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Nshimiyimana R, Libreros S, Simard M, Chiang N, Rodriguez AR, Spur BW, Haeggström JZ, Serhan CN. Stereochemistry and functions of the new cysteinyl-resolvin, 4S,5R-RCTR1, in efferocytosis and erythrophagocytosis of human senescent erythrocytes. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:1000-1016. [PMID: 37139907 PMCID: PMC10429686 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators play key functions in the resolution of the acute inflammatory response. Herein, we elucidate the stereochemical structure of the new 4S,5R-RCTR1, a cysteinyl-resolvin, recently uncovered in human leukocytes incubated with a 4S,5S-epoxy-resolvin intermediate, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and ultra-violet (UV) spectrophotometry. With this approach, the physical properties of the new mediator prepared by total organic synthesis were matched to enzymatically produced biogenic material. In addition, we confirmed the potent biological actions of 4S,5R-RCTR1 with human M2-like macrophage phagocytosis of live bacteria, efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils, and erythrophagocytosis of senescent human red blood cells in a concentration-dependent manner from 0.1 to 10 nM. Taken together, these results establish the complete stereochemistry of 4S,5R-RCTR1 as 5R-glutathionyl-4S,17S-dihydroxy-6E,8E,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid and give evidence of its novel bioactivities in human phagocyte responses. Moreover, they confirm and extend the stereoselective functions of the 4S,5R-RCTR1 with isolated human phagocytes of interest in the resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Nshimiyimana
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Stephania Libreros
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Mélissa Simard
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Nan Chiang
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ana R. Rodriguez
- Department of Cell Biology, Rowan University–School of Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey 08084, USA
| | - Bernd W. Spur
- Department of Cell Biology, Rowan University–School of Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey 08084, USA
| | - Jesper Z. Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska institute, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Hansen TV, Serhan CN. Protectins: Their biosynthesis, metabolism and structure-functions. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115330. [PMID: 36341938 PMCID: PMC9838224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Several lipoxygenase enzymes and cyclooxygenase-2 stereoselectively convert the polyunsaturated fatty acids arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and n-3 docosapentaenoic acid into numerous oxygenated products. Biosynthetic pathway studies have shown, during the resolution phase of acute inflammation, that distinct families of endogenous products are formed. These products were named specialized pro-resolving mediators, given their specialized functions in the inflammation-resolution circuit, enhancing the return of inflamed and injured tissue to homeostasis. The lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins, together with the sulfido-conjugates of the resolvins, protectins and maresins, constitute the four individual families of these local mediators. When administrated in vivo in a wide range of human disease models, the specialized pro-resolving mediators display potent bioactions. The detailed and individual biosynthetic steps constituting the biochemical pathways, the metabolism, recent reports on structure-function studies and pharmacodynamic data of the protectins, are presented herein. Emphasis is on the structure-function results on the recent members of the sulfido conjugated protectins and further metabolism of protectin D1. Moreover, the members of the individual families of specialized pro-resolving mediators and their biosynthetic precursor are presented. Today 43 specialized pro-resolving mediators possessing pro-resolution and anti-inflammatory bioactions are reported and confirmed, constituting a basis for resolution pharmacology. This emerging biomedical field provides a new approach for drug discovery, that is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trond Vidar Hansen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
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Dyall SC, Balas L, Bazan NG, Brenna JT, Chiang N, da Costa Souza F, Dalli J, Durand T, Galano JM, Lein PJ, Serhan CN, Taha AY. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and fatty acid-derived lipid mediators: Recent advances in the understanding of their biosynthesis, structures, and functions. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101165. [PMID: 35508275 PMCID: PMC9346631 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are structural components of membrane phospholipids, and influence cellular function via effects on membrane properties, and also by acting as a precursor pool for lipid mediators. These lipid mediators are formed via activation of pathways involving at least one step of dioxygen-dependent oxidation, and are consequently called oxylipins. Their biosynthesis can be either enzymatically-dependent, utilising the promiscuous cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, or cytochrome P450 mixed function oxidase pathways, or nonenzymatic via free radical-catalyzed pathways. The oxylipins include the classical eicosanoids, comprising prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes, and also more recently identified lipid mediators. With the advent of new technologies there is growing interest in identifying these different lipid mediators and characterising their roles in health and disease. This review brings together contributions from some of those at the forefront of research into lipid mediators, who provide brief introductions and summaries of current understanding of the structure and functions of the main classes of nonclassical oxylipins. The topics covered include omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA biosynthesis pathways, focusing on the roles of the different fatty acid desaturase enzymes, oxidized linoleic acid metabolites, omega-3 PUFA-derived specialized pro-resolving mediators, elovanoids, nonenzymatically oxidized PUFAs, and fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids.
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zeng L, Liu Y, Sun H, Li S, Wang S, Shu L, Liu N, Yin S, Wang J, Ni D, Wu Y, Yang Y, He L, Meng B, Yang X. Amphibian-derived peptide homodimer OA-GL17d promotes skin wound regeneration through the miR-663a/TGF-β1/Smad axis. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac032. [PMID: 35832307 PMCID: PMC9273405 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Amphibian-derived peptides exhibit considerable potential in the discovery and development of new therapeutic interventions for clinically challenging chronic skin wounds. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also considered promising targets for the development of effective therapies against skin wounds. However, further research in this field is anticipated. This study aims to identify and provide a new peptide drug candidate, as well as to explore the underlying miRNA mechanisms and possible miRNA drug target for skin wound healing. Methods A combination of Edman degradation, mass spectrometry and cDNA cloning were adopted to determine the amino acid sequence of a peptide that was fractionated from the secretion of Odorrana andersonii frog skin using gel-filtration and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The toxicity of the peptide was evaluated by Calcein-AM/propidium iodide (PI) double staining against human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), hemolytic activity against mice blood cells and acute toxicity against mice. The stability of the peptide in plasma was also evaluated. The prohealing potency of the peptide was determined by MTS, scratch healing and a Transwell experiment against HaCaT cells, full-thickness injury wounds and scald wounds in the dorsal skin of mice. miRNA transcriptome sequencing analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms. Results A novel peptide homodimer (named OA-GL17d) that contains a disulfide bond between the 16th cysteine residue of the peptide monomer and the sequence ‘GLFKWHPRCGEEQSMWT’ was identified. Analysis showed that OA-GL17d exhibited no hemolytic activity or acute toxicity, but effectively promoted keratinocyte proliferation and migration and strongly stimulated the repair of full-thickness injury wounds and scald wounds in the dorsal skin of mice. Mechanistically, OA-GL17d decreased the level of miR-663a to increase the level of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and activate the subsequent TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, thereby resulting in accelerated skin wound re-epithelialization and granular tissue formation. Conclusions Our results suggest that OA-GL17d is a new peptide drug candidate for skin wound repair. This study emphasizes the importance of exogenous peptides as molecular probes for exploring competing endogenous RNA mechanisms and indicates that miR-663a may be an effective target for promoting skin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes , State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, , Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan MinZu University , State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, , Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes , State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, , Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan MinZu University , State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, , Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Longjun Shu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes , State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, , Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan MinZu University , State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, , Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Saige Yin
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Junsong Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dan Ni
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Endocrinology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University , Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Buliang Meng
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University , Faculty of Basic Medical Science, , Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
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Jordan PM, Werz O. Specialized pro-resolving mediators: biosynthesis and biological role in bacterial infections. FEBS J 2021; 289:4212-4227. [PMID: 34741578 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute inflammation caused by bacterial infections is an essential biological defence mechanism of the host in order to neutralize and clear the invaders and to return to homeostasis. Despite its protective function, inflammation may become persistent and uncontrolled, resulting in chronic diseases and tissue destruction as consequence of the unresolved inflammatory process. Therefore, spatiotemporal induction of endogenous inflammation resolution programs that govern bacterial clearance as well as tissue repair and regeneration, are of major importance in order to enable tissues to restore functions. Lipid mediators that are de-novo biosynthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) mainly by lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases, critically regulate the initiation, the maintenance but also the resolution of infectious inflammation and tissue regeneration. The discovery of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) generated from omega-3 PUFAs stimulated intensive research in inflammation resolution, especially in infectious inflammation elicited by bacteria. SPMs are immunoresolvents that actively terminate inflammation by limiting neutrophil influx, stimulating phagocytosis, bacterial killing and clearance as well as efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils and cellular debris by macrophages. Moreover, SPMs prevent collateral tissue damage, promote tissue repair and regeneration and lower antibiotic requirement. Here, we review the biosynthesis of SPMs in bacterial infections and cover specific mechanisms of SPMs that govern the resolution of bacteria-initiated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
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