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Llanos-Rivera A, Álvarez-Muñoz K, Astuya-Villalón A, López-Rosales L, García-Camacho F, Sánchez-Mirón A, Krock B, Gallardo-Rodríguez JJ. Sublethal effect of the toxic dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum on early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:27113-27124. [PMID: 36378374 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dinoflagellates of the genus Karlodinium are ichthyotoxic species that produce toxins including karlotoxins and karmitoxins. Karlotoxins show hemolytic and cytotoxic activities and have been associated with fish mortality. This study evaluated the effect of toxins released into the environment of Karlodinium veneficum strain K10 (Ebro Delta, NW Mediterranean) on the early stages of Danio rerio (zebrafish). Extracts of the supernatant of K10 contained the mono-sulfated KmTx-10, KmTx-11, KmTx-12, KmTx-13, and a di-sulfated form of KmTx-10. Total egg mortality was observed for karlotoxin concentration higher than 2.69 μg L-1. For 1.35 μg L-1, 87% of development anomalies were evidenced (all concentrations were expressed as KmTx-2 equivalent). Larvae of 8 days postfertilization exposed to 1.35 µg L-1 presented epithelial damage with 80% of cells in the early apoptotic stage. Our results indicate that supernatants with low concentration of KmTxs produce both lethal and sublethal effects in early fish stages. Moreover, apoptosis was induced at concentrations as low as 0.01 μg L-1. This is of great relevance since detrimental long-term effects due to exposure to low concentrations of these substances could affect wild and cultured fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Llanos-Rivera
- Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Katia Álvarez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Allisson Astuya-Villalón
- Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Programa Sur Austral, Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas en El Pacífico Sur-Oriental (COPAS Sur-Austral), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Y Oceanográficas, Departamento de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Bernd Krock
- Alfred Wegener Institut-Helmholtz Zentrum Für Polar- Und Meeresforschung, Chemische Ökologie, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Juan José Gallardo-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
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Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Light Colimitation on Amphidinol Production and Growth in the Marine Dinoflagellate Microalga Amphidinium carterae. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14090594. [PMID: 36136532 PMCID: PMC9504147 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine dinoflagellate microalga Amphidinium carterae is a source of amphidinols, a fascinating group of polyketide metabolites potentially useful in drug design. However, Amphidinium carterae grows slowly and produces these toxins in tiny amounts, representing a hurdle for large-scale production. Understanding dinoflagellate growth kinetics under different photobioreactor conditions is imperative for promoting the successful implementation of a full-scale integrated bioproduct production system. This study evaluates the feasibility of growing Amphidinium carterae under different ranges of nitrogen concentration (NO3− = 882–2646 µM), phosphorus concentration (PO33− = 181–529 µM), and light intensity (Y0 = 286–573 µE m−2 s−1) to produce amphidinols. A mathematical colimitation kinetic model based on the “cell quota” concept is developed to predict both algal growth and nutrient drawdown, assuming that all three variables (nitrogen, phosphorous and light) can simultaneously colimit microalgal growth. The model was applied to the semicontinuous culture of the marine microalgae Amphidinium carterae in an indoor LED-lit raceway photobioreactor. The results show that both growth and amphidinol production strongly depend on nutrient concentrations and light intensity. Nonetheless, it was possible to increase Amphidinium carterae growth while simultaneously promoting the overproduction of amphidinols. The proposed model adequately describes Amphidinium carterae growth, nitrate and phosphate concentrations, and intracellular nitrogen and phosphorus storage, and has therefore the potential to be extended to other systems used in dinoflagellate cultivation and the production of bioproducts obtained therein.
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Chi G, Xu Y, Cao X, Li Z, Cao M, Chisti Y, He N. Production of polyunsaturated fatty acids by Schizochytrium (Aurantiochytrium) spp. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 55:107897. [PMID: 34974158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diverse health benefits are associated with dietary consumption of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LC-PUFA), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Traditionally, these fatty acids have been obtained from fish oil, but limited supply, variably quality, and an inability to sustainably increase production for a rapidly growing market, are driving the quest for alternative sources. DHA derived from certain marine protists (heterotrophic thraustochytrids) already has an established history of commercial production for high-value dietary use, but is too expensive for use in aquaculture feeds, a much larger potential market for ω-3 LC-PUFA. Sustainable expansion of aquaculture is prevented by its current dependence on wild-caught fish oil as the source of ω-3 LC-PUFA nutrients required in the diet of aquacultured animals. Although several thraustochytrids have been shown to produce DHA and EPA, there is a particular interest in Schizochytrium spp. (now Aurantiochytrium spp.), as some of the better producers. The need for larger scale production has resulted in development of many strategies for improving productivity and production economics of ω-3 PUFA in Schizochytrium spp. Developments in fermentation technology and metabolic engineering for enhancing LC-PUFA production in Schizochytrium spp. are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiang Chi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yiyuan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xingyu Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Mingfeng Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- School of Engineering, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Ning He
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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4
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Assunção J, Amaro HM, Lopes G, Tavares T, Malcata FX, Guedes AC. Karlodinium veneficum: Growth optimization, metabolite characterization and biotechnological potential survey. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:2844-2858. [PMID: 34865282 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THIS STUDY The major aim of this work was to consistently optimize the production of biomass of the dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum and evaluate its extracts biotechnological potential application towards food, nutraceutical or/and pharmaceutical industries. METHODS AND RESULTS A successful approach of biomass production of K. veneficum CCMP 2936 was optimized along with the chemical characterization of its metabolite profile. Several temperatures (12, 16, 20, 25, 30°C), L1 nutrient concentrations (0.5×, 2×, 2.5×, 3×) and NaCl concentrations (20, 25, 30, 40 g L-1 ) were tested. The growth rate was maximum at 16°C, 2× nutrient concentration and 40 g L-1 of NaCl; hence, these conditions were chosen for bulk production of biomass. Methanolic extracts were prepared, and pigments, lipids and phenolic compounds were assessed; complemented by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities, and cytotoxicity. Fucoxanthin and derivatives accounted for 0.06% of dry weight, and up to 60% (w/w) of all quantified metabolites were lipids. Said extracts displayed high antioxidant capacity, as towards assessed via the NO•- and ABTS•+ assays (IC50 = 109.09 ± 6.73 and 266.46 ± 2.25 µgE ml-1 , respectively), unlike observed via the O2 •- assay (IC25 reaching 56.06 ± 5.56 µgE ml-1 ). No signs of cytotoxicity were observed. CONCLUSIONS Karlodinium veneficum biomass production was consistently optimized in terms of temperature, L1 nutrient concentrations and NaCl concentration. In addition, this strain appears promising for eventual biotechnological exploitation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This work provides fundamental insights about the growth and potential of value-added compounds of dinoflagellate K. veneficum. Dinoflagellates, as K. veneficum are poorly studied regarding its biomass production and added-value compounds for potential biotechnological exploitation. These organisms are difficult to maintain and grow in the laboratory. Thus, any fundamental contribution is relevant to share with the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Assunção
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Novo Edíficio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena M Amaro
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Novo Edíficio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Graciliana Lopes
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Novo Edíficio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,FCUP, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia Tavares
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Xavier Malcata
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,FEUP - Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Catarina Guedes
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Novo Edíficio do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
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López-Rodríguez M, Cerón-García MC, López-Rosales L, Navarro-López E, Sánchez Mirón A, Molina-Miras A, Abreu AC, Fernández I, García-Camacho F. An integrated approach for the efficient separation of specialty compounds from biomass of the marine microalgae Amphidinium carterae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:125922. [PMID: 34547712 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An amphidinol-prioritized fractioning approach was for the first time developed to isolate multiple specialty metabolites such as amphidinols, carotenoids and fatty acids using the biomass of the marine microalgae Amphidinium carterae. The biomass was produced in a raceway photobioreactor and the exhausted culture media were reused, thus fulfilling sustainability criteria employing a circular economy concept. The integrated bioactive compounds-targeted approach presented here consisted of four steps with which recovery percentages of carotenoids, fatty acids and amphidinols of 97%, 82% and 99 %, respectively, were achieved. The proposed process was proved to be a better extraction system for this microalga than another based on a sequential gradient partition with water and four water-immiscible organic solvents (hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane and n-butanol). The proposed process could be scaled-up as a commercial solid-phase extraction technology well-established for industrial bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M López-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - M C Cerón-García
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - L López-Rosales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - E Navarro-López
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - A Sánchez Mirón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - A Molina-Miras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - A C Abreu
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - F García-Camacho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain; Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain.
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López-Rodríguez M, Cerón-García MC, López-Rosales L, Navarro-López E, Sánchez-Mirón A, Molina-Miras A, Abreu AC, Fernández I, García-Camacho F. Improved extraction of bioactive compounds from biomass of the marine dinoflagellate microalga Amphidinium carterae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123518. [PMID: 32512427 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The extraction of three families of compounds (carotenoids, fatty acids and amphidinols) from the biomass of two strains of Amphidinium carterae (ACRN03 and Dn241EHU) was improved by tuning cell disruption and solvent extraction operations. The extraction of carotenoids was evaluated using alkaline saponification (0%-60% KOH d.w.) at different temperatures (25-80 °C). High levels of carotenoids were obtained at 60 °C using freeze-dried biomass, not subjected to cell disruption methods. The ACRN03 strain required 20% KOH whereas the Dn241EHU strain did not require saponification since carotenoid degradation was observed. The extraction efficiencies were determined with a wide range of pure solvents and mixtures thereof. Two empirical non-linear equations were used to correlate extraction percentages for each family of compounds with the Hildebrand solubility parameter (δT) and the polarity index of the solvents (PI). Thresholds of δT and PI of around 20 MPa1/2 and 6, respectively, were determined for the extraction of amphidinols, consistent with antiproliferative activity measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M López-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M C Cerón-García
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - L López-Rosales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - E Navarro-López
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-Mirón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Molina-Miras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A C Abreu
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - F García-Camacho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
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Liyanaarachchi VC, Nishshanka GKSH, Nimarshana PHV, Ariyadasa TU, Attalage RA. Development of an artificial neural network model to simulate the growth of microalga Chlorella vulgaris incorporating the effect of micronutrients. J Biotechnol 2020; 312:44-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Molina-Miras A, López-Rosales L, Cerón-García M, Sánchez-Mirón A, García-Camacho F, Contreras-Gómez A, Molina-Grima E. A new approach to finding optimal centrifugation conditions for shear-sensitive microalgae. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Abreu AC, Molina-Miras A, Aguilera-Sáez LM, López-Rosales L, Cerón-García MDC, Sánchez-Mirón A, Olmo-García L, Carrasco-Pancorbo A, García-Camacho F, Molina-Grima E, Fernández I. Production of Amphidinols and Other Bioproducts of Interest by the Marine Microalga Amphidinium carterae Unraveled by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Approach Coupled to Multivariate Data Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9667-9682. [PMID: 31415166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the feasibility of an NMR metabolomics approach coupled to multivariate data analysis to monitor the naturally present or stresses-elicited metabolites from a long-term (>170 days) culture of the dinoflagellate marine microalgae Amphidinium carterae grown in a fiberglass paddlewheel-driven raceway photobioreactor. Metabolic contents, in particular, in two members of the amphidinol family, amphidinol A and its 7-sulfate derivative amphidinol B (referred as APDs), and other compounds of interest (fatty acids, carotenoids, oxylipins, etc.) were evaluated by altering concentration levels of the f/2 medium nutrients and daily mean irradiance. Operating with a 24 h sinusoidal light cycle allowed a 3-fold increase in APD production, which was also detected by an increase in hemolytic activity of the methanolic extract of A. carterae biomass. The presence of APDs was consistent with the antitumoral activity measured in the methanolic extracts of the biomass. Increased daily irradiance was accompanied by a general decrease in pigments and an increase in SFAs (saturated fatty acids), MUFAs (monounsaturated fatty acids), and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), while increased nutrient availability lead to an increase in sugar, amino acid, and PUFA ω-3 contents and pigments and a decrease in SFAs and MUFAs. NMR-based metabolomics is shown to be a fast and suitable method to accompany the production of APD and bioactive compounds without the need of tedious isolation methods and bioassays. The two APD compounds were chemically identified by spectroscopic NMR and spectrometric ESI-IT MS (electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry) and ESI-TOF MS (ESI time-of-flight mass spectrometry) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Abreu
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , Ctra. Sacramento, s/n , 04120 Almería , Spain
| | - Alejandro Molina-Miras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , 04120 Almería , Spain
| | - Luis M Aguilera-Sáez
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , Ctra. Sacramento, s/n , 04120 Almería , Spain
| | - Lorenzo López-Rosales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , 04120 Almería , Spain
| | | | - Asterio Sánchez-Mirón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , 04120 Almería , Spain
| | - Lucía Olmo-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Granada , Ave. Fuentenueva s/n , 18071 Granada , Spain
| | - Alegría Carrasco-Pancorbo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Granada , Ave. Fuentenueva s/n , 18071 Granada , Spain
| | - Francisco García-Camacho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , 04120 Almería , Spain
| | - Emilio Molina-Grima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , 04120 Almería , Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , Ctra. Sacramento, s/n , 04120 Almería , Spain
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10
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López-Rodríguez M, Cerón-García MC, López-Rosales L, González-López CV, Molina-Miras A, Ramírez-González A, Sánchez-Mirón A, García-Camacho F, Molina-Grima E. Assessment of multi-step processes for an integral use of the biomass of the marine microalga Amphidinium carterae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 282:370-377. [PMID: 30884456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable dinoflagellate microalgae-based bioprocess designed to produce secondary metabolites (SMs) with interesting bioactivities are attracting increasing attention. However, dinoflagellates also produce other valuable bioproducts (e.g polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, etc.) that could be recovered and should therefore be taken into account in the bioprocess. In this study, biomass of the marine dinoflagellate microalga Amphidinium carterae was used to assess and optimise three different methods in order to obtain three families of high-value biochemical compounds present in the biomass. The existing processes encompassed a multi-step extraction process for carotenoids, fatty acids and APDs individually and are optimized for the integral valorization of raw A. carterae biomass, with SMs being the primary target compounds. Total process recovery yields were 97% for carotenoids, 80% for total fatty acids and 100% for an extract rich in APDs (not purified).
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Affiliation(s)
- M López-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M C Cerón-García
- Department of Chemical Engineering and CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - L López-Rosales
- Department of Chemical Engineering and CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - C V González-López
- Department of Chemical Engineering and CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Molina-Miras
- Department of Chemical Engineering and CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Ramírez-González
- Department of Chemical Engineering and CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-Mirón
- Department of Chemical Engineering and CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - F García-Camacho
- Department of Chemical Engineering and CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - E Molina-Grima
- Department of Chemical Engineering and CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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11
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Cea‐Barcia G, López‐Caamal F, Torres‐Zúñiga I, Hernández‐Escoto H. Biogas purification via optimal microalgae growth: A literature review. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:1513-1532. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Glenda Cea‐Barcia
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales., División de Ciencias de la Vida del campus Irapuato‐SalamancaUniversidad de Guanajuato Irapuato Mexico
| | - Fernando López‐Caamal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas del campus Guanajuato.Universidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato Mexico
| | - Ixbalank Torres‐Zúñiga
- C. A. Telemática, Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica., División de Ingenierías del campus Irapuato‐SalamancaUniversidad de Guanajuato Salamanca Mexico
| | - Héctor Hernández‐Escoto
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas del campus Guanajuato.Universidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato Mexico
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12
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A pilot-scale bioprocess to produce amphidinols from the marine microalga Amphidinium carterae: Isolation of a novel analogue. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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López-Rosales L, Sánchez-Mirón A, García-Camacho F, Place AR, Chisti Y, Molina-Grima E. Pilot-scale outdoor photobioreactor culture of the marine dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum: Production of a karlotoxins-rich extract. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 253:94-104. [PMID: 29331827 PMCID: PMC6446550 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale bioprocess was developed for the production of karlotoxin-enriched extracts of the marine algal dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum. A bubble column and a flat-panel photobioreactors (80-281 L) were used for comparative assessment of growth. Flow hydrodynamics and energy dissipation rates (EDR) in the bioreactors were characterized through robust computational fluid dynamic simulations. All cultures were conducted monoseptically outdoors. Bubble column (maximum cell productivity in semicontinuous operation of 58 × 103 cell mL-1 day-1) proved to be a better culture system for this alga. In both reactors, the local EDR near the headspace, and in the sparger zone, were more than one order of magnitude higher than the average value in the whole reactor (=4 × 10-3 W kg-1). Extraction of the culture and further purification resulted in the desired KTXs extracts. Apparently, the alga produced three congeners KTXs: KmTx-10 and its sulfated derivative (sulfo-KmTx-10) and KmTx-12. All congeners possessed hemolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L López-Rosales
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-Mirón
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - F García-Camacho
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A R Place
- Institute of Marine & Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- School of Engineering, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - E Molina-Grima
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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Assunção J, Guedes AC, Malcata FX. Biotechnological and Pharmacological Applications of Biotoxins and Other Bioactive Molecules from Dinoflagellates. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E393. [PMID: 29261163 PMCID: PMC5742853 DOI: 10.3390/md15120393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-lasting interest in bioactive molecules (namely toxins) produced by (microalga) dinoflagellates has risen in recent years. Exhibiting wide diversity and complexity, said compounds are well-recognized for their biological features, with great potential for use as pharmaceutical therapies and biological research probes. Unfortunately, provision of those compounds is still far from sufficient, especially in view of an increasing demand for preclinical testing. Despite the difficulties to establish dinoflagellate cultures and obtain reasonable productivities of such compounds, intensive research has permitted a number of advances in the field. This paper accordingly reviews the characteristics of some of the most important biotoxins (and other bioactive substances) produced by dinoflagellates. It also presents and discusses (to some length) the main advances pertaining to dinoflagellate production, from bench to large scale-with an emphasis on material published since the latest review available on the subject. Such advances encompass improvements in nutrient formulation and light supply as major operational conditions; they have permitted adaptation of classical designs, and aided the development of novel configurations for dinoflagellate growth-even though shearing-related issues remain a major challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Assunção
- LEPABE-Laboratory of Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, P-4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - A Catarina Guedes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, P-4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - F Xavier Malcata
- LEPABE-Laboratory of Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, P-4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, P-4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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Gour RS, Bairagi M, Garlapati VK, Kant A. Enhanced microalgal lipid production with media engineering of potassium nitrate as a nitrogen source. Bioengineered 2017; 9:98-107. [PMID: 28471319 PMCID: PMC5972933 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2017.1316440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Algal biofuels are far from a commercial reality due to the technical challenges associated with their growth and lipid extraction procedures. In this study, we investigated the effect of 4 different media and 5 different nitrogen sources at 5 levels on the growth, biomass and lipid productivity of Scenedesmus sp and Chlorella sp The hypothesis was that a nitrogen source can be identified that provides enough stress to accumulate lipids without compromising significantly on biomass and lipid productivity. A maximum specific growth rate and doubling per day have been observed with algal species using modified BG-11 medium. Among the tested nitrogen sources, 2.5 mM potassium nitrate as a nitrogen constituent of modified BG-11 medium resulted in higher lipid content and productivity in the case of S. dimorphus (29.15%, 15.449 mg L-1day-1). Another noteworthy outcome of the present study lies in the usage of a smaller amount of the nitrogen source, i.e., 2.5 mM, which is found to be 7 times less than the standard BG11 media (17.60 mM sodium nitrate).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Singh Gour
- a Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics , Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat , HP , India
| | - Madhusudan Bairagi
- a Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics , Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat , HP , India
| | - Vijay Kumar Garlapati
- a Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics , Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat , HP , India
| | - Anil Kant
- a Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics , Jaypee University of Information Technology , Waknaghat , HP , India
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López-Rosales L, García-Camacho F, Sánchez-Mirón A, Martín Beato E, Chisti Y, Molina Grima E. Pilot-scale bubble column photobioreactor culture of a marine dinoflagellate microalga illuminated with light emission diodes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:845-855. [PMID: 27318163 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Production of biomass of the shear-sensitive marine algal dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum was successfully scaled-up to 80L using a bubble column photobioreactor. The scale factor exceeded 28,500. Light-emission diodes were used as the light source. The diel irradiance profile mimicked the outdoor profile of natural sunlight. The final cell concentration in the absence of nutrient limitation in the scaled-up photobioreactor was nearly 12×10(5)cellsmL(-1), or the same as in laboratory culture systems. The pH-controlled culture (pH=8.5) was always carbon-sufficient. The culture was mixed pneumatically by using a superficial air velocity of 1.9×10(-3)ms(-1) and the temperature was controlled at 21±1°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- L López-Rosales
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - F García-Camacho
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - A Sánchez-Mirón
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - E Martín Beato
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- School of Engineering, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - E Molina Grima
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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García-Camacho F, López-Rosales L, Sánchez-Mirón A, Belarbi E, Chisti Y, Molina-Grima E. Artificial neural network modeling for predicting the growth of the microalga Karlodinium veneficum. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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López-Rosales L, García-Camacho F, Sánchez-Mirón A, Contreras-Gómez A, Molina-Grima E. An optimisation approach for culturing shear-sensitive dinoflagellate microalgae in bench-scale bubble column photobioreactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 197:375-382. [PMID: 26348285 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum was grown in bubble column photobioreactors and a genetic algorithm-based stochastic search strategy used to find optimal values for the culture parameters gas flow rate, culture height, and nozzle sparger diameter. Cell production, concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), membrane fluidity and photosynthetic efficiency were studied throughout the culture period. Gas-flow rates below 0.26Lmin(-1), culture heights over 1.25m and a nozzle diameter of 1.5mm were found to provide the optimal conditions for cell growth, with an increase of 60% in cell production with respect to the control culture. Non-optimal conditions produced a sufficiently high shear stress to negatively affect cell growth and even produce cell death. Cell physiology was also severely affected in stressed cultures. The production of ROS increased by up to 200%, whereas cell membrane fluidity decreased by 60% relative to control cultures. Photosynthetic efficiency decreased concomitantly with membrane fluidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L López-Rosales
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - F García-Camacho
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-Mirón
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Contreras-Gómez
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - E Molina-Grima
- Chemical Engineering Area, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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