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Wang N, Qin J, Chen Z, Wu J, Xiang W. Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction, Characterization and Antioxidant and Immunoregulatory Activities of Arthrospira platensis Polysaccharides. Molecules 2024; 29:4645. [PMID: 39407575 PMCID: PMC11477882 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29194645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to enhance the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) yield of seawater Arthrospira platensis polysaccharides (APPs) and investigate its structural characteristics and bioactivities. The optimization of UAE achieved a maximum crude polysaccharides yield of 14.78%. The optimal extraction conditions were a liquid-solid ratio of 30.00 mL/g, extraction temperature of 81 °C, ultrasonic power at 92 W and extraction time at 30 min. After purification through cellulose DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 columns, two polysaccharide elutions (APP-1 and APP-2) were obtained. APP-2 had stronger antioxidant and immunoregulatory activities than APP-1, thus the characterization of APP-2 was conducted. APP-2 was an acidic polysaccharide consisting of rhamnose, glucose, mannose and glucuronic acid at a ratio of 1.00:24.21:7.63:1.53. It possessed a molecular weight of 72.48 kDa. Additionally, APP-2 had linear and irregular spherical particles and amorphous structures, which contained pyranoid polysaccharides with alpha/beta glycosidic bonds. These findings offered the foundation for APP-2 as an antioxidant and immunomodulator applied in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jingyi Qin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zishuo Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiayi Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511466, China
| | - Wenzhou Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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Zhang J, Yang H, Sun Y, Yan B, Chen W, Fan D. The potential use of microalgae for nutrient supply and health enhancement in isolated and confined environments. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13418. [PMID: 39073089 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Exploring isolated and confined environments (IACEs), such as deep-sea ecosystems, polar regions, and outer space, presents multiple challenges. Among these challenges, ensuring sustainable food supply over long timescales and maintaining the health of personnel are fundamental issues that must be addressed. Microalgae, as a novel food resource, possess favorable physiological and nutritional characteristics, demonstrating potential as nutritional support in IACEs. In this review, we discuss the potential of microalgae as a nutritional supplement in IACEs from four perspectives. The first section provides a theoretical foundation by reviewing the environmental adaptability and previous studies in IACEs. Subsequently, the typical nutritional components of microalgae and their bioavailability are comprehensively elucidated. And then focus on the impact of these ingredients on health enhancement and elucidate its mechanisms in IACEs. Combining the outstanding stress resistance, rich active ingredients, the potential to alleviate osteoporosis, regulate metabolism, and promote mental well-being, microalgae demonstrate significant value for food applications. Furthermore, the development of novel microalgae biomatrices enhances health safeguards. Nevertheless, the widespread application of microalgae in IACEs still requires extensive studies and more fundamental data, necessitating further exploration into improving bioavailability, high biomass cultivation methods, and enhancing palatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bowen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Daming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Chen Y, Liang H, Du H, Jesumani V, He W, Cheong KL, Li T, Hong T. Industry chain and challenges of microalgal food industry-a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4789-4816. [PMID: 36377724 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2145455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the whole world is facing hunger due to the increase in the global population and the rising level of food consumption. Unfortunately, the impact of environmental, climate, and political issues on agriculture has resulted in limited global food resources. Thus, it is important to develop new food sources that are environmentally friendly and not subject to climate or space limitations. Microalgae represent a potential source of nutrients and bioactive components for a wide range of high-value products. Advances in cultivation and genetic engineering techniques provide prospective approaches to widen their application for food. However, there are currently problems in the microalgae food industry in terms of assessing nutritional value, selecting processes for microalgae culture, obtaining suitable commercial strains of microalgae, etc. Additionally, the limitations of real data of market opportunities for microalgae make it difficult to assess their actual potential and to develop a better industrial chain. This review addresses the current status of the microalgae food industry, the process of commercializing microalgae food and breeding methods. Current research progress in addressing the limitations of microalgae industrialization and future prospects for developing microalgae food products are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Honghao Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Valentina Jesumani
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiling He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tangcheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Arora N, Lo E, Philippidis GP. Dissecting Enhanced Carbohydrate and Pigment Productivity in Mutants of Nannochloropsis oculata Using Metabolomics and Lipidomics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8338-8350. [PMID: 35767746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Random mutagenesis is an effective strategy for enhancing cellular traits. In this study, we used the mutagen ethyl methanesulfonate to create fast-growing Nannochloropsis oculata mutants. When cultivated in a photobioreactor with a diel cycle, two mutants exhibited 2.2-fold higher carbohydrate productivity and 3.5-4.0-fold higher pigment productivity than the wild type, while one of them also showed 2.5-fold higher lipid productivity. A comprehensive physiological, metabolomic, and lipidomic study showed that the mutants had high levels of glucose-, galactose-, and xylose-based carbohydrates. Their high growth rate was attributed to increased chlorophyll a content, improved nitrogen assimilation, storage, and recycling, and low monogalactosyldiacyl glycerol/digalactosyldiacyl glycerol ratio, which was responsible for higher biomass productivity. The investigation revealed upregulation of lipid precursors, shedding light on high lipid accumulation. The derived algae strains are capable of increasing the biosynthesis of value-added storage molecules without impairing growth, rendering them promising candidates for commercial development in future biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Arora
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Enlin Lo
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - George P Philippidis
- Patel College of Global Sustainability, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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Bleisch R, Freitag L, Ihadjadene Y, Sprenger U, Steingröwer J, Walther T, Krujatz F. Strain Development in Microalgal Biotechnology-Random Mutagenesis Techniques. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12070961. [PMID: 35888051 PMCID: PMC9315690 DOI: 10.3390/life12070961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Microalgal biomass and metabolites can be used as a renewable source of nutrition, pharmaceuticals and energy to maintain or improve the quality of human life. Microalgae’s high volumetric productivity and low impact on the environment make them a promising raw material in terms of both ecology and economics. To optimize biotechnological processes with microalgae, improving the productivity and robustness of the cell factories is a major step towards economically viable bioprocesses. This review provides an overview of random mutagenesis techniques that are applied to microalgal cell factories, with a particular focus on physical and chemical mutagens, mutagenesis conditions and mutant characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Bleisch
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (R.B.); (L.F.); (Y.I.); (U.S.); (J.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Leander Freitag
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (R.B.); (L.F.); (Y.I.); (U.S.); (J.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Yob Ihadjadene
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (R.B.); (L.F.); (Y.I.); (U.S.); (J.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Una Sprenger
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (R.B.); (L.F.); (Y.I.); (U.S.); (J.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Juliane Steingröwer
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (R.B.); (L.F.); (Y.I.); (U.S.); (J.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Thomas Walther
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (R.B.); (L.F.); (Y.I.); (U.S.); (J.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Felix Krujatz
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (R.B.); (L.F.); (Y.I.); (U.S.); (J.S.); (T.W.)
- Biotopa gGmbH—Center for Applied Aquaculture & Bioeconomy, 01454 Radeberg, Germany
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz, 02763 Zittau, Germany
- Correspondence:
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