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Demircan K, Chillon TS, Jensen RC, Jensen TK, Sun Q, Bonnema SJ, Glintborg D, Bilenberg N, Andersen MS, Schomburg L. Maternal selenium deficiency during pregnancy in association with autism and ADHD traits in children: The Odense Child Cohort. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:324-332. [PMID: 38704054 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenoproteins regulate pathways controlling neurodevelopment, e.g., redox signaling and thyroid hormone metabolism. However, studies investigating maternal selenium in relation to child neurodevelopmental disorders are scarce. METHODS 719 mother-child pairs from the prospective population-based Odense Child Cohort study in Denmark were included. Three selenium biomarkers, i.e. concentrations of serum selenium, selenoprotein P (SELENOP), and activity of glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3), along with serum copper, zinc and iron were measured in early third trimester (at 28.9+/-0.8 weeks of pregnancy). ADHD and ASD traits in children were assessed systematically using the established Child Behaviour Checklist at 5 years of age, based on a Danish reference cohort with cut-off at 90th percentile. Multivariable regression models adjusted for biologically relevant confounders were applied. RESULTS 155 of 719 (21.6 %) children had ASD traits and 59 of 719 (8.2 %) children had traits of ADHD at 5 years of age. In crude and adjusted models, all three selenium biomarkers associated inversely with ADHD traits. For ADHD, fully adjusted OR for 10 μg/L increment in selenium was 0.76 (95 % CI 0.60, 0.94), for one mg/L increment in SELENOP was 0.73 (0.56, 0.95), and for 10 U/L increment in GPx3 was 0.93 (0.87,1.00). Maternal total selenium was inversely associated with child ASD traits, OR per 10 μg/L increment was 0.85 (0.74, 0,98). SELENOP and GPx3 were not associated with ASD traits. The associations were specific to selenium, as other trace elements such as copper, zinc, or iron were not associated with the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The results provide coherent evidence for selenium deficiency as a risk factor for ADHD and ASD traits in an environment with borderline supply, the causality of which should be elucidated in a randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Demircan
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thilo Samson Chillon
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Christian Jensen
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 6, 5000, Odense C, Denmark; University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark; Odense Child Cohort, Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 23C, 5000, Odense C, Denmark; OPEN Patient Data Explorative Network (OPEN), SDU, Denmark
| | - Qian Sun
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steen Joop Bonnema
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 6, 5000, Odense C, Denmark; University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dorte Glintborg
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 6, 5000, Odense C, Denmark; University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marianne Skovsager Andersen
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 6, 5000, Odense C, Denmark; University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Zhang Y, Meng S, Yu Y, Bi L, Tian J, Zhang L. Associations of dietary selenium intake with the risk of chronic diseases and mortality in US adults. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1363299. [PMID: 38978702 PMCID: PMC11228278 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1363299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Selenium is an essential micronutrient and a type of dietary antioxidant. This study aimed to investigate the associations of dietary selenium intake with the risk of human chronic disease [cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), and cancer] and mortality among US general adults. Methods The dietary and demographic data in this study were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018. Death outcomes were determined by associating with the National Death Index (NDI) records as of December 31, 2019. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship of selenium intake with the risk of CVD, DM, and cancer. The effect of dietary selenium on all-cause and disease-specific mortality was estimated with restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves based on the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Results Among the 25,801 participants, dietary selenium intake was divided into quintiles (Q1-Q5). After covariate adjustment, the results showed that the participants with higher quintiles (Q4 and Q5) of selenium intake tended to have a low risk of CVD (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96, 0.99; OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.00, respectively). Moreover, the RCS curves showed a significant nonlinear association between selenium intake and the risk of all-cause (with a HR of 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.99) and DM-specific mortality (with the lowest HR of 0.30; 95% CI, 0.12-0.75). Furthermore, we conducted a subgroup analysis and found a negative correlation between the highest quartile of selenium intake and all-cause mortality among participants aged 50 and above (HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60-0.93, p = 0.009). Conclusion Our results indicated that a moderate dietary selenium supplement decreased the risk of CVD and displayed a nonlinear trend in association with the risk of all-cause and DM-specific mortality among US adults. In addition, we found that participants aged 50 and older may benefit from higher selenium intake. However, these findings still need to be confirmed through further mechanism exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shixin Meng
- The Basic Medical Sciences College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuexin Yu
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangwen Bi
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jihong Tian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lizhen Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Grzeszczak K, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Malinowski W, Ziętek P, Kosik-Bogacka D. Oxidative Stress in Pregnancy. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1768. [PMID: 38136639 PMCID: PMC10741771 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increased interest in the role of oxidative stress (OS) in pregnancy. Pregnancy inherently heightens susceptibility to OS, a condition fueled by a systemic inflammatory response that culminates in an elevated presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the circulatory system. The amplified OS in pregnancy can trigger a series of detrimental outcomes such as underdevelopment, abnormal placental function, and a host of pregnancy complications, including pre-eclampsia, embryonic resorption, recurrent pregnancy loss, fetal developmental anomalies, intrauterine growth restriction, and, in extreme instances, fetal death. The body's response to mitigate the uncontrolled increase in RNS/ROS levels requires trace elements that take part in non-enzymatic and enzymatic defense processes, namely, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and selenium (Se). Determination of ROS concentrations poses a challenge due to their short half-lives, prompting the use of marker proteins, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH). These markers, indicative of oxidative stress intensity, can offer indirect assessments of pregnancy complications. Given the limitations of conducting experimental studies on pregnant women, animal models serve as valuable substitutes for in-depth research. This review of such models delves into the mechanism of OS in pregnancy and underscores the pivotal role of OS markers in their evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Grzeszczak
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.G.); (N.Ł.-A.)
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.G.); (N.Ł.-A.)
| | - Witold Malinowski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Masovian. Public University in Płock, Plac Dąbrowskiego 2, 09-402 Płock, Poland;
| | - Paweł Ziętek
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Orthopaedic Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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