1
|
Läderach F, Zdimerova H, Rieble L, Schuhmachers P, Engelmann C, Valencia-Camargo AD, Kirchmeier D, Böni M, Münz C. MHC class II-deficient mice allow functional human CD4 + T-cell development. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250313. [PMID: 37118896 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Humanized mouse models have been developed to study cell-mediated immune responses to human pathogens in vivo. How immunocompetent human T cells are selected in a murine thymus in such humanized mice remains poorly explored. To gain insights into this mechanism, we investigated the differentiation of human immune compartments in mouse MHC class II-deficient immune-compromised mice (humanized Ab0 mice). We observed a strong reduction in human CD4+ T-cell development but despite this reduction Ab0 mice had no disadvantage during Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Viral loads were equally well controlled in humanized Ab0 mice compared to humanized NSG mice, and improved T-cell recognition of autologous EBV-transformed B cells was observed, especially with respect to cytotoxicity. MHC class II blocking experiments with CD4+ T cells from humanized Ab0 mice demonstrated MHC class II restriction of lymphoblastoid cell line recognition. These findings suggest that a small number of CD4+ T cells in humanized mice can be solely selected on human MHC class II molecules, presumably expressed by reconstituted human immune cells, leading to improved effector functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Läderach
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hana Zdimerova
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Rieble
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Schuhmachers
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christine Engelmann
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniel Kirchmeier
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Böni
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Braun T, Pruene A, Darguzyte M, vom Stein AF, Nguyen PH, Wagner DL, Kath J, Roig-Merino A, Heuser M, Riehm LL, Schneider A, Awerkiew S, Talbot SR, Bleich A, Figueiredo C, Bornhäuser M, Stripecke R. Non-viral TRAC-knocked-in CD19 KICAR-T and gp350 KICAR-T cells tested against Burkitt lymphomas with type 1 or 2 EBV infection: In vivo cellular dynamics and potency. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1086433. [PMID: 37033919 PMCID: PMC10081580 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1086433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ubiquitous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic herpes virus associated with several human malignancies. EBV is an immune-evasive pathogen that promotes CD8+ T cell exhaustion and dysregulates CD4+ T cell functions. Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is frequently associated with EBV infections. Since BL relapses after conventional therapies are difficult to treat, we evaluated prospective off-the-shelf edited CAR-T cell therapies targeting CD19 or the EBV gp350 cell surface antigen. Methods We used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing methods to knock in (KI) the CD19CAR.CD28z or gp350CAR.CD28z into the T cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain (TRAC) locus. Results Applying upscaled methods with the ExPERT ATx® MaxCyte system, KI efficacy was ~20% of the total ~2 × 108 TCR-knocked-out (KO) generated cells. KOTCRKICAR-T cells were co-cultured in vitro with the gp350+CD19+ BL cell lines Daudi (infected with type 1 EBV) or with Jiyoye (harboring a lytic type 2 EBV). Both types of CAR-T cells showed cytotoxic effects against the BL lines in vitro. CD8+ KICAR-T cells showed higher persistency than CD4+ KICAR-T cells after in vitro co-culture with BL and upregulation of the activation/exhaustion markers PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3. Two preclinical in vivo xenograft models were set up with Nod.Rag.Gamma mice injected intravenously (i.v.) with 2 × 105 Daudi/fLuc-GFP or with Jiyoye/fLuc-GFP cells. Compared with the non-treated controls, mice challenged with BL and treated with CD19KICAR-T cells showed delayed lymphoma dissemination with lower EBV DNA load. Notably, for the Jiyoye/fLuc-GFP model, almost exclusively CD4+ CD19KICAR-T cells were detectable at the endpoint analyses in the bone marrow, with increased frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and TIM-3+CD4+ T cells. Administration of gp350KICAR-T cells to mice after Jiyoye/GFP-fLuc challenge did not inhibit BL growth in vivo but reduced the EBV DNA load in the bone marrow and promoted gp350 antigen escape. CD8+PD-1+LAG-3+ gp350KICAR-T cells were predominant in the bone marrow. Discussion The two types of KOTCRKICAR-T cells showed different therapeutic effects and in vivo dynamics. These findings reflect the complexities of the immune escape mechanisms of EBV, which may interfere with the CAR-T cell property and potency and should be taken into account for future clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Braun
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Alina Pruene
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Milita Darguzyte
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Translational Immune-Oncology, Cancer Research Center Cologne-Essen (CCCE), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander F. vom Stein
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Phuong-Hien Nguyen
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Dimitrios L. Wagner
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- BIH-Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Kath
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- BIH-Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Michael Heuser
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Lucas L. Riehm
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabine Awerkiew
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - André Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Constanca Figueiredo
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Organ Engineering, MHH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renata Stripecke
- Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Translational Immune-Oncology, Cancer Research Center Cologne-Essen (CCCE), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- *Correspondence: Renata Stripecke,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumar S, Koenig J, Schneider A, Wermeling F, Boddul S, Theobald SJ, Vollmer M, Kloos D, Lachmann N, Klawonn F, Lienenklaus S, Talbot SR, Bleich A, Wenzel N, von Kaisenberg C, Keck J, Stripecke R. In Vivo Lentiviral Gene Delivery of HLA-DR and Vaccination of Humanized Mice for Improving the Human T and B Cell Immune Reconstitution. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080961. [PMID: 34440166 PMCID: PMC8393476 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Humanized mouse models generated with human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and reconstituting the human immune system (HIS-mice) are invigorating preclinical testing of vaccines and immunotherapies. We have recently shown that human engineered dendritic cells boosted bonafide human T and B cell maturation and antigen-specific responses in HIS-mice. Here, we evaluated a cell-free system based on in vivo co-delivery of lentiviral vectors (LVs) for expression of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DRA*01/ HLA-DRB1*0401 functional complex, “DR4”), and a LV vaccine expressing human cytokines (GM-CSF and IFN-α) and a human cytomegalovirus gB antigen (HCMV-gB). Humanized NOD/Rag1null/IL2Rγnull (NRG) mice injected by i.v. with LV-DR4/fLuc showed long-lasting (up to 20 weeks) vector distribution and expression in the spleen and liver. In vivo administration of the LV vaccine after LV-DR4/fLuc delivery boosted the cellularity of lymph nodes, promoted maturation of terminal effector CD4+ T cells, and promoted significantly higher development of IgG+ and IgA+ B cells. This modular lentigenic system opens several perspectives for basic human immunology research and preclinical utilization of LVs to deliver HLAs into HIS-mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.K.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Koenig
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.K.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), DZIF Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.K.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Fredrik Wermeling
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, 17177 Solna, Sweden; (F.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Sanjaykumar Boddul
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, 17177 Solna, Sweden; (F.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Sebastian J. Theobald
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, D-50924 Cologne, Germany;
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, D-50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Miriam Vollmer
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.K.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Doreen Kloos
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Biostatistics Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
- Institute for Information Engineering, Ostfalia University, D-38302 Wolfenbuettel, Germany
| | - Stefan Lienenklaus
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.L.); (S.R.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Steven R. Talbot
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.L.); (S.R.T.); (A.B.)
| | - André Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.L.); (S.R.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Nadine Wenzel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Constantin von Kaisenberg
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - James Keck
- The Jackson Laboratory, Sacramento, CA 95838, USA;
| | - Renata Stripecke
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.K.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), DZIF Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-6999
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Z, Zheng W, Wang H, Cheng Y, Fang Y, Wu F, Sun G, Sun G, Lv C, Hui B. Application of Animal Models in Cancer Research: Recent Progress and Future Prospects. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2455-2475. [PMID: 33758544 PMCID: PMC7979343 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s302565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models refers to the animal experimental objects and related materials that can simulate human body established in medical research. As the second-largest disease in terms of morbidity and mortality after cardiovascular disease, cancer has always been the focus of human attention all over the world, which makes it a research hotspot in the medical field. At the same time, more and more animal models have been constructed and used in cancer research. With the deepening of research, the construction methods of cancer animal models are becoming more and more diverse, including chemical induction, xenotransplantation, gene programming, and so on. In recent years, patient-derived xenotransplantation (PDX) model has become a research hotspot because it can retain the microenvironment of the primary tumor and the basic characteristics of cells. Animal models can be used not only to study the biochemical and physiological processes of the occurrence and development of cancer in objects but also for the screening of cancer drugs and the exploration of gene therapy. In this paper, several main tumor animal models and the application progress of animal models in tumor research are systematically reviewed. Finally, combined with the latest progress and development trend in this field, the future research of tumor animal model was prospected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wubin Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanjin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijiao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyu Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqing Hui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Volk V, Theobald SJ, Danisch S, Khailaie S, Kalbarczyk M, Schneider A, Bialek-Waldmann J, Krönke N, Deng Y, Eiz-Vesper B, Dragon AC, von Kaisenberg C, Lienenklaus S, Bleich A, Keck J, Meyer-Hermann M, Klawonn F, Hammerschmidt W, Delecluse HJ, Münz C, Feuerhake F, Stripecke R. PD-1 Blockade Aggravates Epstein-Barr Virus + Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder in Humanized Mice Resulting in Central Nervous System Involvement and CD4 + T Cell Dysregulations. Front Oncol 2021; 10:614876. [PMID: 33511078 PMCID: PMC7837057 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.614876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is one of the most common malignancies after solid organ or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Most PTLD cases are B cell neoplasias carrying Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). A therapeutic approach is reduction of immunosuppression to allow T cells to develop and combat EBV. If this is not effective, approaches include immunotherapies such as monoclonal antibodies targeting CD20 and adoptive T cells. Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) to treat EBV+ PTLD was not established clinically due to the risks of organ rejection and graft-versus-host disease. Previously, blockade of the programmed death receptor (PD)-1 by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) during ex vivo infection of mononuclear cells with the EBV/M81+ strain showed lower xenografted lymphoma development in mice. Subsequently, fully humanized mice infected with the EBV/B95-8 strain and treated in vivo with a PD-1 blocking mAb showed aggravation of PTLD and lymphoma development. Here, we evaluated vis-a-vis in fully humanized mice after EBV/B95-8 or EBV/M81 infections the effects of a clinically used PD-1 blocker. Fifteen to 17 weeks after human CD34+ stem cell transplantation, Nod.Rag.Gamma mice were infected with two types of EBV laboratory strains expressing firefly luciferase. Dynamic optical imaging analyses showed systemic EBV infections and this triggered vigorous human CD8+ T cell expansion. Pembrolizumab administered from 2 to 5 weeks post-infections significantly aggravated EBV systemic spread and, for the M81 model, significantly increased the mortality of mice. ICI promoted Ki67+CD30+CD20+EBER+PD-L1+ PTLD with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, mirroring EBV+ CNS PTLD in humans. PD-1 blockade was associated with lower frequencies of circulating T cells in blood and with a profound collapse of CD4+ T cells in lymphatic tissues. Mice treated with pembrolizumab showed an escalation of exhausted T cells expressing TIM-3, and LAG-3 in tissues, higher levels of several human cytokines in plasma and high densities of FoxP3+ regulatory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. We conclude that PD-1 blockade during acute EBV infections driving strong CD8+ T cell priming decompensates T cell development towards immunosuppression. Given the variety of preclinical models available, our models conferred a cautionary note indicating that PD-1 blockade aggravated the progression of EBV+ PTLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valery Volk
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Theobald
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Simon Danisch
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sahamoddin Khailaie
- Department of Systems Immunology, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maja Kalbarczyk
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Bialek-Waldmann
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole Krönke
- Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yun Deng
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Britta Eiz-Vesper
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Christina Dragon
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Constantin von Kaisenberg
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Lienenklaus
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andre Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - James Keck
- The Jackson Laboratory, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Michael Meyer-Hermann
- Department of Systems Immunology, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Biostatistics Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute for Information Engineering, Ostfalia University, Wolfenbuettel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hammerschmidt
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Henri-Jacques Delecluse
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unit U1074, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Feuerhake
- Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Neuropathology, University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Renata Stripecke
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yin L, Wang XJ, Chen DX, Liu XN, Wang XJ. Humanized mouse model: a review on preclinical applications for cancer immunotherapy. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:4568-4584. [PMID: 33415020 PMCID: PMC7783739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the refractory and partial sensitive treatments to malignant cancers, immunotherapy has increasingly become a hotspot in effective anti-tumor research. However, at present, existing animal models could not accurately describe the interaction between human tissue and tumor cells for preclinical trials. Furthermore, it is a tough obstacle to reconstitute the immune system and microenvironment in a mouse model identical to humans due to species differences. In the establishment of the humanized mouse model, the co-transplantation of human immunocytes with/without tissues and tumor cells is the key breakthrough to solve this problem. The compelling progress has been investigated in the preclinical drug test for diverse tumor types. This review mainly summarized the development of immunodeficient mice, and the construction and practicability of the humanized mouse model. Furthermore, the investigators also highlight the pros and cons, and recent progress in immunotherapy research for advanced utility of human cancer diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xue-Jing Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - De-Xi Chen
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ni Liu
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Münz C. Probing Reconstituted Human Immune Systems in Mice With Oncogenic γ-Herpesvirus Infections. Front Immunol 2020; 11:581419. [PMID: 33013936 PMCID: PMC7509489 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.581419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice with reconstituted human immune systems can mount cell-mediated immune responses against the human tumor viruses Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Primarily cytotoxic lymphocytes protect the vast majority of persistently infected carriers of these tumor viruses from the respective malignancies for life. Thus, EBV and KSHV infection can teach us how this potent immune control is induced, what phenotype and functions characterize the protective lymphocyte compartments and if similar immune responses could be induced by vaccination. This review will summarize similarities and differences between EBV and KSHV associated pathologies and their immune control in patients and mice with reconstituted human immune systems. Furthermore, it will high-light which aspects of the near perfect immune control can be modeled in the latter preclinical animal models and discuss their relevance for cancer immunology in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Slabik C, Kalbarczyk M, Danisch S, Zeidler R, Klawonn F, Volk V, Krönke N, Feuerhake F, Ferreira de Figueiredo C, Blasczyk R, Olbrich H, Theobald SJ, Schneider A, Ganser A, von Kaisenberg C, Lienenklaus S, Bleich A, Hammerschmidt W, Stripecke R. CAR-T Cells Targeting Epstein-Barr Virus gp350 Validated in a Humanized Mouse Model of EBV Infection and Lymphoproliferative Disease. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 18:504-524. [PMID: 32953984 PMCID: PMC7479496 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a latent and oncogenic human herpesvirus. Lytic viral protein expression plays an important role in EBV-associated malignancies. The EBV envelope glycoprotein 350 (gp350) is expressed abundantly during EBV lytic reactivation and sporadically on the surface of latently infected cells. Here we tested T cells expressing gp350-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) containing scFvs derived from two novel gp350-binding, highly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. The scFvs were fused to CD28/CD3ζ signaling domains in a retroviral vector. The produced gp350CAR-T cells specifically recognized and killed gp350+ 293T cells in vitro. The best-performing 7A1-gp350CAR-T cells were cytotoxic against the EBV+ B95-8 cell line, showing selectivity against gp350+ cells. Fully humanized Nod.Rag.Gamma mice transplanted with cord blood CD34+ cells and infected with the EBV/M81/fLuc lytic strain were monitored dynamically for viral spread. Infected mice recapitulated EBV-induced lymphoproliferation, tumor development, and systemic inflammation. We tested adoptive transfer of autologous CD8+gp350CAR-T cells administered protectively or therapeutically. After gp350CAR-T cell therapy, 75% of mice controlled or reduced EBV spread and showed lower frequencies of EBER+ B cell malignant lymphoproliferation, lack of tumor development, and reduced inflammation. In summary, CD8+gp350CAR-T cells showed proof-of-concept preclinical efficacy against impending EBV+ lymphoproliferation and lymphomagenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Slabik
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maja Kalbarczyk
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Simon Danisch
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhard Zeidler
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum der Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Biostatistics Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute for Information Engineering, Ostfalia University, 38302 Wolfenbuettel, Germany
| | - Valery Volk
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole Krönke
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Friedrich Feuerhake
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Neuropathology, University Clinic Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Henning Olbrich
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Theobald
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Arnold Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Constantin von Kaisenberg
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Lienenklaus
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andre Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hammerschmidt
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 81377 Munich, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Renata Stripecke
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stripecke R, Münz C, Schuringa JJ, Bissig K, Soper B, Meeham T, Yao L, Di Santo JP, Brehm M, Rodriguez E, Wege AK, Bonnet D, Guionaud S, Howard KE, Kitchen S, Klein F, Saeb‐Parsy K, Sam J, Sharma AD, Trumpp A, Trusolino L, Bult C, Shultz L. Innovations, challenges, and minimal information for standardization of humanized mice. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e8662. [PMID: 32578942 PMCID: PMC7338801 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice xenotransplanted with human cells and/or expressing human gene products (also known as "humanized mice") recapitulate the human evolutionary specialization and diversity of genotypic and phenotypic traits. These models can provide a relevant in vivo context for understanding of human-specific physiology and pathologies. Humanized mice have advanced toward mainstream preclinical models and are now at the forefront of biomedical research. Here, we considered innovations and challenges regarding the reconstitution of human immunity and human tissues, modeling of human infections and cancer, and the use of humanized mice for testing drugs or regenerative therapy products. As the number of publications exploring different facets of humanized mouse models has steadily increased in past years, it is becoming evident that standardized reporting is needed in the field. Therefore, an international community-driven resource called "Minimal Information for Standardization of Humanized Mice" (MISHUM) has been created for the purpose of enhancing rigor and reproducibility of studies in the field. Within MISHUM, we propose comprehensive guidelines for reporting critical information generated using humanized mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Stripecke
- Regenerative Immune Therapies AppliedHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF)Hannover RegionGermany
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral ImmunobiologyInstitute of Experimental ImmunologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Jan Jacob Schuringa
- Department of HematologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Brehm
- University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | | | - Anja Kathrin Wege
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity Cancer Center RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | | | | | | | - Scott Kitchen
- University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | | | | | | | - Amar Deep Sharma
- Regenerative Immune Therapies AppliedHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM gGmbH)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Livio Trusolino
- Department of OncologyUniversity of Torino Medical SchoolTurinItaly
- Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO IRCCSCandioloItaly
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Münz C. Redirecting T Cells against Epstein-Barr Virus Infection and Associated Oncogenesis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061400. [PMID: 32512847 PMCID: PMC7349826 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with lymphomas and carcinomas. For some of these, the adoptive transfer of EBV specific T cells has been therapeutically explored, with clinical success. In order to avoid naturally occurring EBV specific autologous T cell selection from every patient, the transgenic expression of latent and early lytic viral antigen specific T cell receptors (TCRs) to redirect T cells, to target the respective tumors, is being developed. Recent evidence suggests that not only TCRs against transforming latent EBV antigens, but also against early lytic viral gene products, might be protective for the control of EBV infection and associated oncogenesis. At the same time, these approaches might be more selective and cause less collateral damage than targeting general B cell markers with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). Thus, EBV specific TCR transgenic T cells constitute a promising therapeutic strategy against EBV associated malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Münz
- Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|