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Mao B, Zhang J, Li S, Fan Z, Deng Y, Quan H, Yang Y. Association of body composition with ambulatory blood pressure among Chinese youths. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:566. [PMID: 39237958 PMCID: PMC11378592 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-05029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For youths, abnormalities in ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) patterns are known to be associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk and potential target organ damage. Body composition, including indicators such as lean mass index (LMI), fat mass index (FMI), and visceral fat level (VFL), plays a significant role in blood pressure (BP) regulation. However, little is known about the association between these body composition indicators and ABP. Therefore, the present study examined the association between these body composition indicators and BP among Chinese youths. METHODS A total of 477 college students aged 17 to 28 years old (mean ± Standard deviation = 18.96 ± 1.21) from a university in Changsha, Hunan Province, China, were included in this study. Body composition indicators were measured with a bioelectrical impedance body composition analyzer, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the relationship between body composition indicators and abnormal ABP. RESULTS The prevalence of abnormal BP, including 24-hour BP, daytime BP, nighttime BP, and clinic BP, were 4.8%, 4.2%, 8.6%, and 10.9%, respectively. After adjusting for potential covariates, LMI [abnormal 24-hour BP (OR = 1.85, 95%CI:1.31, 2.62), abnormal daytime BP (OR = 1.76, 95%CI:1.21, 2.58), abnormal nighttime BP (OR = 1.64, 95%CI:1.25, 2.14), abnormal clinic BP (OR = 1.84, 95%CI:1.38, 2.45)], FMI [abnormal 24-hour BP (OR = 1.20, 95%CI:1.02, 1.41), abnormal daytime BP (OR = 1.30, 95%CI:1.07, 1.57), abnormal nighttime BP (OR = 1.24, 95%CI:1.10, 1.39), abnormal clinic BP (OR = 1.42, 95%CI:1.22, 1.65)], and VFL [abnormal 24-hour BP (OR = 1.22, 95%CI:1.06, 1.39), abnormal daytime BP (OR = 1.29, 95%CI:1.10, 1.51), abnormal nighttime BP (OR = 1.24, 95%CI:1.12, 1.39), abnormal clinic BP (OR = 1.38, 95%CI:1.21, 1.57)] are positively linked to abnormal BP. Additionally, there were significant sex differences in the association between body composition and abnormal BP. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested maintaining an individual's appropriate muscle mass and fat mass and focusing on the different relations of males' and females' body composition is crucial for the achievement of appropriate BP profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Zehui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Hongjiao Quan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yide Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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Li S, Jiao H, Yang J, Li Y, Zhang J, Liu X, Xue Y. Association between lean body mass and hypertension: A cross-sectional study of 50 159 NHANES participants. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:957-964. [PMID: 37614028 PMCID: PMC10560971 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attention has been paid to the association between lean body mass (LBM) and hypertension in recent years, but the previous findings have often been contradictory. Therefore, the authors investigated the association between LBM and hypertension through a cross-sectional study in the United States. To investigate the relationship between LBM and hypertension, the authors conducted weighted multivariable logistic regression models. The authors used the restricted cubic spline regression model to determine if there was a nonlinear correlation. In order to locate the inflection point, the authors built a two-part linear regression model using a recursive method. In the full adjustment model, LBM was positively associated with hypertension, with ORs (95% CI) of 1.19 (1.02, 1.38). In the further linear trend test, the ORs (95% CI) for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.76 (0.60, 0.95), 0.62 (0.47, 0.80), and 0.66 (0.48, 0.91), respectively, compared to Q1, which suggested that the association between LBM and hypertension might be non-linear. The authors performed the restricted cubic spline curve to confirm this non-linear relationship and found the inflection point of 43.21 kg with an opposite relationship in which LBM and hypertension exhibited a negative correction of 0.66 (0.50, 0.86) before the inflection point and a positive correlation of 1.20 (1.03, 1.39) after the inflection point. Our study highlighted a non-linear association between LBM and hypertension in the general US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Li
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandongChina
| | - Huachen Jiao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Jie Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Yan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Juan Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Xiujuan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Yitao Xue
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
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Ye S, Zhu C, Wei C, Yang M, Zheng W, Gan D, Zhu S. Associations of Body Composition with Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1644-1650. [PMID: 30260578 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the associations of body composition, including skeletal muscle and fat mass, with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension. METHODS Data from 3,130 participants aged 18 to 80 years were analyzed. Body composition and total skeletal muscle (TSM) were measured or calculated based on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations of TSM, body fat percentage, android to gynoid fat ratio, and leg and arm lean body mass (LBM) with BP and hypertension. The Wald test was used to estimate the differences in the coefficients. RESULTS TSM indices, body fat percentage, and android to gynoid fat ratio were significantly associated with higher odds ratio for prehypertension and hypertension, except for TSM/weight, after controlling for potential confounders. The standardized beta coefficients of arm LBM indices for systolic and diastolic BP were higher than relevant indices of leg LBM. CONCLUSIONS Different indices of TSM, especially in arm LBM, were all positively associated with elevated BP, prehypertension, and hypertension in Chinese adults, after considering potential confounding factors, including body fat and fat distribution. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyue Ye
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaonan Zhu
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wei
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yang
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifang Zheng
- Red Cross Hospital of Lanxi City, Lanxi, Zhejiang, China
| | - Da Gan
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shankuan Zhu
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Sletner L, Mahon P, Crozier SR, Inskip HM, Godfrey KM, Chiesa S, Bhowruth DJ, Charakida M, Deanfield J, Cooper C, Hanson M. Childhood Fat and Lean Mass: Differing Relations to Vascular Structure and Function at Age 8 to 9 Years. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2528-2537. [PMID: 30354210 PMCID: PMC6248304 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Childhood body mass index (BMI) has been related to vascular structure and function. However, little is known about the differing contributions of fat and lean mass to this relationship. Our objectives were to relate the fat and lean mass (bone excluded) components of BMI (fat mass index and lean mass index; mass [kg]/height [m]2) to vascular measures in prepubertal children. Approach and Results- In the UK Southampton Women's Survey mother-offspring cohort, 983 children had dual x-ray absorptiometry and vascular measurements at 8 to 9 years. Using linear regression analyses, we found that most vascular measures were related to BMI, but fat and lean mass contributed differently. Systolic blood pressure was positively associated with both fat mass index (β=0.91 [95% CI, 0.52-1.30] mm Hg) and lean mass index (β=2.16 [95% CI, 1.47-2.85] mm Hg), whereas pulse rate was positively associated with fat mass index (β=0.93 [95% CI, 0.48-1.38] b/min) but negatively associated with lean mass index (β=-1.79 [95% CI, -2.59 to -0.99] b/min). The positive relation between BMI and carotid intima-media thickness was mainly due to a positive association with lean mass index (β=0.013 [95% CI, 0.008-0.019] mm). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, but not carotid-radial pulse wave velocity, was positively associated with fat mass index (β=0.06 [95% CI, 0.03-0.09] m/s). For systolic blood pressure, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and reactive hyperemia significant interactions indicated that the association with fat mass depended on the amount of lean mass. Conclusions- In prepubertal children, differences in vascular structure and function in relation to BMI probably represent combinations of adverse effects of fat mass, adaptive effects of body size, and relatively protective effects of lean mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Sletner
- Dept. of Pediatric and Adolescents Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Pamela Mahon
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sarah R. Crozier
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hazel M. Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Scott Chiesa
- Vascular Physiology Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Devina J. Bhowruth
- Vascular Physiology Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marietta Charakida
- Vascular Physiology Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Deanfield
- Vascular Physiology Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark Hanson
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Bekkelund SI, Jorde R. Creatine kinase in relation to body fat in a Caucasian overweight and obese population. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2017; 78:43-48. [PMID: 29258351 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2017.1408140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the association between serum creatine kinase (CK) and body fat mass in an overweight and obese population. In this cross-sectional study, 454 Caucasian overweight and obese individuals recruited from a medical outpatient clinic and via newspaper advertising underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Serum CK was obtained along with supplementary blood samples. This report is based on a secondary analysis from a previous randomized controlled trial treating obesity with vitamin D3. Serum CK correlated negatively with body fat mass in men (r = -.18, p = .025) but not in women (r = -.11, p = .069). An insignificant negative trend for logCK across quartiles of fat mass in men was found (p = .098). CK did not associate significantly with lean mass, but lean mass correlated positively with fat mass in both groups (p < .0001). In a multivariate model, serum CK was inversely and independently related to fat mass in men. Fat mass decreased with 7.83 kg per unit logCK increase when adjusted for age and lean mass (95% CI -12.3 to -3.3, p = .001). These data support the view that circulating CK interacts with obesity in a favourable way independent of its muscular connection in men. CK was not associated with fat mass in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svein I Bekkelund
- a Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology , University Hospital of North Norway , Tromsø , Norway.,b Department of Clinical Medicine , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Rolf Jorde
- b Department of Clinical Medicine , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway.,c Division of Internal Medicine , University Hospital of North Norway , Tromsø , Norway
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