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Chen H, Huang X, Chen H, Zhang S, Fan C, Fu T, He T, Gao Z. Effect of silicon spraying on rice photosynthesis and antioxidant defense system on cadmium accumulation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15265. [PMID: 38961133 PMCID: PMC11222525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a serious threat to food safety and human health. Minimizing Cd uptake and enhancing Cd tolerance in plants are vital to improve crop yield and reduce hazardous effects to humans. In this study, we designed three Cd concentration stress treatments (Cd1: 0.20 mg·kg-1, Cd2: 0.60 mg·kg-1, and Cd3: 1.60 mg·kg-1) and two foliar silicon (Si) treatments (CK: no spraying of any material, and Si: foliar Si spraying) to conduct pot experiments on soil Cd stress. The results showed that spraying Si on the leaves reduced the Cd content in brown rice by 4.79-42.14%. Si application increased net photosynthetic rate (Pn) by 1.77-4.08%, stomatal conductance (Gs) by 5.27-23.43%, transpiration rate (Tr) by 2.99-20.50% and intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration (Ci) by 6.55-8.84%. Foliar spraying of Si significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in rice leaves by 9.84-14.09% and 4.69-53.09%, respectively, and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) by 7.83-48.72%. In summary, foliar Si spraying protects the photosynthesis and antioxidant system of rice canopy leaves, and is an effective method to reduce the Cd content in brown rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Chen
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyun Huang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Song Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chengwu Fan
- Soil Fertilizer Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Tianling Fu
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Tengbing He
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhenran Gao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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2
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Melo Rocha MA, Clemente A, Amorim Santos A, da Silva Melo J, J Pestana C, A Lawton L, Capelo-Neto J. In situ H 2O 2 treatment of blue-green algae contaminated reservoirs causes significant improvement in drinking water treatability. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138895. [PMID: 37187381 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of water quality improvement brought about by in situ treatment of eutrophic water bodies, especially those used for human supply is a challenging task since each water system responds differently. To overcome this challenge, we applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to understand the effects of using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on eutrophic water used as a drinking water supply. This analysis was used to identify the main factors that described the water treatability after exposing blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) contaminated raw water to H2O2 at both 5 and 10 mg L-1. Cyanobacterial chlorophyll-a was undetectable following the application of both concentrations of H2O2 after four days, while not causing relevant changes to green algae and diatoms chlorophyll-a concentrations. EFA demonstrated that the main factors affected by both H2O2 concentrations were turbidity, pH, and cyanobacterial chlorophyll-a concentration, which are important variables for a drinking water treatment plant. The H2O2 caused significant improvement in water treatability by decreasing those three variables. Finally, the use of EFA was demonstrated to be a promising tool in identifying which limnological variables are most relevant concerning the efficacy of water treatment, which in turn can make water quality monitoring more efficient and less costly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allan Clemente
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Allan Amorim Santos
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessica da Silva Melo
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Carlos J Pestana
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Linda A Lawton
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - José Capelo-Neto
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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3
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Addesso R, Baldantoni D, Cubero B, De La Rosa JM, González Pérez JA, Tiago I, Caldeira AT, De Waele J, Miller AZ. A multidisciplinary approach to the comparison of three contrasting treatments on both lampenflora community and underlying rock surface. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:204-217. [PMID: 37092276 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2202314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Removing lampenflora, phototrophic organisms developing on rock surfaces in tourist cavities due to the artificial lighting, is a challenge for sustainable and appropriate long-term management of caves. Photosynthetic-based biofilms usually cause rock biodeterioration and an ecological imbalance in cave ecosystems. In this work, a detailed investigation of the effects of the 3 most commonly used lampenflora cleaning operations (NaClO, H2O2 and UVC) was carried out in Pertosa-Auletta Cave (Italy). The application of NaClO showed good disinfection capability over extended periods of time without causing any appreciable rock deterioration. The H2O2 treatment showed to be corrosive for the rock surfaces covered with vermiculation deposits. The chemical alteration of organic and inorganic compounds by H2O2 did not remove biomass, favoring biofilm recovery after three months of treatment. Both NaClO and H2O2 treatments were effective at removing photoautotrophs, although the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes as well as Apicomplexa and Cercozoa among the Eukaryotes, were found to be resistant to these treatments. The UVC treatments did not show any noticeable effect on the biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosangela Addesso
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Daniela Baldantoni
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Beatriz Cubero
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, IRNAS-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Maria De La Rosa
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, IRNAS-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Igor Tiago
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Jo De Waele
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ana Z Miller
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, IRNAS-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
- HERCULES Laboratory, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
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Djebaili R, Mignini A, Vaccarelli I, Pellegrini M, Spera DM, Del Gallo M, D’Alessandro AM. Polyhydroxybutyrate-producing cyanobacteria from lampenflora: The case study of the “Stiffe” caves in Italy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:933398. [PMID: 35966678 PMCID: PMC9366245 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.933398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate the green formation lampenflora of “Stiffe” caves in order to evaluate their suitability as an isolation source of cyanobacteria useful for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). The cave system was chosen as the sampling site due to its touristic use and the presence of high-impact illuminations. The biofilms and the mats of the illuminated walls were sampled. Samples were investigated by 16S rRNA gene analysis and culturable cyanobacteria isolation. The isolated strains were then screened for the production of PHAs under typical culturing and nutritional starvation. Cultures were checked for PHA accumulation, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) presence (infrared spectroscopy), and pigment production. The 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. Highlighted a considerable extent of the pressure exerted by anthropogenic activities. However, the isolation yielded eleven cyanobacteria isolates with good PHA (mainly PHB)-producing abilities and interesting pigment production rates (chlorophyll a and carotenoids). Under normal conditions (BG110), the accumulation abilities ranged from 266 to 1,152 ng mg dry biomass–1. The optimization of bioprocesses through nutritional starvation resulted in a 2.5-fold increase. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies established the occurrence of PHB within PHAs extracted by cyanobacteria isolates. The comparison of results with standard strains underlined good production rates. For C2 and C8 strains, PHA accumulation rates under starvation were higher than Azospirillum brasilense and similar to Synechocystis cf. salina 192. This study broadened the knowledge of the microbial communities of mats and biofilms on the lightened walls of the caves. These findings suggested that these structures, which are common in tourist caves, could be used to isolate valuable strains before remediation measures are adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihab Djebaili
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Amedeo Mignini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Ilaria Vaccarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Marika Pellegrini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marika Pellegrini,
| | | | - Maddalena Del Gallo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Maria D’Alessandro
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- Anna Maria D’Alessandro,
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Muñoz-Fernández J, Del Rosal Y, Álvarez-Gómez F, Hernández-Mariné M, Guzmán-Sepúlveda R, Korbee N, Figueroa FL. Selection of LED lighting systems for the reduction of the biodeterioration of speleothems induced by photosynthetic biofilms in the Nerja Cave (Malaga, Spain). JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 217:112155. [PMID: 33640830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Electrical lighting favours the development of photosynthetic biofilms in caves which can induce biodeterioration in the colonized substrates. The use of specific lights as a limiting factor for biofilm growth could be effective in their control and represents an alternative to chemical methods since they can damage the substrate. However, studies about lighting and the photosynthetic activity of organisms in caves are scarce. In order to select the most effective LED light source in reducing photosynthesis and therefore, in reducing the growth rates of microalgae and cyanobacteria, four biofilms in the Nerja Cave were illuminated by several light emitted diodes (LEDs) with different spectral compositions and the photobiological responses were measured both by empirical and theoretical methodologies. The empirical approach was based on the photosynthetic efficiency, by measuring the in vivo chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence and the theoretical approach was based on the photonic assimilation performance related to the proportion of the light quality used for photosynthesis, according to the action spectra for photosynthesis available in the literature. The photobiological responses showed differences between the empirical and theoretical approach mainly in biofilms dominated by cyanobacteria and red algae, probably because the available action spectra were not useful for monitoring these Nerja Cave biofilms. However, the expected spectral responses of photosynthesis were observed in green microalgal biofilms with maximum photosynthetic efficiency in red and blue light although the green light was also unexpectedly high. The high photosynthetic efficiency in green light could be explained by the predictable high chlorophyll content due to a very dark environment. The results were not conclusive enough for all the biofilm types to be able to recommend a specific lighting system for the photocontrol of biofilm expansion. Therefore, new action spectra for photosynthesis of the extremophile organisms of the Nerja Cave are required. This approach, based on theoretical and empirical methodologies, is a useful tool to obtain information to allow the design of the most adequate lighting systems to reduce photosynthetic activity and favour the conservation of the caves.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Muñoz-Fernández
- Malaga University, Institute of Biotechnology and Blue Development (IBYDA), Department of Ecology and Geology, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Y Del Rosal
- Nerja Cave Foundation, Research Institute, Carretera de Maro s/n, 29787 Nerja, Málaga, Spain
| | - F Álvarez-Gómez
- Malaga University, Institute of Biotechnology and Blue Development (IBYDA), Department of Ecology and Geology, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - M Hernández-Mariné
- Barcelona University, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Guzmán-Sepúlveda
- Malaga University, Department of Graphic Expression, Design and Project, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - N Korbee
- Malaga University, Institute of Biotechnology and Blue Development (IBYDA), Department of Ecology and Geology, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - F L Figueroa
- Malaga University, Institute of Biotechnology and Blue Development (IBYDA), Department of Ecology and Geology, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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Liñán C, Ojeda L, Benavente J, Del Rosal Y, Vadillo I, Carrasco F. Coupling air temperature records and gravimetric data to interpret ventilation patterns in a Mediterranean karstic system (Nerja-Pintada caves, southern Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:139147. [PMID: 32417530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microclimate and geophysical studies are commonly applied to the characterization of karst systems although they are usually used separately. The main purpose of this manuscript is to show how the analysis of the data from both these research methods is a useful tool in the characterization of karst systems and we present the analysis of a specific case study: the Nerja- Pintada caves system. The joint analysis of the Nerja Cave and external air data (mainly temperatures) and the pre-existing gravimetric data of its surroundings (residual gravity anomaly map) have allowed us: 1) to postulate the existence of an unknown great cavity located near to the Nerja Cave and with direct influence in its ventilation and 2) to propose a new model of the Nerja-Pintada caves ventilation based on the changing connection between a "main cavity" system (Nerja Cave), with basically a transmissive function of airflows and an "annex cavities" sub-system, with different functioning as far as the airflow is concerned: transmissive in the case of Pintada Cave and capacitive in the case of the geophysically-located cave.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Liñán
- Research Institute, Nerja Cave Foundation, Carretera de Maro, s/n, 29787, Nerja, Málaga, Spain; Centre of Hydrogeology of University of Malaga, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
| | - L Ojeda
- Centre of Hydrogeology of University of Malaga, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
| | - J Benavente
- Department of Geodynamics, Faculty of Sciences and Water Research Institute, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Y Del Rosal
- Research Institute, Nerja Cave Foundation, Carretera de Maro, s/n, 29787, Nerja, Málaga, Spain.
| | - I Vadillo
- Centre of Hydrogeology of University of Malaga, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
| | - F Carrasco
- Centre of Hydrogeology of University of Malaga, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
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Figueroa FL, Celis-Plá PS, Martínez B, Korbee N, Trilla A, Arenas F. Yield losses and electron transport rate as indicators of thermal stress in Fucus serratus (Ochrophyta). ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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