review was aimed at adding to the available literature on the subject, presenting and discussing the principal characteristics of CPP in women. The paper highlights gaps in the literature while providing the most up-to-date evidence associated with the physiopathology and classification of pain, its diagnosis and treatment. In addition, current challenges in the management of women with CPP are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Meira Siqueira-Campos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Omero Benedicto Poli-Neto
- Laboratory for Translational Data Science, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Rosa-E-Silva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Miguel de Deus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Délio Marques Conde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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A physiatrist's understanding and application of the current literature on chronic pelvic pain: a narrative review. Pain Rep 2021; 6:e949. [PMID: 34476302 PMCID: PMC8407606 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the complex, multifactorial nature of chronic pelvic pain can help physicians determine the pain's etiology and thus refer specialists to include in the multidisciplinary treatment required. Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a highly prevalent condition which is underdiagnosed and poorly understood. The purpose of this review is to outline the various aspects of the nature of CPP, including its etiologies, clinical presentation, and nonoperative treatment options. For data collection, a PubMed search was conducted using indexing terms such as chronic pelvic pain and pelvic pain. Literature reviews and studies focusing on etiologies, clinical presentation, and/or the diagnosis of CPP were compiled for review by a team of 3 physiatrists. Studies investigating conservative treatments, medications, and interventional procedures for CPP and related conditions with comparable etiologies were also included. Of the 502 articles retrieved, 116 were deemed suitable by the team for this study. Although CPP is a complex, multifaceted condition, a particular susceptibility to nociceptive stimuli was demonstrated as an underlying theme in its evolution. There are many treatment options currently used; however, more robust evidence, such as randomized controlled trials, are needed before creating comprehensive guidelines for treating CPP.
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Karaca B, Bakır E, Yerer MB, Cumaoğlu A, Hamurcu Z, Eken A. Doxazosin and erlotinib have anticancer effects in the endometrial cancer cell and important roles in ERα and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22905. [PMID: 34463000 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
ERα and Wnt/β-catenin pathways are critical for the progression of most endometrial cancers. We aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of tamoxifen and quinazoline derivative drugs of doxazosin and erlotinib, and their roles in ERα and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in human endometrial cancer RL 95-2 cell. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and xCELLigence systems were performed to evaluate cytotoxicity. Furthermore, apoptotic induction was tested by Annexin V analysis. Caspase-3 and -9 activity and changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential were evaluated. The level of reactive oxygen species was measured by incubating with dichlorofluorescein diacetate. Protein ratios of p-ERα/ERα, GSK3β/p-GSK3β, and p-β-catenin/β-catenin and expression levels of ESR1, EGFR, c-Myc genes were evaluated to elucidate mechanisms in signaling pathways. We found that the tested drugs showed cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in the cells. Doxazosin significantly reduced ESR1 expression, slightly reduced the p-β-catenin/β-catenin ratio and c-Myc expression. Erlotinib significantly increased c-Myc expression while significantly decreasing the p-β-catenin/β-catenin and p-ERα/ERα ratio, and ESR1 expression. However, we observed that the cells develop resistance to erlotinib over a certain concentration, suggesting that ERα, ESR1, EGFR, and c-Myc may be a new target for overcoming drug resistance in the treatment of endometrial cancer. We also observed that erlotinib and doxazosin play an important role in the ERα signaling pathway and can act as potent inhibitors of PKA and/or tyrosine kinase in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in RL 95-2 cell. In conclusion, doxazosin and erlotinib may have a possible therapeutic potential in human endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Karaca
- Hakan Çetinsaya Good Clinical Practice and Research Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Elçin Bakır
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mükerrem Betül Yerer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cumaoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Hamurcu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Eken
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Rangappa S, Shankar VK, Jo S, Repka MA, Murthy SN. Chemotherapeutic Agent-Induced Vulvodynia, an Experimental Model. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:95. [PMID: 33686480 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulvodynia is a chronic clinical condition associated with vulvar pain that can impair the sexual, social, and psychological life of women. There is a need for more research to develop novel strategies and therapies for the treatment of vulvodynia. Vulvodynia in experimental animal models induced via infections, allergens, and diabetes are tedious and with lessor induction rate. The objective of the study was to explore the possibility of inducing vulvodynia using a chemotherapeutic agent in a rodent model. Paclitaxel is commonly used in treating breast and ovarian cancer, whose dose-limiting side effect is peripheral neuropathy. Studies have shown that peripheral neuropathy is one of the etiologies for vulvodynia. Following paclitaxel administration (2 mg/kg i.p.), the intensity of vulvar hypersensitivity was assessed using a series of von Frey filaments (0.008 to 1 g) to ensure the induction of vulvodynia. Vulvodynia was induced from day 2 and was well sustained for 11 days. Furthermore, the induced vulvodynia was validated by investigating the potentiation of a flinch response threshold, upon topical application and systemic administration of gabapentin, a commonly used medication for treating neuropathic pain. The results demonstrate that vulvodynia was induced due to administration of paclitaxel. The fact that chemotherapeutic agent-induced vulvodynia was responsive to topical and parenterally administered gabapentin provides validity to the model. The study establishes a new, relatively simple and reliable animal model for screening drug molecules for vulvar hypersensitivity.
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Plavnik K, Tenaglia A, Hill C, Ahmed T, Shrikhande A. A Novel, Non‐opioid Treatment for Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women with Previously Treated Endometriosis Utilizing Pelvic‐Floor Musculature Trigger‐Point Injections and Peripheral Nerve Hydrodissection. PM R 2019; 12:655-662. [DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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7
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Nohales F, Calvo P, Garcia-Gamón M, Monfort R, Valle A. La escisión de la glándula de Bartholin como causa de distorsión anatómica y dolor vulvar. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN GINECOLOGIA Y OBSTETRICIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gine.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Collard MD, Xi Y, Patel AA, Scott KM, Jones S, Chhabra A. Initial experience of CT-guided pulsed radiofrequency ablation of the pudendal nerve for chronic recalcitrant pelvic pain. Clin Radiol 2019; 74:897.e17-897.e23. [PMID: 31447049 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate initial experience with computed tomography (CT)-guided pulsed radiofrequency ablation (pRFA) of the pudendal nerve in cases of recalcitrant neuropathic pelvic pain. Endpoints include technical feasibility, safety, and efficacy of therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients who underwent pRFA ablation for neuropathic pudendal nerve pain during the trial period were followed for response to treatment for 6 months. Each patient was treated with pRFA under CT-guidance with concurrent perineural injection of anaesthetic and/or corticosteroid. Pain scores were then measured using a numeric rating scale at fixed intervals up to 6 months. RESULTS All procedures were considered technically successful with no immediate complications. pRFA demonstrated improved duration of pain improvement compared to the most recent perineural injection (p=0.0195), but not compared to the initial injection (p=0.64). Reported pain scores were lower with pRFA than with both the first and most recent injection but this did not reach statistical significance (p=0.1094 and p=0.7539, respectively). CONCLUSION Overall, pRFA of the pudendal nerve using CT-guidance can be a safe and effective therapy. This technique provides direct visualisation of the nerve to maximise safety and efficacy while offering a novel form of therapy for patients with chronic, recalcitrant pelvic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Collard
- Radiology Department, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Y Xi
- Radiology Department, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - A A Patel
- Radiology Department, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - K M Scott
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - S Jones
- Anesthesia and Pain Management Department, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - A Chhabra
- Radiology Department, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Orthopedic Surgery Department, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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9
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Role of MR Neurography in Groin and Genital Pain: Ilioinguinal, Iliohypogastric, and Genitofemoral Neuralgia. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019; 212:632-643. [PMID: 30620677 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.18.20316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic neuralgia of the border nerves (ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric, and genitofemoral) is difficult to diagnose and treat clinically. We examined the role of MR neurography (MRN) in the evaluation of border nerve abnormalities and the results of treatments directed at the MRN-detected nerve abnormalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 106 subjects with groin or genital pain (mean [± SD] age, 50.7 ± 15.4 years) who showed mono- or multifocal neuropathy of the border nerves at 3-T MRN. Subjects who underwent CT-guided perineural injection were assessed for pain response. Injection responses were categorized as positive, possible positive, and negative. Subjects who received hyaluronidase, continuous radiofrequency ablation, or surgery were also evaluated for treatment outcomes. RESULTS One hundred forty abnormal nerves were positive for neuropathy in 106 studies. Eighty of 106 subjects had single neuropathy, and 26 had multifocal neuropathy. Fifty-eight subjects underwent CT-guided perineural injections, with five receiving bilateral injections (63 injections). Improvement in subjective pain was seen in 53 of 63 cases (84.2%). A statistically significant improvement in pain response was noted in the isolated ilioinguinal nerve block group as compared with the isolated genitofemoral nerve block group (p = 0.0085). Thirteen of 58 subjects received multiple nerve injections at the same sitting. Both groups receiving single or multiple nerve injections had similar improvement in pain scores of 84% and 85%, respectively, although this difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Our retrospective analysis showed improved pain relief in subjects who underwent CT-guided nerve blocks on the basis of a positive MRN.
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Dai YJ, Qiu YB, Jiang R, Xu M, Liao LY, Chen GG, Liu ZM. Concomitant high expression of ERα36, GRP78 and GRP94 is associated with aggressive papillary thyroid cancer behavior. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:269-282. [PMID: 29368272 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is more common in women than in men. It has been suggested that estrogen may be involved in its development, as has previously been shown for breast, endometrial and ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess correlations between the expression of the estrogen receptor alpha36 (ERα36) and the glucose regulated proteins GRP78 and GRP94 (chaperones involved in glycoprotein folding) and various PTC clinicopathological features, as well as to evaluate the potential usefulness of these three potential oncogenic proteins in the prediction of aggressive PTC behavior. METHODS ERα36, GRP78 and GRP94 protein expression in 218 primary PTC tissues and PTC-derived BCPAP cells was examined using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. The proliferative, invasive and migrative capacities of BCPAP cells in which the respective genes were either exogenously over-expressed or silenced were assessed using BrdU incorporation and Transwell assays, respectively. RESULTS We found that ERα36, GRP78 and GRP94 protein expression was upregulated in the primary PTC tissues tested. We also found that ERα36, GRP78 and GRP94 expression modulation affected the proliferation, invasion and migration of PTC-derived BCPAP cells. A positive correlation and a positive feedback loop were noted between ERα36, GRP78 and GRP94 protein expression in the primary PTC tissues and in BCPAP cells, respectively. High ERα36 expression in combination with a high GRP78/ GRP94 expression was found to have a stronger correlation with extrathyroid extension (ETE), lymph node metastasis (LNM), distant metastasis (DM) and high TNM stage than high ERα36 expression in combination with either high GRP78 or high GRP94 expression (p = 0.028 for ETE, p = 0.002 for DM and p ≤ 0.001 for LNM and high TNM stage) or high ERα36 expression alone (p < 0.001 for ETE, LNM, DM and high TNM stage). CONCLUSIONS From our data we conclude that a concomitant high expression of ERα36, GRP78 and GRP94 is strongly associated with aggressive PTC behavior and may be used as a predictor for ETE, LNM, DM and high TNM stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Dai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yi-Bo Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-Yao Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - George G Chen
- Department of Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-Min Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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11
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Moss CF, Damitz LA, Gracely RH, Mintz AC, Zolnoun DA, Dellon AL. Dorsal clitoral nerve injury following transobturator midurethral sling. J Pain Res 2016; 9:727-730. [PMID: 27729812 PMCID: PMC5042193 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s106150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transobturator slings can be successfully used to treat stress urinary incontinence and improve quality of life through a minimally invasive vaginal approach. Persistent postoperative pain can occur and pose diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Following a sling procedure, a patient complained of pinching clitoral and perineal pain. Her symptoms of localized clitoral pinching and pain became generalized over the ensuing years, eventually encompassing the entire left vulvovaginal region. Aim The aim of this study was to highlight the clinical utility of conventional pain management techniques used for the evaluation and management of patients with postoperative pain following pelvic surgery. Methods We described a prototypical patient with persistent pain in and around the clitoral region complicating the clinical course of an otherwise successful sling procedure. We specifically discussed the utility of bedside sensory assessment techniques and selective nerve blocks in the evaluation and management of this prototypical patient. Results Neurosensory assessments and a selective nerve block enabled us to trace the source of the patient’s pain to nerve entrapment along the dorsal nerve of the clitoris. We then utilized a nerve stimulator-guided hydrodissection technique to release the scar contracture Conclusion This case demonstrates that the dorsal nerve of the clitoris is vulnerable to injury directly and/or indirectly. Assimilation of a time-honored pain management construct for the evaluation and management of patients’ pain may improve outcomes while obviating the need for invasive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chailee F Moss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lynn A Damitz
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Richard H Gracely
- Department of Endodontics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alice C Mintz
- Department of Endodontics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Denniz A Zolnoun
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Endodontics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Lee Dellon
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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12
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Cirino LMD, Vergne DMC, Santana PF, Almeida EDE, Costa LPDA, Albuquerque-Júnior RLCDE, Lima-Verde IB, Padilha FF, Cardoso JC. Decreased inflammatory response in rat bladder after intravesical administration of capsaicin-loaded liposomes. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2016; 88:1539-47. [PMID: 27598840 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201620150309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the reduction in the capsaicin toxicity by encapsulation in liposomes. Capsaicin was extracted from peppers and characterized with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We determined the zeta potential, polydispersivity index (PdI) and vesicle size of liposomes. Wistar rats were submitted to intravesical instillation of liposomes (LIP), capsaicin (CAP) or liposomes with capsaicin (CAPLIP). After 24 hours, bladders were removed for histological analysis. Vesicle size ranged from 68 to 105 nm with PdI smaller than 0.2 and zeta potential around -30 mV. The vesicles maintained stability over the 14-day study. The histological analysis of the CAP group showed intense inflammation in almost all bladder layers, as well as ulcer formation. Conversely, the CAPLIP group showed a smooth inflammatory reaction and hyperemia. In conclusion, the liposomes effectively protected the bladder against the irritative action of capsaicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena M D Cirino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente e Biotecnologia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Daviane M C Vergne
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente e Biotecnologia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Patrícia F Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente e Biotecnologia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Enrik DE Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente e Biotecnologia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Luiz P DA Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente e Biotecnologia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil.,Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Ricardo L C DE Albuquerque-Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente e Biotecnologia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil.,Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Isabel B Lima-Verde
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente e Biotecnologia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil.,Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Francine F Padilha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente e Biotecnologia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil.,Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Juliana C Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente e Biotecnologia Industrial, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil.,Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brasil
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13
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Chamard-Jovenin C, Jung AC, Chesnel A, Abecassis J, Flament S, Ledrappier S, Macabre C, Boukhobza T, Dumond H. From ERα66 to ERα36: a generic method for validating a prognosis marker of breast tumor progression. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2015; 9:28. [PMID: 26080803 PMCID: PMC4469423 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-015-0178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Estrogen receptor alpha36 (ERalpha36), a variant of estrogen receptor alpha (ER) is expressed in about half of breast tumors, independently of the [ER+]/[ER-] status. In vitro, ERalpha36 triggers mitogenic non-genomic signaling and migration ability in response to 17beta-estradiol and tamoxifen. In vivo, highly ERalpha36 expressing tumors are of poor outcome especially as [ER+] tumors are submitted to tamoxifen treatment which, in turn, enhances ERalpha36 expression. Results Our study aimed to validate ERalpha36 expression as a reliable prognostic factor for cancer progression from an estrogen dependent proliferative tumor toward an estrogen dispensable metastatic disease. In a retrospective study, we tried to decipher underlying mechanisms of cancer progression by using an original modeling of the relationships between ERalpha36, other estrogen and growth factor receptors and metastatic marker expression. Nonlinear correlation analyses and mutual information computations led to characterize a complex network connecting ERalpha36 to either non-genomic estrogen signaling or to metastatic process. Conclusions This study identifies ERalpha36 expression level as a relevant classifier which should be taken into account for breast tumors clinical characterization and [ER+] tumor treatment orientation, using a generic approach for the rapid, cheap and relevant evaluation of any candidate gene expression as a predictor of a complex biological process. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-015-0178-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Chamard-Jovenin
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, F-54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Alain C Jung
- EA 3430, Centre Paul Strauss, 3 rue Porte de l'Hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Amand Chesnel
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, F-54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Joseph Abecassis
- EA 3430, Centre Paul Strauss, 3 rue Porte de l'Hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Stéphane Flament
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, F-54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Sonia Ledrappier
- EA 3430, Centre Paul Strauss, 3 rue Porte de l'Hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Christine Macabre
- EA 3430, Centre Paul Strauss, 3 rue Porte de l'Hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Taha Boukhobza
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, F-54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Hélène Dumond
- CNRS-Université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, BP70239, F-54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Srinath A, Young E, Szigethy E. Pain management in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: translational approaches from bench to bedside. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014; 20:2433-49. [PMID: 25208108 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal pain is a common symptom in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that negatively affects quality of life and can lead to increased health-seeking behavior. Although abdominal pain has been traditionally attributed to inflammation, there is growing literature demonstrating the existence of functional abdominal pain in patients with IBD, of which there are a variety of potential causes. Thus, when approaching a patient with IBD who has abdominal pain, in addition to IBD-related complications (e.g., inflammation/stricture), it is important to screen for related contributors, including peripheral factors (visceral hypersensitivity, bacterial overgrowth, and bowel dysmotility) and centrally mediated neurobiological and psychosocial underpinnings. These central factors include psychological symptoms/diagnoses, sleep disturbance, and stress. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (e.g., narcotic bowel syndrome) is also growing in recognition as a potential central source of abdominal pain. This review draws from clinical studies and animal models of colitis and abdominal pain to consider how knowledge of these potential etiologies can be used to individualize treatment of abdominal pain in patients with IBD, including consideration of potential novel treatment modalities for the future. Accurate assessment of the source(s) of pain in patients with IBD can help guide appropriate diagnostic workup and use of disease-modifying therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Srinath
- *Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; †Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and ‡Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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15
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Phenotyping chronic pelvic pain based on latent class modeling of physical examination. PAIN RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2013; 2013:891301. [PMID: 24455240 PMCID: PMC3885108 DOI: 10.1155/2013/891301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Defining clinical phenotypes based on physical examination is required for clarifying heterogeneous disorders such as chronic pelvic pain (CPP). The objective of this study was to determine the number of classes within 4 examinable regions and then establish threshold and optimal exam criteria for the classes discovered. Methods. A total of 476 patients meeting the criteria for CPP were examined using pain pressure threshold (PPT) algometry and standardized numeric scale (NRS) pain ratings at 30 distinct sites over 4 pelvic regions. Exploratory factor analysis, latent profile analysis, and ROC curves were then used to identify classes, optimal examination points, and threshold scores. Results. Latent profile analysis produced two classes for each region: high and low pain groups. The optimal examination sites (and high pain minimum thresholds) were for the abdominal wall region: the pair at the midabdomen (PPT threshold depression of > 2); vulvar vestibule region: 10:00 position (NRS > 2); pelvic floor region: puborectalis (combined NRS > 6); vaginal apex region: uterosacral ligaments (combined NRS > 8). Conclusion. Physical examination scores of patients with CPP are best categorized into two classes: high pain and low pain. Standardization of the physical examination in CPP provides both researchers and general gynecologists with a validated technique.
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