1
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Giannetti-Domínguez AD, Rangel-Negrín A, Coyohua-Fuentes A, Dias PAD. Leadership and the finder's advantage in mantled howler monkeys. Am J Primatol 2024:e23651. [PMID: 38804875 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Leading collective movements and arriving first at feeding sites may improve food acquisition. Specifically, the first individual to discover and exploit a feeding site may gain a feeding advantage known as the "finder's advantage." The aim of this research was to verify if the probability of leading group movements to feeding sites in mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) varied by sex and reproductive status, and whether finders had higher foraging success than followers. We studied 18 adult individuals from two groups in La Flor de Catemaco over a year (978 h), and sampled group movements (n = 211) and foraging behavior (n = 215 feeding episodes). Gestating females were leaders and finders of group movements to feeding sites more often than expected but were also replaced in the leading position more frequently than individuals of other sex/reproductive states. Feeding behavior was not influenced by the order of arrival at feeding sites per se, but gestating females had higher food intake rate, bite rate, and feeding time when arriving earlier (i.e., occupying front group positions) than later. Therefore, leadership and the finder's advantage occur in this species and are probably employed by gestating females to maintain their energetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ariadna Rangel-Negrín
- Primate Behavioral Ecology Lab, Instituto de Neuro-etología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, México
| | - Alejandro Coyohua-Fuentes
- Primate Behavioral Ecology Lab, Instituto de Neuro-etología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, México
| | - Pedro A D Dias
- Primate Behavioral Ecology Lab, Instituto de Neuro-etología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, México
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2
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Averly B, Sridhar VH, Demartsev V, Gall G, Manser M, Strandburg-Peshkin A. Disentangling influence over group speed and direction reveals multiple patterns of influence in moving meerkat groups. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13844. [PMID: 35974046 PMCID: PMC9381760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17259-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals that travel together in groups must constantly come to consensus about both the direction and speed of movement, often simultaneously. Contributions to collective decisions may vary among group members, yet inferring who has influence over group decisions is challenging, largely due to the multifaceted nature of influence. Here we collected high-resolution GPS data from five habituated meerkat groups in their natural habitat during foraging and developed a method to quantify individual influence over both group direction and speed. We find that individual influence over direction and speed are correlated, but also exhibit substantial variation. Comparing patterns across social statuses reveals that dominant females have higher influence than other individuals over both group direction and speed. Individuals with high influence also tend to spend more time in the front of the group. We discuss our results in light of meerkat life-history and current literature on influence during group movement. Our method provides a general approach which can be applied to disentangle individual influence over group direction and speed in a wide range of species with cohesive movement, emphasizing the importance of integrating multiple lines of inquiry when inferring influence in moving animal groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Averly
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Constance, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany.,Kalahari Meerkat Project, Kuruman River Reserve, Northern Cape, South Africa
| | - Vivek H Sridhar
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Constance, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Vlad Demartsev
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Constance, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany.,Kalahari Meerkat Project, Kuruman River Reserve, Northern Cape, South Africa.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Gall
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Constance, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany.,Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Marta Manser
- Kalahari Meerkat Project, Kuruman River Reserve, Northern Cape, South Africa.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ariana Strandburg-Peshkin
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Constance, Germany. .,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany. .,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany. .,Kalahari Meerkat Project, Kuruman River Reserve, Northern Cape, South Africa. .,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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3
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Cobb B, Morris-Drake A, Kennedy P, Layton M, Kern JM, Radford AN. Factors affecting follower responses to movement calls in cooperatively breeding dwarf mongooses. Anim Behav 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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4
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Davis GH, Crofoot MC, Farine DR. Using optimal foraging theory to infer how groups make collective decisions. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 37:942-952. [PMID: 35842325 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Studying animal behavior as collective phenomena is a powerful tool for understanding social processes, including group coordination and decision-making. However, linking individual behavior during group decision-making to the preferences underlying those actions poses a considerable challenge. Optimal foraging theory, and specifically the marginal value theorem (MVT), can provide predictions about individual preferences, against which the behavior of groups can be compared under different models of influence. A major strength of formally linking optimal foraging theory to collective behavior is that it generates predictions that can easily be tested under field conditions. This opens the door to studying group decision-making in a range of species; a necessary step for revealing the ecological drivers and evolutionary consequences of collective decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace H Davis
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany; Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Margaret C Crofoot
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany; Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Animal Behavior Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Damien R Farine
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Collective Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany; Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
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5
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Jarvey JC, Aminpour P, Bohm C. The effects of social rank and payoff structure on the evolution of group hunting. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269522. [PMID: 35687649 PMCID: PMC9187110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Group hunting is common among social carnivores, and mechanisms that promote this behavior are a central topic in evolutionary biology. Increased prey capture success and decreased losses from competitors are often invoked as factors promoting group hunting. However, many animal societies have linear dominance hierarchies where access to critical resources is determined by social rank, and group-hunting rewards are shared unequally. Despite this inequality, animals in such societies cooperate to hunt and defend resources. Game theoretic models predict that rank and relative rewards from group hunting vs. solitary hunting affect which hunting strategies will evolve. These predictions are partially supported by empirical work, but data needed to test these predictions are difficult to obtain in natural systems. We use digital evolution to test how social rank and tolerance by dominants of subordinates feeding while sharing spoils from group hunting influence which hunting strategies evolve in digital organisms. We created a computer-simulated world to reflect social and hunting dynamics of spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta). We found that group hunting increased as tolerance increased and as the relative payoff from group hunting increased. Also, top-ranking agents were more likely to group hunt than lower-ranking agents under despotic sharing conditions. These results provide insights into mechanisms that may promote cooperation in animal societies structured by dominance hierarchies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie C. Jarvey
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Payam Aminpour
- BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Community Sustainability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Clifford Bohm
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
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6
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Smith JE, Fichtel C, Holmes RK, Kappeler PM, van Vugt M, Jaeggi AV. Sex bias in intergroup conflict and collective movements among social mammals: male warriors and female guides. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210142. [PMID: 35369756 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intergroup conflict is a major evolutionary force shaping animal and human societies. Males and females should, on average, experience different costs and benefits for participating in collective action. Specifically, among mammals, male fitness is generally limited by access to mates whereas females are limited by access to food and safety. Here we analyse sex biases among 72 species of group-living mammals in two contexts: intergroup conflict and collective movements. Our comparative phylogenetic analyses show that the modal mammalian pattern is male-biased participation in intergroup conflict and female-biased leadership in collective movements. However, the probability of male-biased participation in intergroup conflicts decreased and female-biased participation increased with female-biased leadership in movements. Thus, female-biased participation in intergroup conflict only emerged in species with female-biased leadership in collective movements, such as in spotted hyenas and some lemurs. Sex differences are probably attributable to costs and benefits of participating in collective movements (e.g. towards food, water, safety) and intergroup conflict (e.g. access to mates or resources, risk of injury). Our comparative review offers new insights into the factors shaping sex bias in leadership across social mammals and is consistent with the 'male warrior hypothesis' which posits evolved sex differences in human intergroup psychology. This article is part of the theme issue 'Intergroup conflict across taxa'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Smith
- Biology Department, Mills College, 5000 MacArthur Boulevard, Oakland, CA 94631, USA
| | - Claudia Fichtel
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rose K Holmes
- Biology Department, Mills College, 5000 MacArthur Boulevard, Oakland, CA 94631, USA
| | - Peter M Kappeler
- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Department Anthropology/Sociobiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mark van Vugt
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adrian V Jaeggi
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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7
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Sankey DWE, Hunt KL, Croft DP, Franks DW, Green PA, Thompson FJ, Johnstone RA, Cant MA. Leaders of war: modelling the evolution of conflict among heterogeneous groups. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210140. [PMID: 35369752 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
War, in human and animal societies, can be extremely costly but can also offer significant benefits to the victorious group. We might expect groups to go into battle when the potential benefits of victory (V) outweigh the costs of escalated conflict (C); however, V and C are unlikely to be distributed evenly in heterogeneous groups. For example, some leaders who make the decision to go to war may monopolize the benefits at little cost to themselves ('exploitative' leaders). By contrast, other leaders may willingly pay increased costs, above and beyond their share of V ('heroic' leaders). We investigated conflict initiation and conflict participation in an ecological model where single-leader-multiple-follower groups came into conflict over natural resources. We found that small group size, low migration rate and frequent interaction between groups increased intergroup competition and the evolution of 'exploitative' leadership, while converse patterns favoured increased intragroup competition and the emergence of 'heroic' leaders. We also found evidence of an alternative leader/follower 'shared effort' outcome. Parameters that favoured high contributing 'heroic' leaders, and low contributing followers, facilitated transitions to more peaceful outcomes. We outline and discuss the key testable predictions of our model for empiricists studying intergroup conflict in humans and animals. This article is part of the theme issue 'Intergroup conflict across taxa'.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W E Sankey
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - K L Hunt
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - D P Croft
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - D W Franks
- Department of Biology and Department of Computer Science, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - P A Green
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK.,Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - F J Thompson
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - R A Johnstone
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - M A Cant
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK.,German Primate Centre, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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8
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Goll Y, Bordes C, Weissman YA, Shnitzer I, Beukeboom R, Ilany A, Koren L, Geffen E. Sex-associated and context-dependent leadership in the rock hyrax. iScience 2022; 25:104063. [PMID: 35359807 PMCID: PMC8961210 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In many mammalian species, both sexes may take leadership role, but different traits may play a role in determining variation within species. Here we examine the effect of sex on leadership. We present three complementary datasets derived from a well-studied population of wild rock hyrax (Procavia capensis). The findings demonstrated that male and female rock hyraxes take on different leadership positions, depending on the context. When risk is moderate, more likely to lead are younger resident males, which experience high cortisol and lower testosterone levels. However, during acute predation scenarios, more likely to lead are males with lower centrality status. We suggest that hyrax males exhibit risky behaviors that may reflect their need for self-advertisement. In contrast, leadership among group females is more equally distributed. Females have little to gain from risky actions due to the lack of competition among them, but nonetheless take leadership positions. Different traits play a role in hyrax male and female leaders, in different contexts On moderate risk, younger resident males with high cortisol and low testosterone lead During predation scenario, lower centrality status males lead Among group females, leadership is more equally distributed
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Goll
- School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Camille Bordes
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Yishai A. Weissman
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Inbar Shnitzer
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Rosanne Beukeboom
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Amiyaal Ilany
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Lee Koren
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Eli Geffen
- School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Corresponding author
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9
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10
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Montanari D, O’Hearn WJ, Hambuckers J, Fischer J, Zinner D. Coordination during group departures and progressions in the tolerant multi-level society of wild Guinea baboons (Papio papio). Sci Rep 2021; 11:21938. [PMID: 34754018 PMCID: PMC8578668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective movement of social groups requires coordination between individuals. When cohesion is imperative, consensus must be reached, and specific individuals may exert disproportionate influence during decision-making. Animals living in multi-level societies, however, often split into consistent social subunits during travel, which may impact group coordination processes. We studied collective movement in the socially tolerant multi-level society of Guinea baboons (Papio papio). Using 146 group departures and 100 group progressions from 131 Guinea baboons ranging in Senegal's Niokolo-Koba National Park, we examined individual success at initiating group departures and position within progressions. Two-thirds of attempted departures were initiated by adult males and one third by adult females. Both sexes were equally successful at initiating departures (> 80% of initiations). During group progressions, bachelor males were predominantly found in front, while reproductively active 'primary' males and females were observed with similar frequency across the whole group. The pattern of collective movement in Guinea baboons was more similar to those described for baboons living in uni-level societies than to hamadryas baboons, the only other multi-level baboon species, where males initiate and decide almost all group departures. Social organization alone therefore does not determine which category of individuals influence group coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Montanari
- grid.418215.b0000 0000 8502 7018Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - William J. O’Hearn
- grid.418215.b0000 0000 8502 7018Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julien Hambuckers
- grid.4861.b0000 0001 0805 7253HEC Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Julia Fischer
- grid.418215.b0000 0000 8502 7018Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Department of Primate Cognition, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.511272.2Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Zinner
- grid.418215.b0000 0000 8502 7018Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Department of Primate Cognition, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.511272.2Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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11
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Wang X, Xia DP, Sun BH, Li JH. Coordination and consensus: the role of compromisers in Tibetan macaques. Curr Zool 2021; 67:411-418. [PMID: 34616938 PMCID: PMC8489031 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination and consensus in collective behavior have attracted a lot of research interest. Although previous studies have investigated the role of compromisers in group consensus, they provide little insight into why compromisers would allow such social arrangements to persist. In this study, the potential relationship between group movements and conflict management in Tibetan macaques in Anhui province, China, was investigated using hierarchical cluster analyses. Some members with higher social centrality or social rank often formed a front-runner cluster during group movements. They had higher leadership success than individuals outside the front-runner cluster. Other members with lower social centrality or social rank often followed the group movements initiated by the front-runner cluster, and thus formed the compromiser cluster. Compromisers’ proximity relations with front-runners increased with their following scores to front-runners. Compromisers had fewer events of being attacked when they followed group movements initiated by the front-runners. The compromising process made compromisers lose the choice of direction preference, but it could increase their individual safeties. This trade-off suggests that compromisers play a role of decision-maker in coordination and consensus scenarios among social animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.,International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavioral Ecology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dong-Po Xia
- International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavioral Ecology, Hefei 230601, China.,School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Bing-Hua Sun
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.,International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavioral Ecology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jin-Hua Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.,International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavioral Ecology, Hefei 230601, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
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12
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Croft DP, Weiss MN, Nielsen MLK, Grimes C, Cant MA, Ellis S, Franks DW, Johnstone RA. Kinship dynamics: patterns and consequences of changes in local relatedness. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20211129. [PMID: 34403632 PMCID: PMC8370800 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that patterns of local relatedness can change over time in predictable ways, a process termed kinship dynamics. Kinship dynamics may occur at the level of the population or social group, where the mean relatedness across all members of the population or group changes over time, or at the level of the individual, where an individual's relatedness to its local group changes with age. Kinship dynamics are likely to have fundamental consequences for the evolution of social behaviour and life history because they alter the inclusive fitness payoffs to actions taken at different points in time. For instance, growing evidence suggests that individual kinship dynamics have shaped the evolution of menopause and age-specific patterns of helping and harming. To date, however, the consequences of kinship dynamics for social evolution have not been widely explored. Here we review the patterns of kinship dynamics that can occur in natural populations and highlight how taking a kinship dynamics approach has yielded new insights into behaviour and life-history evolution. We discuss areas where analysing kinship dynamics could provide new insight into social evolution, and we outline some of the challenges in predicting and quantifying kinship dynamics in natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren P. Croft
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael N. Weiss
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Center for Whale Research, Friday Harbour, WA, USA
| | - Mia L. K. Nielsen
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Charli Grimes
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael A. Cant
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, UK
| | - Samuel Ellis
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Daniel W. Franks
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
- Department of Computer Science, University of York, York, UK
| | - Rufus A. Johnstone
- Behaviour and Evolution Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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13
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Smith JE, von Rueden CR, van Vugt M, Fichtel C, Kappeler PM. An Evolutionary Explanation for the Female Leadership Paradox. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.676805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Social influence is distributed unequally between males and females in many mammalian societies. In human societies, gender inequality is particularly evident in access to leadership positions. Understanding why women historically and cross-culturally have tended to be under-represented as leaders within human groups and organizations represents a paradox because we lack evidence that women leaders consistently perform worse than men. We also know that women exercise overt influence in collective group-decisions within small-scale human societies, and that female leadership is pervasive in particular contexts across non-human mammalian societies. Here, we offer a transdisciplinary perspective on this female leadership paradox. Synthesis of social science and biological literatures suggests that females and males, on average, differ in why and how they compete for access to political leadership in mixed-gender groups. These differences are influenced by sexual selection and are moderated by socioecological variation across development and, particularly in human societies, by culturally transmitted norms and institutions. The interplay of these forces contributes to the emergence of female leaders within and across species. Furthermore, females may regularly exercise influence on group decisions in less conspicuous ways and different domains than males, and these underappreciated forms of leadership require more study. We offer a comprehensive framework for studying inequality between females and males in access to leadership positions, and we discuss the implications of this approach for understanding the female leadership paradox and for redressing gender inequality in leadership in humans.
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14
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Papageorgiou D, Rozen-Rechels D, Nyaguthii B, Farine DR. Seasonality impacts collective movements in a wild group-living bird. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2021; 9:38. [PMID: 34238382 PMCID: PMC8268463 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A challenge faced by animals living in groups with stable long-term membership is to effectively coordinate their actions and maintain cohesion. However, as seasonal conditions alter the distribution of resources across a landscape, they can change the priority of group members and require groups to adapt and respond collectively across changing contexts. Little is known about how stable group-living animals collectively modify their movement behaviour in response to environment changes, such as those induced by seasonality. Further, it remains unclear how environment-induced changes in group-level movement behaviours might scale up to affect population-level properties, such as a population's footprint. METHODS Here we studied the collective movement of each distinct social group in a population of vulturine guineafowl (Acryllium vulturinum), a largely terrestrial and non-territorial bird. We used high-resolution GPS tracking of group members over 22 months, combined with continuous time movement models, to capture how and where groups moved under varying conditions, driven by seasonality and drought. RESULTS Groups used larger areas, travelled longer distances, and moved to new places more often during drier seasons, causing a three-fold increase in the area used at the population level when conditions turned to drought. By contrast, groups used smaller areas with more regular movements during wetter seasons. CONCLUSIONS The consistent changes in collective outcomes we observed in response to different environments raise questions about the role of collective behaviour in facilitating, or impeding, the capacity for individuals to respond to novel environmental conditions. As droughts will be occurring more often under climate change, some group living animals may have to respond to them by expressing dramatic shifts in their regular movement patterns. These shifts can have consequences on their ranging behaviours that can scale up to alter the footprints of animal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danai Papageorgiou
- Department of Collective Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Constance, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Constance, Germany
- Center for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Constance, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Kenya Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 40241-001000, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David Rozen-Rechels
- Department of Collective Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Constance, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Constance, Germany
- Center for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Constance, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brendah Nyaguthii
- School of Natural Resource Management, Department of Wildlife, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, 1125-30100 Kenya
- Mpala Research Center, P.O. Box 92, Nanyuki, 10400 Kenya
- Department of Ornithology, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658-001000, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Damien R. Farine
- Department of Collective Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Constance, Germany
- Center for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Constance, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Ornithology, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658-001000, Nairobi, Kenya
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Holekamp KE, Strauss ED. Reproduction Within a Hierarchical Society from a Female's Perspective. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 60:753-764. [PMID: 32667986 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icaa068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The reproductive biology of many female mammals is affected by their social environment and their interactions with conspecifics. In mammalian societies structured by linear dominance hierarchies, such as that of the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), a female's social rank can have profound effects on both her reproductive success and her longevity. In this species, social rank determines priority of access to food, which is the resource limiting reproduction. Due largely to rank-related variation in access to food, reproduction from the perspective of a female spotted hyena can only be understood in the context of her position in the social hierarchy. In this review, we examine the effects of rank on the various phases of reproduction, from mating to weaning. Summed over many individual reproductive lifespans, the effect of rank at these different reproductive phases leads to dramatic rank-related variation in fitness among females and their lineages. Finally, we ask why females reproduce socially despite these apparent costs of group living to low-ranking females. Gregariousness enhances the fitness of females regardless of their positions in the social hierarchy, and females attempting to survive and reproduce without clanmates lose all their offspring. The positive effects of gregariousness appear to result from having female allies, both kin and non-kin, who cooperate to advertise and defend a shared territory, acquire, and defend food resources, maintain the status quo, and occasionally also to rise in social rank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay E Holekamp
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Eli D Strauss
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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Tang Z, Wang X, Wu M, Chen S, Li J. Tibetan Macaques with Higher Social Centrality and More Relatives Emit More Frequent Visual Communication in Collective Decision-Making. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030876. [PMID: 33808579 PMCID: PMC8003505 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It is well known that visual communication plays an important role in collective decision-making. However, there is not much research on the influencing factors of visual signals, especially kinship and social relations. In this study, we not only confirmed the function of visual communication in collective decision-making, but also found the effect of kinship and social relations on visual communication. Tibetan macaques with higher social centrality and more relatives emit more frequent visual communication, providing a reference for further research on decision-making. Understanding the link between communication and decision-making can elucidate the powers of group maintenance in animal societies. Abstract Animals on the move often communicate with each other through some specific postures. Previous studies have shown that social interaction plays a role in communication process. However, it is not clear whether the affinity of group members can affect visual communication. We studied a group of free-ranging Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) at Huangshan Mountain, China, and answered whether and how social centrality or relatives matter in visual signals during group movement using Tobit regression modeling. All individuals emitted the signals of back-glances and pauses in collective movement. The emission of two signals decreased with the number of participants increased. The back-glance and pause signals emitted by the participating individuals were stronger as the position moved backward in the group. Sex, age, and rank had no significant influence on back-glance and pause signals. Individuals with higher social centrality would emit more pause signals, but social centrality had no effect on the back-glance signal. Individuals with more relatives in the group had more back-glance signals, but this had no effect on the pause signal. This study verifies that social centrality and the number of relatives have effects on visual signals in Tibetan macaques. We provide insights into the relationship between communication behaviors and group cooperation in social animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Tang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China;
- International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavior Ecology, Hefei 230601, China; (M.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China;
- International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavior Ecology, Hefei 230601, China; (M.W.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Mingyang Wu
- International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavior Ecology, Hefei 230601, China; (M.W.); (S.C.)
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shiwang Chen
- International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavior Ecology, Hefei 230601, China; (M.W.); (S.C.)
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China;
- International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavior Ecology, Hefei 230601, China; (M.W.); (S.C.)
- School of Life Sciences, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (J.L.)
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Papageorgiou D, Farine DR. Shared decision-making allows subordinates to lead when dominants monopolize resources. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/48/eaba5881. [PMID: 33239284 PMCID: PMC7688327 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba5881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The concepts of leadership and dominance are often conflated, with individuals high in the social hierarchy assumed to be decision-makers. Dominants can exclusively benefit from monopolizing food resources and, therefore, induce an intragroup conflict when leading their group to these resources. We demonstrate that shared decision-making reduces such conflicts by studying movement initiations of wild vulturine guineafowl, a species that forms large, stable social groups with a steep dominance hierarchy. When dominant individuals displace subordinates from monopolizable food patches, the excluded subordinates subsequently initiate collective movement. The dominants then abandon the patch to follow the direction of subordinates, contrasting with nonmonopolizable resources where no individuals are excluded, and dominant individuals contribute extensively to group decisions. Our results demonstrate the role of shared decision-making in maintaining the balance of influence within animal societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danai Papageorgiou
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Department of Collective Behavior, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78457, Germany.
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78457, Germany
- University of Konstanz, Center for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78457, Germany
- Kenya Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 40241-001000, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Damien R Farine
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Department of Collective Behavior, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78457, Germany.
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78457, Germany
- University of Konstanz, Center for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78457, Germany
- Department of Ornithology, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658-001000, Nairobi, Kenya
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Saldaña Sánchez AA, Aureli F, Busia L, Schaffner CM. Who’s there? Third parties affect social interactions between spider monkey males. BEHAVIOUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Spider monkeys provide an intriguing opportunity to examine behavioural flexibility in relation to their social environment given their high degree of fission–fusion dynamics and the nature of male–male relationships. These characteristics allow us to examine how flexibility in social interactions is modulated by the perception of risk and uncertainty related to other group members. We investigated whether male–male interactions vary according to partner identity and presence of third parties in wild Geoffroy’s spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi). We used proportion of approaches followed by an embrace, an indicator of risk and uncertainty, or by grooming, an affiliative behaviour. To confirm the monkeys’ perception of risk or uncertainty we used aggression rates and time spent vigilant. We collected data on eight adult spider monkey males: three of them belonged to one clique and the other five to another clique based on distinct patterns of residence. We found higher proportions of approaches followed by embraces and lower proportions of approaches followed by grooming between males of different cliques than between males of the same clique. In addition, we found higher aggression rates between males from different cliques. The proportions of approaches followed by embraces in the five-male clique were higher when the three-male clique was no longer in the group. The five males were more vigilant when the other three males were present in the group, indicating the monkeys perceived higher risk or uncertainty under these circumstances. We found lower proportions of approaches followed by grooming between two males when there was at least one other male in the subgroup than when there were only the two males. Our results provide evidence for behavioural flexibility in the interactions between spider monkey males as an example of how animals can cope with social challenges by adjusting their behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filippo Aureli
- aInstituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- bResearch Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laura Busia
- cSchool of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Colleen M. Schaffner
- aInstituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- dPsychology Department, Adams State University, Alamosa, CO, USA
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Smith JE, Ortiz CA, Buhbe MT, van Vugt M. Obstacles and opportunities for female leadership in mammalian societies: A comparative perspective. LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Cook A(S, Zill A, Meyer B. Observing leadership as behavior in teams and herds – An ethological approach to shared leadership research. THE LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Smith JE, van Vugt M. Leadership and Status in Mammalian Societies: Context Matters. Trends Cogn Sci 2020; 24:263-264. [PMID: 32160562 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark van Vugt
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Wang C, Pan R, Wang X, Qi X, Zhao H, Guo S, Ren Y, Fu W, Zhu Z, Li B. Decision-making process during collective movement initiation in golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana). Sci Rep 2020; 10:480. [PMID: 31949226 PMCID: PMC6965115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective decision-making is important for coordination and synchronization of the activities among group-living animals and the mechanisms guiding such procedure involve a great variety of characteristics of behavior and motivation. This study provides some evidence investigating collective movement initiation in a multi-level social band of the golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) located in the Mts. Qinling, China. We collect 1223 datum records relevant to decision initiation from six OMUs. The results indicate that collective movement initiation could be divided into two continual but relatively independent processes: decisions on moving direction and movement implementation. In both processes, adult individuals are more likely to initiate the decision-making, while other adults vote on initiator's preference, with a threshold, a supporting number required for a success. Thus, voting behavior and quorum fulfillment contribute to a successful decision-making. Adult individuals play important role in making decisions for moving direction and implementation. For a successful collective movement initiation, the individuals being more central in grooming network initiate decisions more frequently than the others, and attract voters more easily. Furthermore, following the initiation, at least four positive voters are required for a direction decision and at least three positive voters are needed for the decision on movement implementation, which could be considered as the threshold of quorum numbers required for a successful decision. This study has provided some very interesting information and scientific evidence in understanding social structure and behaviors of the nonhuman primates with a social structure very similar to humans'. Thus, some results can directly be referred to the comprehension of human social structure and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ruliang Pan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoguang Qi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Songtao Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Weiwei Fu
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zirui Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Baoguo Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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Van Vugt M, Smith JE. A Dual Model of Leadership and Hierarchy: Evolutionary Synthesis. Trends Cogn Sci 2019; 23:952-967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Amornbunchornvej C, Berger-Wolf TY. Mining and modeling complex leadership–followership dynamics of movement data. SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS AND MINING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13278-019-0600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stratford K, Stratford S, Périquet S. Dyadic associations reveal clan size and social network structure in the fission–fusion society of spotted hyaenas. Afr J Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Palacios-Romo T, Castellanos F, Ramos-Fernandez G. Uncovering the decision rules behind collective foraging in spider monkeys. Anim Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lins PGADS, Ferreira RG. Competition during sugarcane crop raiding by blond capuchin monkeys (Sapajus flavius). Primates 2018; 60:81-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10329-018-0698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Strandburg-Peshkin A, Papageorgiou D, Crofoot MC, Farine DR. Inferring influence and leadership in moving animal groups. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:20170006. [PMID: 29581391 PMCID: PMC5882976 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective decision-making is a daily occurrence in the lives of many group-living animals, and can have critical consequences for the fitness of individuals. Understanding how decisions are reached, including who has influence and the mechanisms by which information and preferences are integrated, has posed a fundamental challenge. Here, we provide a methodological framework for studying influence and leadership in groups. We propose that individuals have influence if their actions result in some behavioural change among their group-mates, and are leaders if they consistently influence others. We highlight three components of influence (influence instances, total influence and consistency of influence), which can be assessed at two levels (individual-to-individual and individual-to-group). We then review different methods, ranging from individual positioning within groups to information-theoretic approaches, by which influence has been operationally defined in empirical studies, as well as how such observations can be aggregated to give insight into the underlying decision-making process. We focus on the domain of collective movement, with a particular emphasis on methods that have recently been, or are being, developed to take advantage of simultaneous tracking data. We aim to provide a resource bringing together methodological tools currently available for studying leadership in moving animal groups, as well as to discuss the limitations of current methodologies and suggest productive avenues for future research.This article is part of the theme issue 'Collective movement ecology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Strandburg-Peshkin
- Department of Migration and Immuno-ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Am Obstberg 1, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danai Papageorgiou
- Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
- Chair of Biodiversity and Collective Behaviour, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Margaret C Crofoot
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue, Building 401 Tupper, Balboa Ancon, Panama
| | - Damien R Farine
- Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
- Chair of Biodiversity and Collective Behaviour, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
- Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
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Pruitt JN, Wright CM, Lichtenstein JLL, Chism GT, McEwen BL, Kamath A, Pinter-Wollman N. Selection for Collective Aggressiveness Favors Social Susceptibility in Social Spiders. Curr Biol 2018; 28:100-105.e4. [PMID: 29276129 PMCID: PMC5871622 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Particularly socially influential individuals are present in many groups [1-8], but it is unclear whether their emergence is determined by their social influence versus the social susceptibility of others [9]. The social spider Stegodyphus dumicola shows regional variation in apparent leader-follower dynamics. We use this variation to evaluate the relative contributions of leader social influence versus follower social susceptibility in driving this social order. Using chimeric colonies that combine potential leaders and followers, we discover that leader-follower dynamics emerge from the site-specific social susceptibility of followers. We further show that the presence of leaders increases colony survival in environments where leader-follower dynamics occur. Thus, leadership is driven by the "social susceptibility" of the population majority, rather than the social influence of key group members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan N Pruitt
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marne Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| | - Colin M Wright
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marne Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - James L L Lichtenstein
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marne Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Gregory T Chism
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Entomology and Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Brendan L McEwen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 37906, USA
| | - Ambika Kamath
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marne Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Noa Pinter-Wollman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Sperber AL, Werner LM, Kappeler PM, Fichtel C. Grunt to go-Vocal coordination of group movements in redfronted lemurs. Ethology 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lucia Sperber
- Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology; University of Göttingen; Göttingen Germany
- Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology Unit; German Primate Center; Göttingen Germany
| | - Lynne M. Werner
- Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology; University of Göttingen; Göttingen Germany
| | - Peter M. Kappeler
- Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology; University of Göttingen; Göttingen Germany
- Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology Unit; German Primate Center; Göttingen Germany
| | - Claudia Fichtel
- Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology Unit; German Primate Center; Göttingen Germany
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31
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Leadership of old females in collective departures in wild bonobos (Pan paniscus) at Wamba. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-017-2277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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32
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Coastal latrine sites as social information hubs and drivers of river otter fission–fusion dynamics. Anim Behav 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yoshida KCS, Van Meter PE, Holekamp KE. Variation among free-living spotted hyenas in three personality traits. BEHAVIOUR 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inter-individual differences in behaviour, termed ‘animal personality’, are often consistent over time and across contexts and can be significantly related to fitness. However, most studies of animal personality are conducted in the laboratory or involve experimental protocols. Here, we used longitudinal scan and all-occurrence data collected under naturalistic conditions over 21 years to study boldness, aggressiveness, and sociability in a wild population of spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta). We found significant variation among individual hyenas in all three traits; however, whereas both sexes exhibited consistent inter-individual differences in aggressiveness and sociability, males were less consistent than females in their boldness. Heritability and maternal effects were small but significant for both boldness and sociability. A large proportion of the variation in aggressiveness could be attributed to genetic and maternal effects, supporting previous research linking hormone exposure in utero to aggressive behaviour later in life. All three traits were correlated with at least one measure of fitness. Particularly aggressive females were more successful in raising their offspring to reproductive maturity than less aggressive females. Interestingly, the reproductive benefits of sociability depended on social rank; for low-ranking hyenas, gaining feeding tolerance via sociability may significantly enhance reproductive success. Both boldness and sociability were linked to survival, but these traits affected longevity in different ways; highly social hyenas lived longer than those that were less social, but selection on boldness was stabilizing, favoring hyenas with intermediate boldness values that balance the benefits of risky behaviour against risks of injury and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn C. Shaw Yoshida
- Las Vegas Natural History Museum, 900 Las Vegas Boulevard N, Las Vegas, NV 89101, USA
- Ecology, Evolutionary Biology & Behavior Program, Michigan State University, 293 Farm Lane, Room 103, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, Room 203, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Page E. Van Meter
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, Room 203, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Division of Clinical Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kay E. Holekamp
- Ecology, Evolutionary Biology & Behavior Program, Michigan State University, 293 Farm Lane, Room 103, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, Room 203, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Smith JE, Gavrilets S, Mulder MB, Hooper PL, Mouden CE, Nettle D, Hauert C, Hill K, Perry S, Pusey AE, van Vugt M, Smith EA. Leadership in Mammalian Societies: Emergence, Distribution, Power, and Payoff. Trends Ecol Evol 2015; 31:54-66. [PMID: 26552515 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Leadership is an active area of research in both the biological and social sciences. This review provides a transdisciplinary synthesis of biological and social-science views of leadership from an evolutionary perspective, and examines patterns of leadership in a set of small-scale human and non-human mammalian societies. We review empirical and theoretical work on leadership in four domains: movement, food acquisition, within-group conflict mediation, and between-group interactions. We categorize patterns of variation in leadership in five dimensions: distribution (across individuals), emergence (achieved versus inherited), power, relative payoff to leadership, and generality (across domains). We find that human leadership exhibits commonalities with and differences from the broader mammalian pattern, raising interesting theoretical and empirical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergey Gavrilets
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, and National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Monique Borgerhoff Mulder
- Department of Anthropology, and Center for Population Biology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Paul L Hooper
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Daniel Nettle
- Centre for Behavior and Evolution, and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Christoph Hauert
- Departments of Mathematics and Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kim Hill
- Institute for Human Origins, and School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Susan Perry
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anne E Pusey
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Mark van Vugt
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Eric Alden Smith
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-3100, USA.
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