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Wu QP, Vang S, Zhou JQ, Krick S, Barnes JW, Sanders YY. O-GlcNAc regulates anti-fibrotic genes in lung fibroblasts through EZH2. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18191. [PMID: 38494860 PMCID: PMC10945079 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are involved in fibrotic diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and contribute to the silencing of anti-fibrotic genes. H3K27me3, a key repressive histone mark, is catalysed by the methyltransferase enhancer of Zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), which is regulated by the post-translational modification, O-linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). In this study, we explored the effects of O-GlcNAc and EZH2 on the expression of antifibrotic genes, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox2) and Heme Oxygenase (Homx1). The expression of Cox2 and Hmox1 was examined in primary IPF or non-IPF lung fibroblasts with or without EZH2 inhibitor EZP6438, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) inhibitor (OSMI-1) or O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibitor (thiamet G). Non-IPF cells were also subjected to TGF-β1 with or without OGT inhibition. The reduced expression of Cox2 and Hmox1 in IPF lung fibroblasts is restored by OGT inhibition. In non-IPF fibroblasts, TGF-β1 treatment reduces Cox2 and Hmox1 expression, which was restored by OGT inhibition. ChIP assays demonstrated that the association of H3K27me3 is reduced at the Cox2 and Hmox1 promoter regions following OGT or EZH2 inhibition. EZH2 levels and stability were decreased by reducing O-GlcNAc. Our study provided a novel mechanism of O-GlcNAc modification in regulating anti-fibrotic genes in lung fibroblasts and in the pathogenesis of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming P. Wu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Shia Vang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jennifer Q. Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell BiologyEastern Virginia Medical SchoolNorfolkVirginiaUSA
| | - Stefanie Krick
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jarrod W. Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Yan Y. Sanders
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell BiologyEastern Virginia Medical SchoolNorfolkVirginiaUSA
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Hara Y, Tsukiji J, Yabe A, Onishi Y, Hirose H, Yamamoto M, Kudo M, Kaneko T, Ebina T. Heme oxygenase-1 as an important predictor of the severity of COVID-19. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273500. [PMID: 36001619 PMCID: PMC9401165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective
A cytokine storm is caused by inflammatory cells, including pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype (M1), and play a critical role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, in which diffuse alveolar damage occurs in the lungs due to oxidative stress exposure. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a stress-induced protein produced by the anti-inflammatory / anti-oxidative macrophage phenotype (M2), which also produces soluble CD163 (sCD163). In our study, we investigated and determined that serum HO-1 can be a predictive biomarker for assessing both the severity and the outcome of COVID-19 patients.
Method
The serum concentrations of HO-1 and sCD163 of COVID-19 patients were measured on admission. The relationship between these biomarkers and other clinical parameters and outcomes were evaluated.
Results
Sixty-four COVID-19 patients (11 mild, 38 moderate, and 15 severe cases) were assessed. The serum HO-1 tended to increase (11.0 ng/mL vs. 24.3 ng/mL vs. 59.6 ng/mL with severity). Serum HO-1 correlated with serum lactate dehydrogenase (R = 0.422), C-reactive protein (R = 0.463), and the ground glass opacity (GGO) and consolidation score (R = 0.625) of chest computed tomography. The serum HO-1 showed a better area under the curve (AUC) for predicting ICU admission than the serum sCD163 (HO-1; 0.816 and sCD163; 0.743). In addition, composite parameters including serum HO-1 and the GGO and consolidation score showed a higher AUC for predicting ICU admission than the AUC of a single parameter.
Conclusion
Clinically, serum HO-1, reflecting the activation of M2, could be a very useful marker for evaluating disease severity and predicting prognoses for COVID-19 patients. In addition, controlling activated M2 might be a preventative COVID-19 therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hara
- Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jun Tsukiji
- Department of Prevention and Infection Control, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Aya Yabe
- Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshika Onishi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Investigation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Haruka Hirose
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Investigation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaki Yamamoto
- Respiratory Disease Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Kudo
- Respiratory Disease Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ebina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Investigation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
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Assessment of diagnostic utility of serum hemeoxygenase-1 measurement for acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonias. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12935. [PMID: 35902685 PMCID: PMC9334264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate whether serum heme oxygenase (HO)-1 could be a reliable blood biomarker for diagnosing acute exacerbations (AEs) of both idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and secondary interstitial pneumonia (SIP). Serum HO-1 levels of newly diagnosed patients with IP were measured, and the relationships between serum HO-1 and other serum biomarkers and high-resolution CT scores, were evaluated. Blood samples were collected from 90 patients with IIP, including 32 having an AE, and 32 with SIP, including 9 having an AE. The patients having an AE had significantly higher HO-1 levels than those not having an AE (35.2 ng/mL vs. 16.4 ng/mL; p < 0.001). On receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis for serum HO-1 ability to detect an AE, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.87 in patients with IIPs and 0.86 in those with SIPs. Also, in patients with both IIPs and SIPs, the combination of the serum HO-1 level and the GGO score showed favorable AUCs (IIPs: 0.92, SIPs: 0.83), though HO-1-not-including model (combination of LDH and GGO) also showed acceptable AUCs. Serum HO-1 could be a clinically useful biomarker for the accurate diagnosis of patients with AEs.
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Heme Oxygenase-1: An Anti-Inflammatory Effector in Cardiovascular, Lung, and Related Metabolic Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030555. [PMID: 35326205 PMCID: PMC8944973 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) enzyme system catabolizes heme to carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron, and biliverdin-IXα (BV), which is reduced to bilirubin-IXα (BR) by biliverdin reductase (BVR). HO activity is represented by two distinct isozymes, the inducible form, HO-1, and a constitutive form, HO-2, encoded by distinct genes (HMOX1, HMOX2, respectively). HO-1 responds to transcriptional activation in response to a wide variety of chemical and physical stimuli, including its natural substrate heme, oxidants, and phytochemical antioxidants. The expression of HO-1 is regulated by NF-E2-related factor-2 and counter-regulated by Bach-1, in a heme-sensitive manner. Additionally, HMOX1 promoter polymorphisms have been associated with human disease. The induction of HO-1 can confer protection in inflammatory conditions through removal of heme, a pro-oxidant and potential catalyst of lipid peroxidation, whereas iron released from HO activity may trigger ferritin synthesis or ferroptosis. The production of heme-derived reaction products (i.e., BV, BR) may contribute to HO-dependent cytoprotection via antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. Additionally, BVR and BR have newly recognized roles in lipid regulation. CO may alter mitochondrial function leading to modulation of downstream signaling pathways that culminate in anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory effects. This review will present evidence for beneficial effects of HO-1 and its reaction products in human diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic conditions, including diabetes and obesity, as well as acute and chronic diseases of the liver, kidney, or lung. Strategies targeting the HO-1 pathway, including genetic or chemical modulation of HO-1 expression, or application of BR, CO gas, or CO donor compounds show therapeutic potential in inflammatory conditions, including organ ischemia/reperfusion injury. Evidence from human studies indicate that HO-1 expression may represent a biomarker of oxidative stress in various clinical conditions, while increases in serum BR levels have been correlated inversely to risk of CVD and metabolic disease. Ongoing human clinical trials investigate the potential of CO as a therapeutic in human disease.
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Hara Y, Oshima Y, Tagami Y, Aoki A, Fujii H, Izawa A, Seki K, Kanai A, Yabe A, Watanabe K, Horita N, Kobayashi N, Kaneko T. Clinical importance of serum heme oxygenase-1 measurement in patients with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis triggered by coronavirus disease 2019. Respir Med Case Rep 2022; 36:101615. [PMID: 35223424 PMCID: PMC8858429 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2022.101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Onoufriadis A, Hsu CK, Hong YK, Lin YC, McGrath JA. Plasma metabolomic and lipidomic profiling highlights metabolic changes in keloid-prone individuals. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:433-434. [PMID: 34665888 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,International Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Kai Hong
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,International Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
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