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Mostaar A, Behroozi Z, MotamedNezhad A, Taherkhani S, Mojarad N, Ramezani F, Janzadeh A, Hajimirzaie P. The effect of intra spinal administration of cerium oxide nanoparticles on central pain mechanism: An experimental study. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2024:10.1007/s10863-024-10033-y. [PMID: 39102102 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-024-10033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeONPs) effect on central neuropathic pain (CNP). The compressive method of spinal cord injury (SCI) model was used for pain induction. Three groups were formed by a random allocation of 24 rats. In the treatment group, CeONPs were injected above and below the lesion site immediately after inducing SCI. pain symptoms were evaluated using acetone, Radian Heat, and Von Frey tests weekly for six weeks. Finally, we counted fibroblasts using H&E staining. We evaluated the expression of Cx43, GAD65 and HDAC2 proteins using the western blot method. The analysis of results was done by PRISM software. At the end of the study, we found that CeONPs reduced pain symptoms to levels similar to those observed in normal animals. CeONPs also increased the expression of GAD65 and Cx43 proteins but did not affect HDAC2 inhibition. CeONPs probably have a pain-relieving effect on chronic pain by potentially preserving GAD65 and Cx43 protein expression and hindering fibroblast infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mostaar
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Behroozi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali MotamedNezhad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Sourosh Taherkhani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Mojarad
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, , Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Atousa Janzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pooya Hajimirzaie
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Abbasifard M, Khorramdelazad H. Harmonizing hope: navigating the osteoarthritis melody through the CCL2/CCR2 axis for innovative therapeutic avenues. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1387651. [PMID: 39076996 PMCID: PMC11284107 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1387651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by a complex interplay of molecular signals orchestrated by the CCL2/CCR2 axis. The pathogenesis of OA has been revealed to be influenced by a multifaceted effect of CCL2/CCR2 signaling on inflammation, cartilage degradation, and joint homeostasis. The CCL2/CCR2 axis promotes immune cell recruitment and tips the balance toward degeneration by influencing chondrocyte behavior. Insights into these intricate pathways will offer novel therapeutic approaches, paving the way for targeted interventions that may redefine OA management in the future. This review article explores the molecular symphony through the lens of the CCL2/CCR2 axis, providing a harmonious blend of current knowledge and future directions on OA treatment. Furthermore, in this study, through a meticulous review of recent research, the key players and molecular mechanisms that amplify the catabolic cascade within the joint microenvironment are identified, and therapeutic approaches to targeting the CCL2/CCR axis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Abbasifard
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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3
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Zapata-Linares N, Berenbaum F, Houard X. Role of joint adipose tissues in osteoarthritis. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2024; 85:214-219. [PMID: 38871517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disease, without any curative treatment. Obesity being the main modifiable risk factor for OA, much attention focused on the role of adipose tissues (AT). In addition to the involvement of visceral and subcutaneous AT via systemic ways, many arguments also highlight the involvement of local AT, present in joint tissues. Local AT include intra-articular AT (IAAT), which border the synovium, and bone marrow AT (BMAT) localized within marrow cavities in the bones. This review describes the known features and involvement of IAAT and BMAT in joint homeostasis and OA. Recent findings evidence that alteration in magnetic resonance imaging signal intensity of infrapatellar fat pad can be predictive of the development and progression of knee OA. IAAT and synovium are partners of the same functional unit; IAAT playing an early and pivotal role in synovial inflammation and fibrosis and OA pain. BMAT, whose functions have only recently begun to be studied, is in close functional interaction with its microenvironment. The volume and molecular profile of BMAT change according to the pathophysiological context, enabling fine regulation of haematopoiesis and bone metabolism. Although its role in OA has not yet been studied, the localization of BMAT, its functions and the importance of the bone remodelling processes that occur in OA argue in favour of a role for BMAT in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zapata-Linares
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne université, Inserm, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne université, Inserm, 75012 Paris, France; Rheumatology Department, AP-HP Saint-Antoine Hospital, 184, rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Xavier Houard
- Centre de recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne université, Inserm, 75012 Paris, France.
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Yu A. Expression of macrophage activation‑specific factors in hyperplastic scar tissue during hyperplasia phase by antibody array blotting membrane assay and its clinical significance. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:116. [PMID: 38361512 PMCID: PMC10867714 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The expression of macrophage activation-specific factors in hyperplastic scar (HS) tissues during hyperplasia phase was detected by antibody array imprinted membrane method and the role of macrophage activation in the natural evolution of HS was explored. A total of 83 patients with HS admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (Jilin, China) between February 2021 and July 2021 were enrolled. The clinical data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into the hyperplasia HS group (n=26) and the decline HS group (the HS tissues ceased to grow and were in regression periods; n=57) according to the time of scar formation and clinical characteristics. The HS tissues were collected from patients in both groups. The contents of IL-12, IL-10, VEGF and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were detected by antibody array imprinted membrane method and the contents of IL-12, IL-10, VEGF and bFGF in tissues with various groups of tissues and clinical features were compared. The connection between macrophage activation-specific factors with VEGF and bFGF was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The contents of IL-10 (9.48±1.06), VEGF (24.15±2.64) and bFGF (37.48±2.56) were much lower and IL-12 levels (16.45±0.85) were strongly higher in hyperplasia HS group compared with those in the decline HS group (14.56±1.26 for IL-10, 27.85±2.63 for VEGF, 43.15±3.16 for bFGF and 10.46±0.75 for IL-12, P<0.001). In the hyperplasia HS group, the contents of IL-10, VEGF and bFGF were obviously higher and the IL-12 levels were markedly lower in patients with age ≥30 years, protuberance height <2 mm, soft flexibility, low hyperemia degree and no concomitant symptoms than those in the patients with age <30 years, protuberance height ≥2 mm, hard flexibility, high hyperemia degree and concomitant symptoms (P<0.001). Pearson correlation analysis showed that IL-12 was negatively correlated with VEGF and bFGF (r=-0.328, 0.600, P<0.01). IL-10 was positively correlated with VEGF and bFGF (r=0.486, 0.684, respectively, P<0.001). In conclusion, macrophage activation-specific factors were abnormally expressed in hyperplasia HS, mainly M1 macrophages, accompanied by severe inflammatory reaction. The transformation of M1 macrophage into M2 macrophage usually occurred during the declining HS phase, which accelerated scar formation by promoting the formation of fibroblasts and angiogenesis. Detection of macrophage activation-specific factors may contribute to evaluate the clinical stage of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132011, P.R. China
| | - Aiping Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132011, P.R. China
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Tang S, Yao L, Ruan J, Kang J, Cao Y, Nie X, Lan W, Zhu Z, Han W, Liu Y, Tian J, Seale P, Qin L, Ding C. Single-cell atlas of human infrapatellar fat pad and synovium implicates APOE signaling in osteoarthritis pathology. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadf4590. [PMID: 38266107 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf4590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) and synovium play essential roles in maintaining knee joint homeostasis and in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). The cellular and transcriptional mechanisms regulating the function of these specialized tissues under healthy and diseased conditions are largely unknown. Here, single-cell and single-nuclei RNA sequencing of human IPFP and synovial tissues were performed to elucidate the cellular composition and transcriptional profile. Computational trajectory analysis revealed that dipeptidyl peptidase 4+ mesenchymal cells function as a common progenitor for IPFP adipocytes and synovial lining layer fibroblasts, suggesting that IPFP and synovium represent an integrated tissue unit. OA induced a profibrotic and inflammatory phenotype in mesenchymal lineage cells with biglycan+ intermediate fibroblasts as a major contributor to OA fibrosis. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) signaling from intermediate fibroblasts and macrophages was identified as a critical regulatory factor. Ex vivo incubation of human cartilage with soluble APOE accelerated proteoglycan degeneration. Inhibition of APOE signaling by intra-articular injection of an anti-APOE neutralizing antibody attenuated the progression of collagenase-induced OA in mice, demonstrating a detrimental effect of APOE on cartilage. Our studies provide a framework for designing further therapeutic strategies for OA by describing the cellular and transcriptional landscape of human IPFP and synovium in healthy versus OA joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su'an Tang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
- Centre of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Lutian Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Jianzhao Ruan
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Jingliang Kang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Yumei Cao
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Xiaoyu Nie
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Weiren Lan
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhu
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Weiyu Han
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
- Centre of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Yongguang Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Centre of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Patrick Seale
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Changhai Ding
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
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M. S. Barron A, Fabre T, De S. Distinct fibroblast functions associated with fibrotic and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and their implications for therapeutic development. F1000Res 2024; 13:54. [PMID: 38681509 PMCID: PMC11053351 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.143472.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are ubiquitous cells that can adopt many functional states. As tissue-resident sentinels, they respond to acute damage signals and shape the earliest events in fibrotic and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Upon sensing an insult, fibroblasts produce chemokines and growth factors to organize and support the response. Depending on the size and composition of the resulting infiltrate, these activated fibroblasts may also begin to contract or relax thus changing local stiffness within the tissue. These early events likely contribute to the divergent clinical manifestations of fibrotic and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Further, distinct changes to the cellular composition and signaling dialogue in these diseases drive progressive fibroblasts specialization. In fibrotic diseases, fibroblasts support the survival, activation and differentiation of myeloid cells, granulocytes and innate lymphocytes, and produce most of the pathogenic extracellular matrix proteins. Whereas, in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, sequential accumulation of dendritic cells, T cells and B cells programs fibroblasts to support local, destructive adaptive immune responses. Fibroblast specialization has clear implications for the development of effective induction and maintenance therapies for patients with these clinically distinct diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. S. Barron
- Inflammation & Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Thomas Fabre
- Inflammation & Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Saurav De
- Inflammation & Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
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Li K, Zeng X, Liu P, Zeng X, Lv J, Qiu S, Zhang P. The Role of Inflammation-Associated Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4301-4315. [PMID: 37791117 PMCID: PMC10544098 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s428358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which originates in the head or neck tissues, is characterized by high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Inflammation is important in HNSCC prognosis. Inflammatory cells and their secreted factors contribute to the various stages of HNSCC development through multiple mechanisms. In this review, the mechanisms through which inflammatory factors, signaling pathways, and cells contribute to the initiation and progression of HNSCC have been discussed in detail. Furthermore, the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of targeting inflammation in HNSCC has been discussed to gain new insights into improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Lv
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Tyavambiza C, Meyer M, Wusu AD, Madiehe AM, Meyer S. The Antioxidant and In Vitro Wound Healing Activity of Cotyledon orbiculata Aqueous Extract and the Synthesized Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416094. [PMID: 36555732 PMCID: PMC9781072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using biogenic methods, particularly plants, has led to the discovery of several effective nanoparticles. In many instances, plant-derived silver nanoparticles have been shown to have more activity than the plant extract which was used to synthesize the nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using the medicinal plant, Cotyledon orbiculata. This is a shrub found in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It has a long history of use in traditional medicine in the treatment of wounds and skin infections. The C. orbiculata synthesized silver nanoparticles (Cotyledon-AgNPs) were reported to have good antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities; however, their wound-healing properties have not been determined. This study aimed to determine the wound healing activity of Cotyledon-AgNPs using the scratch assay. Gene expression studies were also done to determine the nanoparticles' mechanism of action. The Cotyledon-AgNPs showed good antioxidant, growth-promoting and cell migration properties. Gene expression studies showed that the C. orbiculata water extract and Cotyledon-AgNPs promoted wound healing by upregulating genes involved in cell proliferation, migration and growth while downregulating pro-inflammatory genes. This confirms, for the first time that a water extract of C. orbiculata and silver nanoparticles synthesized from this extract are good wound-healing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Tyavambiza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7530, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7530, South Africa
| | - Adedoja Dorcas Wusu
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7530, South Africa
| | - Abram Madimabe Madiehe
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7530, South Africa
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7530, South Africa
| | - Samantha Meyer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-21-959-6251
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Colati R, Pagano A. Effectiveness of Osteopathic Treatment on the Spinal Column as Measured by the Spinal Mouse®: A Case Series. Cureus 2022; 14:e28074. [PMID: 36127955 PMCID: PMC9477510 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This case series aims to compare changes in spinal column mobility using the Spinal Mouse® (Idiag, Volketswil, Switzerland), a device providing a spatial survey of a single vertebra's position. The measurements have been made before and after an osteopathic treatment with different spinal column positions on healthy subjects. We presumed that osteopathic treatment is able to improve spinal column mobility. Methods The measurement was carried out with the naked spinal column in the following positions: standing, static bending, dynamic bending, and conducting the static Matthiass test, which consists of maintaining the standing position with outstretched arms, with a 1 kg weight. We evaluated the vertebral tilt degrees and changes in height (expressed in mm) in the mentioned positions before and after the osteopathic treatment. Results We observed improvements in spinal column tilt (expressed in degrees) and in vertebral metameres length (expressed in mm) in a standing position (T<0.04 and T<0.04). We also noted a global increase in tilt (expressed in degrees) during the static bending position (T<0.05) and in the thoracic tract during the Matthiass test (T<0.02). Conclusions The present study highlighted that osteopathic treatment was able to increase vertebral mobility, concerning tilt (expressed in degrees) and length (expressed in mm), evaluated in different positions.
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Hashemi SA, Azad A, Erfani A, Shahriarirad R, Azarpira N. Promising results of captopril in improving knee arthrofibrosis and cartilage status: an animal model study. J Exp Orthop 2022; 9:72. [PMID: 35900609 PMCID: PMC9334488 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-022-00516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Several cytokines and growth factors start and progress the destruction process of joint hyaline cartilage and fibrosis formation. Captopril is classified as an Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in which several studies revealed that captopril significantly decreases fibrosis formation in some organs like the liver, heart, and kidney. This study aimed to evaluate the use of captopril in reducing the possibility of arthrofibrosis and osteoarthritis in an animal model. METHOD In this in-vivo animal model study, the anterior cruciate ligament of 24 rabbits was transected to induce osteoarthritis and arthrofibrosis. The control group contained 11 rabbits and the second group consisted of 13 rabbits. The second group was treated with 10 mg/ kilogram/day captopril through a nasogastric tube. The control group was treated with normal saline in the same way. Cartilage damage and osteoarthritis were evaluated by Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system. After 30 days, animals were sacrificed, and arthrofibrosis and cartilage damage were evaluated microscopically and macroscopically. RESULTS According to macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, captopril dramatically reduced arthrofibrosis formation based on visual scoring and the Masson trichrome staining system. Cartilage damage was lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that demonstrated to significantly decreases the possibility of arthrofibrosis. Although the beneficial preventive effect of captopril on osteoarthritis was not proved statistically, better results may be obtained if the route of administration or drug dosage is changed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Hashemi
- Research Center for Bone and Joint Diseases, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chamran Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Azad
- Research Center for Bone and Joint Diseases, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chamran Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Erfani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Shahriarirad
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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11
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Neshasteh-Riz A, Ramezani F, Kookli K, Moghaddas Fazeli S, Motamed A, Nasirinezhad F, Janzadeh A, Hamblin MR, Asadi M. Optimization of the Duration and Dose of Photobiomodulation Therapy (660 nm Laser) for Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:488-498. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Neshasteh-Riz
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keihan Kookli
- International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Occupational Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedalireza Moghaddas Fazeli
- International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Occupational Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Motamed
- Islamic Azad University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Atousa Janzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Mohammadreza Asadi
- Department of Medical Physics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Wang Z, Qi F, Luo H, Xu G, Wang D. Inflammatory Microenvironment of Skin Wounds. Front Immunol 2022; 13:789274. [PMID: 35300324 PMCID: PMC8920979 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.789274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a dynamic and highly regulated process that can be separated into three overlapping and interdependent phases: inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. This review focuses on the inflammation stage, as it is the key stage of wound healing and plays a vital role in the local immune response and determines the progression of wound healing. Inflammatory cells, the main effector cells of the inflammatory response, have been widely studied, but little attention has been paid to the immunomodulatory effects of wound healing in non-inflammatory cells and the extracellular matrix. In this review, we attempt to deepen our understanding of the wound-healing microenvironment in the inflammatory stage by focusing on the interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix, as well as their role in regulating the immune response during the inflammatory stage. We hope our findings will provide new ideas for promoting tissue regeneration through immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Fang Qi
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Han Luo
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guangchao Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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13
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Shinotsuka N, Denk F. Fibroblasts: the neglected cell type in peripheral sensitisation and chronic pain? A review based on a systematic search of the literature. BMJ OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 6:e100235. [PMID: 35128075 PMCID: PMC8768938 DOI: 10.1136/bmjos-2021-100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain and its underlying biological mechanisms have been studied for many decades, with a myriad of molecules, receptors and cell types known to contribute to abnormal pain sensations. Besides an obvious role for neurons, immune cells like microglia, macrophages and T cells are also important drivers of persistent pain. While neuroinflammation has therefore been widely studied in pain research, there is one cell type that appears to be rather neglected in this context: the humble fibroblast. Fibroblasts may seem unassuming but actually play a major part in regulating immune cell function and driving chronic inflammation. Here, our aim was to determine the breadth and quality of research that implicates fibroblasts in chronic pain conditions and models. OBJECTIVES We set out to analyse the current literature on this topic-using systematic screening and data extraction methods to obtain a balanced view on what has been published. METHODS We categorised the articles we included-stratifying them according to what was investigated, the estimated quality of results and any common conclusions. RESULTS We found that there has been surprisingly little research in this area: 134 articles met our inclusion criteria, only a tiny minority of which directly investigated interactions between fibroblasts and peripheral neurons. CONCLUSIONS Fibroblasts are a ubiquitous cell type and a prominent source of many proalgesic mediators in a wide variety of tissues. We think that they deserve a more central role in pain research and propose a new, testable model of how fibroblasts might drive peripheral neuron sensitisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Shinotsuka
- Laboratory for Pharmacology, Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Franziska Denk
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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14
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Cuypers F, Schäfer A, Skorka SB, Surabhi S, Tölken LA, Paulikat AD, Kohler TP, Otto SA, Mettenleiter TC, Hammerschmidt S, Blohm U, Siemens N. Innate immune responses at the asymptomatic stage of influenza A viral infections of Streptococcus pneumoniae colonized and non-colonized mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20609. [PMID: 34663857 PMCID: PMC8523748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal Influenza A virus (IAV) infections can promote dissemination of upper respiratory tract commensals such as Streptococcus pneumoniae to the lower respiratory tract resulting in severe life-threatening pneumonia. Here, we aimed to compare innate immune responses in the lungs of healthy colonized and non-colonized mice after IAV challenge at the initial asymptomatic stage of infection. Responses during a severe bacterial pneumonia were profiled for comparison. Cytokine and innate immune cell imprints of the lungs were analyzed. Irrespective of the colonization status, mild H1N1 IAV infection was characterized by a bi-phasic disease progression resulting in full recovery of the animals. Already at the asymptomatic stage of viral infection, the pro-inflammatory cytokine response was as high as in pneumococcal pneumonia. Flow cytometry analyses revealed an early influx of inflammatory monocytes into the lungs. Neutrophil influx was mostly limited to bacterial infections. The majority of cells, except monocytes, displayed an activated phenotype characterized by elevated CCR2 and MHCII expression. In conclusion, we show that IAV challenge of colonized healthy mice does not automatically result in severe co-infection. However, a general local inflammatory response was noted at the asymptomatic stage of infection irrespective of the infection type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Cuypers
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Schäfer
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald - Island of Riems, Germany
| | - Sebastian B Skorka
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Surabhi Surabhi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lea A Tölken
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Antje D Paulikat
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas P Kohler
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Saskia A Otto
- Institute for Marine Ecosystem and Fisheries Science (IMF), Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas C Mettenleiter
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald - Island of Riems, Germany
| | - Sven Hammerschmidt
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Blohm
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald - Island of Riems, Germany
| | - Nikolai Siemens
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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15
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Radaeva OA, Simbirtsev AS, Kostina Y, Iskandiarova MS, Mashnina SV, Bessheynov DD, Negodnova EV, Kulyapkin VV. Changes in blood levels of IL1 family cytokines in patients with essential hypertension after having COVID-19. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2021.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenetic progression mechanisms in the SARS-CoV-2–essential hypertension (EAH) system are more complex than interaction at the level of angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The study was aimed to assess the dynamic changes of the IL1 members (IL1β, IL1α, IL1ra, IL18, IL18BP, IL37) blood levels in patients with EAH 10, 30, and 180 days after having COVID-19 in order to define cytokine-mediated mechanisms of EAH progression during the period following infection. The study involved four groups of patients: with a history of EAH and COVID-19 (pneumonia/no pneumonia), with a history of COVID-19 (pneumonia/no pneumonia) and no EAH. Cytokine levels were determined by enzyme immunoassay. The study results demonstrate the prolonged proinflammatory immune response during the period following infection in patients with EAH (retaining higher levels of IL1β, IL1α, and IL18 on days 10, 30, and 180 after recovery (р < 0.001) compared to levels measured prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection). In the group with no EAH, the balance of assayed cytokines was restored on day 30 of follow-up. The two-fold increase of blood IL18 levels in patients, having a history of EAH and COVID-19 and showing no increase in the IL18ВР levels after 30 days of follow up compared to the values measured prior to infection, is associated with cardiovascular complications occurring during the first six months of follow-up. This makes it possible to hypothesize the importance of these immunoregulatory peptides for the pathogenesis of complications and enhances the relevance of further scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- OA Radaeva
- National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - AS Simbirtsev
- State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, FMBA, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - YuA Kostina
- National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - MS Iskandiarova
- National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - SV Mashnina
- National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | | | - EV Negodnova
- National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - VV Kulyapkin
- National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
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16
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Zhang Y, Lu S, Fan S, Xu L, Jiang X, Wang K, Cai B. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor activates the inflammatory response in joint capsule fibroblasts following post-traumatic joint contracture. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:5804-5823. [PMID: 33601337 PMCID: PMC7950233 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Joint capsule fibrosis caused by excessive inflammation leading to post-traumatic joint contracture (PTJC). Fibroblasts trigger inflammation under the challenge of various proinflammatory cytokines. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a prominent proinflammatory cytokine involved in inflammation- and fibrosis-associated pathophysiology, we investigated the role of MIF in PTJC. Methods: Using rat PTJC model and fibroblast inflammation model, we detected MIF expression in posterior joint capsule. Primary joint capsule fibroblasts (JFs) were used to investigate the effects of MIF on cell proliferation, migration and proinflammatory cytokines production. The mechanism of JF-mediated events was evaluated by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunoprecipitation. We screened the mRNA expression profile to identify gene candidates that mediate the effect of MIF on JFs. Results: MIF increased in posterior joint capsule following PTJC and co-localized with fibroblasts. Injection of MIF inhibitor significantly suppressed joint capsule inflammation and fibrosis. In vitro, MIF promoted JF proliferation, migration, and inflammation by regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-κB pathway through coupling with CD74. Transcriptome analysis revealed that lipid metabolism-related factors Pla2g2a, Angptl4, and Sgpp2, downstream of MIF/CD74, were potentially implicated in JF inflammation. Conclusion: MIF/CD74 axis elicited JF inflammation and may provide new therapeutic targets for joint capsule fibrosis in PTJC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shenji Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shuai Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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17
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Cooper PO, Haas MR, Noonepalle SKR, Shook BA. Dermal Drivers of Injury-Induced Inflammation: Contribution of Adipocytes and Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1933. [PMID: 33669239 PMCID: PMC7919834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Irregular inflammatory responses are a major contributor to tissue dysfunction and inefficient repair. Skin has proven to be a powerful model to study mechanisms that regulate inflammation. In particular, skin wound healing is dependent on a rapid, robust immune response and subsequent dampening of inflammatory signaling. While injury-induced inflammation has historically been attributed to keratinocytes and immune cells, a vast body of evidence supports the ability of non-immune cells to coordinate inflammation in numerous tissues and diseases. In this review, we concentrate on the active participation of tissue-resident adipocytes and fibroblasts in pro-inflammatory signaling after injury, and how altered cellular communication from these cells can contribute to irregular inflammation associated with aberrant wound healing. Furthering our understanding of how tissue-resident mesenchymal cells contribute to inflammation will likely reveal new targets that can be manipulated to regulate inflammation and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brett A. Shook
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; (P.O.C.); (M.R.H.); (S.k.R.N.)
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epidemiologic studies reveal that the link between obesity and osteoarthritis cannot be uniquely explained by overweight-associated mechanical overload. For this reason, much attention focuses on the endocrine activity of adipose tissues. In addition to the systemic role of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, many arguments highlight the involvement of local adipose tissues in osteoarthritis. RECENT FINDINGS Alteration in MRI signal intensity of the infrapatellar fat pad may predict both accelerated knee osteoarthritis and joint replacement. In this context, recent studies show that mesenchymal stromal cells could play a pivotal role in the pathological remodelling of intra-articular adipose tissues (IAATs) in osteoarthritis. In parallel, recent findings underline bone marrow adipose tissue as a major player in the control of the bone microenvironment, suggesting its possible role in osteoarthritis. SUMMARY The recent description of adipose tissues of various phenotypes within an osteoarthritic joint allows us to evoke their direct involvement in the initiation and progression of the osteoarthritic process. We can expect in the near future the discovery of novel molecules targeting these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent Eymard
- Department of Rheumatology, AP-HP Henri Mondor Hospital
- Gly-CRRET Research Unit 4397, Université Paris-Est Créteil
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA)
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM CRSA, AP-HP Hopital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Houard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA)
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19
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Li CY, Ng Cheong Chung KJ, Ali OME, Chung NDH, Li CH. Literature review of the causes of pain following total knee replacement surgery: prosthesis, inflammation and arthrofibrosis. EFORT Open Rev 2020; 5:534-543. [PMID: 33072405 PMCID: PMC7528670 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse knee pain occurs in 10–34% of all total knee replacements (TKR), and 20% of TKR patients experience more pain post-operatively than pre-operatively. Knee pain is amongst the top five reasons for knee replacement revision in the United Kingdom. The number of TKRs is predicted to continue increasing due to the ageing population. A narrative literature review was performed on the different causes of pain following TKR. A database search on Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar was conducted to look for articles related to TKR, pain, and cause. Articles were selected based on relevance, publication date, quality of research and validation. Relevant sections were added to the review. One hundred and fourteen articles were identified and potential causes of TKR pain included: arthrofibrosis, aseptic loosening, avascular necrosis, central sensitization, component malpositioning, infection, instability, nerve damage, overstuffing, patellar maltracking, polyethylene wear, psychological factors and unresurfaced patella. It is important to tailor our approach to address the individual causes of pain. Certain controllable risk factors can be managed pre-operatively to minimize post-operative pain. Risk factors help to predict adverse pain outcomes and identify specific causes. There are multiple causes of pain following TKR. Some factors will require further extensive studies, and as pain is a commonly attributed reason for TKR revision, its underlying aetiologies should be explored. Understanding these factors helps to develop effective methods for diagnosis, prevention and management of TKR pain, which help to improve patient outcomes.
Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:534-543. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200031
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk Yin Li
- School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Omar M E Ali
- School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicholas D H Chung
- School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Cheuk Heng Li
- School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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20
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Attard V, Li CY, Self A, Mann DA, Borthwick LA, O’Connor P, Deehan DJ, Kalson NS. Quantification of intra-articular fibrosis in patients with stiff knee arthroplasties using metal-reduction MRI. Bone Joint J 2020; 102-B:1331-1340. [PMID: 32993344 PMCID: PMC7517723 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.102b10.bjj-2020-0841.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Stiffness is a common complication after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Pathogenesis is not understood, treatment options are limited, and diagnosis is challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate if MRI can be used to visualize intra-articular scarring in patients with stiff, painful knee arthroplasties. METHODS Well-functioning primary TKAs (n = 11), failed non-fibrotic TKAs (n = 5), and patients with a clinical diagnosis of fibrosis1 (n = 8) underwent an MRI scan with advanced metal suppression (Slice Encoding for Metal Artefact Correction, SEMAC) with gadolinium contrast. Fibrotic tissue (low intensity on T1 and T2, low-moderate post-contrast enhancement) was quantified (presence and tissue thickness) in six compartments: supra/infrapatella, medial/lateral gutters, and posterior medial/lateral. RESULTS Fibrotic tissue was identified in all patients studied. However, tissue was significantly thicker in fibrotic patients (4.4 mm ± 0.2 mm) versus non-fibrotic (2.5 mm ± 0.4 mm) and normal TKAs (1.9 mm ± 0.2 mm, p = < 0.05). Significant (> 4 mm thick) tissue was seen in 26/48 (54%) of compartments examined in the fibrotic group, compared with 17/30 (57%) non-fibrotic, and 10/66 (15%) normal TKAs. Although revision surgery did improve range of movement (ROM) in all fibrotic patients, clinically significant restriction remained post-surgery. CONCLUSION Stiff TKAs contain intra-articular fibrotic tissue that is identifiable by MRI. Studies should evaluate whether MRI is useful for surgical planning of debridement, and as a non-invasive measurement tool following interventions for stiffness caused by fibrosis. Revision for stiffness can improve ROM, but outcomes are sub-optimal and new treatments are required. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(10):1331-1340.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Attard
- Leeds NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Cheuk Yin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alexander Self
- Department of Radiology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek A. Mann
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lee A. Borthwick
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Phil O’Connor
- Leeds NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - David J. Deehan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicholas S. Kalson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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21
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Behroozi Z, Ramezani F, Janzadeh A, Rahimi B, Nasirinezhad F. Platelet-rich plasma in umbilical cord blood reduces neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury by altering the expression of ATP receptors. Physiol Behav 2020; 228:113186. [PMID: 32980385 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain following injury or dysfunction of the peripheral or CNS is one of the most important medical challenges to treat. Humane platelet-rich plasma (HPRP), which is a rich source of growth factors, may be able to treat and reduce pain caused by spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, the effect of HPRP on neuropathic pain caused by SCI was investigated. METHODS Sixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: control, sham, SCI, vehicle (SCI+platelet-poor plasma), SCI+ PRP2day (injection 48 hrs after SCI) and SCI+PRP14day (injection 14 days after SCI). SCI was induced at the T12-T13 level. Behavioral tests were conducted weekly after injury for six weeks. Allodynia and hyperalgesia were assessed using acetone drops, plantar test and von Frey filament. Cavity size and the number of fibroblasts were determined by H&E stain, and the expression of mTOR, p-mTOR, P2×3R and P2Y4R were determined using the western blot technique. Data were analyzed using PRISM & SPSS software. RESULTS PRP injection showed a higher pain threshold in mechanical allodynia (p<0.0001), cold allodynia (p<0.0001) and thermal hyperalgesia (p<0.0001) than those in the spinal. Animals treated with PRP also reduced cavity size, fibroblast number, p-mTOR/mTOR ratio, and P2×3R expression, and increased P2Y4R expression. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that PRP reduced SCI-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia by regulating ATP signaling. Using HPRP can open a new window in the treatment of pain caused by damage to the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Behroozi
- Student research committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atousa Janzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Rahimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Nasirinezhad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Chen IJ, Yang CP, Lin SH, Lai CM, Wong CS. The Circadian Hormone Melatonin Inhibits Morphine-Induced Tolerance and Inflammation via the Activation of Antioxidative Enzymes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090780. [PMID: 32842597 PMCID: PMC7555201 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are commonly prescribed for clinical pain management; however, dose-escalation, tolerance, dependence, and addiction limit their usability for long-term chronic pain. The associated poor sleep pattern alters the circadian neurobiology, and further compromises the pain management. Here, we aim to determine the correlation between constant light exposure and morphine tolerance and explore the potential of melatonin as an adjuvant of morphine for neuropathic pain treatment. Methods: Wistar rats were preconditioned under constant light (LL) or a regular light/dark (LD) cycle before neuropathic pain induction by chronic constriction injury. An intrathecal (i.t.) osmotic pump was used for continued drug delivery to induce morphine tolerance. Pain assessments, including the plantar test, static weight-bearing symmetry, and tail-flick latency, were used to determine the impact of the light disruption or exogenous melatonin on the morphine tolerance progression. Results: constant light exposure significantly aggravates morphine tolerance in neuropathic rats. Continued infusion of low-dose melatonin (3 μg/h) attenuated morphine tolerance in both neuropathic and naïve rats. This protective effect was independent of melatonin receptors, as shown by the neutral effect of melatonin receptors inhibitors. The transcriptional profiling demonstrated a significant enhancement of proinflammatory and pain-related receptor genes in morphine-tolerant rats. In contrast, this transcriptional pattern was abolished by melatonin coinfusion along with the upregulation of the Kcnip3 gene. Moreover, melatonin increased the antioxidative enzymes SOD2, HO-1, and GPx1 in the spinal cord of morphine-tolerant rats. Conclusion: Dysregulated circadian light exposure significantly compromises the efficacy of morphine’s antinociceptive effect, while the cotreatment with melatonin attenuates morphine tolerance/hyperalgesia development. Our results suggest the potential of melatonin as an adjuvant of morphine in clinical pain management, particularly in patients who need long-term opioid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ing-Jung Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ping Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsiung Lin
- Planning & Management Office, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Mei Lai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-27082121
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23
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Abdallah FW, Gilron I, Fillingim RB, Tighe P, Parvataneni HK, Ghasemlou N, Sawhney M, McCartney CJL. AAAPT Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Knee Arthroplasty Pain. PAIN MEDICINE (MALDEN, MASS.) 2020; 21:1049-1060. [PMID: 32022891 PMCID: PMC8453639 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between preexisting osteoarthritic pain and subsequent post-total knee arthroplasty (TKA) pain is not well defined. This knowledge gap makes diagnosis of post-TKA pain and development of management plans difficult and may impair future investigations on personalized care. Therefore, a set of diagnostic criteria for identification of acute post-TKA pain would inform standardized management and facilitate future research. METHODS The Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION) public-private partnership with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the American Pain Society (APS), and the American Academy of Pain Medicine (AAPM) formed the ACTTION-APS-AAPM Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) initiative to address this goal. A multidisciplinary work group of pain experts was invited to conceive diagnostic criteria and dimensions of acute post-TKA pain. RESULTS The working group used contemporary literature combined with expert opinion to generate a five-dimensional taxonomical structure based upon the AAAPT framework (i.e., core diagnostic criteria, common features, modulating factors, impact/functional consequences, and putative mechanisms) that characterizes acute post-TKA pain. CONCLUSIONS The diagnostic criteria created are proposed to define the nature of acute pain observed in patients following TKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraj W Abdallah
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian Gilron
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Hari K Parvataneni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Nader Ghasemlou
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mona Sawhney
- School of Nursing & Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin J L McCartney
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Paish HL, Baldock TE, Gillespie CS, del Carpio Pons A, Mann DA, Deehan DJ, Borthwick LA, Kalson NS. Chronic, Active Inflammation in Patients With Failed Total Knee Replacements Undergoing Revision Surgery. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:2316-2324. [PMID: 31231835 PMCID: PMC6851711 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain and restricted knee motion is a significant problem following the total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The molecular pathogenesis of pain post-TKA is not known and no targeted therapeutic intervention is available. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pro-inflammatory mediators are elevated in revision knee patients, indicating an active, ongoing inflammatory process that may contribute to pain. Twelve key markers (pro-inflammatory cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], interleukin 5 [IL-5], IL-8 and IL-10, chemokines CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL13, mediators of angiogenesis Flt-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and cell migration vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1) were measured in knee tissue and synovial fluid (SF) from primary TKA (n = 29) and revision patients (n = 32). Indications for surgery were osteoarthritis (OA) for primary TKA, and component loosening (n = 11), stiffness (n = 11), laxity pattern (n = 8), or progression of OA in patella resurfacing (n = 3) for revision surgery. Pain levels (WOMAC score) were higher in revision than primary patients (p ≤ 0.05). Time from primary to revision ranged from 8 months to 30 years (median 10 years). All markers were elevated in revision TKA; there was no trend toward decreasing levels with greater time from primary surgery for any marker studied in SF. Similar results were seen in knee tissue. We found no differences comparing indications for revision surgery (p ≥ 0.05). The elevation of inflammatory mediators in painful post-TKA knees requiring revision suggests active, chronic inflammation. Characterization of upregulated markers provides rationale for targeted therapy, even many years from the primary surgery. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 37:2316-2324, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L. Paish
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE2 4HHUnited Kingdom
| | - Thomas Edward Baldock
- Musculoskeletal Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle HospitalsNHS TrustNewcastle upon TyneNE7 7DNUnited Kingdom
| | - Colin S. Gillespie
- School of Mathematics & StatisticsNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE2 4HHUnited Kingdom
| | - Alicia del Carpio Pons
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE2 4HHUnited Kingdom
| | - Derek A. Mann
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE2 4HHUnited Kingdom
| | - David J. Deehan
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE2 4HHUnited Kingdom,Musculoskeletal Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle HospitalsNHS TrustNewcastle upon TyneNE7 7DNUnited Kingdom
| | - Lee A. Borthwick
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE2 4HHUnited Kingdom
| | - Nicholas S. Kalson
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE2 4HHUnited Kingdom,Musculoskeletal Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle HospitalsNHS TrustNewcastle upon TyneNE7 7DNUnited Kingdom
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25
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Kondoh N, Mizuno-Kamiya M, Umemura N, Takayama E, Kawaki H, Mitsudo K, Muramatsu Y, Sumitomo S. Immunomodulatory aspects in the progression and treatment of oral malignancy. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2019; 55:113-120. [PMID: 31660091 PMCID: PMC6806653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation substantially affects the risk of oral malignancy. Pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon (IFN)-γ, confers anti-tumor activity using several different mechanisms. Conversely, higher expression of interleukin (IL)-17 is associated with worse prognosis. Monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 correlates positively with poor long-term survival of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. IL-1α affects cancer associated fibroblasts and macrophages, and promote several malignant phenotypes including immune suppression. Some anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, relate to pro-tumoral activities. Among immune checkpoint modulators, programmed death (PD-)1 and PD-ligand (L)1 facilitate oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell evasion from immune surveillance, and the expression status of these has a prognostic value. OSCCs contain tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) as major stromal cells of their tumor microenvironment. Among the two distinctive states, M2 macrophages support tumor invasion, metastasis and immune suppression. Crosstalk between TAMs and OSCC or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) plays an important role in the progression of OSCC. Clinical trials with blocking antibodies against IL-1α or melanoma-associated antigens have been reported as therapeutic approaches against OSCCs. The most promising approach activating antitumor immunity is the blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Manipulating the polarization of pro-tumorigenic macrophages has been reported as a novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Kondoh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Division of Oral Structure, Function and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Masako Mizuno-Kamiya
- Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Business Administration, Asahi University School of Business Administration, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Naoki Umemura
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Division of Oral Structure, Function and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Eiji Takayama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Division of Oral Structure, Function and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Harumi Kawaki
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Division of Oral Structure, Function and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Kenji Mitsudo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasunori Muramatsu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Oral Pathogenesis and Disease Control, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sumitomo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Oral Pathogenesis and Disease Control, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
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26
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Karl F, Wußmann M, Kreß L, Malzacher T, Fey P, Groeber-Becker F, Üçeyler N. Patient-derived in vitro skin models for investigation of small fiber pathology. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:1797-1806. [PMID: 31464071 PMCID: PMC6764636 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To establish individually expandable primary fibroblast and keratinocyte cultures from 3‐mm skin punch biopsies for patient‐derived in vitro skin models to investigate of small fiber pathology. Methods We obtained 6‐mm skin punch biopsies from the calf of two patients with small fiber neuropathy (SFN) and two healthy controls. One half (3 mm) was used for diagnostic intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD). From the second half, we isolated and cultured fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Cells were used to generate patient‐derived full‐thickness three‐dimensional (3D) skin models containing a dermal and epidermal component. Cells and skin models were characterized morphologically, immunocyto‐ and ‐histochemically (vimentin, cytokeratin (CK)‐10, CK 14, ki67, collagen1, and procollagen), and by electrical impedance. Results Distal IENFD was reduced in the SFN patients (2 fibers/mm each), while IENFD was normal in the controls (8 fibers/mm, 7 fibers/mm). Two‐dimensional (2D) cultured skin cells showed normal morphology, adequate viability, and proliferation, and expressed cell‐specific markers without relevant difference between SFN patient and healthy control. Using 2D cultured fibroblasts and keratinocytes, we obtained subject‐derived 3D skin models. Morphology of the 3D model was analogous to the respective skin biopsy specimens. Both, the dermal and the epidermal layer carried cell‐specific markers and showed a homogenous expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Interpretation Our protocol allows the generation of disease‐specific 2D and 3D skin models, which can be used to investigate the cross‐talk between skin cells and sensory neurons in small fiber pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Karl
- Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximiliane Wußmann
- Translational Center Regenerative Therapies, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, Neunerplatz 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Luisa Kreß
- Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Malzacher
- Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Phillip Fey
- Translational Center Regenerative Therapies, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, Neunerplatz 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Groeber-Becker
- Translational Center Regenerative Therapies, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, Neunerplatz 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nurcan Üçeyler
- Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
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Increased symptoms of stiffness 1 year after total knee arthroplasty are associated with a worse functional outcome and lower rate of patient satisfaction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019; 27:1196-1203. [PMID: 29748697 PMCID: PMC6435608 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-4979-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Symptoms of stiffness after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) cause significant morbidity, but there is limited data to facilitate identification of those most at risk after surgery. Stratifying risk can aid earlier directed treatment options. METHODS A retrospective cohort consisting of 2589 patients undergoing a primary TKA was identified from an established arthroplasty database. Patient demographics, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and short form (SF) 12 scores were collected pre-operatively and 1 year post-operatively. In addition, patient satisfaction was assessed for 1 year. Patients with a worse WOMAC stiffness score in 1 year were defined as the "increased" stiffness group and the other cohort as the non-stiffness group. RESULTS At 1 year after surgery 129 (5%) patients had a significant increase in their stiffness symptoms (20%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 17.9-22.0, p < 0.001), and had significantly (all p < 0.001) less of an improvement in their pain, function and total WOMAC scores, and SF-12 scores compared to the non-stiffness group (n = 2460). Patient satisfaction was significantly lower (odds ratio (OR) 0.178, CI 0.121 to 0.262, p < 0.001) for the increased stiffness group. Logistic regression analysis identified male gender (OR 1.66, p = 0.02), lung disease (OR 2.06, p = 0.002), diabetes (OR 1.82, p = 0.02), back pain (OR 1.81, p = 0.005), and a pre-operative stiffness score of 44 or more (OR 5.79, p < 0.001) were significantly predictive of increased stiffness. CONCLUSION Patients with increased symptoms of stiffness after TKA have a worse functional outcome and a lower rate of patient satisfaction, and patients at risk of being in this group should be informed pre-operatively. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Retrospective prognostic study, Level III.
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Hu S, Wang Y, Ke D, Zhou F, Cheng G, Liu H, Xia W, Zhu C. Effect of a novel copper-containing intrauterine device material on the endometrial environment in rabbits. Contraception 2018; 98:323-327. [PMID: 29935149 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) This study aimed to determine whether intrauterine placement of a novel composite material [copper (Cu) microparticles, low-density polyethylene, and methyl vinyl silicone rubber (Cu/LDPE/MVQ)] could prevent pregnancy in rabbits, and to evaluate the effects of Cu/LDPE/MVQ on the endometrial environment. STUDY DESIGN Eighty sexually mature female rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n=20 each group): control (sham-operated), LDPE/MVQ, Cu/LDPE/MVQ microcomposite, and bare Cu. Ten rabbits from each implant-bearing group were randomly selected for a mating experiment beginning 30 days after insertion. Pregnancy outcomes were observed 15 days after mating. Factors associated with endometrial bleeding and inflammation in the remaining rabbits in each group, and the surface conditions of the implants, were investigated 90 days post-insertion. RESULTS The Cu (0 embryo) and Cu/LDPE/MVQ (0 embryo) groups had significantly fewer embryos than the LDPE/MVQ (1.0±0.6 embryos, p<.05) and sham-operated groups (4.1±1.3 embryos, p<.05). Compared with bare Cu, the Cu/LDPE/MVQ composite material was associated with considerable reductions in injuries and factors associated with abnormal endometrial bleeding and inflammation, such as matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Additionally, the surface of implanted Cu/LDPE/MVQ remained much smoother than that of implanted bare Cu. CONCLUSION(S) This novel Cu-containing intrauterine device material exhibits a similar effect in prevention of pregnancy with bare copper, and lower levels of inflammatory markers. IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrates the potential of the novel Cu/LDPE/MVQ microcomposite material as a future substitute for conventional intrauterine device materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifu Hu
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Dandan Ke
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Guiping Cheng
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Heyu Liu
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Changhong Zhu
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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