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Bossola M, Mariani I, Antocicco M, Pepe G, Spoliti C, Di Stasio E. Interdialytic weight gain and low-salt diet in patients on chronic hemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:105-112. [PMID: 38941185 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the difference in the interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) between low salt intake diet and normal/high salt intake diet or between nutritional counseling aimed at reducing diet salt intake and no nutritional counseling in patients on chronic hemodialysis. METHODS Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Randomized, crossover or parallel studies and observational studies were considered for inclusion and: 1) included adult patients on chronic hemodialysis since at least 6 months; 2) compared normal salt intake diet with low salt intake diet on IDWG; 3) compared nutritional counseling aimed at reducing diet salt intake with no intervention on IDWG; 4) reported on IDWG. RESULTS Eight articles (783 patients) were fully assessed for eligibility and included in the investigation. Meta-analysis showed frequencies of patients that increased their weight after dialysis more than 2.5 Kg (events) over total enrolled subjects for each group (control and experimental). As no significant heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 8%; p = 0.36), the pooled analysis was performed using a fixed-effect model. Funnel plot was generated and no obvious asymmetry was observed. The Overall Odds Ratio to get an event in the experimental group, in respect to controls, is 0.57 (0.33-0.97) (p = 0.04] with single studies OR ranging between 0.11 and 1.08. CONCLUSION The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that the use of a low salt diet sodium or a nutritional counseling aimed at reducing diet salt intake is associated with a statistically significant reduction of the IDWG in patients on chronic hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Bossola
- Servizio Emodialisi, Policlinico Universitario Fondazione A. Gemelli IRCCS, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Mariani
- Servizio Emodialisi, Policlinico Universitario Fondazione A. Gemelli IRCCS, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Antocicco
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Divisione di Geriatria, Neuroscienza e Ortopedia, Policlinico Universitario Fondazione A. Gemelli IRCCS, Italy
| | - Gilda Pepe
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Policlinico Universitario Fondazione A. Gemelli IRCCS, Italy
| | - Claudia Spoliti
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze biotecnologiche di base, cliniche intensivologiche e perioperatorie, Policlinico Universitario Fondazione A. Gemelli IRCCS, Italy
| | - Enrico Di Stasio
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze biotecnologiche di base, cliniche intensivologiche e perioperatorie, Policlinico Universitario Fondazione A. Gemelli IRCCS, Italy
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Honda S, Katsumata Y, Karasawa K, Yamanaka H, Harigai M. Management of End-stage Renal Disease Associated with Systemic Rheumatic Diseases. JMA J 2020; 3:20-28. [PMID: 33324772 PMCID: PMC7733740 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2019-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The outcomes of rheumatic diseases (RDs) have improved over the past decades. However, a significant proportion of the patients still suffer from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and have to bear the burden of hemodialysis. It is crucial to prevent patients with RDs from developing ESRD from viewpoints of medicine and medical economics. For those who already have ESRD, it is important to improve vial prognosis and quality of life through appropriate management of disease activity and comorbidities related to ESRD. Thus, rheumatologists and nephrologists need to recognize risk factors associated with progression to ESRD along with their appropriate management. Although the activity of most RDs tends to decrease after initiation of hemodialysis, disease activity may still increase, and recognizing how to appropriately use immunosuppressive agents even after the development of ESRD is crucial. The treatment of RDs needs extra attention as hydroxychloroquine requires more frequent monitoring for adverse drug reactions; therapeutic drug monitoring is necessary for mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine A, and tacrolimus; cyclophosphamide and azathioprine need dose adjustments; methotrexate and bucillamine are contraindicated in patients with ESRD; leflunomide and sulfasalazine do not require significant dose reduction and iguratimod should be carefully administered. The pharmacokinetics of biological agents such as rituximab or belimumab are not affected by ESRD, and dose adjustments are not necessary. Collaboration between rheumatologists and nephrologists is needed more than ever and is expected to produce a complementary effect and achieve better outcomes in clinical settings, although this cooperation has not always been conducted appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Honda
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Katsumata
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Karasawa
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamanaka
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Harigai
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Epidemiology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Yoo KD, Kim CT, Kwon S, Lee J, Oh YK, Kang SW, Yang CW, Kim YL, Kim YS, Lim CS, Lee JP. Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System Blockades Does Not Protect Residual Renal Function in Patients with Hemodialysis at 1 Year After Dialysis Initiation: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18103. [PMID: 31792268 PMCID: PMC6889305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade on residual renal function (RRF) in patients who have just initiated hemodialysis (HD) have been inconclusive. In this study, 935 patients with incident HD from a nationwide prospective observational cohort in Korea were included for analysis. The primary outcome showed that RRF as demonstrated by urine volume changes over 0, 3, and 12 months differed between the RAAS blockade and control groups. Mixed-effects linear regression was used to compare RRF between the groups. Patients in the RAAS group had a greater proportion of higher urine volume at study enrollment compared to the control group, but there was no difference in baseline characteristics, heart function, and dialysis-related indices. After adjusting for confounding factors, the RAAS group did not provide a significant benefit to RRF in a mixed-effects linear regression (p = 0.51). Male gender, high Charlson comorbidity index, diuretic use, and high weekly ultrafiltration volume were associated with faster decline in RRF. The RAAS group failed to provide a protective effect for the development of anuria 1 year after initiating dialysis based on the multivariate logistic regression (OR 0.73 95% CI 0.25-2.13, p = 0.57). In Korean patients with incident HD, RAAS blockade did not provide a protective effect for RRF after 1 year. Further research is needed to clarify the optimal treatment for preserving RRF in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Don Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Clara Tammy Kim
- Institute of Life and Death Studies, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Soie Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Lim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Aldosterone Antagonists Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in Dialysis Patients: A Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1925243. [PMID: 30941188 PMCID: PMC6421009 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1925243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose. Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in dialysis patients. Although aldosterone antagonists were considered a treatment for severe heart failure patients to reduce cardiac mortality, whether treating patients undergoing maintenance dialysis with aldosterone antagonists could reduce the risk of cardiocerebrovascular (CCV) remains unclear. We aim to systematically assess the efficacy and tolerability of the addition of aldosterone antagonists to conventional therapy in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis. Materials and Methods. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for relevant articles. The primary endpoint of interest was CCV mortality. The secondary endpoints were all-cause mortality, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's test. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software version 5.3. Results. This analysis included 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 1172 total chronic dialysis patients. The use of aldosterone antagonists in the dialysis population resulted in a marked reduction in CCV mortality (RR 0.42, 95% CI 0.26-0.65, P=0.0002) and all-cause mortality (RR0.46, 95%CI 0.32-0.66, P<0.0001). The LVEF was improved by treatment with aldosterone antagonists (WMD 6.35%, P<0.00001). Moreover, aldosterone antagonists decreased the LVMI (WMD -8.69 g/m2, P=0.0006), whereas aldosterone antagonists increased the occurrence of hyperkalemia (RR1.70, 95%CI 1-2.88, P=0.05) and gynecomastia (RR 8.01, 95% CI 2.44- 26.27, P=0.0006). Conclusions. Addition of aldosterone antagonists to conventional treatment in chronic dialysis patients may reduce CCV mortality, improve cardiac function, and simultaneously decrease LVMI.
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Zeglinski MR, Moghadam AR, Ande SR, Sheikholeslami K, Mokarram P, Sepehri Z, Rokni H, Mohtaram NK, Poorebrahim M, Masoom A, Toback M, Sareen N, Saravanan S, Jassal DS, Hashemi M, Marzban H, Schaafsma D, Singal P, Wigle JT, Czubryt MP, Akbari M, Dixon IM, Ghavami S, Gordon JW, Dhingra S. Myocardial Cell Signaling During the Transition to Heart Failure. Compr Physiol 2018; 9:75-125. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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O'Brien SL, Johnstone EKM, Devost D, Conroy J, Reichelt ME, Purdue BW, Ayoub MA, Kawai T, Inoue A, Eguchi S, Hébert TE, Pfleger KDG, Thomas WG. BRET-based assay to monitor EGFR transactivation by the AT 1R reveals G q/11 protein-independent activation and AT 1R-EGFR complexes. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 158:232-242. [PMID: 30347205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The type 1 angiotensin II (AngII) receptor (AT1R) transactivates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which leads to pathological remodeling of heart, blood vessels and kidney. End-point assays are used as surrogates of EGFR activation, however these downstream readouts are not applicable to live cells, in real-time. Herein, we report the use of a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based assay to assess recruitment of the EGFR adaptor protein, growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), to the EGFR. In a variety of cell lines, both epidermal growth factor (EGF) and AngII stimulated Grb2 recruitment to EGFR. The BRET assay was used to screen a panel of 9 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and further developed for other EGFR family members (HER2 and HER3); the AT1R was able to transactivate HER2, but not HER3. Mechanistically, AT1R-mediated ERK1/2 activation was dependent on Gq/11 and EGFR tyrosine kinase activity, whereas the recruitment of Grb2 to the EGFR was independent of Gq/11 and only partially dependent on EGFR tyrosine kinase activity. This Gq/11 independence of EGFR transactivation was confirmed using AT1R mutants and in CRISPR cell lines lacking Gq/11. EGFR transactivation was also apparently independent of β-arrestins. Finally, we used additional BRET-based assays and confocal microscopy to provide evidence that both AngII- and EGF-stimulation promoted AT1R-EGFR heteromerization. In summary, we report an alternative approach to monitoring AT1R-EGFR transactivation in live cells, which provides a more direct and proximal view of this process, including the potential for complexes between the AT1R and EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L O'Brien
- Receptor Biology Group, The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth K M Johnstone
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Dominic Devost
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jacinta Conroy
- Receptor Biology Group, The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melissa E Reichelt
- Receptor Biology Group, The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brooke W Purdue
- Receptor Biology Group, The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mohammed A Ayoub
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Terence E Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin D G Pfleger
- Molecular Endocrinology and Pharmacology, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Dimerix Limited, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Walter G Thomas
- Receptor Biology Group, The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Cardiac and Vasculature Biology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia.
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Shalkami AGS, Hassan MIA, Abd El-Ghany AA. Perindopril regulates the inflammatory mediators, NF-κB/TNF-α/IL-6, and apoptosis in cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 391:1247-1255. [PMID: 30066022 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is an essential chemotherapeutic drug used over the world against many types of cancer. It has several side effects such as ototoxicity, myelosuppression, and nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity is the most dangerous and is considered a dose-limiting one. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis are involved in this toxicity. This study was conducted to focus on the impact of perindopril (PER) against CP-induced nephrotoxicity in rat. Male albino rats were divided to control, rats received a single dose of CP, rats received PER, and rats co-received PER and CP. Nephrotoxicity evoked by CP challenge was characterized histologically and biochemically including significant increase in relative kidney/body weight ratio and serum urea and creatinine. Additionally, CP markedly increased renal tissue content of malondialdehyde (MDA) while decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) and depleted glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity. CP produced significant increase in the inflammation biomarkers; nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interlukine-6 (IL-6). Administration of CP clearly upregulated caspase-3, while it downregulated B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) gene expressions. Perindopril treatment showed a significant restoration in the pathological alterations histologically and biochemically, which are provoked by CP administration. Altogether, these results suggested a good therapeutic role of PER against CP-induced nephrotoxicity through its influence on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Gawad S Shalkami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed I A Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Abd El-Ghany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
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Peritoneal dialysis: The unique features by compartmental delivery of renal replacement therapy. Med Hypotheses 2017; 108:128-132. [PMID: 29055386 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, the clinical efficacy of peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains enigmatic. We may wonder why the modality fail in some patients but perhaps the more proper question would be, why it works in so many? We know that the contribution of residual renal function (RRF), more so than in hemodialysis, is critically important to the well-being of many of the patients. Unique features of the modality include the relatively low volume of dialysate fluid needed to provide effective uremic control and the disproportionate tendency for both hypokalemia and hypoalbuminemia, when compared to hemodialysis. It is currently believed that most uremic toxins are generated on the interface of human and bacterial structures in the gastrointestinal tract, the intestinal biota. PD offers disproportionate removal of these toxins upon "first-pass", i.e., via PD fluid exchanges before reaching the systemic circulation beyond the gastrointestinal compartment. Studies examining the net removal gradient of protein-bound uremic toxins during PD are scarce, whereas RRF receives considerably more attention without effective interventions being developed to preserve it. We propose an alternative view on PD, emphasizing the modality's compartmental nature, both for its benefits and the limitations.
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Abstract
Proteinuria and decline of renal function are associated with progression of kidney disease. The Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) plays an important role in blood pressure regulation, fluid volume, and sodium balance. Overactivity of RAAS contributes to the pathogenesis of a variety of clinical conditions including progress of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review summarizes the use of RAAS inhibitors as dual therapy or monotherapy in different stages of kidney disease. Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated RAAS inhibitors prevent proteinuria, kidney fibrosis and slow decline of renal function and thus play a protective role in both early and end stages of kidney disease. While combination use of RAAS inhibitors showed higher efficiency compared with monotherapy, it is also associated with higher incidence of adverse events. Besides ACEI/ARBs, more mechanism research of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in kidney disease should be performed.
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