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Hagendorff A, Kandels J, Metze M, Tayal B, Stöbe S. Valid and Reproducible Quantitative Assessment of Cardiac Volumes by Echocardiography in Patients with Valvular Heart Diseases-Possible or Wishful Thinking? Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:1359. [PMID: 37046577 PMCID: PMC10093440 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The analysis of left ventricular function is predominantly based on left ventricular volume assessment. Especially in valvular heart diseases, the quantitative assessment of total and effective stroke volumes as well as regurgitant volumes is necessary for a quantitative approach to determine regurgitant volumes and regurgitant fraction. In the literature, there is an ongoing discussion about differences between cardiac volumes estimated by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance tomography. This viewpoint focuses on the feasibility to assess comparable cardiac volumes with both modalities. The former underestimation of cardiac volumes determined by 2D and 3D echocardiography is presumably explained by methodological and technical limitations. Thus, this viewpoint aims to stimulate an urgent and critical rethinking of the echocardiographic assessment of patients with valvular heart diseases, especially valvular regurgitations, because the actual integrative approach might be too error prone to be continued in this form. It should be replaced or supplemented by a definitive quantitative approach. Valid quantitative assessment by echocardiography is feasible once echocardiography and data analysis are performed with methodological and technical considerations in mind. Unfortunately, implementation of this approach cannot generally be considered for real-world conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hagendorff
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (J.K.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Joscha Kandels
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (J.K.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Michael Metze
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (J.K.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Bhupendar Tayal
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Stephan Stöbe
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (J.K.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
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Knackstedt C, Schummers G, Schröder J, Marx N, Lumens J, Wijk SSV, Ramaekers B, Becker M, van Empel V, Brunner-La Rocca HP. A graphical analysis of aspects contributing to the spreading of measurements of left ventricular function. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING 2023; 39:915-927. [PMID: 36800058 PMCID: PMC10160217 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-023-02796-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The Simpson's method is the standard technique to determine left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) on echocardiography. The large inter-observer variability of measuring LVEF is well documented but not fully understood. A graphical analysis was used to elaborate what contributes to the inter-observer difference. Forty-two cardiologists (32 male, 39 ± 7 years) evaluated the LVEF using the Simpson's method on 15 different echocardiograms (2 and 4 chamber view (2CH/4CH)); the program did not show the result of EF to prevent a bias. End-diastolic (ED) and end-systolic (ES) frames were predefined ensuring measurement at the same time point of the cardiac cycles. After standardization of the LV contour, the differences of the individual contours compared to a reference contour were measured. Also, the spreading of lateral/medial mitral annulus contours and the apex were depicted. A significant spreading of LV-contours was seen with larger contours leading to higher EFs (p < 0.001). Experience did not influence the determination of LVEF. ED-volumes showed more spreading than ES-volumes ((3.6 mm (IQR: 2.6-4.0) vs. 3.4 mm (IQR: 2.8-3.8), p < 0.001). Also, the differences were larger for the 2CH compared to the 4CH (p < 0.001). Variability was significantly larger for lateral than septal wall (p < 0.001) as well as the anterior compared to the inferior wall (p < 0.001). There was a relevant scattering of the apex and medial/ lateral mitral annulus ring. There was a large variability of LV-volumes and LVEF as well as position of mitral valve ring and apex. There were global differences (apical 2CH or 4CH), regional aspects (LV walls) and temporal factors (ED vs. ES). Thus, multiple factors contributed to the large variability.Trial registration: The study was registered at "Netherlands Trial Register" ( www.trialregister.nl ; study number: NL5131).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Knackstedt
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Jörg Schröder
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joost Lumens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bram Ramaekers
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Becker
- Department of Cardiology, Rhein-Maas Klinikum, Würselen, Germany
| | - Vanessa van Empel
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Muraru D, Baldea SM, Genovese D, Tomaselli M, Heilbron F, Gavazzoni M, Radu N, Sergio C, Baratto C, Perelli F, Curti E, Parati G, Badano LP. Association of outcome with left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction measured with two- and three-dimensional echocardiography in patients referred for routine, clinically indicated studies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1065131. [PMID: 36620642 PMCID: PMC9815115 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1065131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We sought to analyze if left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) measured by three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) have incremental prognostic value over measurements obtained from two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) in patients referred to a high-volume echocardiography laboratory for routine, clinically-indicated studies. Methods We measured LV volumes and EF using both 2DE and 3DE in 725 consecutive patients (67% men; 59 ± 18 years) with various clinical indications referred for a routine clinical study. Results LV volumes were significantly larger, and EF was lower when measured by 3DE than 2DE. During follow-up (3.6 ± 1.2 years), 111 (15.3%) all-cause deaths and 248 (34.2%) cardiac hospitalizations occurred. Larger LV volumes and lower EF were associated with worse outcome independent of age, creatinine, hemoglobin, atrial fibrillation, and ischemic heart diseases). In stepwise Cox regression analyses, the associations of both death and cardiac hospitalization with clinical data (CD: age, creatinine, hemoglobin, atrial fibrillation, and ischemic heart disease) whose Harrel's C-index (HC) was 0.775, were augmented more by the LV volumes and EF obtained by 3DE than by 2DE parameters. The association of CD with death was not affected by LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) either measured by 2DE or 3DE. Conversely, it was incremented by 3DE LVEF (HC = 0.84, p < 0.001) more than 2DE LVEF (HC = 0.814, p < 0.001). The association of CD with the composite endpoint (HC = 0.64, p = 0.002) was augmented more by 3DE LV EDV (HC = 0.786, p < 0.001), end-systolic volume (HC = 0.801, p < 0.001), and EF (HC = 0.84, p < 0.001) than by the correspondent 2DE parameters (HC = 0.786, HC = 0.796, and 0.84, all p < 0.001) In addition, partition values for mild, moderate and severe reduction of the LVEF measured by 3DE showed a higher discriminative power than those measured by 2DE for cardiac death (Log-Rank: χ2 = 98.3 vs. χ2 = 77.1; p < 0.001). Finally, LV dilation defined according to the 3DE threshold values showed higher discriminatory power and prognostic value for death than when using 2DE reference values (3DE LVEDV: χ2 = 15.9, p < 0.001 vs. χ2 = 10.8, p = 0.001; 3DE LVESV: χ2 = 24.4, p < 0.001 vs. χ2 = 17.4, p = 0.001). Conclusion In patients who underwent routine, clinically-indicated echocardiography, 3DE LVEF and ESV showed stronger association with outcome than the corresponding 2DE parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Muraru
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy,Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sorina Mihaila Baldea
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Davide Genovese
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Neuro-Vascular Department, Ca’ Foncello Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Michele Tomaselli
- Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Heilbron
- Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Gavazzoni
- Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Noela Radu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Caravita Sergio
- Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy,Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, Dalmine, Italy
| | - Claudia Baratto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy,Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Perelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Curti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi P. Badano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy,Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Luigi P. Badano,
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4
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Saunders AM, Jones RL, Richards J. Cardiac structure and function in resistance-trained and untrained adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sports Sci 2022; 40:2191-2199. [PMID: 36399498 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2147658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Variations in the haemodynamic demands of specific training modalities may explain characteristic differences in cardiac structure and function amongst athletes. However, current consensus regarding these adaptations in highly resistance-trained athletes is yet to be established. The current invetsigation aimed to collate research investigating cardiac structure and function in resistance-trained athletes, exploring the defining characteristics of Athlete's Heart within these individuals. Seven electronic databases were searched. Studies which examined at least one measure of cardiac structure or function, included healthy, normotensive male or females (>18 years) and compared athletes engaged in a resistance training programme (>12 months) to an untrained group engaged in no structured training programme were included. Systematic selection and quality appraisal of articles was performed by two reviewers, with a random effects meta-analysis model applied to suitable studies. Studies were limited to orginal peer-reviewed articles published in English. Resistance-trained athletes (n = 949) demonstrated greater cardiac dimensions compared to their untrained counterparts (n = 1053). No clear impairments to systolic or diastolic cardiac function were observed in athletic population studied here. Resistance-trained athletes display some characteristics of the Athlete's Heart phenomenon, including greater wall thickening and chamber dilation compared to their untrained counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail M Saunders
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, UK
| | - Rebecca L Jones
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, UK.,Health Advancement Research Team (HART), School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - Joanna Richards
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, UK
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Wang DD, Airhart SE, Zhou B, Shireman LM, Jiang S, Melendez Rodriguez C, Kirkpatrick JN, Shen DD, Tian R, O’Brien KD. Safety and Tolerability of Nicotinamide Riboside in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:1183-1196. [PMID: 36644285 PMCID: PMC9831861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial dysfunction characteristic of heart failure (HF) is associated with changes in intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and NADH levels. Raising NAD+ levels with the NAD+ precursor, nicotinamide riboside (NR), may represent a novel HF treatment. In this 30-participant trial of patients with clinically stable HF with reduced ejection fraction, NR, at a dose of 1,000 mg twice daily, appeared to be safe and well tolerated, and approximately doubled whole blood NAD+ levels. Intraindividual NAD+ increases in response to NR correlated with increases in peripheral blood mononuclear cell basal (R 2 = 0.413, P = 0.003) and maximal (R 2 = 0.434, P = 0.002) respiration, and with decreased NLRP3 expression (R 2 = 0.330, P = 0.020). (Nicotinamide Riboside in Systolic Heart Failure; NCT03423342).
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Key Words
- AE, adverse event
- E/e′, ratio of the early transmitral flow velocity to the early diastolic tissue velocity
- GLS, global longitudinal strain
- HF, heart failure
- HFrEF
- HFrEF, heart failure with reduced rejection fraction
- IL, interleukin
- LV, left ventricular
- NAD+
- NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- NLRP3, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3
- NR
- NR, nicotinamide riboside
- PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
- mitochondrial dysfunction
- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- nicotinamide riboside
- sterile inflammation
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis D. Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sophia E. Airhart
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Providence St. Vincent Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Mitochondrial and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Laura M. Shireman
- School of Medicine and Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Siyi Jiang
- Mitochondrial and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - James N. Kirkpatrick
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Danny D. Shen
- School of Medicine and Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondrial and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Dr Rong Tian, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA.
| | - Kevin D. O’Brien
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Address for correspondence: Dr Kevin D. O’Brien, Division of Cardiology, Box 356422, University of Washington, 1959 Northeast Pacific Street, Seattle, Washington 98195-6422, USA.
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6
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Karadas U, Saylam GS, Yilmaz N, Kir M, Kizilca Ö, Demircan T, Ugurlu B, Ünal N, Demir A. Assessment of ventricular septal defects by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography and comparison with surgical measurements. PROGRESS IN PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2022.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Almeida AG, Carpenter JP, Cameli M, Donal E, Dweck MR, Flachskampf FA, Maceira AM, Muraru D, Neglia D, Pasquet A, Plein S, Gerber BL. Multimodality imaging of myocardial viability: an expert consensus document from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI). Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 22:e97-e125. [PMID: 34097006 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In clinical decision making, myocardial viability is defined as myocardium in acute or chronic coronary artery disease and other conditions with contractile dysfunction but maintained metabolic and electrical function, having the potential to improve dysfunction upon revascularization or other therapy. Several pathophysiological conditions may coexist to explain this phenomenon. Cardiac imaging may allow identification of myocardial viability through different principles, with the purpose of prediction of therapeutic response and selection for treatment. This expert consensus document reviews current insight into the underlying pathophysiology and available methods for assessing viability. In particular the document reviews contemporary viability imaging techniques, including stress echocardiography, single photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and computed tomography and provides clinical recommendations for how to standardize these methods in terms of acquisition and interpretation. Finally, it presents clinical scenarios where viability assessment is clinically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G Almeida
- Faculty of Medicine, Lisbon University, University Hospital Santa Maria/CHLN, Portugal
| | - John-Paul Carpenter
- Cardiology Department, University Hospitals Dorset, NHS Foundation Trust, Poole Hospital, Longfleet Road, Poole, Dorset BH15 2JB, United Kingdom
| | - Matteo Cameli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 16, Siena, Italy
| | - Erwan Donal
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Marc R Dweck
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh & Edinburgh Heart Centre, Chancellors Building Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom
| | - Frank A Flachskampf
- Dept. of Med. Sciences, Uppsala University, and Cardiology and Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Akademiska, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alicia M Maceira
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Ascires Biomedical Group Colon St, 1, Valencia 46004, Spain; Department of Medicine, Health Sciences School, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, Lluís Vives St. 1, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Denisa Muraru
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900, Monza, Italy; Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - Danilo Neglia
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio-Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Agnès Pasquet
- Service de Cardiologie, Département Cardiovasculaire, Cliniques Universitaires St. Luc, and Division CARD, Institut de Recherche Expérimental et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Av Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven Plein
- Department of Biomedical Imaging Science, Leeds, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Bernhard L Gerber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging Science, Leeds, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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Vieira MLC, Branco CEDB, Gazola ASL, Vieira PPAC, Benvenuti LA, Demarchi LMMF, Gutierrez PS, Aiello VD, Tarasoutchi F, Sampaio RO. 3D Echocardiography for Rheumatic Heart Disease Analysis: Ready for Prime Time. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:676938. [PMID: 34355026 PMCID: PMC8329529 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.676938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains to be a very important health issue worldwide, mainly in underdeveloped countries. It continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout developing countries. RHD is a delayed non-suppurative immunologically mediated inflammatory response to the throat infection caused by a hemolytic streptococcus from the A group (Streptococcus pyogenes). RHD keeps position 1 as the most common cardiovascular disease in young people aged <25 years considering all the continents. The disease can lead to valvular cardiac lesions as well as to carditis. Rheumatic fever valvular injuries lead most commonly to the fusion and thickening of the edges of the cusps and to the fusion, thickening, and shortening of the chordae and ultimately to calcification of the valves. Valvular commissures can also be deeply compromised, leading to severe stenosis. Atrial and ventricular remodeling is also common following rheumatic infection. Mixed valvular lesions are more common than isolated valvular disorders. Echocardiography is the most relevant imaging technique not only to provide diagnostic information but also to enable prognostic data. Further, it presents a very important role for the correction of complications after surgical repair of rheumatic heart valvulopathies. Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography provides additional anatomical and morphofunctional information of utmost importance for patients presenting rheumatic valvopathies. Accordingly, three-dimensional echocardiography is ready for routine use in patients with RHD presenting with valvular abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Luiz Campos Vieira
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Heart Institute (InCor), São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Flávio Tarasoutchi
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Heart Institute (InCor), São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roney Orismar Sampaio
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Heart Institute (InCor), São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sjoerdsma M, Bouwmeester S, Houthuizen P, van de Vosse FN, Lopata RGP. A Spatial Near-Field Clutter Reduction Filter Preserving Tissue Speckle in Echocardiography. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2021; 68:979-992. [PMID: 33001799 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2020.3028155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Near-field (NF) clutter in echocardiography is depicted as a diffuse haze hindering the visualization of the myocardium and the blood-pool, thereby degrading its diagnostic value. Several clutter filters have been developed, which are limited in patients with contraction motion and rhythm anomalies, and in 3-D ultrasound (US). This study introduces a new NF clutter reduction method, which preserves US speckles required for strain imaging. The filter developed detects the NF clutter region in the spatial frequency domain. The filter employs an oriented, multiscale approach, and assumes the NF clutter to be predominantly present in the highest and lowest bandpass images. These bandpass images were filtered, whilst sparing features in the myocardium and NF clutter-free regions. The performance of the filter was assessed in a volunteer study, in ten 3-D apical and parasternal view acquisitions, and in a retrospective clinical study composed of 20 cardiac patients with different indications for echocardiography. The filter reduced NF clutter in all data sets, whilst preserving all or most of the myocardium. Additionally, it demonstrated a consistent enhancement of image quality, with an increase in contrast of 4.3 dB on average, and generated a clearer myocardial boundary distinction. Furthermore, the speckles were preserved according to the quality index based on local variance, the structural similarity index method, and normalized cross correlation values, being 0.82, 0.92, and 0.95 on average, respectively. Global longitudinal strain measurements on NF clutter reduced images were improved or equivalent compared to the original acquisitions, with an average increase in strain signal-to-noise ratio of 34%.
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10
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Wess G, Bauer A, Kopp A. Echocardiographic reference intervals for volumetric measurements of the left ventricle using the Simpson's method of discs in 1331 dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:724-738. [PMID: 33675121 PMCID: PMC7995437 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Echocardiographic measurements play an important role in detecting cardiac enlargement and assessing cardiac function. In human cardiology, M‐mode measurements have been widely replaced by volumetric measurements of the left ventricle (LV) using Simpson's method of disc (SMOD). In veterinary cardiology, more large‐scale studies are necessary to generate reference intervals (RIs) for SMOD LV volume measurements. Objective To generate body size independent RIs for LV volume measurements in dogs. Animals Healthy adult dogs (n = 1331) of variable size and somatotype. Methods Prospective study. The SMOD was measured from the right parasternal long axis and the left apical 4‐chamber view in clinically healthy dogs. The SMOD measurements were normalized to various allometric scales (kg, kg2/3, or kg1/3). RIs for LV end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV) and LV end‐systolic volume (LVESV) using SMOD were estimated as prediction intervals of both a linear and an additive regression model. Additionally, after normalization to body weight, 95% RIs were determined using nonparametric methods with 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles serving as the lower and upper limits. Separate analyses were performed for 120 sighthound breeds and 1211 other breeds. Results Echocardiographic LV volumes correlated best with weight in kilograms. The additive model proved to be more flexible and accurate than the other 2 methods to generate RIs. Separate RIs for sighthound and all other breeds are provided. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Body size and breed‐independent RIs for LV volume measurements using SMOD were generated prospectively from a large and diverse population of dogs and are available for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Wess
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Bauer
- Statistical Consulting Unit StaBLab, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Antonia Kopp
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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11
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Benson MJ, Silverton N, Morrissey C, Zimmerman J. Strain Imaging: An Everyday Tool for the Perioperative Echocardiographer. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 34:2707-2717. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Backhaus SJ, Kowallick JT, Stiermaier T, Lange T, Navarra JL, Koschalka A, Evertz R, Lotz J, Kutty S, Hasenfuß G, Gutberlet M, Thiele H, Eitel I, Schuster A. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Myocardial Feature Tracking for Optimized Risk Assessment After Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2020; 69:1540-1548. [PMID: 32335515 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes predicts outcome following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Since underlying mechanics are incompletely understood, we investigated left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) pathophysiological changes and their prognostic implications using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Consecutive patients (N = 1,147; n = 265 with diabetes, n = 882 without diabetes) underwent CMR 3 days after AMI. Analyses included LV ejection fraction (LVEF); global longitudinal strain (GLS) and circumferential and radial strains; LA reservoir, conduit, and booster pump strains; and infarct size, edema, and microvascular obstruction. Predefined end points were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within 12 months. Patients with diabetes had impaired LA reservoir (19.8% vs. 21.2%, P < 0.01) and conduit (7.6% vs. 9.0%, P < 0.01) strains but not ventricular function or myocardial damage. They were at higher risk of MACE than patients without diabetes (10.2% vs. 5.8%, P < 0.01), with most MACE occurring in patients with LVEF ≥35%. While LVEF (P = 0.045) and atrial reservoir strain (P = 0.024) were independent predictors of MACE in patients without diabetes, GLS was in patients with diabetes (P = 0.010). Considering patients with diabetes and LVEF ≥35% (n = 237), GLS and LA reservoir strain below median were significantly associated with MACE. In conclusion, in patients with diabetes, LA and LV longitudinal strain permit optimized risk assessment early after reperfused AMI with incremental prognostic value over and above that of LVEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören J Backhaus
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johannes T Kowallick
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Stiermaier
- University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II (Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Torben Lange
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jenny-Lou Navarra
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Koschalka
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ruben Evertz
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Lotz
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shelby Kutty
- Taussig Heart Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gerd Hasenfuß
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Gutberlet
- Department of Radiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Leipzig Heart Institute, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ingo Eitel
- University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II (Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Schuster
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Lu A, Fan H, Xu J, Li J, Zhao H. Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiography as Predictive and Prognostic Indicators of All-Cause Mortality in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease. MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR : INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 26:e922129. [PMID: 32506070 PMCID: PMC7299062 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to compare the predictive role of two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2D-TTE) and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3D-TTE) on in-hospital all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) due to ischemic heart disease (IHD). Material/Methods Patients (N-224) with HFrEF due to IHD who had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% on admission when measured by 2D-TTE and 3D-TTE were studied and divided into survival and mortality groups. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were compared. Results Compared with the survival group (n=142), patients who died during hospitalization (n=82) were more commonly older (67.3 vs. 62.6 years), female (48.8% vs. 38.7%), with diabetes mellitus (51.2% vs. 32.4%), chronic kidney disease (48.8% vs. 32.4%), intravenous inotropes (85.4% vs. 76.1%), and intravenous vasodilators (70.7% vs. 61.3%). Regression model analysis for all-cause mortality identified significant associations with age, diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction (MI), intravenous inotropes, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and LVEF following 2D-TTE. Age, diabetes mellitus, prior MI, the use of intravenous inotropes, NT-proBNP, LVEF, and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) index following 3D-TTE were significantly associated with all-cause mortality. Modeling of 2D-TTE parameters showed that the concordance statistic (C-index) increased significantly after including the LVEF, from 0.72 to 0.77 and from 0.72 to 0.80, respectively. Modeling of 3D-TTE parameters showed that the C-index increased significantly after including the LVEDV index (from 0.80 to 0.76). Conclusions In patients with HFrEF due to IHD, 3D-TTE was a better predictor than 2D-TTE of in-hospital all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixia Lu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Haibo Fan
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Honglei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, FuWai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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14
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Carrick-Ranson G, Sloane NM, Howden EJ, Bhella PS, Sarma S, Shibata S, Fujimoto N, Hastings JL, Levine BD. The effect of lifelong endurance exercise on cardiovascular structure and exercise function in women. J Physiol 2020; 598:2589-2605. [PMID: 32347540 DOI: 10.1113/jp278503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The beneficial effects of sustained or lifelong (>25 years) endurance exercise on cardiovascular structure and exercise function have been largely established in men. The current findings indicate that committed (≥4 weekly exercise sessions) lifelong exercise results in substantial benefits in exercise capacity ( V ̇ O 2 max ), cardiovascular function at submaximal and maximal exercise, left ventricular mass and compliance, and blood volume compared to similarly aged or even younger (middle-age) untrained women. Endurance exercise training should be considered a key strategy to prevent cardiovascular disease with ageing in women as well as men. ABSTRACT This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of exercise performance and left ventricular (LV) morphology in 70 women to examine whether women who have performed regular, lifelong endurance exercise acquire the same beneficial adaptations in cardiovascular structure and function and exercise performance that have been reported previously in men. Three groups of women were examined: (1) 35 older (>60 years) untrained women (older untrained, OU), (2) 13 older women who had consistently performed four or more endurance exercise sessions weekly for at least 25 years (older trained, OT), and (3) 22 middle-aged (range 35-59 years) untrained women (middle-aged untrained, MU) as a reference control for the appropriate age-related changes. Oxygen uptake ( V ̇ O 2 ) and cardiovascular function (cardiac output ( Q ̇ ); stroke volume (SV) acetylene rebreathing) were examined at rest, steady-state submaximal exercise and maximal exercise (maximal oxygen uptake, V ̇ O 2 max ). Blood volume (CO rebreathing) and LV mass (cardiac magnetic resonance imaging), plus invasive measures of static and dynamic chamber compliance were also examined. V ̇ O 2 max (p < 0.001) and maximal exercise Q ̇ and SV were larger in older trained women compared to the two untrained groups (∼17% and ∼27% for Q ̇ and SV, respectively, versus MU; ∼40% and ∼38% versus OU, all p < 0.001). Blood volume (mL kg-1 ) and LV mass index (g m-2 ) were larger in OT versus OU (∼11% and ∼16%, respectively, both P ≤ 0.015) Static LV chamber compliance was greater in OT compared to both untrained groups (median (25-75%): MU: 0.065 (0.049-0.080); OU: 0.085 (0.061-0.138); OT: 0.047 (0.031-0.054), P ≤ 0.053). Collectively, these findings indicate that lifetime endurance exercise appears to be extremely effective at preserving or even enhancing cardiovascular structure and function with advanced age in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Carrick-Ranson
- The University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas, Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nikita M Sloane
- Department of Exercise Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Erin J Howden
- Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas, Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul S Bhella
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Cardiology, John Peter Smith Health Network, Fort Worth, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, TCU and UNT School of Medicine, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Satyam Sarma
- Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas, Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shigeki Shibata
- Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas, Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Naoki Fujimoto
- Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas, Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Hastings
- Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas, Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin D Levine
- Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas, Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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15
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Liu LW, Wu PC, Chiu MY, Tu PF, Fang CC. Sacubitril/Valsartan Improves Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Reverses Cardiac Remodeling in Taiwanese Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2020; 36:125-132. [PMID: 32201463 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202003_36(2).20190812a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background The angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril/valsartan is known to improve outcomes of cardiac death and hospitalization due to heart failure in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, data on improvements in ejection fraction after using sacubitril/valsartan are still lacking in Taiwan. Methods We conducted this prospective, single armed, observation cohort study to evaluate changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with heart failure and reduced LVEF treated with sacubitril/valsartan. This was an all-comer study. We prescribed sacubitril/valsartan as both first-line and second-line therapy to every eligible patient regardless of whether they were already on standard therapy or newly-diagnosed with HFrEF. The primary outcome was improvements in LVEF. We also collected data about changes in left ventricular chamber size, blood pressure, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and renal function according to serum creatinine level. Results During March 2016 to April 2018, 93 patients were enrolled. The mean LVEF improved from 35 ± 6.1% to 50 ± 8.8% at 6 months use of sacubitril/valsartan (p < 0.001). The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, and left atrial diameter all decreased. The average NT-proBNP level decreased from 6379 pg/mL to 1661 pg/dL. Conclusions Sacubitril/valsartan demonstrated a significant effect in improving LVEF, left ventricular reverse remodeling, and reduction of NT-proBNP in this Taiwanese cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Liu
- Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Coporation)
| | - Po-Ching Wu
- Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Coporation)
| | - Mei-Ya Chiu
- Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Coporation)
| | - Pei-Fen Tu
- Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Coporation)
| | - Ching-Chang Fang
- Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Coporation)
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16
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Guta AC, Badano LP, Ochoa-Jimenez RC, Genovese D, Previtero M, Civera S, Ruocco A, Bettella N, Parati G, Muraru D. Three-dimensional echocardiography to assess left ventricular geometry and function. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 17:801-815. [PMID: 31770493 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2019.1697234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Quantification of left ventricular (LV) size and function represents the most frequent indication for an echocardiographic study. New echocardiographic techniques have been developed over the last decades in an attempt to provide a more comprehensive, accurate, and reproducible assessment of LV function.Areas covered: Although two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) is the recommended imaging modality to evaluate the LV, three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) has proven to be more accurate, by avoiding geometric assumptions about LV geometry, and to have incremental value for outcome prediction in comparison to conventional 2DE. LV shape (sphericity) and mass are actually measured with 3DE. Myocardial deformation analysis using 3DE can early detect subclinical LV dysfunction, before any detectable change in LV ejection fraction.Expert opinion: 3DE eliminates the errors associated with foreshortening and geometric assumptions inherent to 2DE and 3DE measurements approach very closely those obtained by CMR (the current reference modality), while maintaining the unique clinical advantage of a safe, highly cost/effective, portable imaging technique, available to the cardiologist at bedside to translate immediately the echocardiography findings into the clinical decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrada C Guta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luigi P Badano
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto C Ochoa-Jimenez
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Internal Medicine Department, Mount Sinai St Luke's and Mount Sinai West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Davide Genovese
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Previtero
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefania Civera
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ruocco
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Natascia Bettella
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Denisa Muraru
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
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17
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Added Value of 3- Versus 2-Dimensional Echocardiography Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction to Predict Arrhythmic Risk in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 12:1917-1926. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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3D Echo in Routine Clinical Practice – State of the Art in 2019. Heart Lung Circ 2019; 28:1400-1410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Jensen MT, Fung K, Aung N, Sanghvi MM, Chadalavada S, Paiva JM, Khanji MY, de Knegt MC, Lukaschuk E, Lee AM, Barutcu A, Maclean E, Carapella V, Cooper J, Young A, Piechnik SK, Neubauer S, Petersen SE. Changes in Cardiac Morphology and Function in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus: The UK Biobank Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Substudy. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 12:e009476. [PMID: 31522551 PMCID: PMC7099857 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.119.009476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Detection of early cardiac changes before manifest disease develops is important. We investigated early alterations in cardiac structure and function associated with DM using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS Participants from the UK Biobank Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Substudy, a community cohort study, without known cardiovascular disease and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% were included. Multivariable linear regression models were performed. The investigators were blinded to DM status. RESULTS A total of 3984 individuals, 45% men, (mean [SD]) age 61.3 (7.5) years, hereof 143 individuals (3.6%) with DM. There was no difference in left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (DM versus no DM; coefficient [95% CI]: -0.86% [-1.8 to 0.5]; P=0.065), LV mass (-0.13 g/m2 [-1.6 to 1.3], P=0.86), or right ventricular ejection fraction (-0.23% [-1.2 to 0.8], P=0.65). However, both LV and right ventricular volumes were significantly smaller in DM, (LV end-diastolic volume/m2: -3.46 mL/m2 [-5.8 to -1.2], P=0.003, right ventricular end-diastolic volume/m2: -4.2 mL/m2 [-6.8 to -1.7], P=0.001, LV stroke volume/m2: -3.0 mL/m2 [-4.5 to -1.5], P<0.001; right ventricular stroke volume/m2: -3.8 mL/m2 [-6.5 to -1.1], P=0.005), LV mass/volume: 0.026 (0.01 to 0.04) g/mL, P=0.006. Both left atrial and right atrial emptying fraction were lower in DM (right atrial emptying fraction: -6.2% [-10.2 to -2.1], P=0.003; left atrial emptying fraction:-3.5% [-6.9 to -0.1], P=0.043). LV global circumferential strain was impaired in DM (coefficient [95% CI]: 0.38% [0.01 to 0.7], P=0.045). CONCLUSIONS In a low-risk general population without known cardiovascular disease and with preserved LV ejection fraction, DM is associated with early changes in all 4 cardiac chambers. These findings suggest that diabetic cardiomyopathy is not a regional condition of the LV but affects the heart globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus T. Jensen
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev- Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark (M.T.J.)
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Denmark (M.T.J.)
| | - Kenneth Fung
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
| | - Nay Aung
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
| | - Mihir M. Sanghvi
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
| | - Sucharitha Chadalavada
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
| | - Jose M. Paiva
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
| | - Mohammed Y. Khanji
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
| | - Martina C. de Knegt
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
| | - Elena Lukaschuk
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (E.L., A.B., V.C., S.K.P., S.N.)
| | - Aaron M. Lee
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
| | - Ahmet Barutcu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (E.L., A.B., V.C., S.K.P., S.N.)
| | - Edd Maclean
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
| | - Valentina Carapella
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (E.L., A.B., V.C., S.K.P., S.N.)
| | - Jackie Cooper
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
| | - Alistair Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, United Kingdom (A.Y.)
| | - Stefan K. Piechnik
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (E.L., A.B., V.C., S.K.P., S.N.)
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (E.L., A.B., V.C., S.K.P., S.N.)
| | - Steffen E. Petersen
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., E.M., J.C., S.E.P.)
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (M.T.J., K.F., N.A., M.M.S., S.C., J.M.P., M.Y.K., M.C.d.K., A.M.L., S.E.P.)
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McDonald JP, MacNamara JP, Zaha VG. Challenges in Implementing Optimal Echocardiographic Screening in Cardio-Oncology. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2019; 21:39. [DOI: 10.1007/s11936-019-0740-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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Shivalkar B, De Keersmaeker A, Van Hoeck N, Belkova P, Van de Heyning CM, De Maeyer C, Vrints C. Is 3D Dobutamine stress echocardiography ready for prime time? Diagnostic and prognostic implications. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 21:428-436. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Compare the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of echo contrast enhanced 2D and 3D Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE).
Methods and results
We included 718 patients indicated for DSE. All had standard 2D, and contrast enhanced left ventricular opacification (LVO) for 2D and 3D acquisitions at rest and peak stress. Chi-square test was done to assess relationship between DSE result and early revascularization. Kaplan–Meier plots with Logistic regression analysis predicted late major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at a maximum follow-up of 84 months. The mean age was 63 ± 13 years (61% males) and follow-up was obtained in 692/718 (96.4%) patients. Only 32% had excellent baseline image quality. The DSE was abnormal in 19.4% patients on 2D, in 17.1% on 2D-LVO and in 19.1% on 3D-LVO. Early revascularization was performed in, respectively, 32.8%, 45.8%, and in 48.5% of stress-positive 2D, 2D-LVO, and 3D-LVO studies. After excluding the 66 patients receiving early revascularization 68/626 (10.9%) had MACE at a maximum follow-up of 84 months. Kaplan–Meier plots showed that stress-positive 2D-LVO and 3D-LVO studies not receiving early revascularization when assessed separately and combined had significantly worse outcomes for MACE compared with stress-negative patients (OR 3.69; 95% CI: 1.54–8.87; P = 0.011, OR 4.54; 95% CI: 1.72–12.93; P = 0.008, and OR 7.07, 95% CI: 1.62–25.16; P = 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion
Combined use of 2D- and 3D-LVO DSE is ready for prime time considering the feasibility, improved diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Shivalkar
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Delta Hospital, Boulevard du Triomphe 201, Auderghem, Belgium
- Pfizer Biopharmaceuticals, Pleinlaan 17, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexander De Keersmaeker
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nathan Van Hoeck
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Petra Belkova
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Caroline M Van de Heyning
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Catherine De Maeyer
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Christiaan Vrints
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
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22
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Pretransplant Cardiac Evaluation Using Novel Technology. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050690. [PMID: 31100854 PMCID: PMC6571765 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is a complex procedure that has been increasingly successful in treating malignant and nonmalignant conditions. Despite its effectiveness, it can be associated with potentially life-threatening adverse effects. New onset heart failure, ischemic disease, and arrhythmias are among the most notable cardiovascular complications post-HSCT. As a result, appropriate cardiac risk stratification prior to transplant could result in decreased morbidity and mortality by identifying patients with a higher probability of tolerating possible toxicities associated with HSCT. In this review, we aim to discuss the utility of cardiac screening using novel modalities of imaging technology in the pre-HSCT phase.
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Howard-Quijano K, Methangkool E, Scovotti JC, Mazor E, Grogan TR, Kratzert WB, Mahajan A. Regional Left Ventricular Myocardial Dysfunction After Cardiac Surgery Characterized by 3-Dimensional Strain. Anesth Analg 2019; 128:854-864. [PMID: 30896605 PMCID: PMC9815834 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000003785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) strain is an echocardiographic modality that can characterize left ventricular (LV) function with greater accuracy than ejection fraction. While decreases in global strain have been used to predict outcomes after cardiac surgery, changes in regional 3D longitudinal, circumferential, radial, and area strain have not been well described. The primary aim of this study was to define differential patterns in regional LV dysfunction after cardiac surgery using 3D speckle tracking strain imaging. Our secondary aim was to investigate whether changes in regional strain can predict postoperative outcomes, including length of intensive care unit stay and 1-year event-free survival. METHODS In this prospective clinical study, demographic, operative, echocardiographic, and clinical outcome data were collected on 182 patients undergoing aortic valve replacement, mitral valve repair or replacement, coronary artery bypass graft, and combined cardiac surgery. Three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiograms were performed preoperatively and on the second to fourth postoperative day. Blinded analysis was performed for LV regional longitudinal, circumferential, radial, and area strain in the 17-segment model. RESULTS Regional 3D longitudinal, circumferential, radial, and area strains were associated with differential patterns of myocardial dysfunction, depending on the surgical procedure performed and strain measure. Patients undergoing mitral valve repair or replacement had reduced function in the majority of myocardial segments, followed by coronary artery bypass graft, while patients undergoing aortic valve replacement had reduced function localized only to apical segments. After all types of cardiac surgery, segmental function in apical segments was reduced to a greater extent as compared to basal segments. Greater decrements in regional function were seen in circumferential and area strain, while smaller decrements were observed in longitudinal strain in all surgical patients. Both preoperative regional strain and change in regional strain preoperatively to postoperatively were correlated with reduced 1-year event-free survival, while postoperative strain was not predictive of outcomes. Only preoperative strain values were predictive of intensive care unit length of stay. CONCLUSIONS Changes in regional myocardial function, measured by 3D strain, varied by surgical procedure and strain type. Differences in regional LV function, from presurgery to postsurgery, were associated with worsened 1-year event-free survival. These findings suggest that postoperative changes in myocardial function are heterogeneous in nature, depending on the surgical procedure, and that these changes may have long-term impacts on outcome. Therefore, 3D regional strain may be used to identify patients at risk for worsened postoperative outcomes, allowing early interventions to mitigate risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Howard-Quijano
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles Health System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Emily Methangkool
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles Health System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jennifer C. Scovotti
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles Health System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Einat Mazor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles Health System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tristan R. Grogan
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles Health System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Wolf B. Kratzert
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles Health System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aman Mahajan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles Health System, Los Angeles, California
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24
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Beitner N, Jenner J, Sörensson P. Comparison of Left Ventricular Volumes Measured by 3DE, SPECT and CMR. J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 27:200-211. [PMID: 31161750 PMCID: PMC6669182 DOI: 10.4250/jcvi.2019.27.e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information regarding left ventricular (LV) volume and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) has major diagnostic and prognostic value when assessing patients after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We aimed to investigate the agreement between measurement of LV volumes and LVEF by three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in patients in a stable phase after STEMI. METHODS Fifteen patients underwent examinations by 3DE, SPECT and CMR three months after STEMI. RESULTS There was a significant bias in end-diastolic volume (EDV) measured by 3DE (–64 mL, p < 0.001) and SPECT (–55 mL, p < 0.001) compared with that measured by CMR. This was also the case for end-systolic volume (ESV) measured by 3DE (–36 mL, p < 0.001) and SPECT (–28 mL, p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between 3DE and SPECT for EDV or ESV. However, LVEF did not differ between the three methods. The agreement between all three methods was moderate (intra-class correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.44) for LV volume and good for LVEF (ICC = 0.72). CONCLUSIONS LV volumes assessed by 3DE did not differ from SPECT, and despite larger LV volumes by CMR, measurements of LVEF showed good agreement between all three methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Beitner
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Jenner
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Peder Sörensson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Jenner J, Sörensson P, Pernow J, Caidahl K, Eriksson MJ. Contrast Enhancement and Image Quality Influence Two- and Three-dimensional Echocardiographic Determination of Left Ventricular Volumes: Comparison With Magnetic Resonance Imaging. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2019; 13:1179546819831980. [PMID: 30858745 PMCID: PMC6402058 DOI: 10.1177/1179546819831980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of image quality and contrast enhancement (CE) on left ventricular (LV) volume determination by two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography (2DE/3DE). Methods: We studied 32 post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients without (2DE/3DE) and with CE (CE2DE/CE3DE), in comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Results: Two-dimensional echocardiography showed the largest negative bias versus CMR for diastolic and systolic volumes (−59, −28 mL, respectively) with lower biases for CE2DE (−37, −22 mL), 3DE (−31, −17 mL), and CE3DE (−17, −11 mL). Bias for ejection fraction (EF) ranged from −2.1% for 2DE to +1.4% for CE3DE. Agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC) for EF between CMR and 3DE (0.86 without and 0.85 with contrast) was better than for 2DE (0.73 without and 0.69 with contrast). The inter-/intra-observer coefficients of variation for EF varied from 16%/10% (2DE) to 6.9%/6.6% (CE2DE), and 8.3%/4.8% (3DE) to 6.7%/6.8% (CE3DE), respectively. The agreement (ICC) with CMR for EF measured by 2DE/3DE changed from 0.64/0.84 with poor image quality to 0.81/0.87 with moderate to good image quality. Conclusions: Three-dimensional echocardiography was more accurate than 2DE for estimating LV volumes, with less inter-/intra-observer variability in EF values. Contrast enhancement improved accuracy for both 2DE and 3DE and improved the inter-observer variability of EF estimates for 2DE and 3DE. Image quality had more impact on the agreement of EF values with CMR for 2DE than for 3DE. Our results emphasize the importance of using the same technique for longitudinal studies of LV EF and specially LV volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Jenner
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peder Sörensson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Pernow
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Caidahl
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria J Eriksson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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Mohanty S, Solomon A. The left ventricle in atrial septal defect: Looking through 3D glasses. Echocardiography 2019; 36:577-584. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.14269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Use of Speckle Tracking Echocardiography to Assess Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Patients with Surgically Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: Global and Segmental Assessment. Pediatr Cardiol 2018; 39:1669-1675. [PMID: 30105466 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-018-1950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rToF) can have significant right and left ventricular dysfunction which can impact clinical outcome. Conventional echocardiographic evaluation using ejection fraction can be limited in detecting early stages of deteriorating left ventricular (LV) systolic function. Speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) provides a promising emerging tool for early detection of LV systolic dysfunction. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the left ventricular global and regional function using STE in rToF patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction to detect early signs of LV dysfunction. The study is a retrospective review of the medical records and transthoracic echocardiograms of rTOF patients who were seen in the pediatric cardiology clinic at our institution from August 2016 till May 2018. The rTOF group was compared with a matched healthy control group. Offline strain analysis of TTE studies was completed in each subject according to mode set by the American Society of Echocardiography. Twenty-two patients with rTOF and 22 age-matched controls (rTOF 18.7 ± 6 years and control 14.6 ± 9.6 years, P value 0.19) were included during the study period. The rTOF group consisted of 12 males and 10 females, whereas the control group consisted of 15 males and 7 females. There was no significant difference in terms of LV ejection fraction using both 2-chamber as well as 4-chamber views. Global LV longitudinal strain was significantly lower in the rTOF group compared with the control group (rTOF - 15.92 ± 3.16 vs control - 22.79 ± 2.45, P value 0.00). All 17 segments showed significantly lower longitudinal strains in rTOF group compared with the control group. Global circumferential left ventricle strain was significantly lower in the rTOF patients compared with the control group (- 17.24 ± 5.86 vs - 22.74 ± 3.99, P value 0.001). 13 out of 16 segments had lower circumferential strains in the rTOF patients compared with controls. Asymptomatic surgically repaired TOF patients exhibited abnormal segmental and global left ventricle longitudinal and circumferential strains despite having normal left ventricle ejection fraction. Our findings suggest subclinical damage to the left ventricle systolic function post-surgical repair of TOF. 2-D speckle-tracking echocardiography may be used as a valuable method in the early recognition of left myocardial systolic function impairment in patients after TOF repair. The application of this method to guide clinical decision and management of rTOF patients such as earlier pulmonary valve replacement or risk stratification for sudden cardiac death needs further investigation.
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28
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Dawes TJW, de Marvao A, Shi W, Rueckert D, Cook SA, O'Regan DP. Identifying the optimal regional predictor of right ventricular global function: a high-resolution three-dimensional cardiac magnetic resonance study. Anaesthesia 2018; 74:312-320. [PMID: 30427059 PMCID: PMC6767156 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Right ventricular (RV) function has prognostic value in acute, chronic and peri‐operative disease, although the complex RV contractile pattern makes rapid assessment difficult. Several two‐dimensional (2D) regional measures estimate RV function, however the optimal measure is not known. High‐resolution three‐dimensional (3D) cardiac magnetic resonance cine imaging was acquired in 300 healthy volunteers and a computational model of RV motion created. Points where regional function was significantly associated with global function were identified and a 2D, optimised single‐point marker (SPM‐O) of global function developed. This marker was prospectively compared with tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), septum‐freewall displacement (SFD) and their fractional change (TAPSE‐F, SFD‐F) in a test cohort of 300 patients in the prediction of RV ejection fraction. RV ejection fraction was significantly associated with systolic function in a contiguous 7.3 cm2 patch of the basal RV freewall combining transverse (38%), longitudinal (35%) and circumferential (27%) contraction and coinciding with the four‐chamber view. In the test cohort, all single‐point surrogates correlated with RV ejection fraction (p < 0.010), but correlation (R) was higher for SPM‐O (R = 0.44, p < 0.001) than TAPSE (R = 0.24, p < 0.001) and SFD (R = 0.22, p < 0.001), and non‐significantly higher than TAPSE‐F (R = 0.40, p < 0.001) and SFD‐F (R = 0.43, p < 0.001). SPM‐O explained more of the observed variance in RV ejection fraction (19%) and predicted it more accurately than any other 2D marker (median error 2.8 ml vs 3.6 ml, p < 0.001). We conclude that systolic motion of the basal RV freewall predicts global function more accurately than other 2D estimators. However, no markers summarise 3D contractile patterns, limiting their predictive accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J W Dawes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A de Marvao
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - W Shi
- Department of Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D Rueckert
- Department of Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S A Cook
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Cardiology, Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - D P O'Regan
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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29
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Ejection Fraction Pros and Cons. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 72:2360-2379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Kanar BG, Sunbul M, Sahin AA, Dogan Z, Tigen MK. Evaluation of right atrial volumes and functions by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography in patients after acute inferior myocardial infarction. Echocardiography 2018; 35:1806-1811. [PMID: 30192408 DOI: 10.1111/echo.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Right ventricle (RV) involvement causes acute systolic and diastolic functional alterations in the RV in patients after inferior myocardial infarction (IMI), which may result in an increase in left ventricle (LV) end-diastolic and right atrial (RA) pressure. In our study, we sought to evaluate RA volumes and mechanical functions using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) in IMI patients with or without RV involvement. METHODS Ninety-six consecutive patients with IMI (mean age: 59.7 ± 10.2 years, 60 female) were included. RV myocardial involvement (RVMI) was defined as the presence of a culprit lesion at the proximal portion of the first RV marginal branch in coronary angiography. The study population was divided into two groups: IMI (58.3%) and IMI + RVMI (41.7%). Patients were evaluated using conventional two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and RT3DE. RESULTS In RT3DE measurements, IMI + RVMI patients had significantly higher RA phasic volumes and worse conduit mechanical function. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that an RT3DE RA maximum volume (Vmax) index > 27.9 mL/m2 was an independent predictor of RV involvement in patients after acute IMI, with a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 89.3%. CONCLUSIONS Right ventricle involvement may cause an increase in RA phasic volumes and deterioration of conduit function in patients with acute IMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batur Gonenc Kanar
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Sunbul
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Anıl Sahin
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zekeriya Dogan
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kursat Tigen
- Department of Cardiology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Adjunctive left anterior line ablation induced left atrial dysfunction and dyssynchrony in atrial fibrillation ablation. Heart Vessels 2018; 34:331-342. [PMID: 30088055 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-018-1238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of adjunctive left anterior line (LAL) ablation on LA dyssynchrony and function using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) in connection with thromboembolic complications and tachyarrhythmia recurrence in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). We randomly and prospectively assigned consecutive persistent AF patients to the LAL (n = 52, 65 ± 7 years) and control groups (n = 50, 64 ± 10 years). In the LAL group, extensive encircling pulmonary vein isolation (EEPVI), roof line ablation, and LAL ablation regardless of the extent of the low-voltage area (LVA) were performed. The control group underwent EEPVI and roof line ablation. After ablation, 3DE demonstrated LA dyssynchrony in 23 (46%) and 4 patients (8%, P < 0.001) of the LAL and control groups, respectively. Baseline LA LVAs were relatively small in most patients and there were no significant differences in extent of LVA between control and LAL groups or between patients with and without dyssynchrony. During the follow-up periods (771 ± 121 days), patients with LA dyssynchrony in the LAL group did not show significant differences in symptomatic thromboembolic events (0%) and atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence (39%) from patients without LA dyssynchrony in the LAL (0% and 30%) and control groups (0% and 32%, respectively). LA ejection fraction and active emptying fraction were lower by 9% on average in the LAL group than in the control group (P < 0.0001). Similarly, in the LAL group, LA ejection fraction, active emptying fraction, and expansion index were significantly lower by approximately 7%, 8%, and 15%, respectively, in LA with dyssynchrony than those in LA without dyssynchrony. In conclusion, LA dyssynchrony and LA hypofunction were induced by LAL ablation in patients with persistent AF and relatively mild LVA. LAL ablation with or without LA dyssynchrony is thought not to affect thromboembolic complications or atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence.
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32
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Shawky AM, Hamdy RM, Elmadbouly AA. Clinical utility of left ventricular strain, wall stress and serum brain natriuretic peptide levels in chronic hemodialysis patients. Egypt Heart J 2018; 70:329-335. [PMID: 30591751 PMCID: PMC6303356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehj.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) reliably assesses LV systolic function. The precise relation between LV wall stress and serum Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations in hemodialysis (HD) patients needs to be clarified. BNP levels are raised in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and could reflect LV impairment among HD patients. Aim of this work This study sought to evaluate the clinical utility of LV-GLS, wall stress and serum BNP levels in chronic HD patients. The correlations between BNP levels with both LV wall stress and LV-GLS were assessed. Patients and methods 30 ESRD patients on regular HD {categorized into 15 patients with LV ejection fraction (EF) ≤ 50% and 15 patients with LV EF > 50%} and 15-age matched healthy subjects were included. LV function and structure were assessed by conventional echocardiography including LV meridional wall stress (LVMWS), LV mass index (LVMI) and 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography for determination of LV-GLS. Serum BNP levels were evaluated after HD session. Results There were significant increase of LVMSW (189.2 ± 81 vs. 72.2 ± 20.6 dynes/cm2 × 1000, P < 0.0001), higher levels of BNP (1238 ± 1085.5 vs. 71 ± 23.4 pg/ml, P < 0.0001) while LV-GLS was significantly reduced (15.1 ± 3.1 vs. 20.8 ± 1.7%, P < 0.0001) in HD patients compared to controls. Higher values of LVMWS (246.9 ± 67.5 vs. 131.5 ± 43.6 dynes/cm2 × 1000, P < 0.0001) and BNP (1925.4 ± 1087 vs. 550.5 ± 496.5 pg/ml, P < 0.0005) with further impairment of LV-GLS (13.8 ± 2.5 vs. 16.4 ± 5.4%, P < 0.05) were found in patients with LV EF ≤ 50% than those with LV EF > 50%. Serum levels of BNP were positively correlated with LVMI (r = 0.896, P < 0.0001) and LVMWS (r = 0.697, P < 0.0001) but negatively correlated with LV-GLS (r = −0.587, P < 0.0001). Conclusion LV-GLS and LVMWS are useful imaging markers for detection of LV dysfunction in HD patients. Serum BNP level is influenced by LV structural abnormalities and suggested to be a crucial hemodynamic biomarker in those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Shawky
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine (for girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Hamdy
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine (for girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Elmadbouly
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (for girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Matthews S, Levy PD, Favot M, Gowland L, Abidov A. Three-dimensional echocardiography in acute heart failure: Can and should we do it in the emergency department? Echocardiography 2018; 35:692-694. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.14011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sajith Matthews
- Department of Internal Medicine; Wayne State University; Detroit MI USA
| | - Phillip D. Levy
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Wayne State University; Detroit MI USA
| | - Mark Favot
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Wayne State University; Detroit MI USA
| | - Laura Gowland
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Wayne State University; Detroit MI USA
| | - Aiden Abidov
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Cardiology; Wayne State University and John D. Dingell VA Medical Center; Detroit MI USA
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Panayiotou M, Housden RJ, Ishak A, Brost A, Rinaldi CA, Sieniewicz B, Behar JM, Kurzendorfer T, Rhode KS. LV function validation of computer-assisted interventional system for cardiac resyncronisation therapy. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2018; 13:777-786. [PMID: 29603064 PMCID: PMC5974009 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-018-1748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is an established treatment for symptomatic patients with heart failure, a prolonged QRS duration, and impaired left ventricular (LV) function; however, non-response rates remain high. Recently proposed computer-assisted interventional platforms for CRT provide new routes to improving outcomes. Interventional systems must process information in an accurate, fast and highly automated way that is easy for the interventional cardiologists to use. In this paper, an interventional CRT platform is validated against two offline diagnostic tools to demonstrate that accurate information processing is possible in the time critical interventional setting. METHODS The study consisted of 3 healthy volunteers and 16 patients with heart failure and conventional criteria for CRT. Data analysis included the calculation of end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, stroke volume and ejection fraction; computation of global volume over the cardiac cycle as well as time to maximal contraction expressed as a percentage of the total cardiac cycle. RESULTS The results showed excellent correlation ([Formula: see text] values of [Formula: see text] and Pearson correlation coefficient of [Formula: see text]) with comparable offline diagnostic tools. CONCLUSION Results confirm that our interventional system has good accuracy in everyday clinical practice and can be of clinical utility in identification of CRT responders and LV function assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Panayiotou
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - R James Housden
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Athanasius Ishak
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Christopher A Rinaldi
- Department of Cardiology, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Sieniewicz
- Department of Cardiology, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jonathan M Behar
- Department of Cardiology, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Kawal S Rhode
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK
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Muraru D, Cecchetto A, Cucchini U, Zhou X, Lang RM, Romeo G, Vannan M, Mihaila S, Miglioranza MH, Iliceto S, Badano LP. Intervendor Consistency and Accuracy of Left Ventricular Volume Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2018; 31:158-168.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Macatangay C, Viles-Gonzalez JF, Goldberger JJ. Role of Cardiac Imaging in Evaluating Risk for Sudden Cardiac Death. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2017; 9:639-650. [PMID: 29173407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major cause of death from cardiovascular disease. Our ability to predict patients at the highest risk of developing lethal ventricular arrhythmias remains limited. Despite recent studies evaluating risk stratification tools, there is no optimal strategy. Cardiac imaging provides the opportunity to assess left ventricular ejection fraction, strain, fibrosis, and sympathetic innervation, all of which are pathophysiologically related to SCD risk. These modalities may play a role in the identification of vulnerable anatomic substrates that provide the pathophysiologic basis for SCD. Further studies are required to identify optimal imaging platform for risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constancia Macatangay
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Juan F Viles-Gonzalez
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Goldberger
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Zhang Q, Wang JF, Dong QQ, Yan Q, Luo XH, Wu XY, Liu J, Sun YP. Evaluation of left atrial volume and function using single-beat real-time three-dimensional echocardiography in atrial fibrillation patients. BMC Med Imaging 2017; 17:44. [PMID: 28732493 PMCID: PMC5521085 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-017-0215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE) measurement of left atrial (LA) volume and function in comparison with two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) measurements in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. METHODS A total of 50 pairs of AF patients and healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Indexed LA end-diastole volume (ILAEDV) and indexed LA end-systolic volume (ILAESV), as well as LA function indices such as segmental LA ejection fraction (LAEF), were assessed using 2DE Simpson's method and the RT-3DE method. RESULTS The images showed that regional LA volume-time curves and LAEF were disordered in AF patients. ILAEDV and ILAESV were markedly increased and global LAEF was significantly decreased in AF patients compared with those in healthy controls (P < 0.01). No significant differences were found in ILAEDV, ILAESV, and LAEF levels as determined by the RT-3DE method or 2DE Simpson's method. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the two methods agreed well for measuring ILAEDV, ILAESV, and segmental LAEF. CONCLUSION The RT-3DE method may be a feasible and accurate method for evaluating LA volume and function of AF patients in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Ju-Fang Wang
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Qing-Qing Dong
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Qing Yan
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Luo
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xue-Ying Wu
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Ya-Ping Sun
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Reibis R, Salzwedel A, Bonaventura K, Völler H, Wegscheider K. Improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction in revascularized postmyocardial patients: indication for statistical fallacy. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:244. [PMID: 28679419 PMCID: PMC5498920 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤30% is the most powerful prognostic indicator for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients after myocardial infarction (MI), but there are little data about long-term
changes of LVEF after revascularization and the following implantation of a cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 277 patients with reduced LVEF at least 1 month after MI and complete revascularization. Patients (median time post-MI 23.4 months; 74.3% after PCI, 25.7% after CABG were assigned either to group 1 (LVEF <30%) or group 2 (LVEF 30–40%). Biplane echocardiography was redone after a mean follow-up of 441 ± 220 days. Results LVEF increased significantly in both two groups (group 1: 26.2 ± 4.8% to 32.4 ± 8.5%; p < 0.001; group 2: 38.2 ± 2.5% to 44.4 ± 9.6%; p < 0.001). However, statistical analysis of first and second LVEF measurement by means of a LOWESS regression and with an appropriate correction of the regression towards the mean effect revealed only a moderate increase of the mean LVEF from 35 to 37% (p < 0.001) with a large interindividual variation. Conclusions The impact of early revascularization on LVEF appears to be low in the majority of post-MI heart failure patients. Owing to the high variability, a single measurement may not be reliable enough to justify a decision on ICD indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rona Reibis
- Cardiological Outpatient Clinic Am Park Sanssouci, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Annett Salzwedel
- Center of Rehabilitation Research, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Haus 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Klaus Bonaventura
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Ernst von Bergmann Hospital, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Heinz Völler
- Center of Rehabilitation Research, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Haus 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany. .,Department of Cardiology, Klinik am See, Rehabilitation Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruedersdorf, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Karl Wegscheider
- Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Simoni LJC, Brandão SCS. New Imaging Methods for Detection of Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Cancer Patients. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-017-9415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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40
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Ivanov A, Mohamed A, Asfour A, Ho J, Khan SA, Chen O, Klem I, Ramasubbu K, Brener SJ, Heitner JF. Right atrial volume by cardiovascular magnetic resonance predicts mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173245. [PMID: 28369148 PMCID: PMC5378325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Right Atrial Volume Index (RAVI) measured by echocardiography is an independent predictor of morbidity in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictive value of RAVI assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for all-cause mortality in patients with HFrEF and to assess its additive contribution to the validated Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic heart failure (MAGGIC) score. Methods and results We identified 243 patients (mean age 60 ± 15; 33% women) with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35% measured by CMR. Right atrial volume was calculated based on area in two- and four -chamber views using validated equation, followed by indexing to body surface area. MAGGIC score was calculated using online calculator. During mean period of 2.4 years 33 patients (14%) died. The mean RAVI was 53 ± 26 ml/m2; significantly larger in patients with than without an event (78.7±29 ml/m2 vs. 48±22 ml/m2, p<0.001). RAVI (per ml/m2) was an independent predictor of mortality [HR = 1.03 (1.01–1.04), p = 0.001]. RAVI has a greater discriminatory ability than LVEF, left atrial volume index and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) (C-statistic 0.8±0.08 vs 0.55±0.1, 0.62±0.11, 0.68±0.11, respectively, all p<0.02). The addition of RAVI to the MAGGIC score significantly improves risk stratification (integrated discrimination improvement 13%, and category-free net reclassification improvement 73%, both p<0.001). Conclusion RAVI by CMR is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with HFrEF. The addition of RAVI to MAGGIC score improves mortality risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ivanov
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Ambreen Mohamed
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Asfour
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Jean Ho
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Saadat A. Khan
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Onn Chen
- Department of Medicine, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Igor Klem
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kumudha Ramasubbu
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Sorin J. Brener
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - John F. Heitner
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Howard-Quijano K, Salem A, Barkulis C, Mazor E, Scovotti JC, Ho JK, Shemin RJ, Grogan T, Elashoff D, Mahajan A. Preoperative Three-Dimensional Strain Imaging Identifies Reduction in Left Ventricular Function and Predicts Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery. Anesth Analg 2017; 124:419-428. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000001440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Aggeli C, Felekos I, Tousoulis D. MRI in all MR patients: Is this the "Gold Standard" approach? Hellenic J Cardiol 2016; 57:455-456. [PMID: 27890628 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Constantina Aggeli
- First Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Felekos
- First Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- First Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
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D'Elia N, D'hooge J, Marwick TH. Association Between Myocardial Mechanics and Ischemic LV Remodeling. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2016; 8:1430-1443. [PMID: 26699112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The outcomes associated with heart failure after myocardial infarction are still poor. Both global and regional left ventricular (LV) remodeling are associated with the progression of the post-infarct patient to heart failure, but although global remodeling can be accurately measured, regional LV remodeling has been more difficult to investigate. Preliminary evidence suggests that post-MI assessment of LV mechanics using stress and strain may predict global (and possibly regional) LV remodeling. A method of predicting both global and regional LV remodeling might facilitate earlier, targeted, and more extensive clinical intervention in those most likely to benefit from novel interventions such as cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D'Elia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jan D'hooge
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas H Marwick
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
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Oyedeji AT, Egbewale BE, Akintunde AA, Ajayi EA, Owojori OO, Balogun MO. Volume Measurements in Aortic Root Assessment Using Two-Dimensional Echocardiography. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2016; 10:91-7. [PMID: 27398033 PMCID: PMC4927106 DOI: 10.4137/cmc.s39383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic dilatation is associated with the presence of aortic diseases. Current guidelines for assessing the aortic root (AoR) depend on linear measurements acquired by two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography. We considered that real-time three-dimensional echocardiography, which correlates better with AoR volume obtained by computed tomography, is widely unavailable, and therefore, there is a need to determine the AoR volume using 2D echocardiography. METHODS Fifty-one consecutive apparently healthy volunteers were recruited and subsequently divided into three age groups. Specified planes of acquisition and previously defined landmarks were identified, and phases of the cardiac cycle that allowed for measurement standardization were used. Volume was determined by the modified Simpson’s method. RESULTS Although the average diastolic and systolic volume measurements of the AoR dimensions were not significantly different across the three age groups in the study population, a highly significant difference was observed in the volume measurements between male and female normotensive persons, P < 0.01 in each case. AoR volume measurements were five times in the diseased compared with the normotensive individuals; however, linear measurements were only 1.5 times in size of the normal individuals. Both point and interval estimates of the volume measurements of AoR in adult normotensives in three age groups were presented as baseline information. CONCLUSIONS We hereby present a novel way to determine the AoR volume using 2D echocardiography and the normal reference range with respect to age and gender. We also established the relevance of our measurement by comparing the normal population with two isolated diseased aortas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adebayo T Oyedeji
- Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Bolaji E Egbewale
- Department of Community Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Adeseye A Akintunde
- Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer A Ajayi
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Olukolade O Owojori
- Department of Stroke and Acute Medicine, Doncaster and Bassetlaw NHS Trust, Bassetlaw Hospital, Worksop. UK
| | - Michael O Balogun
- Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Marino M, Corsi C, Maffessanti F, Patel AR, Mor-Avi V. Objective selection of short-axis slices for automated quantification of left ventricular size and function by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Clin Imaging 2016; 40:617-23. [PMID: 27317206 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantification of left ventricular (LV) volume from cardiovascular magnetic resonance images relies on subjective and often challenging selection of short-axis (SAX) slices. We hypothesized that this could be solved by defining mitral annular (MA) plane and apex in long-axis (LAX) views, which could be combined with automated LV volume analysis that does not rely on manual tracing of the endocardial border. METHODS SAX images from 50 subjects were analyzed using custom software. LV apex and insertion points of the mitral leaflets were marked on LAX views and used to approximate MA plane. End-systolic and end-diastolic LV volumes (ESV, EDV) were measured while including only slices or their parts located between MA plane and LV apex. Endocardial borders were automatically detected using our previously validated algorithm and also manually traced to obtain reference values. RESULTS Selection of anatomic landmarks in LAX views allowed automated measurement of LV volumes without the need for subjective slice selection. Intertechnique comparisons resulted in high correlations (EDV: r=0.95; ESV: r=0.96) and small biases (1 and 9ml). Combined three-dimensional displays of LAX and SAX views with the MA plane showed that in 7/10 worst cases, intertechnique discordance was due to incorrect manual tracing at LV base that erroneously included part of atrial cavity in LV volume or excluded part of LV cavity, i.e., incorrect reference values. CONCLUSION Defining the MA plane and apex in the LAX views obviates the need for subjective slice selection and eliminates errors in LV volume measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Marino
- Department of Electrical, Electronics and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiana Corsi
- Department of Electrical, Electronics and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Amit R Patel
- University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography: never before clinical efficacy looked so picturesque. Int J Cardiol 2015; 198:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rao SV, Zeymer U, Douglas PS, Al-Khalidi H, Liu J, Gibson CM, Harrison RW, Joseph DS, Heyrman R, Krucoff MW. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intracoronary application of a novel bioabsorbable cardiac matrix for the prevention of ventricular remodeling after large ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Rationale and design of the PRESERVATION I trial. Am Heart J 2015; 170:929-37. [PMID: 26542501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Postinfarction left ventricular (LV) remodeling can result in chronic heart failure and functional impairment. Although pharmacological strategies for established heart failure can be beneficial, preventing remodeling remains a challenge. Injectable bioabsorbable alginate or "bioabsorbable cardiac matrix" (BCM), composed of an aqueous mixture of sodium alginate and calcium gluconate, is a sterile colorless liquid that is a polysaccharide polymer produced from brown seaweed. When exposed to excess ionized calcium present in infarcted myocardium, BCM assembles to form a flexible gel, structurally resembling extracellular matrix, which provides temporary structural support to the infarct zone through and beyond the time needed for mature fibrotic tissue to develop. The PRESERVATION I trial is an early phase randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing intracoronary application of 4 mL of BCM with saline control in patients who develop large infarctions after successful reperfusion of large ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (MI). Subjects will be randomized 2:1 to either BCM or saline control and will have the study device deployed through an intracoronary microcatheter in the infarct-related artery 2 to 5 days after index ST-segment elevation MI treated with successful primary or rescue percutaneous coronary intervention. The primary effectiveness end point is the absolute change in LV diastolic volume index as measured by 3-dimensional echocardiography from baseline to 6 months after BCM deployment. Secondary effectiveness end points include clinical outcomes, patient-reported quality of life, additional echocardiographic measures, and functional status measures. In summary, the PRESERVATION I trial is a randomized double-blind trial evaluating the effectiveness and safety of the novel device BCM in preventing LV remodeling patients who have large MIs despite undergoing successful primary or rescue percutaneous coronary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil V Rao
- The Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC.
| | - Uwe Zeymer
- Herzzentrum Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | | | | | - Jingyu Liu
- Bellerophon Therapeutics, Inc, Hampton, NJ
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Zhong SW, Zhang YQ, Chen LJ, Wang SS, Li WH. Evaluation of Left Ventricular Volumes and Function by Real Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography in Children with Functional Single Left Ventricle: A Comparison between QLAB and TomTec. Echocardiography 2015; 32:1554-63. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wen Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics; Shanghai Children's Medical Center; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Yu-Qi Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology; Shanghai Children's Medical Center; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology; Shanghai Children's Medical Center; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics; Shanghai Children's Medical Center; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Wei-Hua Li
- Department of Pediatrics; Shanghai Children's Medical Center; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
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Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) Is a Superior Predictor of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality When Compared to Ejection Fraction in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127044. [PMID: 25978372 PMCID: PMC4433230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Echocardiographic global longitudinal strain (GLS) is increasingly recognised as a more effective technique than conventional ejection fraction (EF) in detecting subtle changes in left ventricular (LV) function. This study investigated the prognostic value of GLS over EF in patients with advanced Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Methods The study included 183 patients (57% male, 63% on dialysis) with CKD stage 4, 5 and 5Dialysis (D). 112 (61%) of patients died in a follow up of 7.8 ± 4.4 years and 41% of deaths were due to cardiovascular (CV) disease. GLS was calculated using 2-dimensional speckle tracking and EF was measured using Simpson’s biplane method. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association of measures of LV function and all- cause and CV mortality. Results The mean GLS at baseline was -13.6 ± 4.3% and EF was 45 ± 11%. GLS was a significant predictor of all-cause [Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.09 95%; Confidence Interval (CI) 1.02–1.16; p = 0.01] and CV mortality (HR 1.16 95%; CI 1.04–1.30; p = 0.008) following adjustment for relevant clinical variables including LV mass index (LVMI) and EF. GLS also had greater predictive power for both all- cause and CV mortality compared to EF. Impaired GLS (>-16%) was associated with a 5.6-fold increased unadjusted risk of CV mortality in patients with preserved EF. Conclusions In this cohort of patients with advanced CKD, GLS is a more sensitive predictor of overall and CV mortality compared to EF. Studies of larger populations in CKD are required to confirm that GLS provides additive prognostic value in patients with preserved EF.
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Impact of left ventricular conduction defect with or without need for permanent right ventricular pacing on functional and clinical recovery after TAVR. Clin Res Cardiol 2015; 104:964-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00392-015-0865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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