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Liakh I, Harshkova D, Hrouzek P, Bišová K, Aksmann A, Wielgomas B. Green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can effectively remove diclofenac from the water environment - A new perspective on biotransformation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131570. [PMID: 37163898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of unicellular algae to remove xenobiotics (including drugs) from wastewaters is one of the rapidly developing areas of environmental protection. Numerous data indicate that for efficient phycoremediation three processes are important, i.e. biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation. Although biosorption and bioaccumulation do not raise any serious doubts, biotransformation is more problematic since its products can be potentially more toxic than the parent compounds posing a threat to organisms living in a given environment, including organisms that made this transformation. Thus, two questions need to be answered before the proper algae strain is chosen for phycoremediation, namely what metabolites are produced during biotransformation, and how resistant is the analyzed strain to a mixture of parent compound and metabolites that appear over the course of culture? In this work, we evaluated the remediation potential of the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in relation to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), as exemplified by diclofenac. To achieve this, we analysed the susceptibility of C. reinhardtii to diclofenac as well as its capability to biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation of the drug. We have found that even at a relatively high concentration of diclofenac the algae maintained their vitality and were able to remove (37.7%) DCF from the environment. A wide range of phase I and II metabolites of diclofenac (38 transformation products) was discovered, with many of them characteristic rather for animal and bacterial biochemical pathways than for plant metabolism. Due to such a large number of detected products, 18 of which were not previously reported, the proposed scheme of diclofenac transformation by C. reinhardtii not only significantly contributes to broadening the knowledge in this field, but also allows to suggest possible pathways of degradation of xenobiotics with a similar structure. It is worth pointing out that a decrease in the level of diclofenac in the media observed in this study cannot be fully explained by biotransformation (8.4%). The mass balance analysis indicates that other processes (total 22%), such as biosorption, a non-extractable residue formation, or complete decomposition in metabolic cycles can be involved in the diclofenac disappearance, and those findings open the prospects of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Liakh
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Darya Harshkova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Pavel Hrouzek
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Bišová
- Laboratory of Cell Cycles of Algae, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Aksmann
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Wielgomas
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
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Huang B, Qu G, He Y, Zhang J, Fan J, Tang T. Study on high-CO 2 tolerant Dunaliella salina and its mechanism via transcriptomic analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1086357. [PMID: 36532596 PMCID: PMC9751823 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1086357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae has been regarded as a promising method for reducing CO2 emission. High CO2 concentration generally inhibits algal growth, and previous studies have mostly focused on breeding freshwater algae with high CO2 tolerance. In this study, one marine algal strain Dunaliella salina (D. salina) was grown under 0.03%-30 % CO2 and 3% NaCl conditions, and was evaluated to determine its potential for CO2 assimilation. The results showed that D. salina could tolerate 30% CO2 , and its maximum biomass concentration could reach 1.13 g·L-1 after 8 days incubation, which was 1.85 times higher than that of incubation in air (0.03%). The phenomenon of high-CO2 tolerance in D. salina culture was discussed basing on transcriptome analysis. The results showed that D. salina was subjected to oxidative stress under 30% CO2 conditions, and the majority genes involving in antioxidant system, such as SOD, CAT, and APX genes were up-regulated to scavenge ROS. In addition, most of the key enzyme genes related to photosynthesis, carbon fixation and metabolism were up-regulated, which are consistent with the higher physiological and biochemical values for D. salina incubation under 30% CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- CAS Key Lab of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaopin Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulong He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinli Zhang
- CAS Key Lab of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Tang
- CAS Key Lab of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Investigation of hydrogen peroxide-driven transcriptional stress on the biomass growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pelosi B. Developing a bioinformatics pipeline for comparative protein classification analysis. BMC Genom Data 2022; 23:43. [PMID: 35668373 PMCID: PMC9172112 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-022-01045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein classification is a task of paramount importance in various fields of biology. Despite the great momentum of modern implementation of protein classification, machine learning techniques such as Random Forest and Neural Network could not always be used for several reasons: data collection, unbalanced classification or labelling of the data.As an alternative, I propose the use of a bioinformatics pipeline to search for and classify information from protein databases. Hence, to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of the pipeline, I focused on the carotenoid biosynthetic genes and developed a filtering approach to retrieve orthologs clusters in two well-studied plants that belong to the Brassicaceae family: Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa Pekinensis group. The result obtained has been compared with previous studies on carotenoid biosynthetic genes in B. rapa where phylogenetic analysis was conducted. RESULTS The developed bioinformatics pipeline relies on commercial software and multiple databeses including the use of phylogeny, Gene Ontology terms (GOs) and Protein Families (Pfams) at a protein level. Furthermore, the phylogeny is coupled with "population analysis" to evaluate the potential orthologs. All the steps taken together give a final table of potential orthologs. The phylogenetic tree gives a result of 43 putative orthologs conserved in B. rapa Pekinensis group. Different A. thaliana proteins have more than one syntenic ortholog as also shown in a previous finding (Li et al., BMC Genomics 16(1):1-11, 2015). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, when the biological features of proteins of interest are not specific, I can rely on a computational approach in filtering steps for classification purposes. The comparison of the results obtained here for the carotenoid biosynthetic genes with previous research confirmed the accuracy of the developed pipeline which can therefore be applied for filtering different types of datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Pelosi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Elucidation of the Potential Hair Growth-Promoting Effect of Botryococcus terribilis, Its Novel Compound Methylated-Meijicoccene, and C32 Botryococcene on Cultured Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells Using DNA Microarray Gene Expression Analysis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051186. [PMID: 35625924 PMCID: PMC9138970 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A person’s quality of life can be adversely affected by hair loss. Microalgae are widely recognized for their abundance and rich functional components. Here, we evaluated the hair growth effect of a green alga, Botryococcus terribilis (B. terribilis), in vitro using hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs). We isolated two types of cells from B. terribilis—green and orange cells, obtained from two different culture conditions. Microarray and real time-PCR results revealed that both cell types stimulated the expression of several pathways and genes associated with different aspect of the hair follicle cycle. Additionally, we demonstrated B. terribilis’ effect on collagen and keratin synthesis and inflammation reduction. We successfully isolated a novel compound, methylated-meijicoccene (me-meijicoccene), and C32 botryococcene from B. terribilis to validate their promising effects. Our study revealed that treatment with the two compounds had no cytotoxic effect on HFDPCs and significantly enhanced the gene expression levels of hair growth markers at low concentrations. Our study provides the first evidence of the underlying hair growth promoting effect of B. terribilis and its novel compound, me-meijicoccene, and C32 botryococcene.
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Jin P, Liang Z, Lu H, Pan J, Li P, Huang Q, Guo Y, Zhong J, Li F, Wan J, Overmans S, Xia J. Lipid Remodeling Reveals the Adaptations of a Marine Diatom to Ocean Acidification. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:748445. [PMID: 34721350 PMCID: PMC8551959 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.748445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocean acidification is recognized as a major anthropogenic perturbation of the modern ocean. While extensive studies have been carried out to explore the short-term physiological responses of phytoplankton to ocean acidification, little is known about their lipidomic responses after a long-term ocean acidification adaptation. Here we perform the lipidomic analysis of a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum following long-term (∼400 days) selection to ocean acidification conditions. We identified a total of 476 lipid metabolites in long-term high CO2 (i.e., ocean acidification condition) and low CO2 (i.e., ambient condition) selected P. tricornutum cells. Our results further show that long-term high CO2 selection triggered substantial changes in lipid metabolites by down- and up-regulating 33 and 42 lipid metabolites. While monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) was significantly down-regulated in the long-term high CO2 selected conditions, the majority (∼80%) of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) was up-regulated. The tightly coupled regulations (positively or negatively correlated) of significantly regulated lipid metabolites suggest that the lipid remodeling is an organismal adaptation strategy of marine diatoms to ongoing ocean acidification. Since the composition and content of lipids are crucial for marine food quality, and these changes can be transferred to high trophic levels, our results highlight the importance of determining the long-term adaptation of lipids in marine producers in predicting the ecological consequences of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinmei Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyuan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanting Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingyan Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Futian Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jiaofeng Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sebastian Overmans
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jianrong Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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