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Wyler von Ballmoos MC, Hui DS, Mehaffey JH, Malaisrie SC, Vardas PN, Gillinov AM, Sundt TM, Badhwar V. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg 2024; 118:291-310. [PMID: 38286206 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation incorporate the most recent evidence for surgical ablation and left atrial appendage occlusion in different clinical scenarios. Substantial new evidence regarding the risks and benefits of surgical left atrial appendage occlusion and the long-term benefits of surgical ablation has been produced in the last 5 years. Compared with the 2017 clinical practice guideline, the current update has an emphasis on surgical ablation in first-time, nonemergent cardiac surgery and its long-term benefits, an extension of the recommendation to perform surgical ablation in all patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing first-time, nonemergent cardiac surgery, and a new class I recommendation for left atrial appendage occlusion in all patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing first-time, nonemergent cardiac surgery. Further guidance is provided for patients with structural heart disease and atrial fibrillation being considered for transcatheter valve repair or replacement, as well as patients in need of isolated left atrial appendage management who are not candidates for surgical ablation. The importance of a multidisciplinary team assessment, treatment planning, and long-term follow-up are reiterated in this clinical practice guideline with a class I recommendation, along with the other recommendations from the 2017 guidelines that remained unchanged in their class of recommendation and level of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawn S Hui
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - J Hunter Mehaffey
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - S Chris Malaisrie
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Panos N Vardas
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - A Marc Gillinov
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thoralf M Sundt
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vinay Badhwar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
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Szotek M, Drużbicki Ł, Sabatowski K, Amoroso GR, De Schouwer K, Matusik PT. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation and Cardiac Conduction Abnormalities: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Management. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6056. [PMID: 37762995 PMCID: PMC10531796 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12186056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or replacement (TAVR) has become a potential, widely accepted, and effective method of treating aortic stenosis in patients at moderate and high surgical risk and those disqualified from surgery. The method evolved what translates into a noticeable decrease in the incidence of complications and more beneficial clinical outcomes. However, the incidence of conduction abnormalities related to TAVI, including left bundle branch block and complete or second-degree atrioventricular block (AVB), remains high. The occurrence of AVB requiring permanent pacemaker implantation is associated with a worse prognosis in this group of patients. The identification of risk factors for conduction disturbances requiring pacemaker placement and the assessment of their relation to pacing dependence may help to develop methods of optimal care, including preventive measures, for patients undergoing TAVI. This approach is crucial given the emerging evidence of no worse outcomes for intermediate and low-risk patients undergoing TAVI in comparison to surgical aortic valve replacement. This paper comprehensively discusses the mechanisms, risk factors, and consequences of conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias, including AVB, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular arrhythmias associated with aortic stenosis and TAVI, as well as provides insights into optimized patient care, along with the potential of conduction system pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy, to minimize the risk of unfavorable clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Szotek
- Department of Electrocardiology, The John Paul II Hospital, 80 Prądnicka St., 31-202 Kraków, Poland
| | - Łukasz Drużbicki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, The John Paul II Hospital, 80 Prądnicka St., 31-202 Kraków, Poland
| | - Karol Sabatowski
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital, 2 Jakubowskiego St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Gisella R. Amoroso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, “SS Annunziata” Hospital, ASL CN1-Savigliano, Via Ospedali 9, 12038 Savigliano, Italy
| | - Koen De Schouwer
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Onze-Lieve-Vrouwziekenhuis Hospital, Moorselbaan 164, 9300 Aalst, Belgium
| | - Paweł T. Matusik
- Department of Electrocardiology, The John Paul II Hospital, 80 Prądnicka St., 31-202 Kraków, Poland
- Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Prądnicka St., 31-202 Kraków, Poland
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Proietti R, Rivera-Caravaca JM, Harrison SL, Buckley BJR, López-Gálvez R, Marín F, Fairbairn T, Madine J, Akhtar R, Underhill P, Field M, Lip GYH. Thoracic aortic aneurysm and atrial fibrillation: clinical associations with the risk of stroke from a global federated health network analysis. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:423-428. [PMID: 36640228 PMCID: PMC10017617 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-022-03184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association with aortic aneurysm has been reported among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of thoracic aorta aneurysm (TAA) among patients with AF and to assess whether the co-presence of TAA is associated with a higher risk of adverse clinical outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS Using TriNetX, a global federated health research network of anonymised electronic medical records, all adult patients with AF, were categorised into two groups based on the presence of AF and TAA or AF alone. Between 1 January 2017 and 1 January 2019, 874,212 people aged ≥ 18 years with AF were identified. Of these 17,806 (2.04%) had a TAA. After propensity score matching (PSM), 17,805 patients were included in each of the two cohorts. During the 3 years of follow-up, 3079 (17.3%) AF patients with TAA and 2772 (15.6%) patients with AF alone, developed an ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). The risk of ischemic stroke/TIA was significantly higher in patients with AF and TAA (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04-1.15; log-rank p value < 0.001) The risk of major bleeding was higher in patients with AF and TAA (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.14), but not significant in time-dependent analysis (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.98-1.10; log-rank p value = 0.187), CONCLUSION: This retrospective analysis reports a clinical concomitance of the two medical conditions, and shows in a PSM analysis an increased risk of ischemic events in patients affected by TAA and AF compared to AF alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Proietti
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - José Miguel Rivera-Caravaca
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de La Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, Murcia, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Stephanie Lucy Harrison
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Benjamin James Roy Buckley
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Raquel López-Gálvez
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de La Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Marín
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de La Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, Murcia, Spain
| | - Timothy Fairbairn
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jillian Madine
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GH, UK
| | | | - Mark Field
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Yoke Hong Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Nuche J, Panagides V, Nault I, Mesnier J, Paradis JM, de Larochellière R, Kalavrouziotis D, Dumont E, Mohammadi S, Philippon F, Rodés-Cabau J. Incidence and clinical impact of tachyarrhythmic events following transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A review. Heart Rhythm 2022; 19:1890-1898. [PMID: 35952981 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is well established for treating severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. Whereas broad information on the epidemiology, clinical implications, and management of bradyarrhythmias after TAVR is available, data about tachyarrhythmic events remain scarce. Despite the progressively lower risk profile of TAVR patients and the improvement in device characteristics and operator skills, approximately 10% of patients develop new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) after TAVR. The proportion of patients in whom NOAF actually corresponds to previously undiagnosed silent atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been properly determined. The transapical approach, the need for pre- or post- balloon dilation, and the presence of periprocedural complications have been associated with a higher risk of NOAF. Older age, left atrial volume, or worse functional class are patient-derived risk factors shared with preprocedural AF. NOAF after TAVR has been associated with poorer survival and a higher incidence of cerebrovascular events. However, patient management differs markedly among different centers, especially with regard to anticoagulation in patients with short-duration AF episodes detected in the periprocedural setting and in cases of silent NOAF detected during continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring. Evidence about ventricular arrhythmias is even more scarce than for AF. Some case reports of sudden cardiac death after TAVR in patients with a pacemaker have identified ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation in device interrogation. TAVR has been shown to reduce the arrhythmic burden, but a significant proportion of patients (16%) present with complex premature ventricular complex arrhythmias within the year after TAVR. Whether these events are related to poorer outcomes is unknown. Continuous ECG monitoring after TAVR may help describe the frequency, risk factors, and prognostic implications of tachyarrhythmias in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Nuche
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vassili Panagides
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Nault
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jules Mesnier
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Paradis
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Eric Dumont
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Siamak Mohammadi
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francois Philippon
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Josep Rodés-Cabau
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
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Long-Term Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm Is Associated with Favorable Echocardiographic Remodeling and Improved Clinical Outcomes after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051330. [PMID: 35268420 PMCID: PMC8911407 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Periprocedural atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with poor prognosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We evaluated the impact of long-term sinus rhythm (SR) maintenance on post-TAVR outcomes. We enrolled 278 patients treated with TAVR including 87 patients with periprocedural AF. Patients with periprocedural AF were classified into the AF-sinus rhythm maintained (AF-SRM) group or the sustained AF group according to long-term cardiac rhythm status after discharge. Patients without AF before or after TAVR were classified into the SR group. The primary clinical outcome was a composite of all-cause death, stroke, or heart failure rehospitalization. The AF-SRM and the SR groups showed significant improvements in left ventricular ejection fraction and left atrial volume index at one year after TAVR, while the sustained AF group did not. During 24.5 (±16.1) months of follow-up, the sustained AF group had a higher risk of the adverse clinical event compared with the AF-SRM group (hazard ratio (HR) 4.449, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.614–12.270), while the AF-SRM group had a similar risk of the adverse clinical event compared with the SR group (HR 0.737, 95% CI 0.285–1.903). In conclusion, SR maintenance after TAVR was associated with enhanced echocardiographic improvement and favorable clinical outcomes.
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Nso N, Emmanuel K, Nassar M, Bhangal R, Enoru S, Iluyomade A, Marmur JD, Ilonze OJ, Thambidorai S, Ayinde H. Impact of new-onset versus pre-existing atrial fibrillation on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement/implantation. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2022; 38:100910. [PMID: 35146118 PMCID: PMC8802123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of all primary and secondary outcomes after TAVR/TAVI. NOAF is associated with a higher risk of 30-day mortality, stroke, and extended LOS after TAVR/TAVI. Pre-AF is associated with a higher risk of AKI and early bleeding episodes after TAVR/TAVI.
Patients with aortic stenosis who undergo transcatheter aortic valve replacement/transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVR/TAVI) experience a high incidence of pre-existing atrial fibrillation (pre-AF) and new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) post-operatively. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to update current evidence concerning the incidence of 30-day mortality, stroke, acute kidney injury (AKI), length of stay (LOS), and early/late bleeding in patients with NOAF or pre-AF who undergo TAVR/TAVI. PubMed, Google Scholar, JSTOR, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for studies published between January 2012 and December 2020 reporting the association between NOAF/pre-AF and clinical complications after TAVR/TAVI. A total of 15 studies including 158,220 adult patients with TAVI/TAVR and NOAF or pre-AF were identified. Compared to patients in sinus rhythm, patients who developed NOAF had a higher risk of 30-day mortality, AKI, early bleeding events, extended LOS, and stroke after TAVR/TAVI (odds ratio [OR]: 3.18 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.58, 6.40]) (OR: 3.83 [95% CI 1.18, 12.42]) (OR: 1.70 [95% CI 1.05, 2.74]) (OR: 13.96 [95% CI, 6.41, 30.40]) (OR: 2.51 [95% CI 1.59, 3.97], respectively). Compared to patients in sinus rhythm, patients with pre-AF had a higher risk of AKI and early bleeding episodes after TAVR/TAVI (OR: 2.43 [95% CI 1.10, 5.35]) (OR: 17.41 [95% CI 6.49, 46.68], respectively). Atrial fibrillation is associated with a higher risk of all primary and secondary outcomes. Specifically, NOAF but not pre-AF is associated with a higher risk of 30-day mortality, stroke, and extended LOS after TAVR/TAVI.
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Christersson C, Held C, Modica A, Westerbergh J, Batra G. Oral anticoagulant treatment after bioprosthetic valvular intervention or valvuloplasty in patients with atrial fibrillation-A SWEDEHEART study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262580. [PMID: 35025950 PMCID: PMC8757947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To describe the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), use of oral anticoagulants (OAC) and change in antithrombotic treatment patterns during follow-up after valve intervention with a biological prosthesis or valvuloplasty. METHODS AND RESULTS All patients with history of AF or new-onset AF discharged alive after valvular intervention (biological prosthesis or valvuloplasty) between 2010-2016 in Sweden were included (n = 7,362). Information about comorbidities was collected from national patient registers. Exposure to OAC was based on pharmacy dispensation data. In total 4,800 (65.2%) patients had a history of AF, and 2,562 (34.8%) patients developed new-onset AF, with 999 (39.0%) developing new-onset AF within 3 months after intervention. The proportion of patients with biological valve prosthesis was higher in patients with new-onset AF compared to history of AF (p<0.001). CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2 was observed in 83.1% and 75.5% patients with history of AF and new-onset AF, respectively. Warfarin was more frequently dispensed than NOAC at discharge in patients with history of AF (43.9% vs 7.3%), and in patients with new-onset AF (36.6% vs 17.1%). Almost half of the AF population was not dispensed on any OAC at discharge (48.8% in patients with history of AF and 46.3% in patients with new-onset AF). CONCLUSION In this real world study of patients with AF and recent valvular intervention, risk of new-onset AF after valvular intervention is high emphasizing need for frequent rhythm monitoring after intervention. A considerable undertreatment with OAC was observed despite being indicated for the majority of the patients. Warfarin was the OAC most frequently dispensed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claes Held
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Department of Medical Sciences Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Johan Westerbergh
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gorav Batra
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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OUP accepted manuscript. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:e32-e35. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Propitious temporal changes in clinical outcomes after transcatheter compared to surgical aortic valve replacement; a meta-analysis of over 65,000 patients. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:312. [PMID: 34670586 PMCID: PMC8529762 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01689-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment of symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) has rapidly evolved over the past decade, in both transcatheter (TAVR) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), resulting in reported improved clinical outcomes. Operator experience and technical improvements have improved outcomes especially for patients undergoing TAVR. We sought to determine and compare 1-year outcomes using a contemporary meta-analysis.
Method We searched the Medline (MESH), Cochrane and Google scholar databases using keywords “AS”, “atrial fibrillation” (AFib) and “stroke”. We performed a meta-analysis to compare TAVR with SAVR populations for post-procedural stroke, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality at 1-year.
Results A total of 23 studies met criteria for analysis with total population of 66,857 patients, of which 61,913 had TAVR and 4944 had SAVR. Temporal trends demonstrated overall improvement in outcome for both, TAVR and SAVR groups through the decade. Outcomes, in terms of stroke (3.1% vs. 5%), all-cause (12.4% vs. 10.3%) and cardiovascular mortality (7.2% vs. 6.2%) were similar at 1-year, in TAVR versus SAVR, respectively. Conclusion Despite overall gradual improvement in both TAVR and SAVR outcomes over the decade, there is a statistical overlap in confidence intervals for all-cause, cardiovascular mortality and postprocedural stroke at 1-year. While 23 individual studies demonstrate considerable advantages of each technique in certain cohorts, integrating over 65,000 pts with our stratified surgical analysis suggests that TAVR is comparable to SAVR for low and intermediate risk population while superior to SAVR only in the highest-risk population for short and intermediate term outcomes. This has substantial socio-economic implications as we contemplate expanding our TAVR indications to low/intermediate risk populations.
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Khan MZ, Zahid S, Khan MU, Kichloo A, Jamal S, Minhas AMK, Ullah W, Sattar Y, Mir T, Balla S, Munir MB. Outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with and without atrial fibrillation: Insight from national inpatient sample. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 19:939-946. [PMID: 34605353 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2021.1988852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most frequent rhythm disturbance encountered in the population in general. Our study aims to evaluate the in-hospital outcomes of TAVR with AF. METHODS We used National Inpatient Sample database from 2011 to 2018. Baseline characteristics and in-hospital outcomes were evaluated in TAVR based on AF status or not in both unmatched and propensity-matched cohorts. RESULTS A total of 215,938 patients underwent TAVR during our study period and out of these AF was encountered in 89,587 (41.5%) patients. AF patients undergoing TAVR had a higher mean age and had an increased burden of key co-morbidities in the unmatched cohort. With propensity matched 1:1 analysis, AF had higher mortality as compared to no-AF group (2.4% vs. 2.1%, p < 0.01). The rate of cardiogenic shock (2.9% vs 2.1%), respiratory complications (9.9% vs 8.2%), acute kidney injury (15.6% vs 12.0%), vascular complications (5.0% vs 4.7%), and blood transfusion (10.4% vs 8.6%) was higher in TAVR patients with AF. A lower proportion of patients had routine discharge to home for TAVR with AF (80.8% vs 74.4%). Cost of hospitalization (23,0171[SD, 20,5242] vs 210,608[28,4203]) and length of stay (5.7[SD, 11.8] vs 4.29[7.2] days) were considerably higher in patients undergoing TAVR with AF. CONCLUSION Patients undergoing TAVR with concomitant AF tended to have increased mortality, complications, length, and cost of stay compared to non-AF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zia Khan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, West Virginia University Heart & Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Salman Zahid
- Department of Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Muhammad U Khan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, West Virginia University Heart & Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Asim Kichloo
- Department of Medicine, St. Mary's of Saginaw Hospital, Saginaw, MI, USA
| | - Shakeel Jamal
- Department of Medicine, St. Mary's of Saginaw Hospital, Saginaw, MI, USA
| | | | - Waqas Ullah
- Department of Medicine, Abington Jefferson Health, PA, USA
| | - Yasar Sattar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, West Virginia University Heart & Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Elmhurst Hospital Queens, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tanveer Mir
- Division of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sudarshan Balla
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, West Virginia University Heart & Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Muhammad Bilal Munir
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Shahim B, Malaisrie SC, George I, Thourani VH, Biviano AB, Russo M, Brown DL, Babaliaros V, Guyton RA, Kodali SK, Nazif TM, Kapadia S, Pibarot P, McCabe JM, Williams M, Genereux P, Lu M, Yu X, Alu M, Webb JG, Mack MJ, Leon MB, Kosmidou I. Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter Following Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: PARTNER 3 Trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 14:1565-1574. [PMID: 34294398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2021.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and prognostic impact of early and late postoperative atrial fibrillation or flutter (POAF) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). BACKGROUND There is an ongoing controversy regarding the incidence, recurrence rate, and prognostic impact of early (in-hospital) POAF and late (postdischarge) POAF in patients with AS undergoing TAVR or SAVR. METHODS In the PARTNER (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valve) 3 trial, patients with severe AS at low surgical risk were randomized to TAVR or SAVR. Analyses were performed in the as-treated population excluding patients with preexistent atrial fibrillation or flutter. RESULTS Among 781 patients included in the analysis, early POAF occurred in 152 (19.5%) (18 of 415 [4.3%] and 134 of 366 [36.6%] following TAVR and SAVR, respectively). Following discharge, 58 new or recurrent late POAF events occurred within 1 year following the index procedure in 55 of 781 patients (7.0%). Early POAF was not an independent predictor of late POAF following discharge (odds ratio: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.52-2.08; P = 0.90). Following adjustment, early POAF was not an independent predictor of the composite outcome of death, stroke, or rehospitalization (hazard ratio: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.64-1.92; P = 0.72), whereas late POAF was associated with an increased adjusted risk for the composite outcome (hazard ratio: 8.90; 95% CI: 5.02-15.74; P < 0.0001), irrespective of treatment modality. CONCLUSIONS In the PARTNER 3 trial, early POAF was more frequent following SAVR compared with TAVR. Late POAF, but not early POAF, was significantly associated with worse outcomes at 2 years, irrespective of treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahira Shahim
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - S Chris Malaisrie
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Isaac George
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vinod H Thourani
- Marcus Heart Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Angelo B Biviano
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark Russo
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | - Susheel K Kodali
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tamim M Nazif
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Philippe Pibarot
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Philippe Genereux
- Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, New Jersey, USA
| | - Michael Lu
- Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Xiao Yu
- Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Maria Alu
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - John G Webb
- St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Martin B Leon
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ioanna Kosmidou
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
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12
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Thilén M, James S, Ståhle E, Lindhagen L, Christersson C. Preoperative heart failure worsens outcome after aortic valve replacement irrespective of left ventricular ejection fraction. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2021; 8:127-134. [PMID: 33543245 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) affects outcome of valve replacement (AVR) in aortic stenosis (AS). The study aim was to investigate the prognostic importance of concomitant cardiovascular disease in relation to preoperative LVEF. METHODS AND RESULTS All adult patients undergoing AVR due to AS 2008-2014 in a national register for heart diseases were included. All-cause mortality and hospitalization for heart failure during follow-up after AVR, stratified by preserved or reduced LVEF (=50%), was derived from national patient registers and analyzed by Cox regression.During the study period 10,406 patients, median age 73 years, a median follow-up of 35 months were identified. Preserved LVEF was present in 7,512 (72.2%). Among them 647 (8.6%) had a history of heart failure (HF) and 1,099 (14.6%) atrial fibrillation (AF) before intervention. Preoperative HF was associated with higher mortality irrespective of preserved or reduced LVEF: Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.64 (95% C.I. 1.35 -1.99) and 1.58 (95% C.I. 1.30 -1.92). Prior AF was associated with a higher risk of mortality in patients with preserved but not in those with reduced LVEF: HR 1.62 (95% C.I. 1.36 -1.92) and 1.05 (95% C.I. 0.86 -1.28). Irrespective of LVEF preoperative HF and AF were associated with an increased risk of postoperative heart failure hospitalization. CONCLUSION In patients planned for AVR, a history of HF or AF, irrespective of LVEF, worsens the postoperative prognosis. HF and AF can be seen as markers of myocardial fibrosis not necessarily discovered by LVEF and the merely use of it, besides symptoms, for timing of AVR seems suboptimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thilén
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University
| | - Stefan James
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University
| | - Elisabeth Ståhle
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Thoracic Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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13
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Okuno T, Hagemeyer D, Brugger N, Ryffel C, Heg D, Lanz J, Praz F, Stortecky S, Räber L, Roten L, Reichlin T, Windecker S, Pilgrim T. Valvular and Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2020; 13:2124-2133. [PMID: 32972574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2020.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of valvular and nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). BACKGROUND AF has been associated with adverse clinical outcomes after TAVR. However, the differential impact of valvular as opposed to nonvalvular AF has not been investigated. METHODS In a retrospective analysis of a prospective registry, valvular AF was defined as AF in the setting of concomitant mitral stenosis or the presence of a mitral valve prosthesis. The presence of mitral stenosis was determined by pre-procedural echocardiography. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death or disabling stroke at 1 year after TAVR. RESULTS Among 1,472 patients undergoing TAVR between August 2007 and June 2018, AF was recorded in 465 patients (31.6%) and categorized as nonvalvular in 376 (25.5%) and valvular in 89 (6.0%). AF scores including HAS-BLED, CHADS2, and CHA2DS2-VASc were comparable between patients with nonvalvular and valvular AF. The primary endpoint occurred in 9.3% of patients with no AF, in 14.5% of patients with nonvalvular AF (hazard ratio: 1.57; 95% confidence interval: 1.12 to 2.20; p = 0.009), and in 24.2% of patients with valvular AF (hazard ratio: 2.75; 95% confidence interval: 1.71 to 4.41; p < 0.001). Valvular AF conferred an increased risk for cardiovascular death or disabling stroke compared with nonvalvular AF (hazard ratio: 1.77; 95% confidence interval: 1.07 to 2.94; p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS The presence of valvular AF in patients undergoing TAVR increased the risk for cardiovascular death or disabling stroke compared with both no AF and nonvalvular AF. (SWISS TAVI Registry; NCT01368250).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Okuno
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hagemeyer
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Brugger
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Ryffel
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dik Heg
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Lanz
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Praz
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Stortecky
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Räber
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Roten
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Reichlin
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pilgrim
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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14
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Indja B, Woldendorp K, Vallely MP, Grieve SM. New Onset Atrial Fibrillation Following Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Heart Lung Circ 2020; 29:1542-1553. [PMID: 32327310 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) is a well-recognised, although variably reported complication following surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Rates of NOAF following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) seem to be notably less than SAVR, even though this population is typically older and of higher risk. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of NOAF in both these populations and associated postoperative outcomes. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting rates of NOAF post SAVR or TAVI, along with early postoperative outcomes. Twenty-five (25) studies with a total of 13,010 patients were included in the final analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of NOAF post SAVR was 0.4 (95% CI 0.36-0.44) and post TAVI 0.15 (95% CI 0.11-0.18). NOAF was associated with an increased risk of postoperative cerebrovascular accident (CVA) for SAVR and TAVI (RR 1.44 95% CI 1.01-2.06 and RR 2.24 95% CI 1.46-3.45 respectively). NOAF was associated with increased mortality in the TAVI group (RR 3.02 95% CI 1.55-5.9) but not the SAVR group (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.54-1.84). Hospital length of stay was increased for both TAVI and SAVR patients with NOAF (MD 2.54 days, 95% CI 2.0-3.00) and (MD 1.64 days, 95% CI 0.04-3.24 respectively). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of NOAF is significantly less following TAVI, as compared to SAVR. While NOAF is associated with increased risk of postoperative stroke for both groups, for TAVI alone NOAF confers increased risk of early mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Indja
- Sydney Translational Imaging Laboratory, Heart Research Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kei Woldendorp
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael P Vallely
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stuart M Grieve
- Sydney Translational Imaging Laboratory, Heart Research Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Radiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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15
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Christersson C, James SK, Lindhagen L, Ahlsson A, Friberg Ö, Jeppsson A, Ståhle E. Comparison of warfarin versus antiplatelet therapy after surgical bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement. Heart 2019; 106:838-844. [PMID: 31757813 PMCID: PMC7282554 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To compare effectiveness of warfarin and antiplatelet exposure regarding both thrombotic and bleeding events, following surgical aortic valve replacement with a biological prosthesis(bioSAVR). Methods The study included all patients in Sweden undergoing a bioSAVR during 2008–2014 who were alive at discharge from the index hospital stay. Exposure was analysed and defined as postdischarge dispension of any antithrombotic pharmaceutical, updated at each following dispensions and categorised as single antiplatelet (SAPT), warfarin, warfarin combined with SAPT, dual antiplatelet (DAPT) or no antithrombotic treatment. Exposure to SAPT was used as comparator. Outcome events were all-cause mortality, ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, any thromboembolism and major bleedings. We continuously updated adjustments for comorbidities with any indication for antithrombotic treatment by Cox regression analysis. Results We identified 9539 patients with bioSAVR (36.8% women) at median age of 73 years with a mean follow-up of 3.13 years. As compared with SAPT, warfarin alone was associated with a lower incidence of ischaemic stroke (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.70) and any thromboembolism (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.94) but with no difference in mortality (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.13). The incidence of haemorrhagic stroke (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.51) and major bleeding (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.30 to 2.15) was higher during warfarin exposure. As compared with SAPT, DAPT was not associated with any difference in ischaemic stroke or any thromboembolism. Risk-benefit analyses demonstrated that 2.7 (95% CI 1.0 to 11.9) of the ischaemic stroke cases could potentially be avoided per every haemorrhagic stroke caused by warfarin exposure instead of SAPT during the first year. Conclusion In patients discharged after bioSAVR, warfarin exposure as compared with SAPT exposure was associated with lower long-term risk of ischaemic stroke and thromboembolic events, and with a higher incidence of bleeding events but with similar mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan K James
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lindhagen
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Ahlsson
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Örjan Friberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anders Jeppsson
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Ståhle
- Department of Surgical Sciences Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Impact of Pre-Existing and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation on Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 12:2119-2129. [PMID: 31629743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to evaluate impact of new-onset and pre-existing atrial fibrillation (AF) on transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) long-term outcomes compared with patients without AF. BACKGROUND Pre-existing and new-onset AF in patients undergoing TAVR are associated with poor outcomes. METHODS The study identified 72,660 patients ≥65 years of age who underwent nonapical TAVR between 2014 and 2016 using Medicare inpatient claims. History of AF was defined by diagnoses on claims during the 3 years preceding the TAVR, and new-onset AF was defined as occurrence of AF during the TAVR admission or within 30 days after TAVR in a patient without prior history of AF. Outcomes included all-cause mortality, and readmission for bleeding, stroke, and heart failure (HF). RESULTS Overall, 40.7% had pre-existing AF (n = 29,563) and 6.8% experienced new-onset AF (n = 2,948) after TAVR. Mean age was 81.3, 82.4, and 83.8 years in patients with no AF, pre-existing, and new-onset AF, respectively. Pre-existing AF patients had the highest burden of comorbidities. After follow-up of 73,732 person-years, mortality was higher with new-onset AF compared with pre-existing and no AF (29.7, 22.6, and 12.8 per 100 person-years, respectively; p < 0.001). After adjusting for patient characteristics and hospital TAVR volume, new-onset AF remained associated with higher mortality compared with no AF (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.068, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.92 to 2.20; p < 0.01) and pre-existing AF (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.26 to 1.45; p < 0.01). In competing risk analysis, new-onset AF was associated with higher risk of bleeding (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR]: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.48 to 1.86; p < 0.01), stroke (sHR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.63 to 2.26; p < 0.01), and HF (sHR: 1.98; 95% CI: 1.81 to 2.16; p < 0.01) compared with pre-existing AF. CONCLUSIONS In patients undergoing TAVR, new-onset AF is associated with increased risk of mortality and bleeding, stroke, and HF hospitalizations compared with pre-existing AF or no AF.
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17
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Kalra R, Patel N, Doshi R, Arora G, Arora P. Evaluation of the Incidence of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Aortic Valve Replacement. JAMA Intern Med 2019; 179:1122-1130. [PMID: 31157821 PMCID: PMC6547161 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Data on the burden of new-onset atrial fibrillation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) is limited mostly to small series or post hoc analyses of clinical trials. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation and assess the incidence of in-hospital mortality associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation after TAVI and AVR. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this population-based observational study using the National Inpatient Sample and a validation cohort from the New York state inpatient database, the National Inpatient Sample was queried from January 1, 2012, to September 30, 2015, and the New York state inpatient database was queried from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2014. Hospitalizations of adults undergoing TAVI or isolated AVR were examined. The incidence of in-hospital mortality across groups with new-onset atrial fibrillation was assessed in the National Inpatient Sample cohort using multivariable logistic regression modeling. Statistical analysis was conducted from August 20, 2018, to March 19, 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was the occurrence of new-onset atrial fibrillation, which was identified by excluding hospitalizations in which atrial fibrillation was present on admission. The secondary outcome was in-hospital mortality in TAVI and AVR hospitalizations with and without new-onset atrial fibrillation. RESULTS A total of 48 715 TAVI hospitalizations (47.4% women and 52.6% men; mean [SD] age, 81.3 [8.1] years; 82.3% white) and 122 765 AVR hospitalizations (39.0% women and 61.0% men; mean [SD] age, 67.8 [12.0] years; 78.0% white) were identified. New-onset atrial fibrillation occurred in 50.4% of TAVI hospitalizations and 50.1% of AVR hospitalizations. In the multivariable-adjusted model, TAVI and AVR hospitalizations with new-onset atrial fibrillation had higher odds of in-hospital mortality compared with hospitalizations without new-onset atrial fibrillation (TAVI: odds ratio, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.21-2.04; and AVR: odds ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.08-1.70). The results were then confirmed with the New York state inpatient database, which contains a present on arrival indicator. The incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation was 14.1% (244 of 1736 hospitalizations) after TAVI and 30.6% (1573 of 5141 hospitalizations) after AVR in the New York state inpatient database. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this large nationwide study, a substantial burden of new-onset atrial fibrillation was observed after TAVI and AVR. The incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation was higher after AVR than after TAVI in a patient-level state inpatient database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Kalra
- Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Nirav Patel
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Rajkumar Doshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno
| | - Garima Arora
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Pankaj Arora
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham.,Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
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18
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Yoon YH, Ahn JM, Kang DY, Ko E, Lee PH, Lee SW, Kim HJ, Kim JB, Choo SJ, Park DW, Park SJ. Incidence, Predictors, Management, and Clinical Significance of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2019; 123:1127-1133. [PMID: 30683423 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
There is limited information on the incidence, management, and prognostic impact of new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe aortic valve stenosis. In the prospective ASAN-TAVI registry, we evaluated a total of 347 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI from March 2010 to August 2017. The primary end point was a composite of stroke or systemic embolism at 12 months. The study subjects were categorized into 3 groups; pre-existing AF (50 patients), NOAF (31 patients), and non-AF (266 patients) group. NOAF developed in 10.4% of patients without pre-existing AF after TAVI and most cases were paroxysmal type (93.6%). Pharmacologic and electrical cardioversion were tried in 13 (41.9%) and 6 (19.4%) patients and success rates were 61.5% and 33.3%, respectively. NOAF-associated case rate for primary end point was 22.6%. Transfemoral access and cardiac tamponade were independent predictors of NOAF. Patients with NOAF, as compared with those with pre-existing AF and those without AF, had an increased 1-year rate of primary end point (24.0% vs 9.9% vs 7.2%, respectively; p <0.001). By multivariable analysis, NOAF was an independent predictor of 1-year rate of primary end point (adjusted hazard ratio: 3.31; 95% CI: 1.34 to 8.20; p = 0.010). In conclusion, patients with severe aortic valve stenosis who underwent TAVI, NOAF occurred in 10% and 1 of 4 NOAF patients experienced stroke or systemic embolization. The presence of NOAF was associated with a substantially higher risk of stroke or systemic embolization.
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19
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Ahmed AM, Qureshi WT, O'Neal WT, Khalid F, Al-Mallah MH. Incremental prognostic value of SPECT-MPI in chronic kidney disease: A reclassification analysis. J Nucl Cardiol 2018; 25:1658-1673. [PMID: 28050863 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-016-0756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors have limited predictive value of CV mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD, creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/minute per 1.73 m2). The aim of this study was to evaluate incremental and independent prognostic value of single-photon emission computerized tomography-myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) across continuum of renal function. METHODS We retrospectively studied 11,518 (mean age, 65 ± 12 years; 52% were men) patients referred for a clinical indication of SPECT-MPI between April 2004 and May 2009. Primary end point was composite of cardiac death and non-fatal myocardial infarction (CD/MI). We examined the relationship of total perfusion defect (TPD) and CD/MI in multiple Cox regression models for CV risk factors and GFR. The incremental predictive value of TPD was examined using Harrell's c-index, net reclassification index (NRI), and integrated discrimination index (IDI). RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 5 years (25th to 75th percentiles, 3.0-6.5 years), 1,692 (14.5%) patients experienced CD/MI (740 MI and 1,182 CD). In a multivariable model adjusted for traditional CV risk factors and GFR, the presence of a perfusion defect was independently associated with increased risk of CD/MI (HR = 2.10; 95% CI 1.81, 2.43, p < .001). Using Cox regression, TPD improved the discriminatory ability beyond traditional CV risk factors and GFR [from AUC = 0.725, (95% CI 0.712-0.738) to 0.784, (95% CI 0.772-0.796), p < .0001]. Furthermore, TPD improves risk stratification of CKD patients over and above traditional CV risk factors and GFR [NRI = 14%, 95% CI (12%-16%, p < .001) and relative IDI = 60%, 95% CI (51%, 66%, p < .001)]. CONCLUSIONS Across the spectrum of renal function, SPECT-MPI perfusion defects independently and incrementally reclassified patients for their risk of CD/MI, beyond traditional CV risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad M Ahmed
- King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas T Qureshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Wesley T O'Neal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Fatima Khalid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mouaz H Al-Mallah
- King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
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20
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Robert R, Porot G, Vernay C, Buffet P, Fichot M, Guenancia C, Pommier T, Mouhat B, Cottin Y, Lorgis L. Incidence, Predictive Factors, and Prognostic Impact of Silent Atrial Fibrillation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2018; 122:446-454. [PMID: 30201110 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New onset atrial fibrillation post-transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is common and is associated with adverse outcomes. However, silent atrial fibrillation (AF) is poorly documented in the context. This study sought to evaluate the incidence, predictive factors, and prognostic value of Silent AF post-TAVI. All the consecutive patients with TAVI were prospectively analyzed by continuous electrocardiogram monitoring≥48 hours after implantation. Silent AF was defined as asymptomatic episodes lasting at least 30 seconds. The population was divided into 3 groups: history of AF, no-AF, and silent AF. Among the 206 patients implanted with TAVI, 19 (16.1%) developed silent AF. Compared with the no-AF group, patients with silent AF shared the same clinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors. Procedural success and echography parameters after the device implantation were similar between groups. Left atrial volume was significantly increased (p <0.001) in the silent AF group, together with preimplantation C-reactive protein (CRP) >3 mg/L and glucose (p = 0.048 and p = 0.002). By multivariate analysis, CRP >3 mg/dl and logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation were identified as independent predictors of silent AF. In-hospital and 1-year mortalities were higher in pre-existing AF patients, whereas no-AF and the silent AF patients share the same prognosis. Our prospective study showed for the first time that silent AF is frequent after TAVI procedures. In conclusion, our work suggests that CRP could help to predict the risk of developing silent AF. However, the onset of silent AF is not associated with worse prognosis in the year following the procedure in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Robert
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Guillaume Porot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Clémence Vernay
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Buffet
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Marie Fichot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Charles Guenancia
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France; Laboratory of Cerebro-Vascular Pathophysiology and epidemiology (PEC2) EA 7460, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - Thibaut Pommier
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Basile Mouhat
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Yves Cottin
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France; Laboratory of Cerebro-Vascular Pathophysiology and epidemiology (PEC2) EA 7460, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - Luc Lorgis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Dijon, France; Laboratory of Cerebro-Vascular Pathophysiology and epidemiology (PEC2) EA 7460, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.
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21
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Patris V, Giakoumidakis K, Argiriou M, Naka KK, Apostolakis E, Field M, Kuduvalli M, Oo A, Siminelakis S. Factors associated with early cardiac complications following transcatheter aortic valve implantation with transapical approach. Pragmat Obs Res 2018; 9:21-27. [PMID: 30022864 PMCID: PMC6044350 DOI: 10.2147/por.s157843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To estimate the incidence of postprocedural early cardiac complications among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation, through transapical approach (TA-TAVI), and to identify factors independently associated with the occurrence of them. Patients and methods A retrospective cohort study of 90 patients, who had undergone TA-TAVI in a tertiary hospital of Liverpool, UK, during a 5-year period (September 2008–October 2013), was conducted. Data on patient demographics, periprocedural characteristics and cardiac complications presented within 30-day post TA-TAVI were collected, retrospectively, using the hospital’s electronic database. Results The overall 30-day incidence of cardiac complications was estimated at 18.9% (n=17/90). The rate of new onset of atrial fibrillation (AF), atrioventricular block requiring permanent pacemaker implantation, shockable cardiac arrest rhythm and cardiac tamponade was 11.1%, 3.3%, 2.2% and 2.2%, respectively. Bivariate analysis found that absence of preoperative AF (p=0.01), receiving of oral inotropes preprocedurally (p=0.01), intravenous inotropic support postprocedurally (p=0.01) and requirement for postprocedural tracheal intubation (p=0.001) were the main factors associated with increased probability for patient cardiac morbidity. Conclusion It seems that patients with absence of AF and oral inotropic support preprocedurally and those with post TA-TAVI mechanical ventilatory and intravenous inotropic support have greater probability to develop cardiac complications. This knowledge allows the early identification of high-risk patients and supports clinicians to apply both preventive and therapeutic interventions for the optimum patient management and care. In addition, administrators could allocate the health care system resources effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Patris
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, "Evangelismos" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece,
| | | | - Mihalis Argiriou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, "Evangelismos" General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece,
| | - Katerina K Naka
- Department of Cardiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Mark Field
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Chest Hospital of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Manoj Kuduvalli
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Chest Hospital of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Aung Oo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Chest Hospital of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Stavros Siminelakis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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22
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Tarantini G, Mojoli M, Urena M, Vahanian A. Atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: epidemiology, timing, predictors, and outcome. Eur Heart J 2018; 38:1285-1293. [PMID: 27744287 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in patients with aortic stenosis. When these patients are treated medically or by surgical aortic valve replacement, AF is associated with increased risk of adverse events including death. Growing evidence suggests a significant impact of AF on outcomes also in patients with aortic valve stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Conversely, limited evidence is available regarding the optimal management of this condition. This review aims to summarize prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis, and treatment of AF in patients undergoing TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tarantini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Mojoli
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Marina Urena
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, 46 Rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Alec Vahanian
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, 46 Rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France
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23
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Cheung A, Lima FV, Yen TYM, Parikh P, Butler J, Gruberg L. Impact of atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Insights of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2018; 19:21-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Siontis GCM, Praz F, Lanz J, Vollenbroich R, Roten L, Stortecky S, Räber L, Windecker S, Pilgrim T. New-onset arrhythmias following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart 2017; 104:1208-1215. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence and clinical impact of new-onset arrhythmias in patients following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).MethodWe systematically identified studies reporting new-onset arrhythmias after TAVI other than atrioventricular conduction disturbances. We summarised monitoring strategies, type and prevalence of arrhythmias and estimated their effect on risk of death or cerebrovascular events by using random-effects meta-analysis. The study is registered withInternational prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42017058053).ResultsSixty-five studies (43 506 patients) reported new-onset arrhythmias following TAVI. The method of arrhythmia detection was specified only in 31 studies (48%). New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) (2641 patients), bradyarrhythmias (182 patients), supraventricular arrhythmias (29 patients), ventricular arrhythmias (28 patients) and non-specified major arrhythmias (855 patients) were reported. In most studies (52 out of 65), new-onset arrhythmia detection was limited to the first month following TAVI. The most frequently documented arrhythmia was NOAF with trend of increasing summary prevalence of 11%, 14%, 14% and 25% during inhospital, 30-day, 1-year and 2-year follow-ups, respectively (P for trend=0.011). Summary prevalence estimates of NOAF at 30-day follow-up differ significantly between studies of prospective and retrospective design (8% and 21%, respectively, P=0.002). New episodes of bradyarrhythmias were documented with a summary crude prevalence of 4% at 1-year follow-up. NOAF increased the risk of death (relative risk 1.61, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.98, I2=47%) and cerebrovascular events (1.79, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.64, I2=0%). No study commented on therapeutic modifications following the detection of new-onset arrhythmias.ConclusionsSystematic identification of new-onset arrhythmias following TAVI may have considerable impact on subsequent therapeutic management and long-term prognosis in this patient population.
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25
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Harjai KJ, Thakur K, Young B, Hopkins E, Mascarenhas V, Crockett S, Singh D, Stahl R, Bules T, Scalzo L, Paton IN, Vijayaraman P. Suitability for Watchman Implantation in TAVR Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. STRUCTURAL HEART 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/24748706.2017.1414341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishore J. Harjai
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kamia Thakur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bonnie Young
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eugenia Hopkins
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vernon Mascarenhas
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samuel Crockett
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Deepak Singh
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Russell Stahl
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas Bules
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lori Scalzo
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Isabella N. Paton
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Northeast, Pearsall Heart Hospital, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, USA
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26
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Hioki H, Watanabe Y, Kozuma K, Nara Y, Kawashima H, Nagura F, Nakashima M, Kataoka A, Yamamoto M, Naganuma T, Araki M, Tada N, Shirai S, Yamanaka F, Hayashida K. Timing of Susceptibility to Mortality and Heart Failure in Patients With Preexisting Atrial Fibrillation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2017; 120:1618-1625. [PMID: 28842144 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between cardiac rhythm and adverse events after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remains unclear. To compare the prognostic impact of preexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) and new-onset AF (NOAF) after TAVI, we assessed 1,124 patients (846 with sinus rhythm [SR], 49 with NOAF, and 229 with preexisting AF) who underwent TAVI with a balloon-expandable valve from October 2013 to April 2016. The incidences of all-cause death and rehospitalization for heart failure (HF) were retrospectively evaluated. The median follow-up period was 370 days (range 188 to 613). In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the incidences of all-cause death and rehospitalization for HF were significantly higher in patients with preexisting AF than those in patients with NOAF and SR. The multivariable analysis showed that preexisting AF was significantly associated with increased all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR] 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02 to 2.34) and rehospitalization for HF (HR 2.94; 95% CI 1.75 to 4.93). The landmark analysis demonstrated that patients with preexisting AF had a significantly higher incidence of rehospitalization for HF within the first 6 months after TAVI (HR 4.04; 95% CI 2.23 to 7.32), and a higher incidence of all-cause death from 6 months to 2 years after TAVI (HR 2.12; 95% CI 1.15 to 3.90). Our study demonstrated that preexisting AF increased the risk of all-cause death and rehospitalization for HF after TAVI in comparison with NOAF or SR. Moreover, there was a specific timing of susceptibility to all-cause death and rehospitalization for HF after TAVI.
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27
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Meta-Analysis of Usefulness of Anticoagulation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2017; 120:1612-1617. [PMID: 28844512 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since the advent of bioprosthetic valves, the implications of long-term anticoagulation after valve replacement are unclear. There are very little data on outcomes of long-term anticoagulation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of literature regarding anticoagulation after TAVI. The existing literature on anticoagulation after bioprosthetic valve replacement was thoroughly reviewed, including the most recent American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2017 guidelines for management of valvular disease, which is based on sparse, nonrandomized retrospective data. A systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases was conducted to retrieve articles reporting outcomes on anticoagulation after TAVI, and 5 articles were retrieved. Pooled analysis revealed lower bleeding rates in the anticoagulated group (22% vs 35%, p = 0.006). Stroke and mortality were inconsistently reported by the studies. The data regarding outcomes of patients on anticoagulation after TAVI are sparse. Systematic collection of anticoagulation data in the existing registries and future trials should be strongly considered in patients undergoing TAVI.
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28
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Mariathas M, Rawlins J, Curzen N. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: where are we now? Future Cardiol 2017; 13:551-566. [DOI: 10.2217/fca-2017-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was first used in clinical practice in 2002. Since 2002, there has been a rapid increase in TAVI activity in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. This has been supported by systematic randomized data comparing TAVI against the gold standard treatment for the last 50 years’ surgical aortic valve replacement. TAVI is now currently a recommended therapeutic intervention in the treatment of severe aortic stenosis patients who are deemed either high risk or inoperable. The indications for TAVI continue to expand. Within this review we will focus on the current guidelines for TAVI, the evidence for it, the complications of TAVI, postprocedure care, the technology available to clinicians now and finally the future perspectives for TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mariathas
- Coronary Research Group, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - John Rawlins
- Coronary Research Group, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Nick Curzen
- Coronary Research Group, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
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29
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Mojoli M, Gersh BJ, Barioli A, Masiero G, Tellaroli P, D'Amico G, Tarantini G. Impact of atrial fibrillation on outcomes of patients treated by transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am Heart J 2017; 192:64-75. [PMID: 28938965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting data have been reported related to the impact of atrial fibrillation (AF) on the outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We aimed to assess the prognosis of TAVI-treated patients according to the presence of pre-existing or new-onset AF. METHODS Studies published between April 2002 and November 2016 and reporting outcomes of pre-existing AF, new-onset AF, or sinus rhythm in patients undergoing TAVI were identified with an electronic search. Pairwise and network meta-analysis were performed. Outcomes of interest were short- and long-term mortality, stroke, and major bleeding. RESULTS Eleven studies (11,033 individuals) were eligible. Compared to sinus rhythm, short-term and long-term mortality were significantly higher in new-onset AF (short-term OR 2.9, P=.002; long-term OR 2.3, P<.0001) and pre-existing AF groups (short-term OR 2.7, P=.004; long-term OR 2.8, P<.0001). Compared to sinus rhythm, new-onset AF increased the risk of stroke at early (OR 2.1, P<.0001) and late follow-up (OR 1.92, P<.0001), and the risk of early bleedings (OR 1.65, P=.002), while pre-existing AF increased the risk of late stroke (OR 1.3, P=0.03), but not the risk of bleeding. Compared to pre-existing AF, new-onset AF correlated with higher risk of early stroke (OR 1.7, P=.002) and major bleedings (OR 1.7, P=.002). CONCLUSIONS AF is associated with impaired outcomes after TAVI, including mortality, stroke and (limited to new-onset AF) major bleedings. Compared to pre-existing AF, new-onset AF correlates with higher risk of early stroke and major bleedings. Improved management of AF in the TAVI setting, including tailored antithrombotic treatment strategies, remains a relevant need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mojoli
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Bernard J Gersh
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alberto Barioli
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Masiero
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Tellaroli
- Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianpiero D'Amico
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tarantini
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.
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30
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Seeger J, Gonska B, Rodewald C, Rottbauer W, Wöhrle J. Apixaban in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation After Transfemoral Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 10:66-74. [PMID: 27916486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2016.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to assess the impact of atrial fibrillation (AF) on outcome in transfemoral aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of apixaban compared with a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) in patients with AF after TAVR. BACKGROUND Non-VKA oral anticoagulant agents have not been systematically used in patients with AF after TAVR. METHODS Of the 617 patients enrolled, 55.9% (n = 345) were in sinus rhythm and 44.1% (n = 272) in AF. Clinical follow-up was performed after 30 days and 12 months. RESULTS The early safety endpoint at 30 days was significantly more frequent in patients with AF compared with those in sinus rhythm (23.2% vs. 11.0%; p < 0.01). During 12-month follow-up, the secondary endpoint of all-cause mortality and stroke was significantly higher in patients with AF (20.6% vs. 9.7%; p = 0.02), driven by a significantly higher rate of all-cause mortality (19.1% vs. 7.8%; p = 0.01). Among patients with AF, 141 (51.8%) were treated with apixaban and 131 (48.2%) with a VKA. There was a significantly lower rate of the early safety endpoint in patients with AF treated with apixaban compared with patients treated with a VKA (13.5% vs. 30.5%; p < 0.01), with a numerically lower stroke rate (2.1% vs. 5.3%; p = 0.17) at 30 days and 12 months (1.2% vs. 2.0%; p = 0.73) of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In patients undergoing TAVR, AF was associated with a significantly higher rate of all-cause mortality throughout 12 months follow-up. The early safety endpoint in patients with AF on apixaban was significantly less frequent compared with patients receiving a VKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seeger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Birgid Gonska
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christoph Rodewald
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rottbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jochen Wöhrle
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
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31
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Auffret V, Regueiro A, Del Trigo M, Abdul-Jawad Altisent O, Campelo-Parada F, Chiche O, Puri R, Rodés-Cabau J. Predictors of Early Cerebrovascular Events in Patients With Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 68:673-84. [PMID: 27515325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) patients at high risk for cerebrovascular events (CVE) is of major clinical relevance. However, predictors have varied across studies. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to analyze the predictors of 30-day CVE post-TAVR. METHODS A systematic review of studies that reported the incidence of CVE post-TAVR while providing raw data for predictors of interest was performed. Data on study, patient, and procedural characteristics were extracted. Crude risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals for each predictor were calculated. RESULTS Sixty-four studies involving 72,318 patients (2,385 patients with a CVE within 30 days post-TAVR) were analyzed. Incidence of CVE ranged from 1% to 11% (median 4%) without significant differences between single and multicenter studies, or according to CVE adjudication availability. The summary RRs indicated lower risk for men (RR: 0.82; p = 0.02) and higher risk for patients with chronic kidney disease (RR: 1.29; p = 0.03) and with new-onset atrial fibrillation post-TAVR (RR: 1.85; p = 0.005), and for procedures performed within the first half of center experience (RR: 1.55; p = 0.003). The use of balloon post-dilation tended to be associated with a higher risk of CVE (RR: 1.43; p = 0.07). Valve type (balloon-expandable vs. self-expandable, p = 0.26) and approach (transfemoral vs. nontransfemoral, p = 0.81) did not predict CVE. CONCLUSIONS Female sex, chronic kidney disease, enrollment date, and new-onset atrial fibrillation were predictors of CVE post-TAVR. This study provides effect estimates to identify high-risk TAVR patients for early CVE, providing possible guidance for tailored preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Auffret
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Rennes 1 University, Signal and Image Processing Laboratory, Rennes, France
| | - Ander Regueiro
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - María Del Trigo
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Olivier Chiche
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rishi Puri
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Josep Rodés-Cabau
- Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
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32
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Metaxa S, Ioannou A, Missouris CG. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: new hope in the management of valvular heart disease. Postgrad Med J 2017; 93:280-288. [PMID: 28104807 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2016-134554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Severe calcific aortic stenosis is relatively common, and unless treated with valve replacement it carries an adverse prognosis. A large number of patients, however, are denied surgery due to their advanced age or coexistent medical conditions that increase perioperative cardiovascular risks. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), a technique in which a bioprosthetic valve is inserted via a catheter and implanted within the diseased native aortic valve, is a new therapeutic modality for treatment of older patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis and other comorbidities, who have an inherently high surgical risk. This review will provide an overview of the pivotal trials in the development of TAVI; while also investigating important complications and limitations of the procedure and evaluating how new valves are being designed and clinically evaluated, with the ultimate goal of reducing potential complications and expanding the use of TAVI to lower-risk patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Constantinos G Missouris
- Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,University of Cyprus Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Voudris KV, Wong SC, Kaple R, Kampaktsis PN, de Biasi AR, Weiss JS, Devereux R, Krieger K, Kim L, Swaminathan RV, Feldman DN, Singh H, Skubas NJ, Minutello RM, Bergman G, Salemi A. Transapical transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with or without prior coronary artery bypass graft operation. J Cardiothorac Surg 2016; 11:158. [PMID: 27899140 PMCID: PMC5129212 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-016-0551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transapical approach (TA) is an established access alternative to the transfemoral technique in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for treatment of symptomatic aortic valve stenosis. The impact of prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing TA-TAVR is not well defined. Methods A single center retrospective cohort analysis of 126 patients (male 41%, mean age 85.8 ± 6.1 years) who underwent TA balloon expandable TAVR (Edwards SAPIEN, SAPIEN XT or SAPIEN 3) was performed. Patients were classified as having prior CABG (n = 45) or no prior CABG (n = 81). Baseline clinical characteristics, in-hospital, 30-day, 6 months and one-year clinical outcomes were compared. Results Compared to patients without prior CABG, CABG patients were more likely to be male (62.2 vs. 29.6%, p < 0.001) with a higher STS score (11.66 ± 5.47 vs. 8.99 ± 4.19, p = 0.003), history of myocardial infarction (55 vs. 21.1%, p < 0.001), implantable cardioverter defibrillator (17.8 vs. 3.7%, p = 0.017), left main coronary artery disease (42.2 vs. 4.9%, p < 0.001), and proximal left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis (57.8 vs. 16%, p < 0.001). They also presented with a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (%) (42.3 ± 15.3 vs. 54.3 ± 11.6, p < 0.01) and a larger effective valve orifice area (0.75 ± 0.20 cm2 vs. 0.67 ± 0.14 cm2, p = 0.025). There were no intra-procedural deaths, no differences in stroke (0 vs. 1.2%, p = 1.0), procedure time in hours (3.50 ± 0.80 vs. 3.26 ± 0.86, p = 0.127), re-intubation rate (8.9 vs. 8.6% p = 1.0), and renal function (highest creatinine value 1.73 ± 0.71 mg/ml vs.1.88 ± 1.15 mg/ml, p = 0.43). All-cause mortality at 6 months was similar in both groups (11.4, vs. 17.3% p = 0.44), and one-year survival was 81.8 and 77.8% respectively (p = 0.51). On multivariate analysis, the only factor significantly associated with one-year mortality was prior history of stroke (HR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.06-7.17, p = 0.037). Conclusion Despite the higher baseline clinical risk profile, patients with history of prior CABG undergoing TA-TAVR had comparable in-hospital, 6 months and one-year clinical outcomes to those without prior CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos V Voudris
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - S Chiu Wong
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan Kaple
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Polydoros N Kampaktsis
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Andreas R de Biasi
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan S Weiss
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Devereux
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Karl Krieger
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Luke Kim
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajesh V Swaminathan
- Department of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center and the Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dmitriy N Feldman
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Harsimran Singh
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolaos J Skubas
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert M Minutello
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Bergman
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cardiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA
| | - Arash Salemi
- William Acquavella Heart Valve Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th St., New York, NY, USA.
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Frequency of and Prognostic Significance of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2016; 118:1527-1532. [PMID: 27666171 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The prognostic implications of preexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) and new-onset AF (NOAF) in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remain uncertain. This study assesses the epidemiology of AF in patients treated with TAVI and evaluates their outcomes according to the presence of preexisting AF or NOAF. A retrospective analysis of 708 patients undergoing TAVI from 2 heart hospitals was performed. Patients were divided into 3 study groups: sinus rhythm (n = 423), preexisting AF (n = 219), and NOAF (n = 66). Primary outcomes of interest were all-cause death and stroke both at 30-day and at 1-year follow-up. Preexisting AF was present in 30.9% of our study population, whereas NOAF was observed in 9.3% of patients after TAVI. AF and NOAF patients showed a higher rate of 1-year all-cause mortality compared with patients in sinus rhythm (14.6% vs 6.5% for preexisting AF and 16.3% vs 6.5% for NOAF, p = 0.007). No differences in 30-day mortality were observed between groups. In patients with AF (either preexisting and new-onset), those discharged with single antiplatelet therapy displayed higher mortality rates at 1 year (42.9% vs 11.7%, p = 0.006). Preexisting AF remained an independent predictor of mortality at 1-year follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] 2.34, 95% CI 1.22 to 4.48, p = 0.010). Independent predictors of NOAF were transapical and transaortic approach as well as balloon postdilatation (HR 3.48, 95% CI 1.66 to 7.29, p = 0.001; HR 5.08, 95% CI 2.08 to 12.39, p <0.001; HR 2.76, 95% CI 1.25 to 6.08, p = 0.012, respectively). In conclusion, preexisting AF is common in patients undergoing TAVI and is associated with a twofold increased risk of 1-year mortality. This negative effect is most pronounced in patients discharged with single antiplatelet therapy compared with other antithrombotic regimens.
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Sannino A, Gargiulo G, Schiattarella GG, Perrino C, Stabile E, Losi MA, Galderisi M, Izzo R, de Simone G, Trimarco B, Esposito G. A meta-analysis of the impact of pre-existing and new-onset atrial fibrillation on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. EUROINTERVENTION 2016; 12:e1047-e1056. [DOI: 10.4244/eijy15m11_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Atrial Fibrillation and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: The Burden of Advanced Cardiovascular Disease in Aortic Stenosis. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2016; 8:1356-1358. [PMID: 26315739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Tarantini G, Mojoli M, Windecker S, Wendler O, Lefèvre T, Saia F, Walther T, Rubino P, Bartorelli AL, Napodano M, D’Onofrio A, Gerosa G, Iliceto S, Vahanian A. Prevalence and Impact of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2016; 9:937-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2016.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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New-onset atrial fibrillation and increased mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A causal or spurious association? Int J Cardiol 2015; 203:264-6. [PMID: 26519681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.10.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Baumbach A, Pietras C, Lansky A. The TriGuard embolic deflection device for prevention of stroke and cerebral embolization during transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Expert Rev Med Devices 2015; 12:649-51. [DOI: 10.1586/17434440.2015.1086642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Taramasso M, Maisano F, Nietlispac F. TAVI and concomitant procedures: from PCI to LAA closure. EUROINTERVENTION 2015; 11 Suppl W:W96-100. [DOI: 10.4244/eijv11swa29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Baseline Characteristics and Prognostic Implications of Pre-Existing and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2015; 8:1346-1355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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