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Kumar S, Basu M, Ghosh MK. E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases in colorectal cancer: Emerging molecular insights and therapeutic opportunities. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119827. [PMID: 39187067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents ongoing challenges due to limited treatment effectiveness and a discouraging prognosis, underscoring the need for ground-breaking therapeutic approaches. This review delves into the pivotal role of E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs), underscoring their role as crucial regulators for tumor suppression and oncogenesis in CRC. We spotlight the diverse impact of E3 ligases and DUBs on CRC's biological processes and their remarkable versatility. We closely examine their specific influence on vital signaling pathways, particularly Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB. Understanding these regulatory mechanisms is crucial for unravelling the complexities of CRC progression. Importantly, we explore the untapped potential of E3 ligases and DUBs as novel CRC treatment targets, discussing aspects that may guide more effective therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, our concise review illuminates the E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases pivotal role in CRC, offering insights to inspire innovative approaches for transforming the treatment landscape in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Kumar
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, Dakshin Barasat, South 24 Paraganas, PIN - 743372, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India.
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Zutshi N, Mohapatra BC, Mondal P, An W, Goetz BT, Wang S, Li S, Storck MD, Mercer DF, Black AR, Thayer SP, Black JD, Lin C, Band V, Band H. Cbl and Cbl-b ubiquitin ligases are essential for intestinal epithelial stem cell maintenance. iScience 2024; 27:109912. [PMID: 38974465 PMCID: PMC11225835 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) control stem cell maintenance vs. differentiation decisions. Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (CBL) family ubiquitin ligases are negative regulators of RTKs, but their stem cell regulatory roles remain unclear. Here, we show that Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell (ISC)-specific inducible Cbl-knockout (KO) on a Cblb null mouse background (iDKO) induced rapid loss of the Lgr5 Hi ISCs with transient expansion of the Lgr5 Lo transit-amplifying population. LacZ-based lineage tracing revealed increased ISC commitment toward enterocyte and goblet cell fate at the expense of Paneth cells. Functionally, Cbl/Cblb iDKO impaired the recovery from radiation-induced intestinal epithelial injury. In vitro, Cbl/Cblb iDKO led to inability to maintain intestinal organoids. Single-cell RNA sequencing in organoids identified Akt-mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway hyperactivation upon iDKO, and pharmacological Akt-mTOR axis inhibition rescued the iDKO defects. Our results demonstrate a requirement for Cbl/Cblb in the maintenance of ISCs by fine-tuning the Akt-mTOR axis to balance stem cell maintenance vs. commitment to differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Zutshi
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Bhopal C. Mohapatra
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Pinaki Mondal
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Wei An
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Benjamin T. Goetz
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sicong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Matthew D. Storck
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - David F. Mercer
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Adrian R. Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sarah P. Thayer
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jennifer D. Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Chi Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Vimla Band
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Hamid Band
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Zhang T, Qian C, Song M, Tang Y, Zhou Y, Dong G, Shen Q, Chen W, Wang A, Shen S, Zhao Y, Lu Y. Application Prospect of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Organoids and Cell Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2680. [PMID: 38473926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its inception, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has been hailed as a powerful tool for comprehending disease etiology and advancing drug screening across various domains. While earlier iPSC-based disease modeling and drug assessment primarily operated at the cellular level, recent years have witnessed a significant shift towards organoid-based investigations. Organoids derived from iPSCs offer distinct advantages, particularly in enabling the observation of disease progression and drug metabolism in an in vivo-like environment, surpassing the capabilities of iPSC-derived cells. Furthermore, iPSC-based cell therapy has emerged as a focal point of clinical interest. In this review, we provide an extensive overview of non-integrative reprogramming methods that have evolved since the inception of iPSC technology. We also deliver a comprehensive examination of iPSC-derived organoids, spanning the realms of the nervous system, cardiovascular system, and oncology, as well as systematically elucidate recent advancements in iPSC-related cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengyao Song
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yueke Zhou
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanglu Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiuhong Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sanbing Shen
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 W2TY Galway, Ireland
| | - Yang Zhao
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Wu Z, Zhou S, Liang D, Mu L. GPX2 acts as an oncogene and cudraflavone C has an anti-tumor effect by suppressing GPX2-dependent Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1115-1125. [PMID: 37610461 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common cancer associated with poor prognosis, and cudraflavone C (Cud C) is a natural flavonol with reported anti-CRC capacity. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the anti-CRC effect require further demonstration. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of Cud C on the cell viability and apoptosis of CRC cells and to determine the underlying mechanisms. The Human Protein Atlas (THPA) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases were used to analyze the expression status of glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) in CRC. Cell viability was examined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Flow cytometry was utilized to evaluate apoptosis. The levels of gene transcription and protein expression of GPX2, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3), β-catenin, and c-Myc were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Our results showed that GPX2 was overexpressed in CRC as compared to normal tissue and the extent of GPX2 overexpression is greatest in CRC when compared with other cancers according to GEPIA and THPA databases. GPX2 knockdown significantly suppressed the cell viability, induced apoptosis of CRC cell lines, and restrained the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cud C treatment decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis in CRC cell lines, and diminished the expression level of GPX2-dependent activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, while such effects can be abolished by GPX2 overexpression. In conclusion, Cud C suppressed GPX2-dependent Wnt/β-catenin pathway to exert anti-CRC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wu
- Uutpatient Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Zhou
- Department of Drug Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 5-2 Renmin Street, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Mu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 5-2 Renmin Street, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Chen J, Feng H, Wang Y, Bai X, Sheng S, Li H, Huang M, Chu X, Lei Z. The involvement of E3 ubiquitin ligases in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:458. [PMID: 38104139 PMCID: PMC10725464 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, colorectal cancer (CRC) still has limited therapeutic efficacy and poor prognosis and there is an urgent need for novel targets to improve the outcome of CRC patients. The highly conserved ubiquitination modification mediated by E3 ubiquitin ligases is an important mechanism to regulate the expression and function of tumor promoters or suppressors in CRC. In this review, we provide an overview of E3 ligases in modulating various biological processes in CRC, including proliferation, migration, stemness, metabolism, cell death, differentiation and immune response of CRC cells, emphasizing the pluripotency of E3 ubiquitin ligases. We further focus on the role of E3 ligases in regulating vital cellular signal pathways in CRC, such as Wnt/β-catenin pathway and NF-κB pathway. Additionally, considering the potential of E3 ligases as novel targets in the treatment of CRC, we discuss what aspects of E3 ligases can be utilized and exploited for efficient therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haimei Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoming Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Siqi Sheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huiyu Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengxi Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical university, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zengjie Lei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical university, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zutshi N, Mohapatra BC, Mondal P, An W, Goetz BT, Wang S, Li S, Storck MD, Mercer DF, Black AR, Thayer SP, Black JD, Lin C, Band V, Band H. Cbl and Cbl-b Ubiquitin Ligases are Essential for Intestinal Epithelial Stem Cell Maintenance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.17.541154. [PMID: 37292716 PMCID: PMC10245689 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.17.541154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Among the signaling pathways that control the stem cell self-renewal and maintenance vs. acquisition of differentiated cell fates, those mediated by receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activation are well established as key players. CBL family ubiquitin ligases are negative regulators of RTKs but their physiological roles in regulating stem cell behaviors are unclear. While hematopoietic Cbl/Cblb knockout (KO) leads to a myeloproliferative disease due to expansion and reduced quiescence of hematopoietic stem cells, mammary epithelial KO led to stunted mammary gland development due to mammary stem cell depletion. Here, we examined the impact of inducible Cbl/Cblb double-KO (iDKO) selectively in the Lgr5-defined intestinal stem cell (ISC) compartment. Cbl/Cblb iDKO led to rapid loss of the Lgr5 Hi ISC pool with a concomitant transient expansion of the Lgr5 Lo transit amplifying population. LacZ reporter-based lineage tracing showed increased ISC commitment to differentiation, with propensity towards enterocyte and goblet cell fate at the expense of Paneth cells. Functionally, Cbl/Cblb iDKO impaired the recovery from radiation-induced intestinal epithelial injury. In vitro , Cbl/Cblb iDKO led to inability to maintain intestinal organoids. Single cell RNAseq analysis of organoids revealed Akt-mTOR pathway hyperactivation in iDKO ISCs and progeny cells, and pharmacological inhibition of the Akt-mTOR axis rescued the organoid maintenance and propagation defects. Our results demonstrate a requirement for Cbl/Cblb in the maintenance of ISCs by fine tuning the Akt-mTOR axis to balance stem cell maintenance vs. commitment to differentiation.
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Chen X, Lv X, Gao L, Liu J, Wang W, Guo L, Frasinyuk MS, Zhang W, Watt DS, Liu C, Liu X. Chalcone Derivative CX258 Suppresses Colorectal Cancer via Inhibiting the TOP2A/Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071066. [PMID: 37048139 PMCID: PMC10093515 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The deregulation in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is associated with many human cancers, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC) and, therefore, represents a promising target for drug development. We have screened over 300 semisynthetic and natural compounds using a Wnt reporter assay and identified a family of novel chalcone derivatives (CXs) that inhibited Wnt signaling and CRC cell proliferation. Among them, we selected CX258 for further in vitro and in vivo study to investigate the molecular mechanisms. We found that CX258 significantly inhibited β-catenin expression and nuclear translocation, inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in CRC cells. Additionally, CX258 reduced the expression of DNA Topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) in CRC cells. Moreover, knocking down TOP2A by siRNAs inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, a finding suggesting that CX258 inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling and CRC cell proliferation at least partially by modulating TOP2A. Further studies showed that CDK1 that interacts with TOP2A was significantly reduced after TOP2A knockdown. We demonstrated that CX258 significantly inhibited DLD-1 CRC cell xenografts in SCID mice. In summary, we identified CX258 as a promising candidate for colorectal cancer treatment by targeting the TOP2A/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xiaocheng Lv
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Lijie Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Lichao Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Mykhaylo S. Frasinyuk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Wen Zhang
- Lucille Parker Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - David S. Watt
- Lucille Parker Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Chunming Liu
- Lucille Parker Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Xifu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
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Wu AT, Yeh YC, Huang YJ, Mokgautsi N, Lawal B, Huang TH. Gamma-mangostin isolated from garcinia mangostana suppresses colon carcinogenesis and stemness by downregulating the GSK3β/β-catenin/CDK6 cancer stem pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153797. [PMID: 34802869 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in chemotherapies and targeted drugs, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains challenging to treat due to drug resistance. Emerging evidence indicates that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) facilitate the generation of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and drug resistance. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK) associated signaling pathways have been implicated in the generation of CSCs and represent a target for therapeutics development. HYPOTHESIS Gamma-mangostin (gMG) isolated from Garcinia mangostana was evaluated for its ability to downregulate GSK3β-associated signaling in CRC cells and overcome CAF-induced 5-fluorouracil resistance and CSC generation. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis, in silico molecular docking, in vitro assays, including cell viability tests, colony- and tumor sphere-formation assays, transwell migration assays, ELISA, SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, miR expression, qPCR, and flow cytometry, as well as in vivo mouse xenograft models were used to evaluate the antitumor effects of gMG. RESULTS Bioinformatics analyses indicated that GSK3β/CDK6/β-catenin mRNA signature was significantly higher in colon cancer patients. Additional algorithms predicted a higher miR-26b level was associated with significantly higher survival in CRC patients and GSK3β and CDK6 as targets of miR-26b-5p. To validate these findings in vitro, we showed that CAF-cocultured CRC cells expressed an increased expression of GSK3β, β-catenin, CDK6, and NF-κB. Therapeutically, we demonstrated that gMG treatment suppressed GSK3β-associated signaling pathways while concomitantly increased the miR-26b-5p level. Using a xenograft mouse model of CAFs cocultured HCT116 tumorspheres, we showed that gMG treatment reduced tumor growth and overcame CAF-induced 5-fluorouracil resistance. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological intervention with gMG suppressed CRC carcinogenesis and stemness via downregulating GSK3/β-catenin/CDK6 and upregulating the miR-26b-5p tumor suppressor. Thus, gMG represents a potential new CRC therapeutic agent and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Th Wu
- The PhD Program of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; International PhD Program for Translational Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; College of Medical Science and Technology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Clinical Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 20401, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Jiun Huang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ntlotlang Mokgautsi
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; College of Medical Science and Technology, Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Bashir Lawal
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; College of Medical Science and Technology, Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department & Graduate Institute of Chemical Engineering & Graduate Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan.
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