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Kurniawan KIA, Putra AS, Ishizaki R, Rani DS, Rahmah DM, Al Husna SN, Ahamed T, Noguchi R. Life cycle assessment of integrated microalgae oil production in Bojongsoang Wastewater Treatment Plant, Indonesia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7902-7933. [PMID: 38168854 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the eco-friendliness of microalgae-based renewable energy production in several scenarios based on life cycle assessment (LCA). The LCA provides critical data for sustainable decision-making and energy requirement analysis, including net energy ratio (NER) and cumulative energy demand (CED). The Centrum voor Milieuwetenschappen Leiden (CML) IA-Baseline was used on environmental impact assessment method by SimaPro v9.3.0.3® software and energy analysis of biofuel production using native polyculture microalgae biomass in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) Bojongsoang, Bandung, Indonesia. The study was analyzed under three scenarios: (1) the current scenario; (2) the algae scenario without waste heat and carbon dioxide (CO2); and (3) the algae scenario with waste heat and carbon dioxide (CO2). Waste heat and CO2 were obtained from an industrial zone near the WWTP. The results disclosed that the microalgae scenario with waste heat and CO2 utilization is the most promising scenario with the lowest environmental impact (- 0.139 kg CO2eq/MJ), positive energy balance of 1.23 MJ/m3 wastewater (NER > 1), and lower CED value across various impact categories. It indicates that utilizing the waste heat and CO2 has a positive impact on energy efficiency. Based on the environmental impact, NER and CED values, this study suggests that the microalgae scenario with waste heat and CO2 is more feasible and sustainable to adopt and could be implemented at the Bojongsoang WWTP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agusta Samodra Putra
- Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Puspiptek Area, Serpong, 15314, Indonesia
| | | | - Devitra Saka Rani
- Research Organization for Energy and Manufacture, National Research and Innovation Agency, Puspiptek Area, Serpong, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Devi Maulida Rahmah
- Faculty of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Shabrina Nida Al Husna
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No.10, Lb. Siliwangi, Kecamatan Coblong, Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Tofael Ahamed
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryozo Noguchi
- Laboratory of Agricultural Systems Engineering, Division of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
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Fu J, Peng H, Huang Y, Xia A, Zhu X, Zhu X, Liao Q. Integrating wind-driven agitating blade into a floating photobioreactor to enhance fluid mixing and microalgae growth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 372:128660. [PMID: 36693503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at optimizing the poor fluid mixing state in the traditional horizontal floating photobioreactors and reducing the high energy consumption and operational cost induced by electric-driven mixing, a novel floating photobioreactor with an embedded wind-driven agitating blade (WDAB-FPBR) was proposed in this study, which can effectively utilize both wind and wave energy for fluid mixing. The results show that the selected wind-driven agitating blade contributed to a decrement of 75.3% in mixing time and an increment of 87.5% in mass transfer coefficient, and meanwhile strengthened the fluid velocity along the light gradient. Owing to the enhanced fluid flow and mixing properties, an even distribution of algae cells was achieved in the WDAB floating photobioreactor, which resulted in an improvement of 140% in the photosynthesis efficiency of microalgae. From this, the biomass yield and carbon removal ratio showed an increment of 88.9% and 73.9%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hongyan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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Loria MH, Griffin JS, Wells GF, Rhoads KR. Effects of feast-famine nutrient regimes on wastewater algal biofuel communities. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279943. [PMID: 36598899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae accumulate lipids in response to nutrient deprivation, and these lipids are a biodiesel fuel stock. Algal cultivation with secondary wastewater effluent is one proposed platform for biofuel production, which provides nutrients to algae while further polishing wastewater effluent. Algal bioreactors were tested using a feast-famine feeding regiment in simulated secondary wastewater effluent to evaluate the effects on lipid content and algal community structure. Algal polycultures were inoculated into reactors fed with synthetic secondary wastewater effluent at pH 7.5 and 9 and operated under a feast-famine nutrient (N, P, and BOD) supply regime in sequencing batch reactors. Fatty acid methyl ester contents of the reactors were assessed, which showed a decrease in lipid content after the feast-famine cycling (from 12.2% initially to 5.2% after four cycles at pH 9). This decrease in lipid content was not correlated with an increase in carbohydrate storage within biomass, nor an increase in bacterial biomass abundance relative to algal biomass in the reactors. The eukaryotic microbial communities from reactors operated at pH 9 diverged from reactors operated at pH 7.5 during cycling, with the pH 9 reactors becoming dominated by a single Operational Taxonomic Unit aligning to the Scenedesmus genus. These results suggest that high pH and feast-famine nutrient cycling may select for a less diverse algal community with a lower lipid content within a secondary wastewater polishing scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Loria
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - James S Griffin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - George F Wells
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kurt R Rhoads
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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Fungal Contamination in Microalgal Cultivation: Biological and Biotechnological Aspects of Fungi-Microalgae Interaction. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8101099. [PMID: 36294664 PMCID: PMC9605242 DOI: 10.3390/jof8101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the increasing interest in microalgae as sources of new biomolecules and environmental remediators stimulated scientists’ investigations and industrial applications. Nowadays, microalgae are exploited in different fields such as cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals and as human and animal food supplements. Microalgae can be grown using various cultivation systems depending on their final application. One of the main problems in microalgae cultivations is the possible presence of biological contaminants. Fungi, among the main contaminants in microalgal cultures, are able to influence the production and quality of biomass significantly. Here, we describe fungal contamination considering both shortcomings and benefits of fungi-microalgae interactions, highlighting the biological aspects of this interaction and the possible biotechnological applications.
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Lian J, Steinert G, de Vree J, Meijer S, Heryanto C, Bosma R, Wijffels RH, Barbosa MJ, Smidt H, Sipkema D. Bacterial diversity in different outdoor pilot plant photobioreactor types during production of the microalga Nannochloropsis sp. CCAP211/78. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2235-2248. [PMID: 35166894 PMCID: PMC8930801 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11815-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As large-scale outdoor production cannot be done in complete containment, cultures are (more) open for bacteria, which may affect the productivity and stability of the algae production process. We investigated the bacterial diversity in two indoor reactors and four pilot-scale outdoor reactors for the production of Nannochloropsis sp. CCAP211/78 spanning four months of operation from July to October. Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons demonstrated that a wide variety of bacteria were present in all reactor types, with predominance of Bacteroidetes and Alphaproteobacteria. Bacterial communities were significantly different between all reactor types (except between the horizontal tubular reactor and the vertical tubular reactor) and also between runs in each reactor. Bacteria common to the majority of samples included one member of the Saprospiraceae family and one of the NS11-12_marine group (both Bacteroidetes). Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed two phases during the cultivation period separated by a major shift in bacterial community composition in the horizontal tubular reactor, the vertical tubular reactor and the raceway pond with a strong decrease of the Saprospiraceae and NS11-12_marine group that initially dominated the bacterial communities. Furthermore, we observed a less consistent pattern of bacterial taxa appearing in different reactors and runs, most of which belonging to the classes Deltaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriia. In addition, canonical correspondence analysis showed that the bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with the nitrate concentration. This study contributes to our understanding of bacterial diversity and composition in different types of outdoor reactors exposed to a range of dynamic biotic and abiotic factors. Key points • Reactor types had significantly different bacterial communities except HT and VT • The inoculum source and physiochemical factors together affect bacterial community • The bacterial family Saprospiraceae is positively correlated to microalgal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lian
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Georg Steinert
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Vree
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Meijer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christa Heryanto
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rouke Bosma
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - René H Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, N8049, Bodø, Norway
| | - Maria J Barbosa
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Detmer Sipkema
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Biocrude Oil Production by Integrating Microalgae Polyculture and Wastewater Treatment: Novel Proposal on the Use of Deep Water-Depth Polyculture of Mixotrophic Microalgae. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14216992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have attracted significant attention worldwide as one of the most promising feedstock fossil fuel alternatives. However, there are a few challenges for algal fuels to compete with fossil fuels that need to be addressed. Therefore, this study reviews the R&D status of microalgae-based polyculture and biocrude oil production, along with wastewater treatment. Mixotrophic algae are free to some extent from light restrictions using organic matter and have the ability to grow well even in deep water-depth cultivation. It is proposed that integrating the mixotrophic microalgae polyculture and wastewater treatment process is the most promising and harmonizing means to simultaneously increase capacities of microalgae biomass production and wastewater treatment with a low land footprint and high robustness to perturbations. A large amount of mixotrophic algae biomass is harvested, concentrated, and dewatered by combining highly efficient sedimentation through flocculation and energy efficient filtration, which reduce the carbon footprint for algae fuel production and coincide with the subsequent hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conversion. HTL products are obtained with a relatively low carbon footprint and separated into biocrude oil, solid, aqueous, and gas fractions. Algae biomass feedstock-based HTL conversion has a high biocrude oil yield and quality available for existing oil refineries; it also has a bioavailability of the recycled nitrogen and phosphorus from the aqueous phase of algae community HTL. The HTL biocrude oil represents higher sustainability than conventional liquid fuels and other biofuels for the combination of greenhouse gas (GHG) and energy return on investment (EROI). Deep water-depth polyculture of mixotrophic microalgae using sewage has a high potential to produce sustainable biocrude oil within the land area of existing sewage treatment plants in Japan to fulfill imported crude oil.
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A critical perspective on the scope of interdisciplinary approaches used in fourth-generation biofuel production. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Biomass and Lipid Productivity by Two Algal Strains of Chlorella sorokiniana Grown in Hydrolysate of Water Hyacinth. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14051411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysate prepared from the chemical hydrolysis of water hyacinth biomass contains a high amount of solubilised carbohydrate and nutrients. This hydrolysate was utilised as a medium for the cultivation of two strains of Chlorella sorokiniana, isolated from a municipal wastewater treatment plant using two different media, i.e., BG-11 and Knop’s medium. Different light intensities, light–dark cycles, and various concentrations of external carbon sources (monosaccharides and inorganic carbon) were used to optimise the microalgal growth. For the accumulation of lipids and carbohydrates, the microalgal strains were transferred to nutrient amended medium (N-amended and P-amended). It was observed that the combined effect of glucose, inorganic carbon, and a 12:12 h light–dark cycle proved to be the optimum parameters for high biomass productivity (~200 mg/L/day). For Chlorella sorokiniana 1 (isolated from BG-11 medium), the maximum carbohydrate content (22%) was found in P-amended medium (N = 0 mg/L, P: 3 mg/L), whereas, high lipid content (17.3%) was recorded in N-amended medium (N = 5 mg/L, P = 0 mg/L). However, for Chlorella sorokiniana 2 (isolated from the Knop’s medium), both lipid (17%) and carbohydrate accumulation (12.3%) were found to be maximum in the N-amended medium. Chlorella sorokiniana 2 showed a high saturated lipid accumulation compared to other strains. Kinetic modelling of the lipid profile revealed that the production rate of fatty acids and their various constituents were species dependent under identical conditions.
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Chernikova TN, Bargiela R, Toshchakov SV, Shivaraman V, Lunev EA, Yakimov MM, Thomas DN, Golyshin PN. Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria Alcanivorax and Marinobacter Associated With Microalgae Pavlova lutheri and Nannochloropsis oculata. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:572931. [PMID: 33193176 PMCID: PMC7655873 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.572931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria play an important role in natural petroleum biodegradation processes and were initially associated with man-made oil spills or natural seeps. There is no full clarity though on what, in the absence of petroleum, their natural niches are. Few studies pointed at some marine microalgae that produce oleophilic compounds (alkanes, long-chain fatty acids, and alcohols) as potential natural hosts of these bacteria. We established Dansk crude oil-based enrichment cultures with photobioreactor-grown marine microalgae cultures Pavlova lutheri and Nannochloropsis oculata and analyzed the microbial succession using cultivation and SSU (16S) rRNA amplicon sequencing. We found that petroleum enforced a strong selection for members of Alpha- and Gamma-proteobacteria in both enrichment cultures with the prevalence of Alcanivorax and Marinobacter spp., well-known hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria. In total, 48 non-redundant bacterial strains were isolated and identified to represent genera Alcanivorax, Marinobacter, Thalassospira, Hyphomonas, Halomonas, Marinovum, Roseovarius, and Oleibacter, which were abundant in sequencing reads in both crude oil enrichments. Our assessment of public databases demonstrated some overlaps of geographical sites of isolation of Nannochloropsis and Pavlova with places of molecular detection and isolation of Alcanivorax and Marinobacter spp. Our study suggests that these globally important hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are associated with P. lutheri and N. oculata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana N Chernikova
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom.,CEB-Centre for Environmental Biotechnology, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael Bargiela
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Evgenii A Lunev
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Michail M Yakimov
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology of the National Research Council, IRBIM-CNR, Messina, Italy
| | - David N Thomas
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter N Golyshin
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom.,CEB-Centre for Environmental Biotechnology, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom
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Haberkorn I, Walser J, Helisch H, Böcker L, Belz S, Schuppler M, Fasoulas S, Mathys A. Characterization of Chlorella vulgaris (Trebouxiophyceae) associated microbial communities 1. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:1308-1322. [PMID: 32428976 PMCID: PMC7687158 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae exhibit extensive potential for counteracting imminent challenges in the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and biomaterial sectors, but lack economic viability. Biotechnological systems for contamination control could advance the economic viability of microalgal feedstock, but the selection of suitable strains that sustainably promote microalgal productivity remains challenging. In this study, total diversity in phototrophic Chlorella vulgaris cultures was assessed by amplicon sequencing comparing cultures subjected to five different cultivation conditions. Overall, 12 eukaryotic and 53 prokaryotic taxa were identified; Alphaproteobacteria (36.7%) dominated the prokaryotic and C. vulgaris (97.2%) the eukaryotic community. Despite altering cultivation conditions, 2 eukaryotic and 40 prokaryotic taxa remained stably associated with C. vulgaris; diversity between systems did not significantly differ (P > 0.05). Among those, 20 cultivable taxa were isolated and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. Subsequently, controlled co-cultures were investigated showing stable associations of C. vulgaris with Sphingopyxis sp. and Pseudomonas sp.. Out-competition of C. vulgaris due to ammonium or phosphate limitation was not observed, despite significantly elevated growth of Sphingopyxis sp. and Tistrella sp.. (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, C. vulgaris growth was impaired by Tistrella sp.. Hence, the study provides a selection of stable indigenous prokaryotes and eukaryotes for artificially tailoring microbial biocenoses. Following a bottom-up approach, it provides a base for controlled co-cultures and thus the establishment of even more complex biocenoses using interkingdom assemblages. Such assemblages can benefit from functional richness for improved nutrient utilization, as well as bacterial load control, which can enhance microalgal feedstock production through improved culture stability and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Haberkorn
- Laboratory of Sustainable Food ProcessingInstitute of Food, Nutrition and HealthSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)Schmelzbergstrasse 98092ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Jean‐Claude Walser
- Genetic Diversity CentreSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)Universitätsstrasse 168092ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Harald Helisch
- Institute of Space System EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 2970569StuttgartGermany
| | - Lukas Böcker
- Laboratory of Sustainable Food ProcessingInstitute of Food, Nutrition and HealthSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)Schmelzbergstrasse 98092ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Stefan Belz
- Institute of Space System EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 2970569StuttgartGermany
| | - Markus Schuppler
- Laboratory of Food MicrobiologyInstitute of Food, Nutrition and HealthSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)Schmelzbergstrasse 78092ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Stefanos Fasoulas
- Institute of Space System EngineeringUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 2970569StuttgartGermany
| | - Alexander Mathys
- Laboratory of Sustainable Food ProcessingInstitute of Food, Nutrition and HealthSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)Schmelzbergstrasse 98092ZürichSwitzerland
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Teng SY, Yew GY, Sukačová K, Show PL, Máša V, Chang JS. Microalgae with artificial intelligence: A digitalized perspective on genetics, systems and products. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 44:107631. [PMID: 32931875 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With recent advances in novel gene-editing tools such as RNAi, ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR-Cas9, the possibility of altering microalgae toward designed properties for various application is becoming a reality. Alteration of microalgae genomes can modify metabolic pathways to give elevated yields in lipids, biomass, and other components. The potential of such genetically optimized microalgae can give a "domino effect" in further providing optimization leverages down the supply chain, in aspects such as cultivation, processing, system design, process integration, and revolutionary products. However, the current level of understanding the functional information of various microalgae gene sequences is still primitive and insufficient as microalgae genome sequences are long and complex. From this perspective, this work proposes to link up this knowledge gap between microalgae genetic information and optimized bioproducts using Artificial Intelligence (AI). With the recent acceleration of AI research, large and complex data from microalgae research can be properly analyzed by combining the cutting-edge of both fields. In this work, the most suitable class of AI algorithms (such as active learning, semi-supervised learning, and meta-learning) are discussed for different cases of microalgae applications. This work concisely reviews the current state of the research milestones and highlight some of the state-of-art that has been carried out, providing insightful future pathways. The utilization of AI algorithms in microalgae cultivation, system optimization, and other aspects of the supply chain is also discussed. This work opens the pathway to a digitalized future for microalgae research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Yong Teng
- Brno University of Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Guo Yong Yew
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kateřina Sukačová
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno 603 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Vítězslav Máša
- Brno University of Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
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12
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Steichen SA, Gao S, Waller P, Brown JK. Association between algal productivity and phycosphere composition in an outdoor Chlorella sorokiniana reactor based on multiple longitudinal analyses. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 13:1546-1561. [PMID: 32449601 PMCID: PMC7415377 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae as a biofuel source are of great interest. Bacterial phycosphere inhabitants of algal cultures are hypothesized to contribute to productivity. In this study, the bacterial composition of the Chlorella sorokiniana phycosphere was determined over several production cycles in different growing seasons by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identification. The diversity of the phycosphere increased with time during each individual reactor run, based on Faith's phylogenetic diversity metric versus days post-inoculation (R = 0.66, P < 0.001). During summer months, Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus, an obligate predatory bacterium, was prevalent. Bacterial sequences assigned to the Rhizobiales, Betaproteobacteriales and Chitinophagales were positively associated with algal biomass productivity. Applications of the general biocide, benzalkonium chloride, to a subset of experiments intended to abate V. chlorellavorus appeared to temporarily suppress phycosphere bacterial growth, however, there was no relationship between those bacterial taxa suppressed by benzalkonium chloride and their association with algal productivity, based on multinomial model correlations. Algal health was approximated using a model-based metric, or the 'Health Index' that indicated a robust, positive relationship between C. sorokiniana fitness and presence of members belonging to the Burholderiaceae and Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium clade. Bacterial community composition was linked to the efficiency of microalgal biomass production and algal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth A. Steichen
- School of Plant SciencesThe University of Arizona1140 E South Campus DrTucsonAZ85721USA
| | - Song Gao
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory1529 West Sequim Bay RoadSequimWA98382USA
| | - Peter Waller
- Biosystems EngineeringThe University of Arizona1177 E 4th StTucsonAZ85721USA
| | - Judith K. Brown
- School of Plant SciencesThe University of Arizona1140 E South Campus DrTucsonAZ85721USA
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14
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The effect of the microalgae-bacteria microbiome on wastewater treatment and biomass production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:893-905. [PMID: 31828407 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of microalgae for wastewater treatment has been proposed as a cost-effective method to produce biofuels while remediating waste streams. This study examined the microalgae biomass production rate, wastewater treatment efficiency, and prokaryotic organism microbiome associated with microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana cultivated on anaerobic digestate effluent. Final microalgae biomass concentrations from nine photobioreactors were highly variable and had values that ranged between 0.14 g/L and 0.90 g/L. Nutrient removal efficiencies for TN (total nitrogen), N-NH4 (ammonium nitrogen), and COD (chemical oxygen demand) ranged from 34% to 67%, 65% to 97%, and-60% to 14%, respectively. Analysis of individual OTUs (operational taxonomic units) from the microbial community revealed that microalgae biomass concentrations were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of OTUs in the genus Pusillimonas. Predictive metagenomic analyses identified additional correlations associated with biomass production and nutrient removal. These results suggest that the microbial community present during microalgae cultivation on wastewater can impact the performance of the system for biomass production and wastewater treatment.
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15
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Yuan D, Yao M, Wang L, Li Y, Gong Y, Hu Q. Effect of recycling the culture medium on biodiversity and population dynamics of bio-contaminants in Spirulina platensis mass culture systems. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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Giraldo JB, Stock W, Dow L, Roef L, Willems A, Mangelinckx S, Kroth PG, Vyverman W, Michiels M. Influence of the algal microbiome on biofouling during industrial cultivation of Nannochloropsis sp. in closed photobioreactors. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Model exploration of interactions between algal functional diversity and productivity in chemostats to represent open ponds systems across climate gradients. Ecol Modell 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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Dong Y, Xiang X, Zhao G, Song Y, Zhou L. Variations in gut bacterial communities of hooded crane ( Grus monacha) over spatial-temporal scales. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7045. [PMID: 31218123 PMCID: PMC6563796 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microbes have been recognized as important symbionts to regulate host life. The animal gut harbors abundance and diverse bacteria. Numerous internal and external factors influence intestinal bacterial communities, including diet, seasonal fluctuations and habitat sites. However, the factors that influence the gut bacterial communities of wild bird is poorly characterized. Methods By high-throughput sequencing and statistical analysis, we investigated the variations in gut bacterial communities of the hooded cranes at three wintering stages in Caizi (CZL) and Shengjin Lake (SJL), which are two shallow lakes in the middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain. Results Our results revealed significant differences in gut bacterial community structure and diversity among different sampling sites and wintering stages. Seasonal changes have a significant impact on the gut microbe composition of hooded cranes in the two lakes. ANOSIM analysis demonstrated that the samples in CZL had greater differences in the gut bacterial composition than that in SJL. Our data showed strong evidence that the host's gut filtering might be an important factor in shaping bacterial community according to mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD). The PICRUSt analysis showed that the predicted metagenomes associated with the gut microbiome were carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism over the entire wintering period at the two lakes. Conclusions The results demonstrated that both seasonal changes and habitat sites have significant impact on the gut bacterial communities of hooded cranes. In addition, predictive function of gut microbes in hooded cranes varied over time. These results provide new insights into the gut microbial community of the cranes, which serves as a foundation for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiu Dong
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xingjia Xiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Guanghong Zhao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunwei Song
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve, Chizhou, China
| | - Lizhi Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei, China
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Seger M, Unc A, Starkenburg SR, Holguin FO, Lammers PJ. Nutrient-driven algal-bacterial dynamics in semi-continuous, pilot-scale photobioreactor cultivation of Nannochloropsis salina CCMP1776 with municipal wastewater nutrients. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Behera B, Acharya A, Gargey IA, Aly N, P B. Bioprocess engineering principles of microalgal cultivation for sustainable biofuel production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Bohutskyi P, Phan D, Kopachevsky AM, Chow S, Bouwer EJ, Betenbaugh MJ. Synergistic co-digestion of wastewater grown algae-bacteria polyculture biomass and cellulose to optimize carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and application of kinetic models to predict anaerobic digestion energy balance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:210-220. [PMID: 30173067 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated enhancing methane production from algal-bacteria biomass by adjusting the C/N ratio through co-digestion with a nitrogen-poor co-substrate - cellulose. A biomethane potential test was used to determine cumulative biogas and methane production for pure and co-digested substrates. Four kinetic models were evaluated for their accuracy describing experimental data. These models were used to estimate the total energy output and net energy ratio (NER) for a scaled AD system. Increasing the algal C/N ratio from 5.7 to 20-30 (optimal algae:cellulose feedstock ratios of 35%:65% and 20%:80%) improved the ultimate methane yield by >10% and the first ten days production by >100%. The modified Gompertz kinetic model demonstrated highest accuracy, predicting that co-digestion improved methane production by reducing the time-lag by ∼50% and increasing rate by ∼35%. The synergistic effects increase the AD system energy efficiency and NER by 30-45%, suggesting potential for substantial enhancements from co-digestion at scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Bohutskyi
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3300 Stevens Dr., Richland, WA 99354, United States.
| | - Duc Phan
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Cir, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Anatoliy M Kopachevsky
- Department of Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering, Academy of Construction and Architecture of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, 4 Prospekt Vernadskogo, Simferopol 295007, Republic of Crimea; Water Technologies Research and Production Company, 7 Petropavlovskaya Street, Simferopol, 295000, Republic of Crimea; Water of the Crimea State Unitary Enterprise, 1а Kievskaya Street. Simferopol, 295053, Republic of Crimea
| | - Steven Chow
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, United States
| | - Edward J Bouwer
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, United States
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, United States
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22
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Lian J, Wijffels RH, Smidt H, Sipkema D. The effect of the algal microbiome on industrial production of microalgae. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:806-818. [PMID: 29978601 PMCID: PMC6116740 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes are ubiquitously distributed, and they are also present in algae production systems. The algal microbiome is a pivotal part of the alga holobiont and has a key role in modulating algal populations in nature. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the role of bacteria in artificial systems ranging from laboratory flasks to industrial ponds. Coexisting microorganisms, and predominantly bacteria, are often regarded as contaminants in algal research, but recent studies manifested that many algal symbionts not only promote algal growth but also offer advantages in downstream processing. Because of the high expectations for microalgae in a bio‐based economy, better understanding of benefits and risks of algal–microbial associations is important for the algae industry. Reducing production cost may be through applying specific bacteria to enhance algae growth at large scale as well as through preventing the growth of a broad spectrum of algal pathogens. In this review, we highlight the latest studies of algae–microbial interactions and their underlying mechanisms, discuss advantages of large‐scale algal–bacterial cocultivation and extend such knowledge to a broad range of biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lian
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rene H Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, N-8049, Bodø, Norway
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Detmer Sipkema
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Fulbright SP, Robbins-Pianka A, Berg-Lyons D, Knight R, Reardon KF, Chisholm ST. Bacterial community changes in an industrial algae production system. ALGAL RES 2018; 31:147-156. [PMID: 29785358 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
While microalgae are a promising feedstock for production of fuels and other chemicals, a challenge for the algal bioproducts industry is obtaining consistent, robust algae growth. Algal cultures include complex bacterial communities and can be difficult to manage because specific bacteria can promote or reduce algae growth. To overcome bacterial contamination, algae growers may use closed photobioreactors designed to reduce the number of contaminant organisms. Even with closed systems, bacteria are known to enter and cohabitate, but little is known about these communities. Therefore, the richness, structure, and composition of bacterial communities were characterized in closed photobioreactor cultivations of Nannochloropsis salina in F/2 medium at different scales, across nine months spanning late summer-early spring, and during a sequence of serially inoculated cultivations. Using 16S rRNA sequence data from 275 samples, bacterial communities in small, medium, and large cultures were shown to be significantly different. Larger systems contained richer bacterial communities compared to smaller systems. Relationships between bacterial communities and algae growth were complex. On one hand, blooms of a specific bacterial type were observed in three abnormal, poorly performing replicate cultivations, while on the other, notable changes in the bacterial community structures were observed in a series of serial large-scale batch cultivations that had similar growth rates. Bacteria common to the majority of samples were identified, including a single OTU within the class Saprospirae that was found in all samples. This study contributes important information for crop protection in algae systems, and demonstrates the complex ecosystems that need to be understood for consistent, successful industrial algae cultivation. This is the first study to profile bacterial communities during the scale-up process of industrial algae systems.
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Toyama T, Kasuya M, Hanaoka T, Kobayashi N, Tanaka Y, Inoue D, Sei K, Morikawa M, Mori K. Growth promotion of three microalgae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris and Euglena gracilis, by in situ indigenous bacteria in wastewater effluent. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:176. [PMID: 29983739 PMCID: PMC6016138 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae are a promising biomass feedstock for biofuels production. The use of wastewater effluent as a nutrient medium would improve the economics of microalgal biofuels production. Bacterial communities in aquatic environments may either stimulate or inhibit microalgal growth. Microalgal productivity could be enhanced if the positive effects of indigenous bacteria could be exploited. However, much is unknown about the effects of indigenous bacteria on microalgal growth and the characteristics of bacterial communities associated with microalgae in microalgae-effluent culture. To assess the effects of the indigenous bacteria in wastewater effluent on microalgal growth, three microalgae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris, and Euglena gracilis, were cultured in two municipal wastewater effluents and one swine wastewater effluent with and without indigenous bacteria for 7 days. RESULTS All microalgae grew better in all effluents with indigenous bacteria than without bacteria. Biomass production of C. reinhardtii, C. vulgaris, and E. gracilis increased > 1.5, 1.8-2.8, and > 2.1-fold, respectively, compared to the axenic cultures of each microalga. The in situ indigenous bacterial communities in the effluents therefore promoted the growth of the three microalgae during 7-day cultures. Furthermore, the total numbers of bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the 7-day microalgae-effluent cultures were 109‒793 times the initial numbers. These results suggest that the three microalgae produced and supplied organic carbon that supported bacterial growth in the effluent. At the phylum and class levels, Proteobacteria (Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria) and Bacteroidetes (Sphingobacteriia and Saprospirae) were selectively enriched in all microalgae-effluent cultures. The enriched core bacterial families and genera were functions of the microalgal species and effluents. These results suggest that certain members of the bacterial community promote the growth of their "host" microalgal species. CONCLUSION To enhance their own growth, microalgae may be able to selectively stimulate specific bacterial groups from among the in situ indigenous bacterial community found in wastewater effluent (i.e., microalgae growth-promoting bacteria: MGPB). The MGPB from effluent cultures could be used as "probiotics" to enhance microalgal growth in effluent culture. Wastewater effluent may therefore be a valuable resource, not only of nutrients, but also of MGPB to enable more efficient microalgal biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Toyama
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
| | - Mari Kasuya
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
| | - Tsubasa Hanaoka
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
| | - Naoto Kobayashi
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Kazunari Sei
- Department of Health Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara-Minami, Kanagawa 252-0373 Japan
| | - Masaaki Morikawa
- Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10 Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Mori
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
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Chen Y, Xu C, Vaidyanathan S. Microalgae: a robust "green bio-bridge" between energy and environment. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 38:351-368. [PMID: 28764567 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1355774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are a potential candidate for biofuel production and environmental treatment because of their specific characteristics (e.g. fast growth, carbon neutral, and rich lipid accumulations). However, several primary bottlenecks still exist in current technologies, including low biomass conversion efficiency, bio-invasion from the external environment, limited or costly nutrient sources, and high energy and capital input for harvest, and stalling its industrial progression. Coupling biofuel production with environmental treatment renders microalgae a more feasible feedstock. This review focuses on microalgae biotechnologies for both bioenergy generation and environmental treatment (e.g. CO2 sequestration and wastewater reclamation). Different intelligent technologies have been developed, especially during the last decade, to eliminate the bottlenecks, including mixotrophic/heterotrophic cultivation, immobilization, and co-cultivation. It has been realized that any single purpose for the cultivation of microalgae is not an economically feasible option. Combinations of applications in biorefineries are gradually reckoned to be necessary as it provides more economically feasible and environmentally sustainable operations. This presents microalgae as a special niche occupier linking the fields of energy and environmental sciences and technologies. The integrated application of microalgae is also proven by most of the life-cycle analysis studies. This study summarizes the latest development of primary microalgal biotechnologies in the two areas that will bring researchers a comprehensive view towards industrialization with an economic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Chen
- a Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration , Xiamen , People's Republic of China
| | - Changan Xu
- a Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration , Xiamen , People's Republic of China
| | - Seetharaman Vaidyanathan
- b Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield , UK
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26
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Cross-study analysis of factors affecting algae cultivation in recycled medium for biofuel production. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Mark Ibekwe A, Murinda SE, Murry MA, Schwartz G, Lundquist T. Microbial community structures in high rate algae ponds for bioconversion of agricultural wastes from livestock industry for feed production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 580:1185-1196. [PMID: 28003050 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Dynamics of seasonal microbial community compositions in algae cultivation ponds are complex. However, there is very limited knowledge on bacterial communities that may play significant roles with algae in the bioconversion of manure nutrients to animal feed. In this study, water samples were collected during winter, spring, summer, and fall from the dairy lagoon effluent (DLE), high rate algae ponds (HRAP) that were fed with diluted DLE, and municipal waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluent which was included as a comparison system for the analysis of total bacteria, Cyanobacteria, and microalgae communities using MiSeq Illumina sequencing targeting the 16S V4 rDNA region. The main objective was to examine dynamics in microbial community composition in the HRAP used for the production of algal biomass. DNA was extracted from the different sample types using three commercially available DNA extraction kits; MoBio Power water extraction kit, Zymo fungi/bacterial extraction kit, and MP Biomedicals FastDNA SPIN Kit. Permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) using distance matrices on each variable showed significant differences (P=0.001) in beta-diversity based on sample source. Environmental variables such as hydraulic retention time (HRT; P<0.031), total N (P<0.002), total inorganic N (P<0.002), total P (P<0.002), alkalinity (P<0.002), pH (P<0.022), total suspended solid (TSS; P<0.003), and volatile suspended solids (VSS; P<0.002) significantly affected microbial communities in DLE, HRAP, and WWTP. Of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified to phyla level, the dominant classes of bacteria identified were: Cyanobacteria, Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, Epsilon-, and Delta-proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetes. Our data suggest that microbial communities were significantly affected in HRAP by different environmental variables, and care must be taken in extraction procedures when evaluating specific groups of microbial communities for specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mark Ibekwe
- US Salinity Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 450 W. Big Springs Rd., Riverside, CA 92507, USA.
| | - Shelton E Murinda
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
| | - Marcia A Murry
- Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
| | - Gregory Schwartz
- BioResource and Agricultural Engineering Department, College of Agriculture, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Trygve Lundquist
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
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28
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Fulbright SP, Chisholm S, Reardon KF. Growth inhibition of Nannochloropsis species by Bacillus pumilus. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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29
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Newby DT, Mathews TJ, Pate RC, Huesemann MH, Lane TW, Wahlen BD, Mandal S, Engler RK, Feris KP, Shurin JB. Assessing the potential of polyculture to accelerate algal biofuel production. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Design and Evaluation of Illumina MiSeq-Compatible, 18S rRNA Gene-Specific Primers for Improved Characterization of Mixed Phototrophic Communities. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:5878-91. [PMID: 27451454 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01630-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The use of high-throughput sequencing technologies with the 16S rRNA gene for characterization of bacterial and archaeal communities has become routine. However, the adoption of sequencing methods for eukaryotes has been slow, despite their significance to natural and engineered systems. There are large variations among the target genes used for amplicon sequencing, and for the 18S rRNA gene, there is no consensus on which hypervariable region provides the most suitable representation of diversity. Additionally, it is unclear how much PCR/sequencing bias affects the depiction of community structure using current primers. The present study amplified the V4 and V8-V9 regions from seven microalgal mock communities as well as eukaryotic communities from freshwater, coastal, and wastewater samples to examine the effect of PCR/sequencing bias on community structure and membership. We found that degeneracies on the 3' end of the current V4-specific primers impact read length and mean relative abundance. Furthermore, the PCR/sequencing error is markedly higher for GC-rich members than for communities with balanced GC content. Importantly, the V4 region failed to reliably capture 2 of the 12 mock community members, and the V8-V9 hypervariable region more accurately represents mean relative abundance and alpha and beta diversity. Overall, the V4 and V8-V9 regions show similar community representations over freshwater, coastal, and wastewater environments, but specific samples show markedly different communities. These results indicate that multiple primer sets may be advantageous for gaining a more complete understanding of community structure and highlight the importance of including mock communities composed of species of interest. IMPORTANCE The quantification of error associated with community representation by amplicon sequencing is a critical challenge that is often ignored. When target genes are amplified using currently available primers, differential amplification efficiencies result in inaccurate estimates of community structure. The extent to which amplification bias affects community representation and the accuracy with which different gene targets represent community structure are not known. As a result, there is no consensus on which region provides the most suitable representation of diversity for eukaryotes. This study determined the accuracy with which commonly used 18S rRNA gene primer sets represent community structure and identified particular biases related to PCR amplification and Illumina MiSeq sequencing in order to more accurately study eukaryotic microbial communities.
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Geng H, Tran-Gyamfi MB, Lane TW, Sale KL, Yu ET. Changes in the Structure of the Microbial Community Associated with Nannochloropsis salina following Treatments with Antibiotics and Bioactive Compounds. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1155. [PMID: 27507966 PMCID: PMC4960269 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Open microalgae cultures host a myriad of bacteria, creating a complex system of interacting species that influence algal growth and health. Many algal microbiota studies have been conducted to determine the relative importance of bacterial taxa to algal culture health and physiological states, but these studies have not characterized the interspecies relationships in the microbial communities. We subjected Nanochroloropsis salina cultures to multiple chemical treatments (antibiotics and quorum sensing compounds) and obtained dense time-series data on changes to the microbial community using 16S gene amplicon metagenomic sequencing (21,029,577 reads for 23 samples) to measure microbial taxa-taxa abundance correlations. Short-term treatment with antibiotics resulted in substantially larger shifts in the microbiota structure compared to changes observed following treatment with signaling compounds and glucose. We also calculated operational taxonomic unit (OTU) associations and generated OTU correlation networks to provide an overview of possible bacterial OTU interactions. This analysis identified five major cohesive modules of microbiota with similar co-abundance profiles across different chemical treatments. The Eigengenes of OTU modules were examined for correlation with different external treatment factors. This correlation-based analysis revealed that culture age (time) and treatment types have primary effects on forming network modules and shaping the community structure. Additional network analysis detected Alteromonadeles and Alphaproteobacteria as having the highest centrality, suggesting these species are “keystone” OTUs in the microbial community. Furthermore, we illustrated that the chemical tropodithietic acid, which is secreted by several species in the Alphaproteobacteria taxon, is able to drastically change the structure of the microbiota within 3 h. Taken together, these results provide valuable insights into the structure of the microbiota associated with N. salina cultures and how these structures change in response to chemical perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Geng
- Department of Systems Biology, Sandia National Laboratories Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Mary B Tran-Gyamfi
- Department of Biomass Science and Conversion Technology, Sandia National Laboratories Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Todd W Lane
- Department of Systems Biology, Sandia National Laboratories Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth L Sale
- Department of Biomass Science and Conversion Technology, Sandia National Laboratories Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Eizadora T Yu
- Department of Systems Biology, Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, CA, USA; Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines DilimanQuezon City, Philippines
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Carney LT, Wilkenfeld JS, Lane PD, Solberg OD, Fuqua ZB, Cornelius NG, Gillespie S, Williams KP, Samocha TM, Lane TW. Pond Crash Forensics: Presumptive identification of pond crash agents by next generation sequencing in replicate raceway mass cultures of Nannochloropsis salina. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Geng H, Sale KL, Tran-Gyamfi MB, Lane TW, Yu ET. Longitudinal Analysis of Microbiota in Microalga Nannochloropsis salina Cultures. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2016; 72:14-24. [PMID: 26956183 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-016-0746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale open microalgae cultivation has tremendous potential to make a significant contribution to replacing petroleum-based fuels with biofuels. Open algal cultures are unavoidably inhabited with a diversity of microbes that live on, influence, and shape the fate of these ecosystems. However, there is little understanding of the resilience and stability of the microbial communities in engineered semicontinuous algal systems. To evaluate the dynamics and resilience of the microbial communities in microalgae biofuel cultures, we conducted a longitudinal study on open systems to compare the temporal profiles of the microbiota from two multigenerational algal cohorts, which include one seeded with the microbiota from an in-house culture and the other exogenously seeded with a natural-occurring consortia of bacterial species harvested from the Pacific Ocean. From these month-long, semicontinuous open microalga Nannochloropsis salina cultures, we sequenced a time-series of 46 samples, yielding 8804 operational taxonomic units derived from 9,160,076 high-quality partial 16S rRNA sequences. We provide quantitative evidence that clearly illustrates the development of microbial community is associated with microbiota ancestry. In addition, N. salina growth phases were linked with distinct changes in microbial phylotypes. Alteromonadeles dominated the community in the N. salina exponential phase whereas Alphaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriia were more prevalent in the stationary phase. We also demonstrate that the N. salina-associated microbial community in open cultures is diverse, resilient, and dynamic in response to environmental perturbations. This knowledge has general implications for developing and testing design principles of cultivated algal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Geng
- Department of Systems Biology, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Kenneth L Sale
- Department of Biomass Science and Conversion Technology, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Mary Bao Tran-Gyamfi
- Department of Biomass Science and Conversion Technology, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Todd W Lane
- Department of Systems Biology, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA.
| | - Eizadora T Yu
- Department of Systems Biology, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
- Institute of Chemistry, National Science Complex, University of the Philippines, Diliman Quezon City, 1101, Philippines
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Ganuza E, Sellers CE, Bennett BW, Lyons EM, Carney LT. A Novel Treatment Protects Chlorella at Commercial Scale from the Predatory Bacterium Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:848. [PMID: 27379027 PMCID: PMC4913114 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The predatory bacterium, Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus, can destroy a Chlorella culture in just a few days, rendering an otherwise robust algal crop into a discolored suspension of empty cell walls. Chlorella is used as a benchmark for open pond cultivation due to its fast growth. In nature, V. chlorellavorus plays an ecological role by controlling this widespread terrestrial and freshwater microalga, but it can have a devastating effect when it attacks large commercial ponds. We discovered that V. chlorellavorus was associated with the collapse of four pilot commercial-scale (130,000 L volume) open-pond reactors. Routine microscopy revealed the distinctive pattern of V. chlorellavorus attachment to the algal cells, followed by algal cell clumping, culture discoloration and ultimately, growth decline. The “crash” of the algal culture coincided with increasing proportions of 16s rRNA sequencing reads assigned to V. chlorellavorus. We designed a qPCR assay to predict an impending culture crash and developed a novel treatment to control the bacterium. We found that (1) Chlorella growth was not affected by a 15 min exposure to pH 3.5 in the presence of 0.5 g/L acetate, when titrated with hydrochloric acid and (2) this treatment had a bactericidal effect on the culture (2-log decrease in aerobic counts). Therefore, when qPCR results indicated a rise in V. chlorellavorus amplicons, we found that the pH-shock treatment prevented the culture crash and doubled the productive longevity of the culture. Furthermore, the treatment could be repeatedly applied to the same culture, at the beginning of at least two sequential batch cycles. In this case, the treatment was applied preventively, further increasing the longevity of the open pond culture. In summary, the treatment reversed the infection of V. chlorellavorus as confirmed by observations of bacterial attachment to Chlorella cells and by detection of V. chlorellavorus by 16s rRNA sequencing and qPCR assay. The pH-shock treatment is highly selective against prokaryotes, and it is a cost-effective treatment that can be used throughout the scale up and production process. To our knowledge, the treatment described here is the first effective control of V. chlorellavorus and will be an important tool for the microalgal industry and biofuel research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneko Ganuza
- Microbiology Group, Heliae Development LLC, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | | | - Braden W Bennett
- Molecular Ecology Group, Heliae Development LLC, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | - Eric M Lyons
- Microbiology Group, Heliae Development LLC, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | - Laura T Carney
- Molecular Ecology Group, Heliae Development LLC, Gilbert, AZ, USA
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Wastewater treatment and microbial communities in an integrated photo-bioelectrochemical system affected by different wastewater algal inocula. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Strittmatter M, Guerra T, Silva J, Gachon CMM. A new flagellated dispersion stage in Paraphysoderma sedebokerense, a pathogen of Haematococcus pluvialis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2015; 28:1553-1558. [PMID: 27226700 PMCID: PMC4851982 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-015-0700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The blastocladialean fungus Paraphysoderma sedebokerense Boussiba, Zarka and James is a devastating pathogen of the commercially valuable green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis, a natural source of the carotenoid pigment astaxanthin. First identified in commercial Haematococcus cultivation facilities, P. sedebokerense is hypothesised to have a complex life cycle that switches between a vegetative and a resting phase depending on favourable or unfavourable growth conditions. Rather unusually for blastocladialean fungi, P. sedebokerense was described as lacking flagellated zoospores and only propagating via aplanosporic amoeboid cells. However, during repeated microscopic observation of P. sedebokerense cultivated in optimal conditions, we detected fast-swimming, transiently uniflagellated zoospores which rapidly transform into infectious amoeboid swarmers, the existence of which suggests a closer than previously thought relatedness of P. sedebokerense to its sister genera Physoderma and Urophlyctis. Additionally, we found some morphological and physiological differences between amoeboid swarmers and discuss hypotheses about their significance. These amoeboid and flagellated propagules are key to the dissemination of P. sedebokerense and are probably also the life stages most vulnerable to adverse environmental conditions. They are therefore a prime target for the development of disease management protocols in industrial cultivation facilities, a goal which requires a detailed understanding of their physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Strittmatter
- />Scottish Marine Institute, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA UK
| | - Tiago Guerra
- />A4F—Algae For Future SA, Campus do Lumiar—Edifício E—R/C, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1648-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Silva
- />A4F—Algae For Future SA, Campus do Lumiar—Edifício E—R/C, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1648-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Claire M. M. Gachon
- />Scottish Marine Institute, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA UK
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Zevin AS, Nam T, Rittmann B, Krajmalnik-Brown R. Effects of phosphate limitation on soluble microbial products and microbial community structure in semi-continuousSynechocystis-based photobioreactors. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1761-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Zevin
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology; Arizona State University; Tempe Arizona
| | - Taekgul Nam
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology; Arizona State University; Tempe Arizona
| | - Bruce Rittmann
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology; Arizona State University; Tempe Arizona
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment; Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University; 1001 South McAllister Avenue Tempe Arizona 85287-5701
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology; Arizona State University; Tempe Arizona
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment; Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University; 1001 South McAllister Avenue Tempe Arizona 85287-5701
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Bioaerosol emissions from open microalgal processes and their potential environmental impacts: what can be learned from natural and anthropogenic aquatic environments? Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 33:279-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Krustok I, Truu J, Odlare M, Truu M, Ligi T, Tiirik K, Nehrenheim E. Effect of lake water on algal biomass and microbial community structure in municipal wastewater-based lab-scale photobioreactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6537-49. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yang J, Cao J, Xing G, Yuan H. Lipid production combined with biosorption and bioaccumulation of cadmium, copper, manganese and zinc by oleaginous microalgae Chlorella minutissima UTEX2341. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 175:537-44. [PMID: 25459865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Algae lipid production combined with heavy metal removal is a cost-effective and environment-friendly method for algae biofuel production and hazardous waste treatment. Chlorella minutissima UTEX 2341 had strong resistance to cadmium, copper, manganese and zinc ions under heterotrophic culture condition and could efficiently remove them through intracellular accumulation and extracellular immobilization. Meanwhile, lipid accumulation was not inhibited by heavy metals. Instead, the algae lipid content significantly increased by 21.07% and 93.90%, respectively with the addition of cadmium and copper. Furthermore, the heavy metal residue in lipid was within μg range and satisfied the commercial standard. This artificial wastewater-algae biofuel-heavy-metal integrated utilization technology offered a new alternative solution to the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinShui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - GuanLan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - HongLi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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