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Cai X, Li M, Zhong Y, Yang W, Liang Z. COMP Improves Ang-II-Induced Atrial Fibrillation via TGF-β Signaling Pathway. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2023; 23:305-316. [PMID: 37584842 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) regulates transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, which has been proved to be associated with skin fibrosis and pulmonary fibrosis. Atrial fibrosis is a major factor of atrial fibrillation (AF). Nevertheless, the interaction between COMP and TGF-β as well as their role in AF remains undefined. The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of COMP in AF and explore its potential mechanism. The hub gene of AF was identified from two datasets using bioinformatics. Furthermore, it was verified by the downregulation of COMP in angiotensin-II (Ang-II)-induced AF in mice. Moreover, the effect on AF was examined using CCK8 assay, ELISA, and western blot. The involvement of TGF-β pathway was further discussed. The expression of COMP was the most significant among all these hub genes. Our experimental results revealed that the protein levels of TGF-β1, phosphorylated Smad2 (P-Smad2), and phosphorylated Smad3 (P-Smad3) were decreased after silencing COMP, which indicated that COMP knockdown could inhibit the activation of TGF-β pathway in AF cells. However, the phenomenon was reversed when the activator SRI was added. COMP acts as a major factor and can improve Ang-II-induced AF via TGF-β signaling pathway. Thus, our research enriches the understanding of the interaction between COMP and TGF-β in AF, and provides reference for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoBi Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, Renmin Avenue South, Xiashan District, Zhangjian City, 524001, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mingliang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, Renmin Avenue South, Xiashan District, Zhangjian City, 524001, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, Renmin Avenue South, Xiashan District, Zhangjian City, 524001, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenkun Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, Renmin Avenue South, Xiashan District, Zhangjian City, 524001, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhu Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, Renmin Avenue South, Xiashan District, Zhangjian City, 524001, Guangdong Province, China.
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2
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Zhu YO, MacDonnell S, Kaplan T, Liu C, Ali Y, Rangel SM, Wipperman MF, Belback M, Sun DS, Ren Z, Zhou XA, Halasz G, Morton L, Kundu RV. Defining a Unique Gene Expression Profile in Mature and Developing Keloids. JID INNOVATIONS 2023; 3:100211. [PMID: 37564104 PMCID: PMC10410242 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2023.100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids are benign, fibroproliferative dermal tumors that typically form owing to abnormal wound healing. The current standard of care is generally ineffective and does not prevent recurrence. To characterize keloid scars and better understand the mechanism of their formation, we performed transcriptomic profiling of keloid biopsies from a total of 25 subjects of diverse racial and ethnic origins, 15 of whom provided a paired nonlesional sample, a longitudinal sample, or both. The transcriptomic signature of nonlesional skin biopsies from subjects with keloids resembled that of control skin at baseline but shifted to closely match that of keloid skin after dermal trauma. Peripheral keloid skin and rebiopsied surrounding normal skin both showed upregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, extracellular matrix organization, and collagen genes. These keloid signatures strongly overlapped those from healthy wound healing studies, usually with greater perturbations, reinforcing our understanding of keloids as dysregulated and exuberant wound healing. In addition, 219 genes uniquely regulated in keloids but not in normal injured or uninjured skin were also identified. This study provides insights into mature and developing keloid signatures that can act as a basis for further validation and target identification in the search for transformative keloid treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan O. Zhu
- Regeneron Pharmaceutical, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Chien Liu
- Regeneron Pharmaceutical, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Yasmeen Ali
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Rangel
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Madeleine Belback
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Ziyou Ren
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiaolong Alan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gabor Halasz
- Regeneron Pharmaceutical, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Lori Morton
- Regeneron Pharmaceutical, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Roopal V. Kundu
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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3
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Lin P, Zhang G, Li H. The Role of Extracellular Matrix in Wound Healing. Dermatol Surg 2023; 49:S41-S48. [PMID: 37115999 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular matrix communicates with surrounding cells to maintain skin homeostasis and modulate multiple cellular processes including wound healing. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the dynamic composition and potential roles of extracellular matrix in normal skin, wound healing process, and abnormal skin scarring. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature review was performed to identify relevant publications pertaining to the extracellular matrix deposition in normal skin and wound healing process, as well as in abnormal scars. RESULTS A summary of the matrix components in normal skin is presented. Their primary roles in hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases of wound healing are briefly discussed. Identification of novel extracellular matrix in keloids is also provided. CONCLUSION Abnormal scarring remains a challenging condition with unmet satisfactory treatments. Illumination of extracellular matrix composition and functions in wound healing process will allow for the development of targeted therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Lin
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
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4
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Wu T, Jin Y, Chen F, Xuan X, Cao J, Liang Y, Wang Y, Zhan J, Zhao M, Huang C. Identification and characterization of bone/cartilage-associated signatures in common fibrotic skin diseases. Front Genet 2023; 14:1121728. [PMID: 37082197 PMCID: PMC10111020 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1121728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Fibrotic skin diseases are characterized by excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and activation of fibroblasts, leading to a global healthcare burden. However, effective treatments of fibrotic skin diseases remain limited, and their pathological mechanisms require further investigation. This study aims to investigate the common biomarkers and therapeutic targets in two major fibrotic skin diseases, namely, keloid and systemic sclerosis (SSc), by bioinformatics analysis.Methods: The keloid (GSE92566) and SSc (GSE95065) datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, followed by functional enrichment analysis using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). We then constructed a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network for the identification of hub genes. We explored the possibility of further functional enrichment analysis of hub genes on the Metascape, GeneMANIA, and TissueNexus platforms. Transcription factor (TF)–hub gene and miRNA–hub gene networks were established using NetworkAnalyst. We fixed GSE90051 and GSE76855 as the external validation datasets. Student’s t-test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used for candidate hub gene validation. Hub gene expression was assessed in vitro by quantitative real-time PCR.Results: A total of 157 overlapping DEGs (ODEGs) were retrieved from the GSE92566 and GSE95065 datasets, and five hub genes (COL11A1, COL5A2, ASPN, COL10A1, and COMP) were identified and validated. Functional studies revealed that hub genes were predominantly enriched in bone/cartilage-related and collagen-related processes. FOXC1 and miR-335-5p were predicted to be master regulators at both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels.Conclusion: COL11A1, COL5A2, ASPN, COL10A1, and COMP may help understand the pathological mechanism of the major fibrotic skin diseases; moreover, FOXC1 and miR-355-5p could build a regulatory network in keloid and SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangqi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuyun Xuan
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juanmei Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinshan Zhan
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Mengjie Zhao, ; Changzheng Huang,
| | - Changzheng Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Mengjie Zhao, ; Changzheng Huang,
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5
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Zorlu O, Yazici S, Balaban Adım Ş. Keloid formation following ear piercing through the transitional zone. An Bras Dermatol 2023:S0365-0596(23)00058-2. [PMID: 36997376 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Zorlu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Serkan Yazici
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Şaduman Balaban Adım
- Department of Pathology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
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6
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Deng CC, Zhang LX, Xu XY, Zhu DH, Cheng Q, Ma S, Rong Z, Yang B. Risk single-nucleotide polymorphism-mediated enhancer-promoter interaction drives keloids through long noncoding RNA down expressed in keloids. Br J Dermatol 2023; 188:84-93. [PMID: 36689521 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keloids represent one extreme of aberrant dermal wound healing and are characterized by fibroblast hyperproliferation and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. Genetics is a major factor for predisposition to keloids and genome-wide association study has identified a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs873549 at 1q41 as a susceptibility locus. The SNP rs873549, and the SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with rs873549, may be involved in keloid development. However, the functional significance of these SNPs in keloid pathogenesis remains elusive. OBJECTIVES To investigate the function and mechanism of SNP rs873549 and the SNPs in strong LD with rs873549 in keloids. METHODS SNPs in strong LD with rs873549 were analysed using Haploview. The expression levels of the genes near the susceptibility locus were analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The interaction between rs1348270-containing enhancer and the long noncoding RNA down expressed in keloids (DEIK) (formerly RP11-400N13.1) promoter in fibroblasts was investigated using chromosome conformation capture. The enhancer activity of the rs1348270 locus was evaluated using luciferase reporter assay. Knockdown experiments were used to explore the function of DEIK in keloids. RNA-Seq was performed to investigate the mechanism by which DEIK regulates the expression of collagens POSTN and COMP. RESULTS rs1348270, an enhancer-located SNP in strong LD with rs873549, mediated looping with the promoter of DEIK. The risk variant was associated with decreased enhancer-promoter interaction and DEIK down-expression in keloids. Mechanistically, downregulation of DEIK increased the expression of collagens POSTN and COMP through upregulating BMP2. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that DEIK expression was inversely correlated with BMP2, POSTN and COMP expression in both keloid and normal fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the risk variant rs1348270 is located in an enhancer and is associated with the downregulation of DEIK in keloids, and that downregulation of DEIK increases the expression of collagens POSTN and COMP through BMP2 in keloid fibroblasts. These findings will help to provide a more thorough understanding of the role played by genetic factors in keloid development and may lead to new strategies for screening and therapy in keloid-susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Deng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xue Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Yan Xu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding-Heng Zhu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Cheng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shufeng Ma
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhili Rong
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Low Baseline Expression of Fibrotic Genes in an Ex Vivo Human Skin Model is a Potential Indicator of Excessive Skin Scarring. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022; 10:e4626. [PMID: 36389611 PMCID: PMC9653186 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED One of the challenges plastic surgeons face is the unpredictability of postoperative scarring. The variability of wound healing and subsequent scar formation across patients makes it virtually impossible to predict if a patient's surgery will result in excessive fibrosis and scarring, possibly amounting to keloids or hypertrophic scars. There is a need to find predictive molecular indicators of patients or skin location with high risk of excessive scarring. We hypothesized that baseline expression levels of fibrotic genes in the skin can serve as a potential indicator of excessive scarring. METHODS An ex vivo model of skin fibrosis was used with abdominal and breast skin tissue from 45 patients undergoing breast reduction and/or abdominoplasty. Fibrosis was induced in skin explants in organ culture with transforming growth factor-β (TFGβ). Fibrotic gene response was assessed via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and correlated with skin location, age, and baseline levels of fibrotic genes. RESULTS The increase in TFGβ-induced fibronectin1 (FN1) gene expression in skin explants was significantly higher than for Collagen 1A1, alpha smooth muscle actin, and connective tissue growth factor. Also, FN1 expression positively correlated with donor age. Moreover, lower expression of the fibrotic genes FN1, Collagen 1A1, and alpha smooth muscle actin correlated with a more pronounced fibrotic response, represented by higher induction levels of these genes. CONCLUSIONS Skin sites exhibit different baseline levels of profibrotic genes. Further, low baseline expression levels of fibrotic genes FN1, Collagen 1A1, and alpha smooth muscle actin, in donor skin may indicate a potential for excessive scarring of the skin.
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8
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Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein, Diseases, and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169253. [PMID: 36012514 PMCID: PMC9408827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein that is critical for collagen assembly and ECM stability. Mutations of COMP cause endoplasmic reticulum stress and chondrocyte apoptosis, resulting in rare skeleton diseases. The bouquet-like structure of COMP allows it to act as a bridging molecule that regulates cellular phenotype and function. COMP is able to interact with many other ECM components and binds directly to a variety of cellular receptors and growth factors. The roles of COMP in other skeleton diseases, such as osteoarthritis, have been implied. As a well-established biochemical marker, COMP indicates cartilage turnover associated with destruction. Recent exciting achievements indicate its involvement in other diseases, such as malignancy, cardiovascular diseases, and tissue fibrosis. Here, we review the basic concepts of COMP and summarize its novel functions in the regulation of signaling events. These findings renew our understanding that COMP has a notable function in cell behavior and disease progression as a signaling regulator. Interestingly, COMP shows distinct functions in different diseases. Targeting COMP in malignancy may withdraw its beneficial effects on the vascular system and induce or aggravate cardiovascular diseases. COMP supplementation is a promising treatment for OA and aortic aneurysms while it may induce tissue fibrosis or cancer metastasis.
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9
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Zheng W, Lin G, Wang Z. Bioinformatics study on different gene expression profiles of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in keloids. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27777. [PMID: 34964740 PMCID: PMC8615345 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a benign fibroproliferative skin tumor. The respective functions of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in keloid have not been fully studied. The purpose of this study is to identify the respective roles and key genes of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in keloids, which can be used as new targets for diagnosis or treatment.The microarray datasets of keloid fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used for functional enrichment analysis. The search tool for retrieval of interacting genes and Cytoscape were used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and analyze gene modules. The hub genes were screened out, and the relevant interaction networks and biological process analysis were carried out.In fibroblasts, the DEGs were significantly enriched in collagen fibril organization, extracellular matrix organization and ECM-receptor interaction. The PPI network was constructed, and the most significant module was selected, which is mainly enriched in ECM-receptor interaction. In vascular endothelial cells, the DEGs were significantly enriched in cytokine activity, growth factor activity and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Module analysis was mainly enriched in TGF-β signaling pathway. Hub genes were screened out separately.In summary, the DEGs and hub genes discovered in this study may help us understand the molecular mechanisms of keloid, and provide potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihan Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Guojian Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Zhizhou Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
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10
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COMP: A Potential Early Biomarker of RAS After Lung Transplantation. Transplant Direct 2021; 7:e730. [PMID: 34291152 PMCID: PMC8291357 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rejection, defined as chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), is the major factor limiting long-term survival after lung transplantation (LTx). A specific subgroup of CLAD is restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS). CLAD’s pathogenesis is largely unknown, but previous findings suggest that it is associated with increased fibrosis in the transplanted lung. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) has been associated with multiple fibrotic conditions. The current study aimed to explore the relation between COMP serum levels and development of CLAD, and RAS in particular, in a retrospective cohort of LTx patients.
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11
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Zhang S, Liu B, Wang W, Lv L, Gao D, Chai M, Li M, Wu Z, Zhu Y, Ma J, Leng L. The "Matrisome" reveals the characterization of skin keloid microenvironment. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21237. [PMID: 33715180 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001660rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Keloids are fibroproliferative dermal tumors of unknown origin that are characterized by the overabundant accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The mechanism of keloid formation has remained unclear because of a poor understanding of its molecular basis. In this study, the dermal ECM components of keloids were identified and the pathological features of keloid formation were characterized using large-scale quantitative proteomic analyses of decellularized keloid biomatrix scaffolds. We identified a total of 267 dermal core ECM and ECM-associated proteins that were differentially expressed between patients with keloids and healthy controls. Skin mechanical properties and biological processes including protease activity, wound healing, and adhesion were disordered in keloids. The integrated network analysis of the upregulated ECM proteins revealed multiple signaling pathways involved in these processes that may lead to keloid formation. Our findings may improve the scientific basis of keloid treatment and provide new ideas for the establishment of keloid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikun Zhang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Science Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Binghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luye Lv
- Institute of NBC Defense, Beijing, China
| | - Dunqin Gao
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Science Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mi Chai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mansheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Science Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing, China.,Basic Medical School, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Leng
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Medical Science Research Center, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Bozó R, Szél E, Danis J, Gubán B, Bata-Csörgő Z, Szabó K, Kemény L, Groma G. Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Negatively Influences Keratinocyte Proliferation via α5β1-Integrin: Potential Relevance of Altered Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Expression in Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1733-1742.e7. [PMID: 32057837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In psoriasis, nonlesional skin shows alterations at the dermal-epidermal junction compared with healthy skin. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is part of the papillary dermis of healthy skin, and its expression has not yet been studied in psoriatic skin. In this study, we found that COMP localization extended deeper into the dermis and formed a more continuous layer in psoriatic nonlesional skin compared with healthy skin, whereas in psoriatic lesions, COMP showed a partially discontinuous deposition at the dermal-epidermal junction. COMP and β1-integrin showed strong colocalization in nonlesional skin, where the laminin layer within the basement membrane is discontinuous. In in vitro models, the presence of exogenous COMP decreased the proliferation rate of keratinocytes, and this proliferation-suppressing effect was diminished by blocking α5β1-integrin. Our results suggest that COMP can interact with α5β1-integrin of basal keratinocytes through the disrupted basement membrane, and this interaction might stabilize the epidermis in the nonlesional state by contributing to the suppression of keratinocyte proliferation. The antiproliferative effect of COMP is likely to be relevant to other skin diseases in which chronic nonhealing wounds are coupled with massive COMP accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Bozó
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Szél
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Danis
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barbara Gubán
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Szabó
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary; HCEMM-SZTE Skin Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Groma
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary.
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Barallobre-Barreiro J, Woods E, Bell RE, Easton JA, Hobbs C, Eager M, Baig F, Ross AM, Mallipeddi R, Powell B, Soldin M, Mayr M, Shaw TJ. Cartilage-like composition of keloid scar extracellular matrix suggests fibroblast mis-differentiation in disease. Matrix Biol Plus 2019; 4:100016. [PMID: 33543013 PMCID: PMC7852214 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Following wound damage to the skin, the scarring spectrum is wide-ranging, from a manageable normal scar through to pathological keloids. The question remains whether these fibrotic lesions represent simply a quantitative extreme, or alternatively, whether they are qualitatively distinct. A three-way comparison of the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition of normal skin, normal scar and keloids was performed using quantitative discovery-based proteomics. This approach identified 40 proteins that were significantly altered in keloids compared to normal scars, and strikingly, 23 keloid-unique proteins. The major alterations in keloids, when functionally grouped, showed many changes in proteins involved in ECM assembly and fibrillogenesis, but also a keloid-associated loss of proteases, and a unique cartilage-like composition, which was also evident histologically. The presence of Aggrecan and Collagen II in keloids suggest greater plasticity and mis-differentiation of the constituent cells. This study characterises the ECM of both scar types to a depth previously underappreciated. This thorough molecular description of keloid lesions relative to normal scars is an essential step towards our understanding of this debilitating clinical problem, and how best to treat it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Barallobre-Barreiro
- King's College London, James Black Centre British Heart Foundation Centre, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Elizabeth Woods
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, St George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Rachel E. Bell
- King's College London, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Department of Inflammation Biology, Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jennifer A. Easton
- King's College London, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Department of Inflammation Biology, Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Carl Hobbs
- King's College London, Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Michael Eager
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, St George's University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Ferheen Baig
- King's College London, James Black Centre British Heart Foundation Centre, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Alastair Mackenzie Ross
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Plastic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Raj Mallipeddi
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Cancer Centre, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Barry Powell
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Trust, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 0QT, UK
| | - Mark Soldin
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Trust, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 0QT, UK
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's College London, James Black Centre British Heart Foundation Centre, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Tanya J. Shaw
- King's College London, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Department of Inflammation Biology, Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
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14
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Tan S, Khumalo N, Bayat A. Understanding Keloid Pathobiology From a Quasi-Neoplastic Perspective: Less of a Scar and More of a Chronic Inflammatory Disease With Cancer-Like Tendencies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1810. [PMID: 31440236 PMCID: PMC6692789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids are considered as benign fibroproliferative skin tumors growing beyond the site of the original dermal injury. Although traditionally viewed as a form of skin scarring, keloids display many cancer-like characteristics such as progressive uncontrolled growth, lack of spontaneous regression and extremely high rates of recurrence. Phenotypically, keloids are consistent with non-malignant dermal tumors that are due to the excessive overproduction of collagen which never metastasize. Within the remit of keloid pathobiology, there is increasing evidence for the various interplay of neoplastic-promoting and suppressing factors, which may explain its aggressive clinical behavior. Amongst the most compelling parallels between keloids and cancer are their shared cellular bioenergetics, epigenetic methylation profiles and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition amongst other disease biological (genotypic and phenotypic) behaviors. This review explores the quasi-neoplastic or cancer-like properties of keloids and highlights areas for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvian Tan
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nonhlanhla Khumalo
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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15
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Kikuchi R, Khalil AJ, Zoumalan CI. Gene expression analysis in scars treated with silicone cream: a case series. Scars Burn Heal 2019; 5:2059513119868345. [PMID: 31565401 PMCID: PMC6755861 DOI: 10.1177/2059513119868345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast to fetal scar tissue, adult scar tissue presents with visible scarring. Topical silicone creams have been shown to improve the appearance of scars. This case series compares the genetic expression of post-surgical scar tissues that received topical scar treatment with silicone cream, SKN2017B, or no treatment. SKN2017B is a recently formulated silicone-based scar cream that contains selective synthetic recombinant human growth factors, hyaluronic acid, and vitamin C. We hypothesise that scars treated with silicone-based scar creams have a more favourable genetic expression resembling a well-healing scar. METHODS Women who had undergone an abdominoplasty were included in this investigation and randomly assigned to treat part of the scar with topical silicone, another part with SKN2017B, and to leave a third part untreated. After four weeks, punch biopsies were taken and the RNA sequenced. Healthy abdominal skin was biopsied as baseline data. Genes of interest were identified and median values were calculated for the samples. RESULTS SKN2107B-treated scars demonstrated the lowest collagen type I to collagen type III ratio. Other key genes of interest in wound healing showed the lowest (favourable) expression of fibroblast activation protein alpha, lysyl oxidase and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein; the highest (favourable) expression of fibronectin type III domain containing 1 and matrix metallopeptidase 9 were found in scars treated with SKN2017B. CONCLUSION The results of this small case series demonstrate a trend that those scars treated with topical silicone cream, notably SKN2017B, display the most favourable gene expression for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kikuchi
- Private Practice, Aesthetic and
Reconstructive Oculoplastic Surgery, Beverly Hills, CA, USA
| | - Abdullah J Khalil
- Private Practice, Beverly Hills Plastic
Surgery, Beverly Hills, CA, USA
| | - Christopher I Zoumalan
- Private Practice, Aesthetic and
Reconstructive Oculoplastic Surgery, Beverly Hills, CA, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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16
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Posey KL, Hecht JT. Novel therapeutic interventions for pseudoachondroplasia. Bone 2017; 102:60-68. [PMID: 28336490 PMCID: PMC6168010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH), a severe short-limbed dwarfing condition, is associated with life-long joint pain and early onset osteoarthritis. PSACH is caused by mutations in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a pentameric matricellular protein expressed primarily in cartilage and other musculoskeletal tissues. Mutations in COMP diminish calcium binding and as a result perturb protein folding and export to the extracellular matrix. Mutant COMP is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of growth plate chondrocytes resulting in massive intracellular COMP retention. COMP trapped in the ER builds an intracellular matrix network that may prevent the normal cellular clearance mechanisms. We have shown that accumulation of intracellular matrix in mutant-COMP (MT-COMP) mice stimulates intense unrelenting ER stress, inflammation and oxidative stress. This cytotoxic stress triggers premature death of growth plate chondrocytes limiting long-bone growth. Here, we review the mutant COMP pathologic mechanisms and anti-inflammatory/antioxidant therapeutic approaches to reduce ER stress. In MT-COMP mice, aspirin and resveratrol both dampen the mutant COMP chondrocyte phenotype by decreasing intracellular accumulation, chondrocyte death and inflammatory marker expression. This reduction in chondrocyte stress translates into an improvement in long-bone growth in the MT-COMP mice. Our efforts now move to translational studies targeted at reducing the clinical consequences of MT-COMP and painful sequelae associated with PSACH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Posey
- McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Jacqueline T Hecht
- McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States; School of Dentistry University of Texas Heath, Houston, TX, United States
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17
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Ryu YH, Lee YJ, Kim KJ, Lee SJ, Han YN, Rhie JW. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)-Like Repeats and Discoidin I-Like Domains 3 (EDIL3): A Potential New Therapeutic Tool for the Treatment of Keloid Scars. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:267-277. [PMID: 30603483 PMCID: PMC6171597 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In keloids, the mechanism underlying the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix after injury of the skin is unclear, and there is no effective treatment because of the incomplete understanding of their pathogenesis; thus, a high recurrence rate is observed. We studied a new marker of keloids to determine a new treatment strategy. First, the keloid gene expression profile (GSE44270) was analyzed (downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database) and the new keloid marker candidate, epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains 3 (EDIL3) which were upregulated in keloid samples was identified. Knockdown of EDIL3 is known to suppresses angiogenesis by downregulating relevant inhibitory factors that can limit the supply of survival factors to tumor cells from the circulation via the vascular endothelial cells. In keloids, the mechanism of action of EDIL3 may be similar to that in tumors; the inhibition of apoptosis in tumor cells via a reduction in the apoptosis of blood vessels by upregulating an angiogenic factor. To determine whether EDIL3 is involved in keloid formation, we performed knockdown of EDIL3 in keloid fibroblasts in vitro by transfection with anti-EDIL3 small interfering RNA (via microporation). EDIL3 was upregulated in keloid fibroblasts compared with normal fibroblasts in collagen type I, II and III. Our results indicate the control of EDIL3 expression may be a new promising treatment of keloid disease also the molecular targeting of EDIL3 may improve the quality of treatment and reduce the formation of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Hee Ryu
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Department of Plastic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Korea
| | - Ki-Joo Kim
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Korea
| | - Yu-Na Han
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Korea
| | - Jong-Won Rhie
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Korea
- Department of Plastic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591 Korea
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18
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Jumper N, Hodgkinson T, Paus R, Bayat A. Site-specific gene expression profiling as a novel strategy for unravelling keloid disease pathobiology. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172955. [PMID: 28257480 PMCID: PMC5336271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid disease (KD) is a fibroproliferative cutaneous tumour characterised by heterogeneity, excess collagen deposition and aggressive local invasion. Lack of a validated animal model and resistance to a multitude of current therapies has resulted in unsatisfactory clinical outcomes of KD management. In order to address KD from a new perspective, we applied for the first time a site-specific in situ microdissection and gene expression profiling approach, through combined laser capture microdissection and transcriptomic array. The aim here was to analyse the utility of this approach compared with established methods of investigation, including whole tissue biopsy and monolayer cell culture techniques. This study was designed to approach KD from a hypothesis-free and compartment-specific angle, using state-of-the-art microdissection and gene expression profiling technology. We sought to characterise expression differences between specific keloid lesional sites and elucidate potential contributions of significantly dysregulated genes to mechanisms underlying keloid pathobiology, thus informing future explorative research into KD. Here, we highlight the advantages of our in situ microdissection strategy in generating expression data with improved sensitivity and accuracy over traditional methods. This methodological approach supports an active role for the epidermis in the pathogenesis of KD through identification of genes and upstream regulators implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, inflammation and immune modulation. We describe dermal expression patterns crucial to collagen deposition that are associated with TGFβ-mediated signalling, which have not previously been examined in KD. Additionally, this study supports the previously proposed presence of a cancer-like stem cell population in KD and explores the possible contribution of gene dysregulation to the resistance of KD to conventional therapy. Through this innovative in situ microdissection gene profiling approach, we provide better-defined gene signatures of distinct KD regions, thereby addressing KD heterogeneity, facilitating differential diagnosis with other cutaneous fibroses via transcriptional fingerprinting, and highlighting key areas for future KD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Jumper
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - T. Hodgkinson
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Centre for Tissue Injury and Repair, University of Manchester, and MAHSC, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R. Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and MAHSC, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A. Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and MAHSC, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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19
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Srisuttiyakorn C, Aunhachoke K. Scleroderma with Nodular Scleroderma. Case Rep Dermatol 2016; 8:303-310. [PMID: 27920682 PMCID: PMC5126599 DOI: 10.1159/000452324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nodular scleroderma is a rare variant of scleroderma which can occur in connection with systemic sclerosis or morphea. A biopsy from the lesion can demonstrate the scleroderma pattern, i.e., keloid pattern or mixed type. Treatment is challenging, and several treatments modalities have been reported with unsatisfactory results. MAIN OBSERVATIONS We present a case of systemic sclerosis in a 50-year-old female who developed nodular scleroderma in the absence of deterioration of the scleroderma condition. Although no additional treatment was given, the lesions remained stable without progression. CONCLUSIONS Although this condition is rare, it has been reported sporadically, and clinicians should be able to recognize this variant in cases of scleroderma presenting with firm nodules or plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutika Srisuttiyakorn
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kobkul Aunhachoke
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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20
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Magdaleno F, Arriazu E, Ruiz de Galarreta M, Chen Y, Ge X, Conde de la Rosa L, Nieto N. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein participates in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. J Hepatol 2016; 65:963-971. [PMID: 27318326 PMCID: PMC5831373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver fibrosis is characterized by significant accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, mainly fibrillar collagen-I, as a result of persistent liver injury. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is largely found in the ECM of skeletal tissue. Increased COMP expression has been associated with fibrogenesis in systemic sclerosis, lung fibrosis, chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We hypothesized that COMP could induce fibrillar collagen-I deposition and participate in matrix remodeling thus contributing to the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis. METHODS Thioacetamide (TAA) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were used to induce liver fibrosis in wild-type (WT) and Comp-/- mice. In vitro experiments were performed with primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). RESULTS COMP expression was detected in livers from control WT mice and was upregulated in response to either TAA or CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. TAA-treated or CCl4-injected Comp-/- mice showed less liver injury, inflammation and fibrosis compared to their corresponding control WT mice. Challenge of HSCs with recombinant COMP (rCOMP) induced intra- plus extracellular collagen-I deposition and increased matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 9 and 13, albeit similar expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) protein, in addition to Tgfβ, tumour necrosis factor alpha (Tnfα) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (Timp1) mRNAs. We demonstrated that COMP binds collagen-I; yet, it does not prevent collagen-I cleavage by MMP1. Last, rCOMP induced collagen-I expression in HSCs via CD36 receptor signaling and activation of the MEK1/2-pERK1/2 pathway. CONCLUSION These results suggest that COMP contributes to liver fibrosis by regulating collagen-I deposition. LAY SUMMARY Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) induces fibrillar collagen-I deposition via the CD36 receptor signaling and activation of the MEK1/2-pERK1/2 pathway, and participates in extracellular matrix remodeling contributing to the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Magdaleno
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1123, 1425 Madison Avenue, Room 11-70, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Elena Arriazu
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1123, 1425 Madison Avenue, Room 11-70, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marina Ruiz de Galarreta
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1123, 1425 Madison Avenue, Room 11-70, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Xiaodong Ge
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1123, 1425 Madison Avenue, Room 11-70, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Laura Conde de la Rosa
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1123, 1425 Madison Avenue, Room 11-70, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Natalia Nieto
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1123, 1425 Madison Avenue, Room 11-70, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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21
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Kobayashi M, Kawabata K, Kusaka-Kikushima A, Sugiyama Y, Mabuchi T, Takekoshi S, Miyasaka M, Ozawa A, Sakai S. Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Increases in Photodamaged Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1143-1149. [PMID: 26968261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is a structural component of cartilage. Recent studies have described COMP as a pathogenic factor that promotes collagen deposition in fibrotic skin disorders such as scleroderma and keloid skin. Although collagen, a major dermis component, is thought to decrease in photoaged skin, recent reports have demonstrated the presence of tightly packed collagen fibrils with a structural resemblance to fibrosis in the papillary dermis of photoaged skin. Here we examined how photoaging damage relates to COMP expression and localization in photoaged skin. In situ hybridization revealed an increase in COMP-mRNA-positive cells with the progress of photoaging in preauricular skin (sun-exposed skin). The signal intensity of immunostaining for COMP increased with photoaging in not only the papillary dermis but also the reticular dermis affected by advancing solar elastosis. Immunoelectron microscopy detected the colocalization of COMP with both elastotic materials and collagen fibrils in photoaged skin. Ultraviolet light A irradiation of human dermal fibroblasts induced COMP expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Ultraviolet light A-induced COMP expression was inhibited by an anti-transforming growth factor-β antibody or SB431542, an activin receptor-like kinase 5 inhibitor. These results suggest that the transforming growth factor-β-mediated upregulation of COMP expression may contribute to the modulation of dermal extracellular matrix in the photoaging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Plastic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Keigo Kawabata
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Yoshinori Sugiyama
- Health Beauty Products Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Mabuchi
- Department of Dermatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Susumu Takekoshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Muneo Miyasaka
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Ozawa
- Department of Dermatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shingo Sakai
- Health Beauty Products Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
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22
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Wang R, Chen J, Zhang Z, Cen Y. Role of chymase in the local renin-angiotensin system in keloids: inhibition of chymase may be an effective therapeutic approach to treat keloids. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:4979-88. [PMID: 26357464 PMCID: PMC4560513 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s87842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Histologically, keloids contain excess fibroblasts and an overabundance of dermal collagen. Recently, it was reported that chymase induced a profibrotic response via transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad activation in keloid fibroblasts (KFs). However, the role of chymase in the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in keloids has not been elucidated. This study aims to determine whether chymase plays an important role in the local RAS in keloids. Methods We compared the expression and activity of chymase in keloids and normal skin tissues using Western blotting and radioimmunoassay, and studied the expression of TGF-β1, interleukin-1β, collagen I, hydroxyproline, and angiotensin II in KFs after chymase and inhibitors’ treatment. Results The results revealed an increased activity of chymase in keloid tissues, and that chymase enhanced the expression of angiotensin II, collagen I, TGF-β1, and interleukin-1β in KFs. Blockade of the chymase pathway involved in the local RAS lowered the expression of these signaling factors. Conclusion This research suggests that inhibition of chymase might be an effective therapeutic approach to improve the clinical treatment of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Cen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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23
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Tan J, He W, Luo G, Wu J. iTRAQ-based proteomic profiling reveals different protein expression between normal skin and hypertrophic scar tissue. BURNS & TRAUMA 2015; 3:13. [PMID: 27574659 PMCID: PMC4964291 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-015-0016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hypertrophic scar is a unique fibrotic disease that only exists in humans. Despite advances in burn care and rehabilitation, as well as progress in the management during these decades, the hypertrophic scar remains hard to cure following surgical methods and drugs for treatment. In this study, we are looking forward to finding the multitude of possible traumatic mechanisms and the underlying molecular signal ways in the formation of the hypertrophic scar. METHODS We used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling technology, followed by high-throughput 2D LC-MS/MS, to determine relative quantitative differential proteins between the hypertrophic scar and normal skin tissue. RESULTS A total of 3166 proteins were identified with a high confidence (≥95 % confidence). And, a total of 89 proteins were identified as the differential proteins between the hypertrophic scar and normal skin, among which 41 proteins were up-regulated and 48 proteins were down-regulated in the hypertrophic scar. GO-Analysis indicated the up-regulated proteins were involved in extracellular matrix, whereas the down-regulated proteins were involved in dynamic junction and structural molecule activity. CONCLUSIONS In our study, we demonstrate 89 proteins present differently in the hypertrophic scar compared to normal skin by iTRAQ technology, which might indicate the pathologic process of hypertrophic scar formation and guide us to propose new strategies against the hypertrophic scar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglin Tan
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injuries, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injuries, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injuries, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Jun Wu
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injuries, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
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Annexin A2 participates in human skin keloid formation by inhibiting fibroblast proliferation. Arch Dermatol Res 2014; 306:347-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-014-1438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Vuga LJ, Milosevic J, Pandit K, Ben-Yehudah A, Chu Y, Richards T, Sciurba J, Myerburg M, Zhang Y, Parwani AV, Gibson KF, Kaminski N. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83120. [PMID: 24376648 PMCID: PMC3869779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and life threatening disease with median survival of 2.5-3 years. The IPF lung is characterized by abnormal lung remodeling, epithelial cell hyperplasia, myofibroblast foci formation, and extracellular matrix deposition. Analysis of gene expression microarray data revealed that cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a non-collagenous extracellular matrix protein is among the most significantly up-regulated genes (Fold change 13, p-value <0.05) in IPF lungs. This finding was confirmed at the mRNA level by nCounter® expression analysis in additional 115 IPF lungs and 154 control lungs as well as at the protein level by western blot analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that COMP was expressed in dense fibrotic regions of IPF lungs and co-localized with vimentin and around pSMAD3 expressing cells. Stimulation of normal human lung fibroblasts with TGF-β1 induced an increase in COMP mRNA and protein expression. Silencing COMP in normal human lung fibroblasts significantly inhibited cell proliferation and negatively impacted the effects of TGF-β1 on COL1A1 and PAI1. COMP protein concentration measured by ELISA assay was significantly increased in serum of IPF patients compared to controls. Analysis of serum COMP concentrations in 23 patients who had prospective blood draws revealed that COMP levels increased in a time dependent fashion and correlated with declines in force vital capacity (FVC). Taken together, our results should encourage more research into the potential use of COMP as a biomarker for disease activity and TGF-β1 activity in patients with IPF. Hence, studies that explore modalities that affect COMP expression, alleviate extracellular matrix rigidity and lung restriction in IPF and interfere with the amplification of TGF-β1 signaling should be persuaded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J. Vuga
- Dorothy P and Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jadranka Milosevic
- Dorothy P and Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kusum Pandit
- Dorothy P and Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ahmi Ben-Yehudah
- Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Women’s Research Institute and Foundation, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yanxia Chu
- Dorothy P and Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Thomas Richards
- Dorothy P and Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Joshua Sciurba
- Dorothy P and Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael Myerburg
- Dorothy P and Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Dorothy P and Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Anil V. Parwani
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kevin F. Gibson
- Dorothy P and Richard P Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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Agarwal P, Schulz JN, Blumbach K, Andreasson K, Heinegård D, Paulsson M, Mauch C, Eming SA, Eckes B, Krieg T. Enhanced deposition of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein is a common feature in fibrotic skin pathologies. Matrix Biol 2013; 32:325-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Systemic sclerosis with multiple nodules: characterization of the extracellular matrix. Arch Dermatol Res 2013; 305:645-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-013-1383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Traumatized muscle is a complex healing environment containing cells with robust reparative and regenerative potential interacting in a cytokine milieu that influences the function and differentiation of these cells, leading to a spectrum of healing responses. In particular, bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is of interest as a potential modulator of healing because its dysregulation has been associated with fibrosis and heterotopic ossification formation. We propose a descriptive study of altered BMP-4 expression in traumatized muscle tissue and to evaluate its role in the fibroregulatory function of resident mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) at the protein- and gene-expression levels. METHODS Protein-level expression of BMP-4 from cells resident in traumatized muscle specimens was evaluated using ELISA and also using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to compare BMP-4 in homogenized muscle tissue specimens. BMP-4, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and osteocalcin expression localization was analyzed via immunohistochemistry. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate fibroregulatory gene expression in MPCs after treatment with BMP-4. RESULTS BMP-4 was present in all traumatized muscle tissue specimens. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that traumatized muscle fibers contained greater number of cells expressing BMP-4 in a more disorganized fashion compared with control samples. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that COMP, growth and differentiation factor-10, and integrin beta-2 were up-regulated, whereas tumor necrosis factor-alpha was significantly down-regulated. COMP expression was colocalized in the traumatized muscle tissue with osteocalcin. CONCLUSIONS BMP-4 has an effect on MPCs that seems to promote fibrotic tissue formation. These findings suggest that BMP-4, while promoting osteoinduction, may also act on MPCs to promote formation of a fibrotic osteoinductive matrix. Thus, this signaling axis might be a potential target for heterotopic ossification prevention.
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Takefuji M, Wirth A, Lukasova M, Takefuji S, Boettger T, Braun T, Althoff T, Offermanns S, Wettschureck N. G(13)-mediated signaling pathway is required for pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Circulation 2012; 126:1972-82. [PMID: 22972902 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.112.109256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac remodeling in response to pressure or volume overload plays an important role in the pathogenesis of heart failure. Various mechanisms have been suggested to translate mechanical stress into structural changes, one of them being the release of humoral factors such as angiotensin II and endothelin-1, which in turn promote cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. A large body of evidence suggests that the prohypertrophic effects of these factors are mediated by receptors coupled to the G(q/11) family of heterotrimeric G proteins. Most G(q/11)-coupled receptors, however, can also activate G proteins of the G(12/13) family, but the role of G(12/13) in cardiac remodeling is not understood. METHODS AND RESULTS We use siRNA-mediated knockdown in vitro and conditional gene inactivation in vivo to study the role of the G(12/13) family in pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling. We show in detail that inducible cardiomyocyte-specific inactivation of the α subunit of G(13), Gα(13), does not affect basal heart function but protects mice from pressure overload-induced hypertrophy and fibrosis as efficiently as inactivation of Gα(q/11). Furthermore, inactivation of Gα(13) prevents the development of heart failure up to 1 year after overloading. On the molecular level, we show that Gα(13), but not Gα(q/11), controls agonist-induced expression of hypertrophy-specific genes through activation of the small GTPase RhoA and consecutive activation of myocardin-related transcription factors. CONCLUSION Our data show that the G(12/13) family of heterotrimeric G proteins is centrally involved in pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling and plays a central role in the transition to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikito Takefuji
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
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