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Begum RF, Mohan S. Pharmacological investigation of vitamin E with combined oral contraceptives on INHBA gene against PCOS that intricate through melatonin PKC pathway. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2023; 69:450-464. [PMID: 37962399 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2023.2276082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The most prevalent endocrine and metabolic condition in women of reproductive age are polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with significant risk factors such as circadian rhythm and melatonin disruption. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of vitamin E in combination with a combined oral contraceptive (COC) on continuous light-induced PCOS using hormonal measures, oxidative stress (OS) indicators, and the inhibin beta-A (INHBA) gene, which targets the melatonin protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. An in silico technique anticipated INHBA's binding affinity for vitamin E and COC. For the in vivo investigation (IAEC/240/2021), female SD rats were divided into six groups and subjected to a 16-week induction period, followed by a 2-month test drug treatment with drospirenone (DRSP) as a standard. Serum testosterone, FSH, melatonin, and OS were calculated as hormonal markers. The expression of the INHBA gene was studied to see if it could be linked to the circadian rhythm and OS via the melatonin PKC pathway. According to the in silico study, vitamin E and DRSP had higher binding energy for the INHBA (-8.6 kcal/mol and -8.4 kcal/mol, respectively). When compared to the control group, in vivo results showed a substantial decrease in testosterone levels (p = .05), as well as changes in FSH (p = .78) and melatonin (p = .13). IHNBA gene expression has also dramatically increased, stimulating FSH production in the pituitary gland. Vitamin E and COC concomitantly are beneficial against PCOS because it modulates OS, which in turn influences circadian rhythm and the melatonin PKC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukaiah Fatma Begum
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Sumithra Mohan
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
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Ferrari L, Monti P, Favero C, Carugno M, Tarantini L, Maggioni C, Bonzini M, Pesatori AC, Bollati V. Association between night shift work and methylation of a subset of immune-related genes. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1083826. [PMID: 36711387 PMCID: PMC9877629 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1083826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Night shift (NS) work has been associated with an increased risk of different conditions characterized by altered inflammatory and immune responses, such as cardio-metabolic and infectious diseases, cancer, and obesity. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, might mirror alterations in biological processes that are influenced by NS work. Methods The present study was conducted on 94 healthy female workers with different working schedules and aimed at identifying whether NS was associated with plasmatic concentrations of the inflammatory proteins NLRP3 and TNF-alpha, as well as with DNA methylation levels of ten human endogenous retroviral (HERV) sequences, and nine genes selected for their role in immune and inflammatory processes. We also explored the possible role of the body mass index (BMI) as an additional susceptibility factor that might influence the effects of NS work on the tested epigenetic modifications. Results and discussion We observed a positive association between NS and NLRP3 levels (p-value 0.0379). Moreover, NS workers retained different methylation levels for ERVFRD-1 (p-value = 0.0274), HERV-L (p-value = 0.0377), and HERV-P (p-value = 0.0140) elements, and for BIRC2 (p-value = 0.0460), FLRT3 (p-value = 0.0422), MIG6 (p-value = 0.0085), and SIRT1 (p-value = 0.0497) genes. We also observed that the BMI modified the relationship between NS and the methylation of ERVE, HERV-L, and ERVW-1 elements. Overall, our results suggest that HERV methylation could pose as a promising biomolecular sensor to monitor not only the effect of NS work but also the cumulative effect of multiple stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ferrari
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Luca Ferrari ✉
| | - Paola Monti
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Favero
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Carugno
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Tarantini
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Maggioni
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonzini
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Cecilia Pesatori
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Molzof HE, Peterson CM, Thomas SJ, Gloston GF, Johnson RL, Gamble KL. Nightshift Work and Nighttime Eating Are Associated With Higher Insulin and Leptin Levels in Hospital Nurses. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:876752. [PMID: 35615722 PMCID: PMC9124849 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.876752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian misalignment between behaviors such as feeding and endogenous circadian rhythms, particularly in the context of shiftwork, is associated with poorer cardiometabolic health. We examined whether insulin and leptin levels differ between dayshift versus nightshift nurses, as well as explored whether the timing of food intake modulates these effects in nightshift workers. METHODS Female nurses (N=18; 8 dayshift and 10 nightshift) completed daily diet records for 8 consecutive days. The nurses then completed a 24-h inpatient stay, during which blood specimens were collected every 3 h (beginning at 09:00) and meals were consumed at regular 3-h intervals (09:00, 12:00, 15:00, and 18:00). Specimens were analyzed for insulin and leptin levels, and generalized additive models were used to examine differences in mean insulin and leptin levels. RESULTS Mean insulin and leptin levels were higher in nightshift nurses by 11.6 ± 3.8 mU/L (p=0.003) and 7.4 ± 3.4 ng/ml (p=0.03), respectively, compared to dayshift nurses. In an exploratory subgroup analysis of nightshift nurses, predominately eating at night (21:00 - 06:00) was associated with significantly higher insulin and leptin levels than consuming most calories during the daytime (06:00 - 21:00). CONCLUSIONS In our study of hospital nurses, working the nightshift was associated with higher insulin and leptin levels, and these effects were driven by eating predominately at night. We conclude that although nightshift work may raise insulin and leptin levels, eating during the daytime may attenuate some of the negative effects of nightshift work on metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hylton E. Molzof
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Sleep Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Courtney M. Peterson
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - S. Justin Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Gabrielle F. Gloston
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Russell L. Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Karen L. Gamble
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Karen L. Gamble,
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Dönmezdil S, Araç S. Effect of shift work in intensive care on attention disorder in nurses. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13774. [PMID: 33078452 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to determine the level of attention between shifts and to make recommendations about the regulation of shifts. METHODS The researchers applied the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Stroop color word interaction test (SCWI) in 72 intensive care workers working in different shifts. RESULT The study included a total of 72 participants, including 30 (43.3%) females and 42 (58.3%) males. There were statistically significant differences between the groups in the sub-items of the HAM-D and SCWI test (Table 3). There was a significant elongation in the night-shift employees at all times within the SCWI sub-items. A significant height in the number of errors and corrections in the cards applied in the continuation of the test was also determined in the night-shift group. CONCLUSION This study revealed a significant decrease in the level of attention in the night-shift compared with the day-shift. This increase in attention deficit may also be a preventable cause of increased mortality in the night-shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Dönmezdil
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Songül Araç
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Does sex influence the effects of experimental sleep curtailment and circadian misalignment on regulation of appetite? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 17:20-25. [PMID: 33718658 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sleep curtailment and circadian misalignment disrupt energy sensing and eating behaviors, which can contribute to weight gain and obesity-related comorbidities. Herein, we review the effects of experimental manipulations of sleep duration and circadian alignment on circulating concentrations of appetite hormones, specifically leptin and ghrelin. Further, we focus on sex differences in hormonal and behavioral responses related to food intake. The studies reviewed suggest potential sex-specific effects of sleep curtailment on key hormones involved in the gut-brain axis, presumably leading to downstream effects on neural processes involved in food seeking and consumption behaviors. However, there is insufficient evidence to declare any sex-specific effects of circadian misalignment on appetite regulation. More research is needed to elucidate the complex sex-specific relationships between sleep, circadian rhythms, energy homeostasis, and appetite regulating mechanisms. Greater knowledge of these mechanisms would aid in the development of targeted methods to mitigate risk for obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Awosoga O, Steinke C, Nord C, Doan J, Varsanyi S, Meadows J, Odole A, Murphy S. Exploring the role of shift work in the self-reported health and wellbeing of long-term and assisted-living professional caregivers in Alberta, Canada. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2020; 18:70. [PMID: 32972423 PMCID: PMC7517821 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-020-00515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have found negative outcomes between shift work and physical, emotional, and mental health. Many professional caregivers are required to work shifts outside of the typical 9 am to 5 pm workday. Here, we explore whether shift work affects the health and wellbeing of long-term care (LTC) and assisted-living (AL) professional caregivers. METHOD The Caring for Professional Caregivers research study was conducted across 39 LTC and AL facilities in Alberta, Canada. Of the 1385 questionnaires distributed, 933 surveys (67.4%) were returned completed. After identifying 49 questions that significantly explained variances in the reported health status of caregivers, we examined whether there was a relationship between these questions and reported health status of caregivers working night shifts. RESULTS We found significant differences between responses from those working different shifts across six of seven domains, including physical health, health conditions, mental/emotional health, quality of life, and health behaviors. In particular, we found that night shift caregivers were more likely to report incidents of poor heath (i.e., they lacked energy, had regular presences of neck and back pain, regular or infrequent incidents of fatigue or low energy, had difficulty falling asleep, and that they never do exercise) and less likely to report incidents of good health (i.e., did not expect their health to improve, were not satisfied with their health, do not have high self-esteem/were happy, were unhappy with their physical appearance, and do not get a good night's sleep), compared to caregivers working other shifts. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that professional caregivers working the night shift experience poor health status, providing further evidence that night shift workers' health is at risk. In particular, caregivers reported negative evaluations of their physical, mental/emotional health, lower ratings of their quality of life, and negative responses to questions concerning whether they engage in healthy behaviors. Our findings can support healthcare stakeholders outline future policies that ensure caregivers are adequately supported so that they provide quality care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwagbohunmi Awosoga
- Faculty of Health Sciences (General), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West Markin Hall M3059, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3 M4, Canada.
| | - Claudia Steinke
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Nursing), University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christina Nord
- Faculty of Art & Sciences (Department of Psychology), University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jon Doan
- Faculty of Art & Sciences (Kinesiology and Physical Education), University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephanie Varsanyi
- Faculty of Art & Sciences (Department of Psychology), University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeff Meadows
- Teaching Centre, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Adesola Odole
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sheli Murphy
- Rural Health, Professional Practice, Research and Libraries, Covenant Health, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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