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Ferreira AMS, do Nascimento JA, Travassos LDCP, Pernambuco LDA. Olfactory and taste disorders in COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in primary health care. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e20231018. [PMID: 38265352 PMCID: PMC10807050 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20231018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in non-hospitalized Brazilian adults who presented severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 infection symptoms and attended primary health care. METHODS This cross-sectional study was based on a routine standardized diagnostic screening questionnaire applied in a Brazilian primary care facility. The olfactory and taste disorder occurrence was compared between severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive and severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-negative cases and described by age and sex. RESULTS Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive patients had a higher proportion of self-reported olfactory and taste disorders, as compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome-negative (50.7%, vs. 20.6%, p<0.0001). Of all individuals with self-reported olfactory and taste disorder cases, 69% presented both olfactory and taste impairments, 13% olfactory only, and 17% taste only. In severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive cases, the frequency of olfactory and taste disorders was significantly higher among females as compared with males (71% vs. 34%). Additionally, people with olfactory and taste disorders were significantly younger in the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive group. CONCLUSION Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders are highly common among non-hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive Brazilian people who attended the Family Health Care Unit. The co-occurrence of both self-reported olfactory and taste disorders was more frequent than self-reported olfactory or taste disorders alone.
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Vaira LA, De Riu G, Mayo-Yáñez M, Gengler IM, Lechien JR. Prevalence of chemosensitive disorders with Omicron infections and the possible impacts of vaccination. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 129:205-206. [PMID: 36805326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, Paris, France; Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; Biomedical Science Department, PhD School of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giacomo De Riu
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; Biomedical Science Department, PhD School of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Miguel Mayo-Yáñez
- Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, Paris, France; Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Complex of A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Isabelle M Gengler
- Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, Paris, France; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Jerome R Lechien
- Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, Paris, France; Department of Laryngology and Bronchoesophagology, EpiCURA Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
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Association of anosmia and neutralizing antibody production in adolescents with SARS-CoV-2. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 164:111403. [PMID: 36463663 PMCID: PMC9694343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To monitor olfactory/gustatory dysfunction and its relationship to SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody responses in an adolescent population. METHODS Adolescents with changes in olfactory/gustatory functions were enrolled in a 15-month study. The patients were evaluated with 1) SNOT-22, 2) pediatric smell wheel, and 3) SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. The relationship between these scores and length of anosmia, and the amount of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were assessed. A brain MRI was performed in cases of persistent special sensory symptoms. RESULTS Eighteen patients were identified with smell and/or taste complaints. Most of the patients were female (67%) and median age was 15 years (range 11-17). Twelve patients had prior SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing, with only five patients with a positive result. The median SNOT-22 score was 16 (range 0-52) and the median smell wheel score was 6.5 (range 1-11). Patients with taste difficulty were more likely to have a score less than eight. 78% of the patients tested positive for antibodies and there was a strong negative correlation between smell wheel score and antibody level (Spearman, ρ = -0.798, p = 0.002). Five patients underwent MRI scan, and all resulted as normal olfactory bulb structures. 66% received nasal corticosteroids. 11 patients presented in follow up. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents presenting to a pediatric ENT clinic during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic were likely to have prolonged (>6 weeks) symptoms of SARS-CoV-2. The majority do not report positive PCR testing result but do report systemic symptoms including anosmia. This suggests that anosmia may be both a late and prolonged symptom of SARS-CoV-2.
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Cosentino G, Maiorano E, Todisco M, Prunetti P, Antoniazzi E, Tammam G, Quartesan I, Lettieri S, De Icco R, Corsico AG, Benazzo M, Pisani A, Tassorelli C, Alfonsi E. Electrophysiological evidence of subclinical trigeminal dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 and smell impairment: A pilot study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:981888. [PMID: 36313508 PMCID: PMC9615421 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.981888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smell and taste disturbances are among the most frequent neurological symptoms in patients with COVID-19. A concomitant impairment of the trigeminal nerve has been suggested in subjects with olfactory dysfunction, although it has not been confirmed with objective measurement techniques. In this study, we explored the trigeminal function and its correlations with clinical features in COVID-19 patients with impaired smell perception using electrophysiological testing. Methods We enrolled 16 consecutive patients with mild COVID-19 and smell impairment and 14 healthy controls (HCs). Olfactory and gustatory symptoms were assessed with self-reported questionnaires. Electrophysiological evaluation of the masseter inhibitory reflex (MIR) and blink reflex (BR) was carried out to test the trigeminal function and its connections within the brainstem. Results Masseter inhibitory reflex (MIR) analysis revealed higher latency of ipsilateral and contralateral early silent period in patients when compared with HCs. No significant differences between groups were detected as regards the duration of the early and late silent period. However, several patients showed a prolonged duration of the early silent period. BR evaluation disclosed only an increased amplitude of early components in patients. Conclusions Patients with COVID-19 and smell impairment show a subclinical trigeminal nerve impairment. Trigeminal alterations mainly involve the oligosynaptic pathway, as a result of either direct viral damage or secondary neuroinflammation of the peripheral trigeminal fibers, whereas the polysynaptic ponto-medullary circuits seem to be spared. The prolonged duration of the early silent period and the increased amplitude of early BR response might reflect a compensatory upregulation of the trigeminal function as a consequence of the olfactory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cosentino
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Translational Neurophysiology Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giuseppe Cosentino
| | - Eugenia Maiorano
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Todisco
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Translational Neurophysiology Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Prunetti
- Translational Neurophysiology Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Antoniazzi
- Translational Neurophysiology Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Tammam
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Quartesan
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Lettieri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto De Icco
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Headache Science and Neurorehabilitation Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Angelo Guido Corsico
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pneumology Unit, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Benazzo
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Movement Disorders Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Tassorelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Headache Science and Neurorehabilitation Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Alfonsi
- Translational Neurophysiology Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Vaira LA, Lechien JR, Salzano G, Maglitto F, Saussez S, De Riu G. The role of nasal immunoglobulins in the recovery of olfactory function in COVID-19 patients. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103301. [PMID: 34895763 PMCID: PMC8638244 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy; Biomedical Science Department, PhD School of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Jerome R Lechien
- Department of Otolaryngoly-Head Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France; Department of Human and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Salzano
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Maglitto
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Sven Saussez
- Department of Human and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
| | - Giacomo De Riu
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy; Biomedical Science Department, PhD School of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Morphological and Immunopathological Aspects of Lingual Tissues in COVID-19. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071248. [PMID: 35406811 PMCID: PMC8997468 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, a recently emerged disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, can present with different degrees of severity and a large variety of signs and symptoms. The oral manifestations of COVID-19 often involve the tongue, with loss of taste being one of the most common symptoms of the disease. This study aimed to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA and assess possible morphological and immunopathological alterations in the lingual tissue of patients who died with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sixteen cadavers from 8 SARS-CoV-2 positive (COVID-19+) and 8 negative (COVID-19−) subjects provided 16 tongues, that were biopsied. Samples underwent molecular analysis through Real-Time RT-PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Lingual papillae were harvested and processed for histological analysis and for immunohistochemical evaluation for ACE2, IFN-γ and factor VIII. Real-Time RT-PCR revealed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in filiform, foliate, and circumvallate papillae in 6 out of 8 COVID-19+ subjects while all COVID-19− samples resulted negative. Histology showed a severe inflammation of COVID-19+ papillae with destruction of the taste buds. ACE2 and IFN-γ resulted downregulated in COVID-19+ and no differences were evidenced for factor VIII between the two groups. The virus was detectable in most COVID-19+ tongues. An inflammatory damage to the lingual papillae, putatively mediated by ACE2 and IFN-γ in tongues from COVID-19+ cadavers, was observed. Further investigations are needed to confirm these findings and deepen the association between taste disorders and inflammation in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Trecca EM, Cassano M, Longo F, Petrone P, Miani C, Hummel T, Gelardi M. Results from psychophysical tests of smell and taste during the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA 2022; 42:S20-S35. [PMID: 35763272 PMCID: PMC9137382 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-suppl.1-42-2022-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Only a few studies have assessed smell and taste in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with psychophysical tests, while the majority performed self-rating evaluations. Given the heterogeneity of the published literature, the aim of this review was to systematically analyse the articles on this topic with a focus on psychophysical testing. A search on PubMed and Web of Science from December 2019, to November 2021, with cross-references, was executed. The main eligibility criteria were English-language articles, investigating the clinical features of olfaction and gustation in COVID-19 patients using self-rating assessment, psychophysical testing and imaging techniques. A total of 638 articles were identified and 66 were included. Self-rating assessment was performed in 31 studies, while psychophysical testing in 30 and imaging techniques in 5. The prevalence of chemosensory dysfunction was the most investigated topic, followed by the recovery time. About the psychophysical assessment, the extended version of the Sniffin’ Sticks was used in 11 articles and the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center test in another 11. The olfactory threshold performance was the most impacted compared to the discrimination and identification capacities in accordance with the hypothesis of a tropism of SARS-CoV-2 for the olfactory mucosa. The timing significantly influenced the results of the psychophysical testing with 20% of patients presenting olfactory dysfunction at one month after infection.
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Boscolo-Rizzo P, Tirelli G, Meloni P, Hopkins C, Madeddu G, De Vito A, Gardenal N, Valentinotti R, Tofanelli M, Borsetto D, Lechien JR, Polesel J, De Riu G, Vaira LA. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related smell and taste impairment with widespread diffusion of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2022; 12:1273-1281. [PMID: 35286777 PMCID: PMC9082058 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of self‐reported chemosensory dysfunction in a study cohort of subjects who developed a mild‐to‐moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in the period from January 17, 2022, to February 4, 2022 (Omicron proxy period) and compared that with a historical series of patients testing positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection between March and April, 2020 (comparator period). Methods Prospective study based on the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Tool (SNOT‐22), item “sense of smell or taste” and additional outcomes. Results Patients’ characteristics and clinical presentations of COVID‐19 were evaluated and compared in 779 patients, 338 of the study cohort and 441 of the historical series. The prevalence of self‐reported chemosensory dysfunction during the proxy Omicron period (32.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 27.6–37.8) was significantly lower from that during the comparator period (66.9%; 95% CI, 62.3–71.3) (p < 0.001). Nearly one‐quarter of patients (24.6%; 95% CI, 20.1–29.5) reported an altered sense of smell during the proxy Omicron period compared to 62.6% (95% CI, 57.9–67.1) during the comparator period (p < 0.001). Similarly, the prevalence of an altered sense of taste dropped to 26.9% (95% CI, 22.3–32.0) during the proxy Omicron period from 57.4% (95% CI, 52.6–62.0) during the comparator period (p < 0.001). The severity of chemosensory dysfunction was lower in the proxy Omicron period compared to the comparator period (p < 0.001). Conclusion The prevalence and the severity of COVID‐19–associated smell and taste dysfunction has dropped significantly with the advent of the Omicron variant but it still remains above 30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Tirelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Meloni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Giordano Madeddu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Infectious Disease Unit, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea De Vito
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Infectious Disease Unit, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Gardenal
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Romina Valentinotti
- Department of Prevention, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Margherita Tofanelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniele Borsetto
- Department of ENT, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jerome R Lechien
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Elsan Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, Italy
| | - Giacomo De Riu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,PhD School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Vaira LA, De Vito A, Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, Mayo-Yàñez M, Calvo-Henrìquez C, Boscolo-Rizzo P, Hopkins C, De Riu G. In Response to Smell and Taste Loss in COVID-19 After Complete Vaccination: Correspondence. Laryngoscope 2021; 132:E19. [PMID: 34910824 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Biomedical Science PhD School, Biomedical Science Department, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea De Vito
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Jerome R Lechien
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Human and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
| | - Carlos Miguel Chiesa-Estomba
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Miguel Mayo-Yàñez
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Complex of A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Christian Calvo-Henrìquez
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo De Riu
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Vaira LA, De Vito A, Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, Mayo-Yàñez M, Calvo-Henrìquez C, Saussez S, Madeddu G, Babudieri S, Boscolo-Rizzo P, Hopkins C, De Riu G. New Onset of Smell and Taste Loss Are Common Findings Also in Patients With Symptomatic COVID-19 After Complete Vaccination. Laryngoscope 2021; 132:419-421. [PMID: 34812498 PMCID: PMC9011575 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical profile of patients who developed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) after full vaccination. Demographic, epidemiological and clinical data were collected through medical records and online patient‐reported outcome questionnaire from patients who developed symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, confirmed by nasopharyngeal swab, at least 2 weeks after completion of vaccination. A total of 153 subjects were included. The most frequent symptoms were: asthenia (82.4%), chemosensory dysfunction (63.4%), headache (59.5%), runny nose (58.2%), muscle pain (54.9%), loss of appetite (54.3%), and nasal obstruction (51.6%). Particularly, 62.3% and 53.6% of subjects reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, respectively. Symptom severity was mild or moderate in almost all cases. Chemosensory dysfunctions have been observed to be a frequent symptom even in subjects who contracted the infection after full vaccination. For this reason, the sudden loss of smell and taste could continue to represent a useful and specific diagnostic marker to raise the suspicion of COVID‐19 even in vaccinated subjects. In the future, it will be necessary to establish what the recovery rate is in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi A Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Biomedical Science PhD School, Biomedical Science Department, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea De Vito
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Jerome R Lechien
- COVID-19 Task Force, Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies, Paris, France.,Department of Human and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba
- COVID-19 Task Force, Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies, Paris, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Miguel Mayo-Yàñez
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Complex of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Christian Calvo-Henrìquez
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sven Saussez
- COVID-19 Task Force, Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies, Paris, France.,Department of Human and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Giordano Madeddu
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sergio Babudieri
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claire Hopkins
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, King's College, London, U.K
| | - Giacomo De Riu
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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