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Mehariya S, Annamalai SN, Thaher MI, Quadir MA, Khan S, Rahmanpoor A, Abdurahman Kashem, Faisal M, Sayadi S, Al Hawari A, Al-Jabri H, Das P. A comprehensive review on versatile microalga Tetraselmis: Potentials applications in wastewater remediation and bulk chemical production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121520. [PMID: 38917540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae are considered sustainable resources for the production of biofuel, feed, and bioactive compounds. Among various microalgal genera, the Tetraselmis genus, containing predominantly marine microalgal species with wide tolerance to salinity and temperature, has a high potential for large-scale commercialization. Until now, Tetraselmis sp. are exploited at smaller levels for aquaculture hatcheries and bivalve production. However, its prolific growth rate leads to promising areal productivity and energy-dense biomass, so it is considered a viable source of third-generation biofuel. Also, microbial pathogens and contaminants are not generally associated with Tetraselmis sp. in outdoor conditions due to faster growth as well as dominance in the culture. Numerous studies revealed that the metabolite compositions of Tetraselmis could be altered favorably by changing the growth conditions, taking advantage of its acclimatization or adaptation ability in different conditions. Furthermore, the biorefinery approach produces multiple fractions that can be successfully upgraded into various value-added products along with biofuel. Overall, Tetraselmis sp. could be considered a potential strain for further algal biorefinery development under the circular bioeconomy framework. In this aspect, this review discusses the recent advancements in the cultivation and harvesting of Tetraselmis sp. for wider application in different sectors. Furthermore, this review highlights the key challenges associated with large-scale cultivation, biomass harvesting, and commercial applications for Tetraselmis sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeet Mehariya
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Senthil Nagappan Annamalai
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mahmoud Ibrahim Thaher
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Abdul Quadir
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shoyeb Khan
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali Rahmanpoor
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdurahman Kashem
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Faisal
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alaa Al Hawari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hareb Al-Jabri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Probir Das
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Extraction of Municipal Sewage Sludge Lipids Using Supercritical CO2 for Biodiesel Production: Mathematical and Kinetics Modeling. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7349052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Demand for determining renewable lipids feedstock for the production of biodiesel is increasing with the rapid depletion of petroleum diesel. The present study was conducted to assess the feasibility of utilizing municipal sewage sludge (MSS) as a potential lipids feedstock for biodiesel production. The lipids’ extraction and separation from MSS were conducted using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) with varying treatment time (15–120 min), temperature (30–80°C), pressure (10–50 MPa), and addition of cosolvents (1–10 wt.%). The modified Gompertz equation and Arrhenius equation were employed to evaluate lipids’ extraction and kinetics behavior from municipal sewage sludge using scCO2. About 27% of lipids were extracted from MSS with scCO2 at a temperature of 60°C, pressure of 30 MPa, treatment time of 60 min, and 5 wt.% of ethanol (EtOH) as cosolvent. The modified Gompertz equation was adequately fitted with experimental data of the lipids’ extraction from MSS using scCO2. The kinetics properties analyses revealed that the scCO2 extraction technology was highly dependent on pressure than the temperature for the extraction of the lipids from MSS. The physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid contents of the scCO2 extracted lipids from MSS and sewage sludge biodiesel were determined using a variety of analytical techniques. The physicochemical properties of the sewage sludge biodiesel were compared with the international standard specifications of biodiesel, such as the American Society for Testing and Materials specifications for diesel fuel (ASTM D6751) and European Standard (EN 14214) specifications.
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Gasification Characteristics and Kinetics of Lipid-Extracted Nannochloropsis gaditana. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A thermal behavior study of lipid-extracted Nannochloropsis gaditana (LEA) was performed in a thermogravimetric analyzer. The study was performed by heating the sample under different heating rates (5, 10, and 15 °C/min) from room temperature to 1000 °C using N2 gas as the medium. This is crucial for thermal stability studies in a kinetic control regime. The following three stages of chemical decompositions were found: (1) moisture removal (2) devolatilization (3) fixed carbon decomposition; maximum decomposition was observed at the second stage. Activation energies of the LEA were studied using the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa model and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose model. Main sample decomposition was observed from 100–700 °C during volatile matter evaporation. The thermal behavior study findings were used for the gasification of the sample with air to study the effect of varying reaction parameters on the compositions of the synthesis gas yield. Maximum H2 yield was found at 700 °C and 0.7 g, which were 51.2 mol% and 50.6 mol%, respectively. From the study, it was found that LEA is suitable to be used as feedstock in gasification for synthesis gas production.
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Grubišić M, Šantek B, Zorić Z, Čošić Z, Vrana I, Gašparović B, Čož-Rakovac R, Ivančić Šantek M. Bioprospecting of Microalgae Isolated from the Adriatic Sea: Characterization of Biomass, Pigment, Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition, and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041248. [PMID: 35209036 PMCID: PMC8875609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine microalgae and cyanobacteria are sources of diverse bioactive compounds with potential biotechnological applications in food, feed, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and biofuel industries. In this study, five microalgae, Nitzschia sp. S5, Nanofrustulum shiloi D1, Picochlorum sp. D3, Tetraselmis sp. Z3 and Tetraselmis sp. C6, and the cyanobacterium Euhalothece sp. C1 were isolated from the Adriatic Sea and characterized regarding their growth kinetics, biomass composition and specific products content (fatty acids, pigments, antioxidants, neutral and polar lipids). The strain Picochlorum sp. D3, showing the highest specific growth rate (0.009 h−1), had biomass productivity of 33.98 ± 0.02 mg L−1 day−1. Proteins were the most abundant macromolecule in the biomass (32.83–57.94%, g g−1). Nanofrustulum shiloi D1 contained significant amounts of neutral lipids (68.36%), while the biomass of Picochlorum sp. D3, Tetraselmis sp. Z3, Tetraselmis sp. C6 and Euhalothece sp. C1 was rich in glycolipids and phospholipids (75%). The lipids of all studied microalgae predominantly contained unsaturated fatty acids. Carotenoids were the most abundant pigments with the highest content of lutein and neoxanthin in representatives of Chlorophyta and fucoxanthin in strains belonging to the Bacillariophyta. All microalgal extracts showed antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative E. coli and S. typhimurium and Gram-positive S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Grubišić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.G.); (B.Š.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Č.)
| | - Božidar Šantek
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.G.); (B.Š.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Č.)
| | - Zoran Zorić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.G.); (B.Š.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Č.)
| | - Zrinka Čošić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.G.); (B.Š.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Č.)
| | - Ivna Vrana
- Laboratory for Marine and Atmospheric Biogeochemistry, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.V.); (B.G.)
| | - Blaženka Gašparović
- Laboratory for Marine and Atmospheric Biogeochemistry, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.V.); (B.G.)
| | - Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Center of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting (BioProCro), Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirela Ivančić Šantek
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.G.); (B.Š.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Č.)
- Correspondence:
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Jadhao PR, Vuppaladadiyam AK, Prakash A, Pant KK. Co-pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of electronic waste and macroalgae: A synergy study based on thermogravimetric analysis. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Kassim MA, Ramli SH, Meng TK. Analysis of microalgal growth kinetic model and carbohydrate biosynthesis cultivated using agro-industrial waste residuals as carbon source. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:514-524. [PMID: 34455938 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1969576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Microalgal carbohydrate is considered one of the potential feedstock for biofuel produced via the bioconversion process. However, the current cultivation process using commercial medium exhibited low biomass production and its carbohydrate productivity which become a bottleneck for sustainable microalgal-carbohydrate-based biofuel production. Thus, the objective of this study is to assess the utilization of industrial waste including molasses and glycerol on the Halochlorella rubescens and Tetraselmis suecica growth as well as its carbohydrate content under different cultivation modes such as autotrophic, heterotrophic and photoheterotrophic conditions. From this study, the highest maximum biomass of H. rubenscens and T. suecica of 0.653 ± 0.009 and 0.669 ± 0.01gL-1 were obtained when the cultivation was performed under photoheterotrophic using molasses. High carbohydrate content of H. rubescens and T. seucica of 56.81 ± 0.39% and 71.52 ± 0.03% with glucose represent the dominant sugar was observed under this condition. The growth kinetic model of the analysis indicated that Huang and Gompertz Models described well the growth of H. rubescens and T. suecica under photoheteroptroph condition with a high significant R2 of 0.99. The information generated could be beneficial for the future development of low-cost microalgal cultivation media formulation for future microalgal carbohydrate-based products such as bioethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Asyraf Kassim
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Minden, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hawa Ramli
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Minden, Malaysia
| | - Tan Kean Meng
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Minden, Malaysia
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Ansari FA, Guldhe A, Gupta SK, Rawat I, Bux F. Improving the feasibility of aquaculture feed by using microalgae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:43234-43257. [PMID: 34173144 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aquaculture industry is an efficient edible protein producer and grows faster than any other food sector. Therefore, it requires enormous amounts of fish feed. Fish feed directly affects the quality of produced fish, potential health benefits, and cost. Fish meal (FM), fis oil (FO), and plant-based supplements, predominantly used in fish feed, face challenges of low availability, low nutritional value, and high cost. The cost associated with aquaculture feed represents 40-75% of aquaculture production cost and one of the key market drivers for the thriving aquaculture industry. Microalgae are a primary producer in aquatic food chains. Microalgae are expanding continuously in renewable energy, pharmaceutical pigment, wastewater treatment, food, and feed industries. Major components of microalgal biomass are proteins with essential amino acids, lipids with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), carbohydrates, pigments, and other bioactive compounds. Thus, microalgae can be used as an essential, viable, and alternative feed ingredient in aquaculture feed. In recent times, live algae culture, whole algae, and lipid-extracted algae (LEA) have been tested in fish feed for growth, physiological activity, and nutritional value. The present review discusses the potential application of microalgae in aquaculture feed, its mode of application, nutritional value, and possible replacement of conventional feed ingredients, and disadvantages of plant-based feed. The review also focuses on integrated processes such as algae cultivation in aquaculture wastewater, aquaponics systems, challenges, and future prospects of using microalgae in the aquafeed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Ahmad Ansari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Abhishek Guldhe
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Ismail Rawat
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Faizal Bux
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P O Box1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Presser C, Nazarian A, Ohaion-Raz T, Lerner A, Dubkin H, Dabush B, Danon A, Paz Tal O. Thermochemical behavior of Chlorella sp. and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae: Comparison of laser-driven calorimetry with thermogravimetric analysis. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Villar-Navarro E, Garrido-Pérez C, Perales JA. Recycling "waste" nutrients back into RAS and FTS marine aquaculture facilities from the perspective of the circular economy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143057. [PMID: 33162138 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of use microalgae biotechnology to improve water quality together with the production of biomass to replace fish meal or fish oil in two marine fish farms with different production systems were studied. The samples were taken from a flow-through system (FTS) and a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) with sea bass cultures of 300 g and 120 g, respectively. The most suitable stream for microalgae cultivation was that from RAS as the concentration of N in the microalgae reactor influent should be ≥8 mg TN L-1 to operate at the same hydraulic retention time than the solids retention time, independently of the productivity of the reactor. Tetraselmis chuii were cultured in 18 L bubble column reactors under batch and semi-continuous operation in media that mimic a RAS stream. The results showed that RAS systems enriched with trace metals generate viable streams for microalgae growth with average biomass productivity under semi-continuous operation of 69 mg TSS L-1 d-1. Nutrients concentrations at the end of the experiment under semi-continuous operation were 0.76 mg TDN L-1 and 0.01 mg TDP L-1, similar to those in the make-up water of the RAS. The composition of microalgae biomass obtained shows that it could be optimal as a substitute for fish meal in sea bass feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Villar-Navarro
- Department of Environmental Technologies, INMAR-Marine Research Institute, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Polígono Rio San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real 11510, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Carmen Garrido-Pérez
- Department of Environmental Technologies, INMAR-Marine Research Institute, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Polígono Rio San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real 11510, Cadiz, Spain
| | - José A Perales
- Department of Environmental Technologies, INMAR-Marine Research Institute, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Polígono Rio San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real 11510, Cadiz, Spain
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Viju D, Gautam R, Vinu R. Application of the distributed activation energy model to the kinetic study of pyrolysis of Nannochloropsis oculata. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Soria-Verdugo A, Goos E, García-Hernando N, Riedel U. Analyzing the pyrolysis kinetics of several microalgae species by various differential and integral isoconversional kinetic methods and the Distributed Activation Energy Model. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Wu Z, Yang W, Yang B. Thermal characteristics and surface morphology of char during co-pyrolysis of low-rank coal blended with microalgal biomass: Effects of Nannochloropsis and Chlorella. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:501-509. [PMID: 29078176 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the influence of Nannochloropsis and Chlorella on the thermal behavior and surface morphology of char during the co-pyrolysis process were explored. Thermogravimetric and iso-conversional methods were applied to analyzing the pyrolytic and kinetic characteristics for different mass ratios of microalgae and low-rank coal (0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 1). Fractal theory was used to quantitatively determine the effect of microalgae on the morphological texture of co-pyrolysis char. The result indicated that both the Nannochloropsis and Chlorella promoted the release of volatile from low-rank coal. Different synergistic effects on the thermal parameters and yield of volatile were observed, which could be attributed to the different compositions in the Nannochloropsis and Chlorella and operating condition. The distribution of activation energies shows nonadditive characteristics. Fractal dimensions of the co-pyrolysis char were higher than the individual char, indicating the promotion of disordered degree due to the addition of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Wangcai Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Bolun Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China.
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Chen Z, Lei J, Li Y, Su X, Hu Z, Guo D. Studies on thermokinetic of Chlorella pyrenoidosa devolatilization via different models. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:320-327. [PMID: 28780266 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The thermokinetics of Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CP) devolatilization were investigated based on iso-conversional model and different distributed activation energy models (DAEM). Iso-conversional process result showed that CP devolatilization roughly followed a single-step with mechanism function of f(α)=(1-α)3, and kinetic parameters pair of E0=180.5kJ/mol and A0=1.5E+13s-1. Logistic distribution was the most suitable activation energy distribution function for CP devolatilization. Although reaction order n=3.3 was in accordance with iso-conversional process, Logistic DAEM could not detail the weight loss features since it presented as single-step reaction. The un-uniform feature of activation energy distribution in Miura-Maki DAEM, and weight fraction distribution in discrete DAEM reflected weight loss features. Due to the un-uniform distribution of activation and weight fraction, Miura-Maki DAEM and discreted DAEM could describe weight loss features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Chen
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jianshen Lei
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yunbei Li
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xianfa Su
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dabin Guo
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Ansari FA, Gupta SK, Shriwastav A, Guldhe A, Rawat I, Bux F. Evaluation of various solvent systems for lipid extraction from wet microalgal biomass and its effects on primary metabolites of lipid-extracted biomass. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:15299-15307. [PMID: 28502047 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have tremendous potential to grow rapidly, synthesize, and accumulate lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. The effects of solvent extraction of lipids on other metabolites such as proteins and carbohydrates in lipid-extracted algal (LEA) biomass are crucial aspects of algal biorefinery approach. An effective and economically feasible algae-based oil industry will depend on the selection of suitable solvent/s for lipid extraction, which has minimal effect on metabolites in lipid-extracted algae. In current study, six solvent systems were employed to extract lipids from dry and wet biomass of Scenedesmus obliquus. To explore the biorefinery concept, dichloromethane/methanol (2:1 v/v) was a suitable solvent for dry biomass; it gave 18.75% lipids (dry cell weight) in whole algal biomass, 32.79% proteins, and 24.73% carbohydrates in LEA biomass. In the case of wet biomass, in order to exploit all three metabolites, isopropanol/hexane (2:1 v/v) is an appropriate solvent system which gave 7.8% lipids (dry cell weight) in whole algal biomass, 20.97% proteins, and 22.87% carbohydrates in LEA biomass. Graphical abstract: Lipid extraction from wet microalgal biomass and biorefianry approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Ahmad Ansari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
- Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Amritanshu Shriwastav
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Abhishek Guldhe
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Ismail Rawat
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Faizal Bux
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Kassim MA, Meng TK. Carbon dioxide (CO 2) biofixation by microalgae and its potential for biorefinery and biofuel production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:1121-1129. [PMID: 28169025 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) using biological process is one of the promising approaches for CO2 capture and storage. Recently, biological sequestration using microalgae has gained many interest due to its capability to utilize CO2 as carbon source and biomass produced can be used as a feedstock for other value added product for instance biofuel and chemicals. In this study, the CO2 biofixation by two microalgae species, Chlorella sp. and Tetraselmis suecica was investigated using different elevated CO2 concentration. The effect of CO2 concentration on microalgae growth kinetic, biofixation and its chemical composition were determined using 0.04, 5, 15 and 30% CO2. The variation of initial pH value and its relationship on CO2 concentration toward cultivation medium was also investigated. The present study indicated that both microalgae displayed different tolerance toward CO2 concentration. The maximum biomass production and biofixation for Chlorella sp. of 0.64gL-1 and 96.89mgL-1d-1 was obtained when the cultivation was carried out using 5 and 15% CO2, respectively. In contrast, the maximum biomass production and CO2 biofixation for T. suecica of 0.72gL-1 and 111.26mgL-1d-1 were obtained from cultivation using 15 and 5% CO2. The pH value for the cultivation medium using CO2 was between 7.5 and 9, which is favorable for microalgal growth. The potential of biomass obtained from the cultivation as a biorefinery feedstock was also evaluated. An anaerobic fermentation of the microalgae biomass by bacteria Clostridium saccharoperbutylacenaticum N1-4 produced various type of value added product such as organic acid and solvent. Approximately 0.27 and 0.90gL-1 of organic acid, which corresponding to acetic and butyric acid were produced from the fermentation of Chlorella sp. and T. suecica biomass. Overall, this study suggests that Chlorella sp. and T. suecica are efficient microorganism that can be used for CO2 biofixation and as a feedstock for chemical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Asyraf Kassim
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Tan Keang Meng
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia
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Potential Applications of Nanotechnology in Thermochemical Conversion of Microalgal Biomass. NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOENERGY AND BIOFUEL PRODUCTION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45459-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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