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Lv J, Hu Y, Li L, He Y, Wang J, Guo N, Fang Y, Chen Q, Cai C, Tong J, Tang L, Wang Z. Targeting FABP4 in elderly mice rejuvenates liver metabolism and ameliorates aging-associated metabolic disorders. Metabolism 2023; 142:155528. [PMID: 36842611 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aging is characterized by progressive metabolic dyshomeostasis that increases morbidity and mortality. Solutions for optimizing healthy aging are challenged by lacking appropriate biomarkers. Moreover, druggable targets to rejuvenate the aging-associated metabolic phenotypes remain unavailable. METHODS Proteomics analysis was performed in a cohort of young and elderly adults. Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) were evaluated by ELISA. FABP4 was silenced in elderly mice by adeno-associated virus. Metabolic activities were measured by metabolic cages. Cognitive function was evaluated by Morris water maze. Glucose and lipid metabolism were evaluated by biochemistry assays with blood samples. RNA-seq in mouse liver was performed for transcriptome analysis. RESULTS Among 9 aging-sensitive proteins shared by both male and female, FABP4 was identified as a reliable aging biomarker in both human and mouse. Silencing FABP4 in elderly mice significantly rejuvenated the aging-associated decline in metabolic activities. FABP4 knockdown reversed the aging-associated metabolic disorders by promoting degradation of cholesterol and fatty acids, while suppressing gluconeogenesis. Transcriptome analysis revealed a restoration of the pro-aging gene reprogramming towards inflammation and metabolic disorders in the liver after FABP4 knockdown. FABP4 overexpression promoted human LO2 cell senescence. Moreover, administration of an FABP4 inhibitor BMS309403 delivered metabolic benefits in elderly mice. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate FABP4 as a reliable aging biomarker as well as a practicable target to improve healthy aging in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yimeng Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China; Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Lili Li
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yuan He
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Martial Arts, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ningning Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Cheguo Cai
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
| | - Jingjing Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Lixu Tang
- School of Martial Arts, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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2
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Grant JK, Snow S, Kelsey M, Rymer J, Schaffer AE, Patel MR, McGarrah RW, Pagidipati NJ, Shah NP. Lipid-Lowering Therapy in Woman of Childbearing Age: a Review and Stepwise Clinical Approach. Curr Cardiol Rep 2022; 24:1373-1385. [PMID: 35904667 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Women are less often recognized to have cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and are underrepresented in randomized trials of lipid-lowering therapy. Here, we summarize non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic strategies for lipid-lowering in women of childbearing age, lipid changes during pregnancy and lactation, discuss sex-specific outcomes in currently available literature, and discuss future areas of research. RECENT FINDINGS While lifestyle interventions form the backbone of CVD prevention, some women of reproductive age have an indication for pharmacologic lipid-lowering. Sex-based evidence is limited but suggests that both statin and non-statin lipid-lowering agents are beneficial regardless of sex, especially at high cardiovascular risk. Pharmacologic lipid-lowering therapies, both during the pregnancy period and during lactation, have historically been and continue to be limited by safety concerns. This oftentimes limits lipid-lowering options in women of childbearing age. In this review, we summarize lipid-lowering strategies in women of childbearing age and the impact of therapies during pregnancy and lactation. The limited sex-specific data regarding efficacy, adverse events, and cardiovascular outcomes underscore the need for a greater representation of women in randomized controlled trials. More data on lipid-lowering teratogenicity are needed, and through increased clinician awareness and reporting to incidental exposure registries, more data can be harvested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelani K Grant
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Snow
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Michelle Kelsey
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Jennifer Rymer
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Anna E Schaffer
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Manesh R Patel
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Robert W McGarrah
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Neha J Pagidipati
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Nishant P Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
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3
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Nishikawa R, Furuhashi M, Hori M, Ogura M, Harada-Shiba M, Okada T, Koseki M, Kujiraoka T, Hattori H, Ito R, Muranaka A, Kokubu N, Miura T. A Resuscitated Case of Acute Myocardial Infarction with both Familial Hypercholesterolemia Phenotype Caused by Possibly Oligogenic Variants of the PCSK9 and ABCG5 Genes and Type I CD36 Deficiency. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:551-557. [PMID: 33642439 PMCID: PMC9090482 DOI: 10.5551/jat.58909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest caused by acute myocardial infraction was successfully resuscitated by intensive treatments and recovered without any neurological disability. She was diagnosed as having familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) based on a markedly elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and family history of premature coronary artery disease. Genetic testing in her family members showed that a variant of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene (c.2004C>A, p.S668R), which had been previously reported as having uncertain significance, was associated with FH, indicating that the variant is a potential candidate for the FH phenotype. Next-generation sequencing analysis for the proband also showed that there was a heterozygous mutation of the ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 5 ( ABCG5) gene (c.1166G>A, R389H), which has been reported to increase LDL-C level and the risk of cardiovascular disease. She was also diagnosed as having type 1 CD36 deficiency based on a lack of myocardial uptake of 123I-labeled 15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-R,S-methyl-pentadecanoic acid in scintigraphy and the absence of CD36 antigen in both monocytes and platelets in flow cytometry. She had a homozygous mutation of the CD36 gene (c.1126-5_1127delTTTAGAT), which occurs in a canonical splice site (acceptor) and is predicted to disrupt or distort the normal gene product. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a heterozygous FH phenotype caused by possibly oligogenic variants of the PCSK9 and ABCG5 genes complicated with type I CD36 deficiency caused by a novel homozygous mutation. Both FH phenotype and CD36 deficiency might have caused extensive atherosclerosis, leading to acute myocardial infarction in the present case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mika Hori
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatsune Ogura
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Ryosuke Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Muranaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Kokubu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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4
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NUMAO S, URITA Y, MATSUMURA I, TAKAI Y, UCHIDA R, KUROSAKI T, NAKAGAICHI M. Difference in circulating fatty acid binding protein 4 concentration in trained men. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2022. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.21.04589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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5
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Furuhashi M, Sakuma I, Morimoto T, Higashiura Y, Sakai A, Matsumoto M, Sakuma M, Shimabukuro M, Nomiyama T, Arasaki O, Node K, Ueda S. Differential Effects of DPP-4 Inhibitors, Anagliptin and Sitagliptin, on PCSK9 Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus who are Receiving Statin Therapy. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:24-37. [PMID: 33342939 PMCID: PMC8737073 DOI: 10.5551/jat.58396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) degrades the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, leading to hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular risk. Treatment with a statin leads to a compensatory increase in circulating PCSK9 level. Anagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, was shown to decrease LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels to a greater extent than that by sitagliptin, another DPP-4 inhibitor, in the Randomized Evaluation of Anagliptin versus Sitagliptin On low-density lipoproteiN cholesterol in diabetes (REASON) trial. We investigated PCSK9 concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the impact of treatment with anagliptin or sitagliptin on PCSK9 level as a sub-analysis of the REASON trial.
Methods:
PCSK9 concentration was measured at baseline and after 52 weeks of treatment with anagliptin (
n
=122) or sitagliptin (
n
=128) in patients with T2DM who were receiving statin therapy. All of the included patients had been treated with a DPP-4 inhibitor prior to randomization.
Results:
Baseline PCSK9 level was positively, but not significantly, correlated with LDL-C and was independently associated with platelet count and level of triglycerides. Concomitant with reduction of LDL-C, but not hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), by anagliptin, PCSK9 level was significantly increased by treatment with sitagliptin (218±98 vs. 242±115 ng/mL,
P
=0.01), but not anagliptin (233±97 vs. 250±106 ng/mL,
P
=0.07).
Conclusions:
PCSK9 level is independently associated with platelet count and level of triglycerides, but not LDL-C, in patients with T2DM. Anagliptin reduces LDL-C level independent of HbA1c control in patients with T2DM who are on statin therapy possibly by suppressing excess statin-mediated PCSK9 induction and subsequent degradation of the LDL receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Mio Sakuma
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Takashi Nomiyama
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital
| | - Osamu Arasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Tomishiro Central Hospital
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
| | - Shinichiro Ueda
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus
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6
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Tanaka M, Takahashi S, Higashiura Y, Sakai A, Koyama M, Saitoh S, Shimamoto K, Ohnishi H, Furuhashi M. Circulating level of fatty acid-binding protein 4 is an independent predictor of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in middle-aged and elderly individuals. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 13:878-888. [PMID: 34889064 PMCID: PMC9077725 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), defined as hepatosteatosis with type 2 diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity or metabolic dysregulation, has been proposed as a new feature of chronic liver disease. Fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP4) is expressed in adipose tissue, and secreted FABP4 is associated with the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between MAFLD and FABP4 has not been fully addressed. Materials and Methods Associations of MAFLD with metabolic markers, including FABP4, fibroblast growth factor 21 and adiponectin, were investigated in 627 individuals (men/women 292/335) in the Tanno‐Sobetsu Study, a population‐based cohort. Results The mean age was 65 years (range 19–98 years, median [interquartile range] 68 [56–76] years). Hepatosteatosis was determined by the fatty liver index (FLI), and FLI ≥35 for men and FLI ≥16 for women were used for detection of fatty liver, as previously reported using 14,471 Japanese individuals. FLI was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and levels of FABP4 (r = 0.331, P < 0.001), fibroblast growth factor 21, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance as an insulin resistance index and uric acid, and was negatively correlated with levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin. FABP4 concentration was independently associated with FLI after adjustment of age, sex, systolic blood pressure and levels of uric acid, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21 in multivariable regression analysis. Logistic regression analysis showed that FABP4 was an independent predictor of MAFLD after adjustment of age, sex, presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia, and levels of uric acid, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21. Conclusions FABP4 concentration is independently associated with FLI and is an independent predictor of MAFLD in middle‐aged and elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Saitoh
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Nursing, Division of Medical and Behavioral Subjects, Sapporo Medical University School of Health Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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7
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Furuhashi M, Kataoka Y, Nishikawa R, Koyama M, Sakai A, Higashiura Y, Tanaka M, Saitoh S, Shimamoto K, Ohnishi H. Circulating PCSK7 Level is Independently Associated with Obesity, Triglycerides Level and Fatty Liver Index in a General Population without Medication. J Atheroscler Thromb 2021; 29:1275-1284. [PMID: 34565765 PMCID: PMC9444688 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Dyslipidemia and altered iron metabolism are typical features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7 (PCSK7), a transmembrane-anchored endonuclease, is associated with triglycerides level and processing of transferrin receptor 1. However, the significance of circulating PCSK7 has not been fully addressed, though prosegment PCSK7 is secreted from cells. We investigated the associations of plasma PCSK7 level with several parameters. METHODS Plasma PCSK7 concentration was measured in 282 subjects (male/female: 126/156) without medication of the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, a population-based cohort study. RESULTS There was no significant sex difference in PCSK7 level. Current smoking habit, but not alcohol drinking habit, was associated with increased PCSK7 level. PCSK7 concentration was negatively correlated with age and blood urea nitrogen and was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and levels of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γGTP), triglycerides and fatty liver index (FLI), which is calculated by BMI, waist circumference and levels of γGTP and triglycerides, as a noninvasive and simple predictor of NAFLD. There were no significant correlations of PCSK7 level with levels of iron and plasma PCSK9, a secreted PCSK family member and a regulator of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Multivariable regression analyses after adjustment of age, sex and current smoking habit showed that PCSK7 concentration was independently associated with BMI (β=0.130, P=0.035), triglycerides (β=0.141, P=0.027) or FLI (β=0.139, P=0.030). CONCLUSIONS Plasma PCSK7 concentration is independently associated with chronic liver disease including obesity and elevated triglycerides level in a general population of individuals who had not regularly taken any medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Yu Kataoka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Masayuki Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Shigeyuki Saitoh
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.,Department of Nursing, Division of Medical and Behavioral Subjects, Sapporo Medical University School of Health Sciences
| | | | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
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8
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A-FABP in Metabolic Diseases and the Therapeutic Implications: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179386. [PMID: 34502295 PMCID: PMC8456319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP), which is also known as ap2 or FABP4, is a fatty acid chaperone that has been further defined as a fat-derived hormone. It regulates lipid homeostasis and is a key mediator of inflammation. Circulating levels of A-FABP are closely associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic diseases with imminent diagnostic and prognostic significance. Numerous animal studies have elucidated the potential underlying mechanisms involving A-FABP in these diseases. Recent studies demonstrated its physiological role in the regulation of adaptive thermogenesis and its pathological roles in ischemic stroke and liver fibrosis. Due to its implication in various diseases, A-FABP has become a promising target for the development of small molecule inhibitors and neutralizing antibodies for disease treatment. This review summarizes the clinical and animal findings of A-FABP in the pathogenesis of cardio-metabolic diseases in recent years. The underlying mechanism and its therapeutic implications are also highlighted.
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9
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Elevated circulating FABP4 concentration predicts cardiovascular death in a general population: a 12-year prospective study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4008. [PMID: 33597568 PMCID: PMC7889640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83494-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is secreted from adipose tissue and acts as an adipokine, and an elevated circulating FABP4 level is associated with metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the causal link between circulating FABP4 level and mortality in a general population. We investigated the relationship between FABP4 concentration and mortality including cardiovascular death during a 12-year period in subjects of the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, a population-based cohort (n = 721, male/female: 302/419). FABP4 concentration at baseline was significantly higher in female subjects than in male subjects. All-cause death occurred in 123 (male/female: 74/49) subjects, and 34 (male/female: 20/14) and 42 (male/female: 26/16) subjects died of cardiovascular events and cancer, respectively. When divided into 3 groups according to tertiles of FABP4 level at baseline by sex (T1–T3), Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that there were significant differences in rates of all-cause death and cardiovascular death, but not cancer death, among the groups. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model analysis with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard ratio (HR) for cardiovascular death, but not that for all-cause death, significantly increased with a higher FABP4 level at baseline after adjustment of age and sex. The risk of cardiovascular death after adjustment of age, sex, body mass index and levels of brain natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the 3rd tertile (T3) group (HR: 4.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.20–22.3) was significantly higher than that in the 1st tertile (T1) group as the reference. In conclusion, elevated circulating FABP4 concentration predicts cardiovascular death in a general population.
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10
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Numao S, Uchida R, Kurosaki T, Nakagaichi M. Differences in circulating fatty acid-binding protein 4 concentration in the venous and capillary blood immediately after acute exercise. J Physiol Anthropol 2021; 40:5. [PMID: 33568227 PMCID: PMC7876805 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-021-00255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a marker for various diseases. It would be highly useful to have simple and less invasive techniques for the assessment of FABP4 concentrations in the clinical research setting. The purpose of the present study was to assess the concordance of circulating FABP4 concentrations in venous and capillary blood both at rest and immediately after acute exercise in healthy young males. Results Thirty-eight healthy young male adults aged from 19 to 25 years (mean age, 20.8 ± 1.2 years) were recruited. Paired blood samples were taken from the cubital vein (venous) and fingertip (capillary) blood at rest (resting state) and immediately after incremental exercise (exercising state). Blood samples were analyzed to determine the circulating FABP4 concentration using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson’s correlation coefficients for circulating FABP4 concentrations between venous and capillary blood samples indicated a strong positive correlation in both the resting and exercising state (resting state: r = 0.982, exercising state: r = 0.989, both p < 0.001). The mean FABP4 concentration was similar between venous and capillary blood in the resting state (p = 0.178), whereas it was significantly higher in capillary blood than in venous blood in the exercising state (p < 0.001). Furthermore, Bland–Altman plots showed a non-significant bias (− 0.07 ± 0.61 ng/mL, p = 0.453) in the resting state, whereas a significant bias (− 0.45 ± 0.61 ng/mL, p < 0.001) was observed in the exercising state. Conclusions These results indicate that capillary blood sampling can slightly overestimate circulating FABP4 concentrations under a physiologically dynamic state. However, the association between the venous and capillary blood in terms of FABP4 concentration was very strong, suggesting that capillary blood sampling can detect changes in FABP4 concentration in both physiologically steady and dynamic states. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40101-021-00255-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeharu Numao
- Department of Sports and Life Sciences, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, 1 Shiromizu, Kanoya, Kagoshima, 891-2393, Japan.
| | - Ryota Uchida
- Department of Sports and Life Sciences, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, 1 Shiromizu, Kanoya, Kagoshima, 891-2393, Japan
| | - Takashi Kurosaki
- Department of Sports and Life Sciences, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, 1 Shiromizu, Kanoya, Kagoshima, 891-2393, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakagaichi
- Department of Sports and Life Sciences, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, 1 Shiromizu, Kanoya, Kagoshima, 891-2393, Japan
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11
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Ferri N, Ruscica M, Coggi D, Bonomi A, Amato M, Frigerio B, Sansaro D, Ravani A, Veglia F, Capra N, Lupo MG, Macchi C, Castelnuovo S, Savonen K, Silveira A, Kurl S, Giral P, Pirro M, Strawbridge RJ, Gigante B, Smit AJ, Tremoli E, Colombo GI, Baldassarre D. Sex-specific predictors of PCSK9 levels in a European population: The IMPROVE study. Atherosclerosis 2020; 309:39-46. [PMID: 32862087 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is one of the key regulators of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol plasma levels. Circulating PCSK9, which differs between genders, represents a valid pharmacological target for preventing cardiovascular (CV) events. We aimed to investigate sex-related associations between PCSK9 plasma levels and biochemical and anthropomorphic factors, and familial and personal morbidities, in a large European cohort (n = 3673) of men (47.9%) and women (52.1%). METHODS Individuals (aged 54-79 years) free of CV diseases were enrolled in seven centers of five European countries: Finland, France, Italy, the Netherlands, and Sweden. PCSK9 plasma levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS PCSK9 was higher in women than in men. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that latitude, sex, and treatments with statins and fibrates were the strongest predictors of PCSK9 in the whole group. These variables, together with triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, were also associated with PCSK9 in men or women. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and pack-years were PCSK9 independent predictors in women, whereas hypercholesterolemia and physical activity were independent predictors in men. The associations between PCSK9 and latitude, uric acid, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and physical activity were significantly different in men and women (pinteraction <0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Besides confirming the association with lipids in the whole group, our study revealed previously unknown differences in PCSK9 predictors in men and women. These might be taken into account when defining individual risk for CV events and/or for refining PCSK9 lowering treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Ferri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Coggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Bonomi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Amato
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicolò Capra
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria G Lupo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Macchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuela Castelnuovo
- Centro Dislipidemie E. Grossi Paoletti, Ospedale Ca' Granda di Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Kai Savonen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Angela Silveira
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sudhir Kurl
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Philippe Giral
- Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Service Endocrinologie-Metabolisme, Groupe Hôpitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Unités de Prévention Cardiovasculaire, Paris, France
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Health Data Research, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andries J Smit
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen & Isala Clinics Zwolle, Department of Medicine, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Hamamura H, Adachi H, Enomoto M, Fukami A, Nakamura S, Nohara Y, Morikawa N, Sakaue A, Toyomasu K, Yamamoto M, Fukumoto Y. Serum Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) is Independently Associated with Insulin Resistance, Triglycerides, Lipoprotein(a) Levels but not Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in a General Population. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 28:329-337. [PMID: 32624555 PMCID: PMC8147011 DOI: 10.5551/jat.56390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been identified as an important regulator of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor processing. Evolocumab and alirocumab are PCSK9 inhibitors; however, little is known about the association between PCSK9 levels and lipid profiles in a general population. Because PCSK9 inhibitors have LDL-C lowering effects, we investigated whether there is a positive correlation between serum PCSK9 levels and LDL-C or lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. Methods: In Uku town, 674 residents (mean age; 69.2 ± 8.3 years) received health check-ups. The participants underwent a physical examination and blood tests, including PCSK9 and Lp(a). Serum PCSK9 and Lp(a) were measured by ELISA and Latex methods, respectively. HOMA-IR was calculated by fasting plasma glucose × insulin levels/405. Results: The mean (range) of PCSK9 and Lp(a) were 211.2 (49–601) ng/mL and 60 (1–107) mg/dL, respectively. Because of a skewed distribution, the log-transformed values were used. With univariate linear regression analysis, PCSK9 levels were associated with Lp(a) (p = 0.028), triglycerides (p < 0.001), and HOMA-IR (p < 0.001), but not with LDL-C (p = 0.138) levels. Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that serum PCSK9 levels were independently associated with triglycerides (p < 0.001), Lp(a) (p = 0.033) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.041). Conclusions: PCSK-9 is independently associated with triglycerides, Lp(a) levels, and HOMA-IR, but not LDL-C, in a relatively large general population sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Hamamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Hisashi Adachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine.,Department of Community Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Mika Enomoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Ako Fukami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Sachiko Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Yume Nohara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Nagisa Morikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Akiko Sakaue
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Kenta Toyomasu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Maki Yamamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
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13
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Furuhashi M, Sakuma I, Morimoto T, Higashiura Y, Sakai A, Matsumoto M, Sakuma M, Shimabukuro M, Nomiyama T, Arasaki O, Node K, Ueda S. Treatment with anagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, decreases FABP4 concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a high risk for cardiovascular disease who are receiving statin therapy. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:89. [PMID: 32539832 PMCID: PMC7296623 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) acts as a novel adipokine, and elevated FABP4 concentration is associated with obesity, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, a class of antidiabetic drugs, have distinct structures among the drugs, possibly leading to a drug class effect and each drug effect. Sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, has been reported to decrease FABP4 concentration in drug-naïve and sulfonylurea-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Anagliptin, another DPP-4 inhibitor, was shown to decrease low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level to a greater extent than that by sitagliptin in the Randomized Evaluation of Anagliptin vs. Sitagliptin On low-density lipoproteiN cholesterol in diabetes (REASON) trial. Aim and methods As a sub-analysis study using data obtained from the REASON trial, we investigated the effects of treatment with anagliptin (n = 148, male/female: 89/59) and treatment with sitagliptin (n = 159, male/female: 93/66) for 52 weeks on FABP4 concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a high risk for cardiovascular events who were receiving statin therapy. Results The DPP-4 inhibitor had been administered in 82% of the patients in the anagliptin group and 81% of the patients in sitagliptin group prior to randomization. Serum FABP4 level was significantly decreased by 7.9% by treatment with anagliptin (P = 0.049) and was not significantly decreased by treatment with sitagliptin (P = 0.660). Change in FABP4 level was independently associated with basal FABP4 level and changes in waist circumference and creatinine after adjustment of age, sex and the treatment group. Conclusion Anagliptin decreases serum FABP4 concentration independent of change in hemoglobin A1c or LDL-C in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia who are on statin therapy. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02330406. Registered January 5, 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02330406
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Sakuma
- Caress Sapporo Hokko Memorial Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Mio Sakuma
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nomiyama
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Osamu Arasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Tomishiro Central Hospital, Tomigusuku, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ueda
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
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14
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Furuhashi M, Sakuma I, Morimoto T, Higashiura Y, Sakai A, Matsumoto M, Sakuma M, Shimabukuro M, Nomiyama T, Arasaki O, Node K, Ueda S. Independent and Distinct Associations of FABP4 and FABP5 With Metabolic Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:575557. [PMID: 33071982 PMCID: PMC7538548 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.575557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Among fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs), secreted forms of FABP4 and FABP5, which are expressed in adipocytes and macrophages, act as bioactive molecules. We investigated concentrations of FABP4 and FABP5 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: As a sub-analysis study of the Randomized Evaluation of Anagliptin vs. Sitagliptin On low-density lipoproteiN cholesterol in diabetes (REASON) trial, 256 patients (male/female: 146/110, age: 68 ± 10 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia who were receiving statin therapy were recruited. Patients who had been treated with a thiazolidinedione were excluded. Results: Several drugs which may modulate FABP4 levels including statins, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers had been administered in 100, 81, and 51% of the recruited patients, respectively. The level of FABP4, but not that of FABP5, was significantly higher in females than in males. Multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that waist circumference (β = 0.21), estimated glomerular filtration rate (β = -0.31), triglycerides (β = 0.16), and FABP5 (β = 0.39) were independent predictors of FABP4 level after adjusting age and sex. On the other hand, FABP5 level was independently associated with levels of FABP4 (β = 0.57) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (β = -0.12). Conclusions: Concentrations of FABP4 and FABP5 are independent predictors of each other in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. There are distinct independent associations of FABP4 with renal dysfunction, adiposity and hypertriglyceridemia and there is a distinct independent association of FABP5 with a low HDL cholesterol level in type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia at high risks for cardiovascular disease who are receiving statin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masato Furuhashi
| | - Ichiro Sakuma
- Caress Sapporo Hokko Memorial Clinic, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yukimura Higashiura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mio Sakuma
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nomiyama
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Osamu Arasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Tomishiro Central Hospital, Tomigusuku, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ueda
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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15
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Numao S, Nagasawa Y, Goromaru N, Tamaki S. Comparison of plasma fatty acid binding protein 4 concentration in venous and capillary blood. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226374. [PMID: 31826012 PMCID: PMC6905543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is associated with various diseases and simple and less invasive techniques for assessment of FABP4 concentration are required in clinical research setting. The purpose of the present study was to assess the correlation of plasma FABP4 concentration between venous and capillary blood in healthy young adults. Twenty-eight healthy young adults aged from 20 to 26 years (mean age, 22.2 ± 1.4 years, 14 males and 14 females) were included. Paired resting blood samples were taken from the cubital vein (venous) and fingertip (capillary) blood. Plasma FABP4 concentration in both blood was analyzed by enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay. Plasma FABP4 concentration did not differ significantly between venous and capillary blood (−0.11± 0.75 ng/mL, p = 0.447, 95%CI: -0.402–0.182). Pearson’s correlation coefficient for plasma FABP4 concentration between venous and capillary blood samples suggests strong correlation (r = 0.961, p < 0.001). The Bland & Altman plot showed a non-significant bias (−0.11 ± 0.75 ng/mL, p = 0.684) and the 95% limits of agreement ranged from −1.59 to 1.37 ng/mL. FABP4 concentration in both venous and capillary blood was significantly higher in females than in males (venous blood: p = 0.041; capillary blood: p = 0.049). These results suggest that capillary blood sampling can detect gender difference and is useful for the assessment of FABP4 concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeharu Numao
- Department of Sports and Life Sciences, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yoshinori Nagasawa
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
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16
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Abstract
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs), a family of lipid chaperones, contribute to systemic metabolic regulation via several lipid signaling pathways. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), known as adipocyte FABP (A-FABP) or aP2, is mainly expressed in adipocytes and macrophages and plays important roles in the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in relation to metabolically driven low-grade and chronic inflammation, referred to as ‘metaflammation’. FABP4 is secreted from adipocytes in a non-classical pathway associated with lipolysis and acts as an adipokine for the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Circulating FABP4 levels are associated with several aspects of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Ectopic expression and function of FABP4 in cells and tissues are also related to the pathogenesis of several diseases. Pharmacological modification of FABP4 function by specific inhibitors, neutralizing antibodies or antagonists of unidentified receptors would be novel therapeutic strategies for several diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Significant roles of FABP4 as a lipid chaperone in physiological and pathophysiological conditions and the possibility of FABP4 being a therapeutic target for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
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17
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Stroes E, Robinson JG, Raal FJ, Dufour R, Sullivan D, Kassahun H, Ma Y, Wasserman SM, Koren MJ. Consistent LDL-C response with evolocumab among patient subgroups in PROFICIO: A pooled analysis of 3146 patients from phase 3 studies. Clin Cardiol 2018; 41:1328-1335. [PMID: 30120772 PMCID: PMC6489970 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolocumab significantly lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) when dosed 140 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W) or 420 mg monthly (QM) subcutaneously. HYPOTHESIS LDL-C changes are comparable among different patient subgroups in a pooled analysis of data from phase 3 trials. METHODS A total of 3146 patients received ≥1 dose of evolocumab or control in four 12-week phase 3 studies. Percent change from baseline in LDL-C for evolocumab 140 mg Q2W or 420 mg QM vs control was reported as the average of week 10 and 12 values. Quantitative and qualitative interactions between treatment group and subgroup by dose regimen were tested. RESULTS In the pooled analysis, treatment differences vs placebo or ezetimibe were similar for both 140 mg Q2W and 420 mg QM doses across ages (<65 years, ≥65 years); gender; race (Asian, black, white, other); ethnicity (Hispanic, non-Hispanic); region (Europe, North America, Asia Pacific); glucose tolerance status (type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, neither); National Cholesterol Education Program risk categories (high, moderately high, moderate, low); and European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society risk categories (very high, high, moderate, or low). Certain low-magnitude variations in LDL-C lowering among subgroups led to significant quantitative interaction P values that, when tested by qualitative interaction, were not significant. The incidences of adverse events were similar across groups treated with each evolocumab dosing regimen or control. CONCLUSIONS Consistent reductions in LDL-C were observed in the evolocumab group regardless of demographic and disease characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Stroes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jennifer G Robinson
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Frederick J Raal
- Department of Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Robert Dufour
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - David Sullivan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | | | - Yuhui Ma
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | | | - Michael J Koren
- Jacksonville Center for Clinical Research, Jacksonville, Florida
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18
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Furuhashi M, Yuda S, Muranaka A, Kawamukai M, Matsumoto M, Tanaka M, Moniwa N, Ohnishi H, Saitoh S, Shimamoto K, Miura T. Circulating Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 Concentration Predicts the Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in a General Population Without Medication. Circ J 2018; 82:1121-1129. [PMID: 29445067 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-17-1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), which is expressed in both adipocytes and macrophages, is secreted from the cells and acts as an adipokine. An elevated circulating FABP4 level is associated with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.Methods and Results:We investigated the causative association between FABP4 level and progression of atherosclerosis in subjects of the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, a population-based cohort. In 281 subjects without medication (male/female: 109/172) in the year 2010 or 2013, the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) assessed using carotid ultrasonography was significantly correlated with age, adiposity, blood pressure, renal dysfunction and levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, HbA1c and FABP4 (r=0.331, P<0.001). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that age, sex and FABP4 concentration were independent predictors of CIMT. A total of 78 (male/female: 29/49) of the 156 subjects in 2010 underwent carotid ultrasonography again in 2013. The change in CIMT each year during that 3-year period (mean±SD: 3.8±22.3 µm/year) was positively correlated with basal levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (r=0.231, P=0.046) and FABP4 (r=0.267, P=0.018) in 2010. After adjustment for age, sex and hsCRP level, the basal FABP4 level was independently associated with the change in CIMT per year. CONCLUSIONS FABP4 concentration is an independent predictor of the progression of carotid atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Satoshi Yuda
- Devision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Teine Keijinkai Hospital
| | - Atsuko Muranaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Mina Kawamukai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Norihito Moniwa
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Shigeyuki Saitoh
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.,Department of Nursing, Division of Medical and Behavioral Subjects, Sapporo Medical University School of Health Sciences
| | | | - Tetsuji Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
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19
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Fuseya T, Furuhashi M, Matsumoto M, Watanabe Y, Hoshina K, Mita T, Ishimura S, Tanaka M, Miura T. Ectopic Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 Expression in the Vascular Endothelium is Involved in Neointima Formation After Vascular Injury. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.006377. [PMID: 28903937 PMCID: PMC5634290 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP4) is expressed in adipocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells of capillaries but not arteries. FABP4 is secreted from adipocytes in association with lipolysis, and an elevated circulating FABP4 level is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the link between FABP4 and endovascular injury. We investigated the involvement of ectopic FABP4 expression in endothelial cells in neointima hyperplasia after vascular injury. Methods and Results Femoral arteries of 8‐week‐old male mice were subjected to wire‐induced vascular injury. After 4 weeks, immunofluorescence staining showed that FABP4 was ectopically expressed in endothelial cells of the hyperplastic neointima. Neointima formation determined by intima area and intima to media ratio was significantly decreased in FABP4‐defficient mice compared with that in wild‐type mice. Adenovirus‐mediated overexpression of FABP4 in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) in vitro increased inflammatory cytokines and decreased phosphorylation of nitric oxide synthase 3. Furthermore, FABP4 was secreted from HCAECs. Treatment of human coronary smooth muscle cells or HCAECs with the conditioned medium of Fabp4‐overexpressed HCAECs or recombinant FABP4 significantly increased gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and proliferation‐ and adhesion‐related molecules in cells, promoted cell proliferation and migration of human coronary smooth muscle cells, and decreased phosphorylation of nitric oxide synthase 3 in HCAECs, which were attenuated in the presence of an anti‐FABP4 antibody. Conclusions Ectopic expression and secretion of FABP4 in vascular endothelial cells contribute to neointima formation after vascular injury. Suppression of ectopic FABP4 in the vascular endothelium would be a novel strategy against post‐angioplasty vascular restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Fuseya
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hoshina
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Mita
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shutaro Ishimura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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20
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Furuhashi M, Ogura M, Matsumoto M, Yuda S, Muranaka A, Kawamukai M, Omori A, Tanaka M, Moniwa N, Ohnishi H, Saitoh S, Harada-Shiba M, Shimamoto K, Miura T. Serum FABP5 concentration is a potential biomarker for residual risk of atherosclerosis in relation to cholesterol efflux from macrophages. Sci Rep 2017; 7:217. [PMID: 28303004 PMCID: PMC5427929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) from macrophages, the first step in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway, is inversely associated with residual risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and FABP5 are expressed in both adipocytes and macrophages and play significant roles in the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Both FABP4 and FABP5 are secreted from cells, and their circulating levels are associated with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. We investigated the association between CEC and levels of FABP4 and FABP5 in 250 subjects without any medications. CEC was positively correlated with HDL cholesterol level and negatively correlated with concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and FABP5, but not FABP4. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that FABP5 concentration was an independent predictor of CEC after adjustment of age, gender and levels of HDL cholesterol and hsCRP. In 129 of the 250 subjects who underwent carotid ultrasonography, mean intima-media thickness was negatively correlated with CEC and was positively correlated with concentrations of FABP4 and FABP5. In conclusion, in contrast to FABP4, circulating FABP5 is associated with decreased CEC and carotid atherosclerosis, suggesting that FABP5 level is a regulatory factor of CEC and a potential biomarker for residual risk of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Masatsune Ogura
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yuda
- Devision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Muranaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mina Kawamukai
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akina Omori
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norihito Moniwa
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Saitoh
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Nursing, Division of Medical and Behavioral Subjects, Sapporo Medical University School of Health Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuji Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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21
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Yamamoto T, Furuhashi M, Sugaya T, Oikawa T, Matsumoto M, Funahashi Y, Matsukawa Y, Gotoh M, Miura T. Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses in Exogenous FABP4- and FABP5-Treated Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167825. [PMID: 27936164 PMCID: PMC5148007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), which exist near adipocytes in adipose tissue, have been used as a potential tool of regenerative medicine. Lipid chaperones, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and 5 (FABP5), are abundantly expressed in adipocytes. FABP4 has recently been shown to be secreted from adipocytes during lipolysis in a non-classical pathway and may act as an adipokine. Here, we investigated the role of exogenous FABP4 and FABP5 in transcriptional and metabolic regulation in ADSC. FABP4 and FABP5 were little expressed in ADSC. However, both FABP4 and FABP5 were significantly induced after adipocyte differentiation of ADSC and were secreted from the differentiated adipocytes. Analysis of microarray data, including gene ontology enrichment analysis and cascade analysis of the protein-protein interaction network using a transcription factor binding site search, demonstrated that treatment of ADSC with FABP4 or FABP5 affected several kinds of genes related to inflammatory and metabolic responses and the process of cell differentiation. Notably, myogenic factors, including myocyte enhancer factors, myogenic differentiation 1 and myogenin, were modulated by treatment of ADSC with FABP4, indicating that exogenous FABP4 treatment is partially associated with myogenesis in ADSC. Metabolome analysis showed that treatment of ADSC with FABP4 and with FABP5 similarly, but differently in extent, promoted hydrolysis and/or uptake of lipids, consequentially together with enhancement of β oxidation, inhibition of downstream of the glycolysis pathway, accumulation of amino acids, reduction of nucleic acid components and increase in the ratio of reduced and oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphates (NADPH/NADP+), an indicator of reducing power, and the ratio of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine monophosphate (ATP/AMP), an indicator of the energy state, in ADSC. In conclusion, secreted FABP4 and FABP5 from adipocytes as adipokines differentially affect transcriptional and metabolic regulation in ADSC near adipocytes. The adiposity condition in the host of regenerative medicine may affect characteristics of ADSC by exposure of the balance of FABP4 and FABP5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokunori Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sugaya
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- CIMIC Co., Ltd; Mass Building Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Oikawa
- CIMIC Co., Ltd; Mass Building Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Funahashi
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Matsukawa
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Momokazu Gotoh
- Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
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