1
|
Aberer W, Altrichter S, Cerpes U, Hawranek T, Schöffl C, Kinaciyan T. [Hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency, a national disease management programme]. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2023; 135:785-798. [PMID: 38063938 PMCID: PMC10709250 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-023-02298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare, painful, disabling and potentially fatal disease, where early diagnosis and effective treatment are critical. These Austrian guidelines for the diagnosis and management of HAE provide instructions and advice on the state of the art management of HAE in Austria in contrast to global guidelines, where the situation of all countries worldwide must be taken into account. Our goal is to help Austrian physicians to consider HAE as a differential diagnosis with corresponding symptoms, to make rational decisions for the diagnosis and management of HAE with C1-inhibitor deficiency (type 1 or type 2). The guidelines provide information on common and important clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatment modalities, available HAE-specific medications in Austria and last but not least to motivate physicians to refer patients to HAE centers for confirmation of the diagnosis and adequate treatment decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Aberer
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, 8036, Auenbruggerplatz 8, Graz, Österreich.
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Kepler Uniklinikum, Linz, Österreich
| | - Urban Cerpes
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, 8036, Auenbruggerplatz 8, Graz, Österreich
| | - Thomas Hawranek
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Uniklinikum Salzburg, Salzburg, Österreich
| | - Clemens Schöffl
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, 8036, Auenbruggerplatz 8, Graz, Österreich
| | - Tamar Kinaciyan
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maurer M, Magerl M, Betschel S, Aberer W, Ansotegui IJ, Aygören-Pürsün E, Banerji A, Bara NA, Boccon-Gibod I, Bork K, Bouillet L, Boysen HB, Brodszki N, Busse PJ, Bygum A, Caballero T, Cancian M, Castaldo AJ, Cohn DM, Csuka D, Farkas H, Gompels M, Gower R, Grumach AS, Guidos-Fogelbach G, Hide M, Kang HR, Kaplan AP, Katelaris CH, Kiani-Alikhan S, Lei WT, Lockey RF, Longhurst H, Lumry W, MacGinnitie A, Malbran A, Martinez Saguer I, Matta Campos JJ, Nast A, Nguyen D, Nieto-Martinez SA, Pawankar R, Peter J, Porebski G, Prior N, Reshef A, Riedl M, Ritchie B, Sheikh FR, Smith WB, Spaeth PJ, Stobiecki M, Toubi E, Varga LA, Weller K, Zanichelli A, Zhi Y, Zuraw B, Craig T. The international WAO/EAACI guideline for the management of hereditary angioedema - The 2021 revision and update. World Allergy Organ J 2022; 15:100627. [PMID: 35497649 PMCID: PMC9023902 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is a rare and disabling disease for which early diagnosis and effective therapy are critical. This revision and update of the global WAO/EAACI guideline on the diagnosis and management of HAE provides up-to-date guidance for the management of HAE. For this update and revision of the guideline, an international panel of experts reviewed the existing evidence, developed 28 recommendations, and established consensus by an online DELPHI process. The goal of these recommendations and guideline is to help physicians and their patients in making rational decisions in the management of HAE with deficient C1-inhibitor (type 1) and HAE with dysfunctional C1-inhibitor (type 2), by providing guidance on common and important clinical issues, such as: 1) How should HAE be diagnosed? 2) When should HAE patients receive prophylactic on top of on-demand treatment and what treatments should be used? 3) What are the goals of treatment? 4) Should HAE management be different for special HAE patient groups such as children or pregnant/breast feeding women? 5) How should HAE patients monitor their disease activity, impact, and control? It is also the intention of this guideline to help establish global standards for the management of HAE and to encourage and facilitate the use of recommended diagnostics and therapies for all patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Frauhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Magerl
- Institute of Allergology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Frauhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Werner Aberer
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ignacio J. Ansotegui
- Department of Allergy & Immunology, Hospital Quironsalúd Bizkaia, Bilbao-Errandio, Spain
| | - Emel Aygören-Pürsün
- Center for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Aleena Banerji
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Noémi-Anna Bara
- Romanian Hereditary Angioedema Expertise Centre, Mediquest Clinical Research Center, Sangeorgiu de Mures, Romania
| | - Isabelle Boccon-Gibod
- National Reference Center for Angioedema (CREAK), Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence (ACARE), Grenoble Alpes, France
- University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Konrad Bork
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Laurence Bouillet
- National Reference Center for Angioedema (CREAK), Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence (ACARE), Grenoble Alpes, France
- University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Nicholas Brodszki
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Childrens Hospital, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paula J. Busse
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anette Bygum
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Teresa Caballero
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, CIBERER U754, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mauro Cancian
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Danny M. Cohn
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dorottya Csuka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Hungarian Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Henriette Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Hungarian Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mark Gompels
- Clinical Immunology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Gower
- Marycliff Clinical Research, Principle Research Solutions, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Anete S. Grumach
- Clinical Immunology, Centro Universitario FMABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hye-Ryun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Allen P. Kaplan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Constance H. Katelaris
- Department of Medicine, Campbelltown Hospital and Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Wei-Te Lei
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Richard F. Lockey
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Hilary Longhurst
- Department of Immunology, Auckland District Health Board and Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - William Lumry
- Internal Medicine, Allergy Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Andrew MacGinnitie
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alejandro Malbran
- Unidad de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología Clínica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Alexander Nast
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Division of Evidence-Based Medicine Charité–Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Corporate Member of Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dinh Nguyen
- Respiratory, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Vinmec Healthcare System, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | - Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jonathan Peter
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Grzegorz Porebski
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Nieves Prior
- Allergy, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Avner Reshef
- Angiedema Center, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Marc Riedl
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bruce Ritchie
- Departments of Medicine and Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Farrukh Rafique Sheikh
- Section of Adult Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - William B. Smith
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peter J. Spaeth
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marcin Stobiecki
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elias Toubi
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Affiliated with Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lilian Agnes Varga
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Hungarian Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karsten Weller
- Institute of Allergology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Frauhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Zanichelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Ospedale Luigi Sacco-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Yuxiang Zhi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bejing Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Bejing, China
| | - Bruce Zuraw
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Timothy Craig
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maurer M, Magerl M, Betschel S, Aberer W, Ansotegui IJ, Aygören‐Pürsün E, Banerji A, Bara N, Boccon‐Gibod I, Bork K, Bouillet L, Boysen HB, Brodszki N, Busse PJ, Bygum A, Caballero T, Cancian M, Castaldo A, Cohn DM, Csuka D, Farkas H, Gompels M, Gower R, Grumach AS, Guidos‐Fogelbach G, Hide M, Kang H, Kaplan AP, Katelaris C, Kiani‐Alikhan S, Lei W, Lockey R, Longhurst H, Lumry WB, MacGinnitie A, Malbran A, Martinez Saguer I, Matta JJ, Nast A, Nguyen D, Nieto‐Martinez SA, Pawankar R, Peter J, Porebski G, Prior N, Reshef A, Riedl M, Ritchie B, Rafique Sheikh F, Smith WR, Spaeth PJ, Stobiecki M, Toubi E, Varga LA, Weller K, Zanichelli A, Zhi Y, Zuraw B, Craig T. The international WAO/EAACI guideline for the management of hereditary angioedema-The 2021 revision and update. Allergy 2022; 77:1961-1990. [PMID: 35006617 DOI: 10.1111/all.15214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare and disabling disease for which early diagnosis and effective therapy are critical. This revision and update of the global WAO/EAACI guideline on the diagnosis and management of HAE provides up-to-date guidance for the management of HAE. For this update and revision of the guideline, an international panel of experts reviewed the existing evidence, developed 28 recommendations, and established consensus by an online DELPHI process. The goal of these recommendations and guideline is to help physicians and their patients in making rational decisions in the management of HAE with deficient C1 inhibitor (type 1) and HAE with dysfunctional C1 inhibitor (type 2), by providing guidance on common and important clinical issues, such as: (1) How should HAE be diagnosed? (2) When should HAE patients receive prophylactic on top of on-demand treatment and what treatments should be used? (3) What are the goals of treatment? (4) Should HAE management be different for special HAE patient groups such as children or pregnant/breast-feeding women? and (5) How should HAE patients monitor their disease activity, impact, and control? It is also the intention of this guideline to help establish global standards for the management of HAE and to encourage and facilitate the use of recommended diagnostics and therapies for all patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology Berlin Germany
| | - Markus Magerl
- Institute of Allergology Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology Berlin Germany
| | | | - Werner Aberer
- Department of Dermatology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | | | - Emel Aygören‐Pürsün
- Center for Children and Adolescents University Hospital Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany
| | - Aleena Banerji
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Noémi‐Anna Bara
- Romanian Hereditary Angioedema Expertise CentreMediquest Clinical Research Center Sangeorgiu de Mures Romania
| | - Isabelle Boccon‐Gibod
- National Reference Center for Angioedema (CREAK) Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence (ACARE) Grenoble Alpes University Hospital Grenoble France
| | - Konrad Bork
- Department of Dermatology University Medical CenterJohannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany
| | - Laurence Bouillet
- National Reference Center for Angioedema (CREAK) Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence (ACARE) Grenoble Alpes University Hospital Grenoble France
| | | | - Nicholas Brodszki
- Department of Pediatric Immunology Childrens HospitalSkåne University Hospital Lund Sweden
| | | | - Anette Bygum
- Clinical Institute University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
| | - Teresa Caballero
- Allergy Department Hospital Universitario La PazIdiPaz, CIBERER U754 Madrid Spain
| | - Mauro Cancian
- Department of Systems Medicine University Hospital of Padua Padua Italy
| | | | - Danny M. Cohn
- Department of Vascular Medicine Amsterdam UMC/University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Dorottya Csuka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology Hungarian Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary
| | - Henriette Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology Hungarian Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary
| | - Mark Gompels
- Clinical Immunology North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Richard Gower
- Marycliff Clinical ResearchPrinciple Research Solutions Spokane Washington USA
| | | | | | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology Hiroshima Citizens Hospital Hiroshima Japan
- Department of Dermatology Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Hye‐Ryun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Allen Phillip Kaplan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunology Medical university of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA
| | - Constance Katelaris
- Department of Medicine Campbelltown Hospital and Western Sydney University Sydney NSW Australia
| | | | - Wei‐Te Lei
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Department of Pediatrics Mackay Memorial Hospital Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Richard Lockey
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Internal Medicine Morsani College of MedicineUniversity of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Hilary Longhurst
- Department of Immunology Auckland District Health Board and Department of MedicineUniversity of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - William B. Lumry
- Internal Medicine Allergy Division University of Texas Health Science Center Dallas Texas USA
| | - Andrew MacGinnitie
- Division of Immunology Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Alejandro Malbran
- Unidad de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología Clínica Buenos Aires Argentina
| | | | | | - Alexander Nast
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Division of Evidence‐Based Medicine Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Free University of BerlinHumboldt University of Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Dinh Nguyen
- Respiratory, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit Internal Medicine Department Vinmec Healthcare System College of Health SciencesVinUniversity Hanoi Vietnam
| | | | - Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan
| | - Jonathan Peter
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
- Allergy and Immunology Unit University of Cape Town Lung Institute Cape Town South Africa
| | - Grzegorz Porebski
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland
| | - Nieves Prior
- Allergy Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa Madrid Spain
| | - Avner Reshef
- Angioderma CenterBarzilai University Medical Center Ashkelon Israel
| | - Marc Riedl
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Bruce Ritchie
- Departments of Medicine and Medical Oncology University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Farrukh Rafique Sheikh
- Section of Adult Allergy & Immunology Department of Medicine King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - William R. Smith
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Peter J. Spaeth
- Institute of PharmacologyUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Marcin Stobiecki
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland
| | - Elias Toubi
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Bnai Zion Medical CenterAffiliated with Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion‐Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Lilian Agnes Varga
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology Hungarian Angioedema Center of Reference and Excellence Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary
| | - Karsten Weller
- Institute of Allergology Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology Berlin Germany
| | - Andrea Zanichelli
- Department of Internal Medicine ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco Ospedale Luigi Sacco‐University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Yuxiang Zhi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Bejing Union Medical College Hospital & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Bejing China
| | - Bruce Zuraw
- University of California, San Diego San Diego California USA
| | - Timothy Craig
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics Penn State University Hershey Pennsylvania USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bork K, Anderson JT, Caballero T, Craig T, Johnston DT, Li HH, Longhurst HJ, Radojicic C, Riedl MA. Assessment and management of disease burden and quality of life in patients with hereditary angioedema: a consensus report. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2021; 17:40. [PMID: 33875020 PMCID: PMC8056543 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-021-00537-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease characterized by unpredictable, potentially life-threatening attacks, resulting in significant physical and emotional burdens for patients and families. To optimize care for patients with HAE, an individualized management plan should be considered in partnership with the physician, requiring comprehensive assessment of the patient's frequency and severity of attacks, disease burden, and therapeutic control. Although several guidelines and consensus papers have been published concerning the diagnosis and treatment of HAE, there has been limited specific clinical guidance on the assessment of disease burden and quality of life (QoL) in this patient population. Practical guidance is critical in supporting effective long-term clinical management of HAE and improving patient outcomes. The objective of this review is to provide evidence-based guidelines for an individualized assessment of disease burden and QoL in patients with HAE. METHODS A consensus meeting was held on February 29, 2020, consisting of 9 HAE experts from the United States and Europe with extensive clinical experience in the treatment of HAE. Consensus statements were developed based on a preliminary literature review and discussions from the consensus meeting. RESULTS Final statements reflect the consensus of the expert panel and include the assessment of attack severity, evaluation of disease burden, and long-term clinical management of HAE caused by C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency. Patient-reported outcome measures for assessing HAE attack severity and frequency are available and valuable tools; however, attack frequency and severity are insufficient markers of disease severity unless they are evaluated in the broader context of the effect on an individual patient's QoL. QoL assessments should be individualized for each patient and minimally, they should address the interference of HAE with work, school, social, family, and physical activity, along with access to and burden of HAE treatment. Advances in HAE therapies offer the opportunity for comprehensive, individualized treatment plans, allowing patients to achieve minimal attack burden with reduced disease and treatment burden. CONCLUSION This consensus report builds on existing guidelines by expanding the assessment of disease burden and QoL measures for patients with HAE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Bork
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - John T Anderson
- Clinical Research Center of Alabama, 504 Brookwood Boulevard, Suite 250, Birmingham, AL, 35209, USA
| | - Teresa Caballero
- Allergy Department, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPaz), Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER, U754), Paseo Castellana 261, 28406, Madrid, Spain
| | - Timothy Craig
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Penn State University, 200 Campus Drive, Suite 1300, Entrance 4, Hershey, University Park, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Douglas T Johnston
- Asthma and Allergy Specialists, 8405 Providence Road, Suite 300, Charlotte, NC, 28277, USA
| | - H Henry Li
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy, 2 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 250, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Hilary J Longhurst
- Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge Universities NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge and University College Hospital London, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Cristine Radojicic
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, 1821 Hillandale Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Marc A Riedl
- University of California San Diego, 8899 University Center Ln, San Diego, CA, 92122, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Christiansen SC, Zuraw BL. Hereditary angioedema: On-demand treatment of angioedema attacks. Allergy Asthma Proc 2020; 41:S26-S29. [PMID: 33109322 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2020.41.200066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The availability of effective acute treatment for angioedema has been fundamental in reducing the burden of illness for patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE). In building on the foundation of scientific advances that elucidate the pathomechanism(s) of attacks related to vascular permeability, novel targeted on-demand treatments have been developed and approved. These therapies have provided the means to arrest episodes of swelling, which, in the past, had the potential to inexorably lead to morbidity, and even mortality, for patients with HAE. Access to these medications, along with an emphasis on early administration and guidance that all attacks are candidates for treatment, has shifted the management paradigm for HAE. Although unmet needs remain, these acute therapies, coupled with advances in prophylactic treatment, have furthered the goal for all patients with HAE to live a normal life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruce L. Zuraw
- From the University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Busse PJ, Christiansen SC, Riedl MA, Banerji A, Bernstein JA, Castaldo AJ, Craig T, Davis-Lorton M, Frank MM, Li HH, Lumry WR, Zuraw BL. US HAEA Medical Advisory Board 2020 Guidelines for the Management of Hereditary Angioedema. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 9:132-150.e3. [PMID: 32898710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Scientific and clinical progress together with the development of effective novel therapeutic options has engendered multiple important changes in the diagnosis and management of hereditary angioedema (HAE). We now update and extend the 2013 United States Hereditary Angioedema Association Medical Advisory Board guidelines for the treatment and management of HAE. The guidelines are based on a comprehensive literature review with recommendations indicating both the strength of our recommendation and the quality of the underlying evidence. Guidelines are provided regarding the classification, diagnosis, on-demand treatment, prophylactic treatment, special considerations for women and children, development of a comprehensive management and monitoring plan, and assessment of burden of illness for both HAE due to C1 inhibitor deficiency and HAE with normal C1 inhibitor. Advances in HAE treatment now allow the development of management plans that can help many patients with HAE lead a normal life. Achieving this goal requires that physicians be familiar with the diagnostic and therapeutic transformations that have occurred in recent years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula J Busse
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sandra C Christiansen
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Marc A Riedl
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Aleena Banerji
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Division of Immunology, Rheumatology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Timothy Craig
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Graduate Studies, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pa
| | - Mark Davis-Lorton
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, NY
| | - Michael M Frank
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - H Henry Li
- Medicine Service, Institute for Asthma and Allergy, Chevy Chase, Md
| | - William R Lumry
- Allergy and Asthma Research Associates Research Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Bruce L Zuraw
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif; San Diego Veterans Administration Healthcare, San Diego, Calif.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Affiliation(s)
- Paula J Busse
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (P.J.B.); and the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego (S.C.C.)
| | - Sandra C Christiansen
- From the Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (P.J.B.); and the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego (S.C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Arcoleo F, Lo Pizzo M, Misiano G, Milano S, Romano GC, Muggeo V, Cillari E. The complex alteration in the network of IL-17-type cytokines in patients with hereditary angioedema. Clin Exp Med 2018; 18:355-361. [PMID: 29623491 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-018-0499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomic-dominant disorder characterized by a deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor which causes episodic swellings of subcutaneous tissues, bowel walls and upper airways that are disabling and potentially life-threatening. We evaluated n = 17 patients with confirmed HAE diagnosis during attack and remission state and n = 19 healthy subjects. The samples were tested for a panel of IL (Interleukin)-17-type cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) subtypes. Data indicate that there are variations of cytokine levels in HAE subjects comparing the condition during the crisis respect to the value in the remission phase, in particular type 17 signature cytokines are increased, whereas IL-23 is unmodified and TGF-β3 is significantly reduced. When comparing healthy and HAE subjects in the remission state, we found a significant difference for IL-17, GM-CSF, IL-21, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 cytokines. These results confirm and extend our previous findings indicating that in HAE there is operating an inflammatory activation process, which involves also T helper 17 (Th17) cytokines and TGF-β isoforms, associated with localized angioedema attacks and characterized by elevated bradykinin levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Arcoleo
- Patologia Clinica Presidio Ospedaliero V. Cervello, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Lo Pizzo
- Patologia Clinica Presidio Ospedaliero V. Cervello, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Misiano
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche (DIBIMED), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Milano
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche (DIBIMED), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Colonna Romano
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche (DIBIMED), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vito Muggeo
- Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Aziendali e Statistiche, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Enrico Cillari
- Dipartimento Immunologia Allergologia, Istituto Medico Europeo (ISME), Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Veszeli N, Kőhalmi KV, Kajdácsi E, Gulyás D, Temesszentandrási G, Cervenak L, Farkas H, Varga L. Complete kinetic follow-up of symptoms and complement parameters during a hereditary angioedema attack. Allergy 2018; 73:516-520. [PMID: 28986975 DOI: 10.1111/all.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We studied the kinetics of C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) and other complement parameters in a self-limited edematous attack (EA) in a patient with hereditary angioedema due to C1-INH deficiency to better understand the pathomechanism of the evolution, course, and complete resolution of EAs. C1-INH concentration and functional activity (C1-INHc+f ), C1(q,r,s), C3, C4, C3a, C4a, C5a, and SC5b-9 levels were measured in blood samples obtained during the 96-hour observation period. The highest C1-INHc+f , C4, and C1(q,r,s) levels were measured at baseline, and their continuous decrease was observed during the entire observation period. C4 depletion started at prodromal phase, and C4 was lowest after the maximum severity peak. Compared to baseline, C4a level was four times higher 7 hours before the onset of the attack. C1-INH did not increase after resolution of the attack suggesting that factors other than C1-INH may be important in this process. C4a may be a useful biomarker for the prediction of EAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Veszeli
- Research Laboratory; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
- Hungarian Angioedema Center; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - K. V. Kőhalmi
- Research Laboratory; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
- Hungarian Angioedema Center; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - E. Kajdácsi
- Research Laboratory; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - D. Gulyás
- Research Laboratory; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - G. Temesszentandrási
- Hungarian Angioedema Center; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - L. Cervenak
- Research Laboratory; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - H. Farkas
- Research Laboratory; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
- Hungarian Angioedema Center; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - L. Varga
- Research Laboratory; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
- Hungarian Angioedema Center; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) patients experience recurrent local swelling in various parts of the body including painful swelling of the intestine and life-threatening laryngeal oedema. Most HAE literature is about attacks located in one anatomical site, though it is mentioned that HAE attacks may also involve multiple anatomical sites simultaneously. A detailed description of such multi-location attacks is currently lacking. This study investigated the occurrence, severity and clinical course of HAE attacks with multiple anatomical locations. HAE patients included in a clinical database of recombinant human C1-inhibitor (rhC1INH) studies were evaluated. Visual analog scale scores filled out by the patients for various symptoms at various locations and investigator symptoms scores during the attack were analysed. Data of 219 eligible attacks in 119 patients was analysed. Thirty-three patients (28%) had symptoms at multiple locations in anatomically unrelated regions at the same time during their first attack. Up to five simultaneously affected locations were reported. The observation that severe HAE attacks often affect multiple sites in the body suggests that HAE symptoms result from a systemic rather than from a local process as is currently believed.
Collapse
|
11
|
Hofman ZL, Relan A, Zeerleder S, Drouet C, Zuraw B, Hack CE. Angioedema attacks in patients with hereditary angioedema: Local manifestations of a systemic activation process. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:359-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
12
|
Farkas H. Conestat alfa: an orphan drug for the treatment of hereditary angioedema. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2016. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2016.1153965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
13
|
Moldovan D, Bernstein JA, Cicardi M. Recombinant replacement therapy for hereditary angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency. Immunotherapy 2015; 7:739-52. [DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary angioedema is a rare genetic condition transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized most commonly by the production of either inadequate or nonfunctioning C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), a blood protein that regulates proteases in the complement, fibrinolytic and contact systems. Patients with hereditary angioedema suffer from episodic, unpredictable manifestations of edema affecting multiple anatomical locations, including the GI tract, facial tissue, the upper airway, oropharynx, urogenital region and/or the arms and legs. A rational approach to treatment is replacement of C1-INH protein, to normalize the levels of C1-INH activity and halt the progression of the biochemical activation processes underlying the edema formation. Ruconest is a highly purified recombinant human C1-INH. This article will focus on the results of ten clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy and safety of Ruconest® (Pharming Group NV, Leiden, the Netherlands), which is now approved for use in Europe, Israel and the USA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dumitru Moldovan
- University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Mures County Hospital, 1 Marinescu St, 540103 Tîrgu Mures, Romania
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Allergy Section, Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way ML#563 Room 7413, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0563, USA
| | - Marco Cicardi
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, University of Milan, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bork K, Craig TJ, Bernstein JA, Feuersenger H, Machnig T, Staubach P. Efficacy of C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate in treatment of cutaneous attacks of hereditary angioedema. Allergy Asthma Proc 2015; 36:218-24. [PMID: 25803207 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2015.36.3844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although treatment with C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) concentrate is well established for hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks in general, data that assess its efficacy for cutaneous attack treatment are sparse. OBJECTIVE To assess efficacy of plasma-derived, nanofiltered C1-INH concentrate for cutaneous attack treatment by comparing treated attacks from the uncontrolled I.M.P.A.C.T.2 study with historical data for untreated attacks. METHODS Cutaneous attack data from patients with HAE who were treated for cutaneous edema with 20 IU/kg body weight C1-INH concentrate in the uncontrolled I.M.P.A.C.T.2 study (38 patients) were compared with data from untreated patients from an historical data base (46 patients) and included subset analyses for facial edema (treated group, 21 patients; untreated group, 33 patients) and peripheral edema (30 patients in each group). Average attack duration (AAD) per patient was the efficacy end point used to compare treated and untreated patients. Differences were assessed with a Wilcoxon test (primary analysis) and a log-rank test; AAD per patient was analyzed descriptively and graphically with Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS The AAD per patient of all cutaneous attacks or facial and peripheral cutaneous attack subsets was significantly faster with C1-INH treatment than without treatment (Wilcoxon and log-rank tests, both p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Mean AADs per patient for all, facial, and peripheral attacks were 2.04, 1.45, and 2.16 days, respectively, in the C1-INH-treated group, and were 3.74, 4.45, and 2.98 days, respectively, in the untreated group. Kaplan-Meier curves corroborated the observed group differences. CONCLUSION Treatment of cutaneous HAE attacks (all attacks or facial and peripheral attack subsets) with 20 IU/kg C1-INH concentrate provided faster attack resolution compared with no treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Bork
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Schulkes KJG, Van den Elzen MT, Hack EC, Otten HG, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CAFM, Knulst AC. Clinical similarities among bradykinin-mediated and mast cell-mediated subtypes of non-hereditary angioedema: a retrospective study. Clin Transl Allergy 2015; 5:5. [PMID: 25664168 PMCID: PMC4320604 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-015-0049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-hereditary angioedema (non-HAE) is characterized by local swelling due to self-limiting, subcutaneous or submucosal extravasation of fluid, and can be divided into three subtypes. These subtypes are believed to have different pathophysiological backgrounds and are referred to in recent guidelines as bradykinin-mediated (e.g. caused by angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors), mast cell-mediated (e.g. angioedema with wheals) or idiopathic (cause unknown). Bradykinin-mediated subtypes are more closely related to hereditary angioedema than the other forms. Because clinical features of these non-HAE subtypes have not been studied in detail, we have looked at the clinical characteristics of symptoms and potential differences in clinical presentation of bradykinin-mediated and mast cell-mediated angioedema (AE) subtypes. Methods A questionnaire was sent to patients presenting with AE at our tertiary outpatient clinic to document clinical characteristics, potential triggers and location of AE. The severity of AE attacks was analysed using visual analogue scales (VAS). Results The questionnaire was returned by 106 patients, of which 104 were included in the analysis. AE with wheals, idiopathic AE, and drug-associated AE occurred in 64 (62%), 25 (24%) and 15 patients (14%) respectively. Most patients (62%) reported prodromal symptoms while 63% reported multiple locations for an attack. Face and oropharynx were the main locations of AE attacks of any subtype while swelling was the symptom most frequently reported as severe. Overall severity of the last attack was indicated as severe by 68% of the patients. There were no differences between the subgroups. Conclusion This similarity in clinical presentation raises the possibility that ACEi-induced, mast cell-mediated and idiopathic AE share common pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13601-015-0049-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn J G Schulkes
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht (G02.124), PO Box 85.500, Utrecht, 3508 GA The Netherlands
| | - Mignon T Van den Elzen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht (G02.124), PO Box 85.500, Utrecht, 3508 GA The Netherlands
| | - Erik C Hack
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht (G02.124), PO Box 85.500, Utrecht, 3508 GA The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Henderikus G Otten
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Carla A F M Bruijnzeel-Koomen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht (G02.124), PO Box 85.500, Utrecht, 3508 GA The Netherlands
| | - André C Knulst
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht (G02.124), PO Box 85.500, Utrecht, 3508 GA The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hofman ZLM, Relan A, Hack CE. C-reactive protein levels in hereditary angioedema. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:280-6. [PMID: 24588117 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) patients experience recurrent episodes of angioedema attacks that can be painful, disfiguring and even life-threatening. The disorder results from a mutation in the gene that controls the synthesis of C1-inhibitor (C1INH). C1INH is a major regulator of activation of the contact system. It is often assumed that attacks results from uncontrolled local activation of the contact system with subsequent formation of bradykinin. To evaluate the involvement of inflammatory reactions in HAE, we analysed C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. HAE patients included in a clinical database of recombinant human C1-inhibitor (rhC1INH) studies were evaluated. For the current study we analysed CRP levels when patients were asymptomatic, during a clinical attack and in a follow-up period, and correlated these with the clinical manifestations of the attack. Data from 68 HAE patients were analysed and included CRP levels on 273 occasions. While asymptomatic, 20% of the patients analysed had increased CRP. At the onset of the attack (P = 0·049) and during the next 24 h CRP rose significantly (P = 0·002) in patients with an abdominal location, and post-attack levels were significantly higher in these patients than in patients with attacks at other locations (P = 0·034). In conclusion, CRP levels are elevated in a substantial proportion of asymptomatic HAE patients. Levels of CRP increase significantly during an abdominal attack. These data suggest low-grade systemic inflammatory reactions in HAE patients as well as a triggering event for attacks that starts prior to symptom onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z L M Hofman
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chyung Y, Vince B, Iarrobino R, Sexton D, Kenniston J, Faucette R, TenHoor C, Stolz LE, Stevens C, Biedenkapp J, Adelman B. A phase 1 study investigating DX-2930 in healthy subjects. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2014; 113:460-6.e2. [PMID: 24980392 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DX-2930 is a human monoclonal antibody inhibitor of plasma kallikrein under investigation for long-term prophylaxis of hereditary angioedema. OBJECTIVE To assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of DX-2930 in healthy subjects. METHODS A single-center, double-blinded study was performed in 32 healthy subjects randomized 3:1 to receive a single subcutaneous administration of DX-2930 or placebo within 1 of 4 sequential, ascending dose cohorts (n = 8 each): 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 mg/kg. RESULTS No dose-limiting toxicity was observed. Headache was the most commonly reported treatment emergent adverse event (AE), occurring at a rate of 25% in the DX-2930- and placebo-treated groups; none were severe and all resolved. There were no serious AEs, discontinuations owing to an AE, or deaths. Two subjects had a severe AE reported as related to treatment by the blinded investigator; the 2 AEs were asymptomatic creatinine phosphokinase elevations of 902 U/L in 1 subject receiving 0.1 mg/kg DX-2930 and 1,967 U/L in 1 subject receiving placebo. For the 0.1-, 0.3-, 1.0-, and 3.0-mg/kg dose groups, respectively, mean maximum plasma concentrations were 0.6, 1.4, 5.6, and 14.5 μg/mL and mean elimination half-lives were 20.6, 16.8, 17.6, and 21.2 days. Exploratory biomarker assays, involving ex vivo activation of the kallikrein pathway, showed dose- and time-dependent inhibition of plasma kallikrein, with evidence of sustained bioactivity consistent with the pharmacokinetics profile. CONCLUSION A single administration of DX-2930 in healthy subjects up to doses of 3.0 mg/kg was well tolerated without dose-limiting toxicity. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data provide evidence for a long-acting biological effect relevant to long-term prophylaxis for hereditary angioedema with C1-inhibitor deficiency. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01923207.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bradley Vince
- Vince & Associates Clinical Research, Overland Park, Kansas
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zuraw BL, Banerji A, Bernstein JA, Busse PJ, Christiansen SC, Davis-Lorton M, Frank MM, Li HH, Lumry WR, Riedl M. US Hereditary Angioedema Association Medical Advisory Board 2013 recommendations for the management of hereditary angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2013; 1:458-67. [PMID: 24565617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE) has undergone dramatic changes as newer medicines have become available in recent years. Optimal care of these patients requires a comprehensive management plan. Although several consensus papers have been published concerning the diagnosis and treatment of HAE, guidelines for a comprehensive management plan have not been developed. OBJECTIVE To develop state-of-the-art recommendations for the treatment and management of HAE due to C1 inhibitor (C1INH) deficiency in the United States. METHODS Members of the US Hereditary Angioedema Association Medical Advisory Board began by reviewing the literature concerning treatment of HAE. Preliminary recommendations were developed based on the literature review, discussions in a face-to-face meeting, and refinements in a series of drafts. Final recommendations reflect the unanimous consensus of the medical advisory board and the US Hereditary Angioedema Association leadership. RESULTS Recommendations are provided regarding a comprehensive care plan for HAE, including the following: development of an overall management plan, treatment of angioedema attacks, prophylactic treatment, and patient monitoring. CONCLUSION A comprehensive individualized management plan developed between an expert HAE physician and the patient, in collaboration with local medical providers and emergency departments, can provide patients with the best opportunity to lead a normal life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce L Zuraw
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif; Medicine Service, San Diego Veterans Administration Healthcare, San Diego, Calif.
| | - Aleena Banerji
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Division of Immunology/Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Paula J Busse
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sandra C Christiansen
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif; Allergy Department, Southern California Kaiser Permanente, San Diego, Calif
| | - Mark Davis-Lorton
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY
| | - Michael M Frank
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Henry H Li
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy, Chevy Chase, Md
| | | | - Marc Riedl
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
|