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Feng X, Zhang H, Yang S, Cui D, Wu Y, Qi X, Su Z. From stem cells to pancreatic β-cells: strategies, applications, and potential treatments for diabetes. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04999-x. [PMID: 38642274 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Loss and functional failure of pancreatic β-cells results in disruption of glucose homeostasis and progression of diabetes. Although whole pancreas or pancreatic islet transplantation serves as a promising approach for β-cell replenishment and diabetes therapy, the severe scarcity of donor islets makes it unattainable for most diabetic patients. Stem cells, particularly induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are promising for the treatment of diabetes owing to their self-renewal capacity and ability to differentiate into functional β-cells. In this review, we first introduce the development of functional β-cells and their heterogeneity and then turn to highlight recent advances in the generation of β-cells from stem cells and their potential applications in disease modeling, drug discovery and clinical therapy. Finally, we have discussed the current challenges in developing stem cell-based therapeutic strategies for improving the treatment of diabetes. Although some significant technical hurdles remain, stem cells offer great hope for patients with diabetes and will certainly transform future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingrong Feng
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Daxin Cui
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaocun Qi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Duan K, Liu J, Zhang J, Chu T, Liu H, Lou F, Liu Z, Gao B, Wei S, Wei F. Advancements in innate immune regulation strategies in islet transplantation. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1341314. [PMID: 38288129 PMCID: PMC10823010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1341314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
As a newly emerging organ transplantation technique, islet transplantation has shown the advantages of minimal trauma and high safety since it was first carried out. The proposal of the Edmonton protocol, which has been widely applied, was a breakthrough in this method. However, direct contact between islets and portal vein blood will cause a robust innate immune response leading to massive apoptosis of the graft, and macrophages play an essential role in the innate immune response. Therefore, therapeutic strategies targeting macrophages in the innate immune response have become a popular research topic in recent years. This paper will summarize and analyze recent research on strategies for regulating innate immunity, primarily focusing on macrophages, in the field of islet transplantation, including drug therapy, optimization of islet preparation process, islet engineering and Mesenchymal stem cells cotransplantation. We also expounded the heterogeneity, plasticity and activation mechanism of macrophages in islet transplantation, providing a theoretical basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehang Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tongjia Chu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fengxiang Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bing Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shixiong Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Kozlovskaya V, Ducharme M, Dolmat M, Omweri JM, Tekin V, Lapi SE, Kharlampieva E. Direct Radiolabeling of Trastuzumab-Targeting Triblock Copolymer Vesicles with 89Zr for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1784-1797. [PMID: 36926842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Radiolabeled drug nanocarriers that can be easily imaged via positron emission tomography (PET) are highly significant as their in vivo outcome can be quantitatively PET-traced with high sensitivity. However, typical radiolabeling of most PET-guided theranostic vehicles utilizes modification with chelator ligands, which presents various challenges. In addition, unlike passive tumor targeting, specific targeting of drug delivery vehicles via binding affinity to overexpressed cancer cell receptors is crucial to improve the theranostic delivery to tumors. Herein, we developed 89Zr-labeled triblock copolymer polymersomes of 60 nm size through chelator-free radiolabeling. The polymersomes are assembled from poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)5-b-poly(dimethylsiloxane)30-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)5 (PVPON5-PDMS30-PVPON5) triblock copolymers followed by adsorption of a degradable tannin, tannic acid (TA), on the polymersome surface through hydrogen bonding. TA serves as an anchoring layer for both 89Zr radionuclide and targeting recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab (Tmab). Unlike bare PVPON5-PDMS30-PVPON5 polymersomes, TA- and Tmab-modified polymersomes demonstrated a high radiochemical yield of more than 95%. Excellent retention of 89Zr by the vesicle membrane for up to 7 days was confirmed by PET in vivo imaging. Animal biodistribution using healthy BALB/c mice confirmed the clearance of 89Zr-labeled polymersomes through the spleen and liver without their accumulation in bone, unlike the free nonbound 89Zr radiotracer. The 89Zr-radiolabeled polymersomes were found to specifically target BT474 HER2-positive breast cancer cells via the Tmab-TA complex on the vesicle surface. The noncovalent Tmab anchoring to the polymersome membrane can be highly advantageous for nanoparticle modification compared to currently developed covalent methods, as it allows easy and quick integration of a broad range of targeting proteins. Given the ability of these polymersomes to encapsulate and release anticancer therapeutics, they can be further expanded as precision-targeted therapeutic carriers for advancing human health through highly effective drug delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Maxwell Ducharme
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Maksim Dolmat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - James M Omweri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Volkan Tekin
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Suzanne E Lapi
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
- Center for Nanomaterials and Biointegration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
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Polishevska K, Kelly S, Kuppan P, Seeberger KL, Aggarwal S, Paramor J, Unsworth LD, Tse HM, Korbutt GS, Pepper AR. Nanothin Conformal Coating with Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) and Tannic Acid (PVPON/TA) Preserves Murine and Human Pancreatic Islets Function. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041137. [PMID: 37111623 PMCID: PMC10143619 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Beta cell replacement therapies can restore glycemic control to select individuals living with type 1 diabetes. However, the obligation of lifelong immunosuppression restricts cell therapies from replacing exogenous insulin administration. Encapsulation strategies can reduce the inherent adaptive immune response; however, few are successfully translated into clinical testing. Herein, we evaluated if the conformal coating of islets with poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPON) and tannic acid (TA) (PVPON/TA) could preserve murine and human islet function while conferring islet allograft protection. In vitro function was evaluated using static glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, oxygen consumption rates, and islet membrane integrity. In vivo function was evaluated by transplanting human islets into diabetic immunodeficient B6.129S7-Rag1tm1Mom/J (Rag-/-) mice. The immunoprotective capacity of the PVPON/TA-coating was assessed by transplanting BALB/c islets into diabetic C57BL/6 mice. Graft function was evaluated by non-fasting blood glucose measurements and glucose tolerance testing. Both coated and non-coated murine and human islets exhibited indistinguishable in vitro potency. PVPON/TA-coated and control human islets were able to restore euglycemia post-transplant. The PVPON/TA-coating as monotherapy and adjuvant to systemic immunosuppression reduced intragraft inflammation and delayed murine allograft rejection. This study demonstrates that PVPON/TA-coated islets may be clinically relevant as they retain their in vitro and in vivo function while modulating post-transplant immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Polishevska
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Sandra Kelly
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Purushothaman Kuppan
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Karen L. Seeberger
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Saloni Aggarwal
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Joy Paramor
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Larry D. Unsworth
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Hubert M. Tse
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Gregory S. Korbutt
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Andrew R. Pepper
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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