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Ardani LR, Marlida Y, Zain M, Jamsari J, Fassah DM. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast strains isolated from fermented fish (Budu) identified as candidate ruminant probiotics based on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics. Vet World 2023; 16:395-402. [PMID: 37041999 PMCID: PMC10082714 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.395-402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Probiotic supplementation can assist with manipulating the rumen microbial ecosystem. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast from fermented fish (Budu) as the indigenous food from West Sumatra, Indonesia, are potential probiotics for livestock. This study aims to select the best candidate lactic acid bacteria and yeast strains from fermented fish as ruminant probiotics and evaluate the effect of their supplementation on the characteristics of rumen fermentation, feed digestion, and total gas production in vitro.
Materials and Methods: This study used nine treatments, performed in triplicate, in a completely randomized design. The substrate ratio comprised of 70% Pennisetum purpureum forage and 30% concentrate. Five lactic acid bacteria and three yeast isolates were used in this study. Treatments were as follows: T0: control (basal diet); T1: T0 + Lactobacillus parabuchneri strain 3347; T2: T0 + Lactobacillus buchneri strain 5296; T3: T0 + Lactobacillus harbinensis JCM 16178; T4: T0 + Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis strain LH991; T5: T0 + L. parabuchneri strain 6902; T6: T0 + Pichia kudriavzevii strain B-5P; T7: T0 + P. kudriavzevii strain CBS 5147; and T8: T0 + commercial yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The lactic acid bacteria inoculum contained 1.02 × 1011 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL, while the yeast inoculum contained 1.5 × 1010 CFU/mL.
Results: The results showed that four lactic acid bacteria and three yeast produced a higher total gas yield (104–183.33 mL) compared to the control (103 mL). Supplementation with lactic acid bacteria in the rumen fermentation in vitro showed dry matter digestibility of 63%–70% and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of 64%–71%. We observed that total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production in all treatments was significantly higher (86–121 mM) compared to the control (81 mM). The concentration of NH3 production was higher in all treatments (12.33–16.83 mM) than in the control (12.25 mM). Meanwhile, the probiotic supplementation did not cause a significant change in the rumen pH (6.86–7.12). Supplementation with the lactic acid bacteria S. harbinensis strain LH991 consistently demonstrated the best results from the parameters of dry and OMD (70.29% and 71.16%, respectively), total VFA (121.67 mM), NH3 (16.83 mM), and total gas production (149.17 mL). The best results were observed from the yeast candidate P. kudriavzevii strain B-5P, where the results were dry and OMD (67.64% and 69.55% respectively), total VFA (96.67 mM), NH3 (13.42 mM), and total gas production (183.33 mL).
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, lactic acid bacteria S. harbinensis strain LH991 and yeast P. kudriavzevii strain B-5P are attractive candidates to be utilized as probiotics for ruminants based on their potential to improve rumen fermentation in vitro. This probiotic supplementation can increase the digestibility of feed ingredients, production of total VFA and NH3, and total gas produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laily Rinda Ardani
- PMDSU Program, Graduate Program, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Yetti Marlida
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Mardiati Zain
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Jamsari Jamsari
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Dilla Mareistia Fassah
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
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Azzaz HH, Kholif AE, Murad HA, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E. A newly developed strain of Enterococcus faecium isolated from fresh dairy products to be used as a probiotic in lactating Holstein cows. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:989606. [PMID: 36311649 PMCID: PMC9607892 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.989606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the ability of an isolated strain (EGY_NRC1) or commercial (NCIMB 11181) Enterococcus faecium as a probiotic for lactating cows. Two experiments were conducted: In Experiment 1, the effects of three levels (1, 2, and 3 g/kg diet, DM basis) of isolated and commercial E. faecium on in vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics, gas, methane (CH4) and nutrient degradability were determined. In Experiment 2, thirty multiparous Holstein cows (633 ± 25.4 kg body weight) with 7 days in milk, were randomly assigned to 3 treatments in a completely randomized design in a 60-day experiment. Cows were fed without any additives (control treatment) or supplemented with 2 g/kg feed daily of E. faecium EGY_NRC1 (contain 1.1 × 109 CFU/g) or commercial E. faecium NCIMB 11181 (contain 2 × 1012 CFU/g). Diets were prepared to meet cow's nutrient requirements according to NRC recommendations. Probiotic doses were based on the in vitro Experiment 1. Feed intake, digestibility, blood parameters and lactation performance were evaluated. In Experiment 1, the isolated E. faecium linearly and quadratically increased (P < 0.001) in vitro total gas production (TGP), the degradability of dry matter (dDM) and organic matter (dOM) while decreased (P < 0.05) methane (CH4) percent of TGP, NH3CH4 production, and pH. The commercial E. faecium increased TGP and decreased (P < 0.01) CH4 production, pH and increased the dDM and dOM, short chain fatty acids and ruminal NH3-N concentration. In Experiment 2, the isolated E. faecium increased (P < 0.01) total tract digestibility of DM, neutral and acid detergent fiber, daily milk production and feed efficiency compared to the control treatment without affecting feed intake and milk composition. Moreover, the isolated E. faecium increased (P < 0.05) the proportion of C18:1 trans-9, C18:2 cis-9-12 and C18:2 trans-10 cis-12. Both isolated and commercial E. faecium improved (P < 0.01) organic matter, crude protein and nonstructural carbohydrates digestibility, increased serum glucose (P = 0.002) and decreased serum cholesterol (P = 0.002). Additionally, both E. faecium strains decreased C23:0 (P = 0.005) in milk. In conclusion, the use of E. faecium (isolated and commercial) at 2 g/kg DM of feed improved feed efficiency and production performance, with superior effects on animal performance from isolated E. faecium compared to the commercial one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam H. Azzaz
- Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Kholif
- Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt,*Correspondence: Ahmed E. Kholif
| | | | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom,Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
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Zhang M, Liang G, Zhang X, Lu X, Li S, Wang X, Yang W, Yuan Y, Jiao P. The gas production, ruminal fermentation parameters, and microbiota in response to Clostridium butyricum supplementation on in vitro varying with media pH levels. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:960623. [PMID: 36212861 PMCID: PMC9532509 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.960623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), fermentation parameters, and rumen microbiota in response to Clostridium butyricum (CB) supplementation in batch culture using a high forage substrate. The doses of CB were supplemented at 0 (Control), 0.5 × 106, 1 × 106, and 2 × 106 CFU/bottle, respectively, at either media pH 6.0 or pH 6.6. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to detect the microbiota of fermentation culture in control and 1 × 106 CFU/bottle after 24 h of incubation. The results showed that the GP (p < 0.001), DMD (p = 0.008), total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration (p < 0.001), acetate to propionate ratio (p < 0.001), and NH3-N concentration (p < 0.001) were greater at media pH 6.6 than pH 6.0. Furthermore, the linearly increased DMD (pH 6.0, p = 0.002; pH 6.6, p < 0.001) and quadratically increased butyrate proportion (pH 6.0, p = 0.076; pH 6.6, p < 0.053) and NH3-N concentration (pH 6.0, p = 0.003; pH 6.6, p = 0.014) were observed with increasing doses of CB. The Alpha diversity indexes of OTU number and Chao1 were higher (p = 0.045) at media pH 6.6 than pH 6.0, but they were not affected by CB supplementation. The PCoA analysis (unweighted uniFrac) demonstrated that the clustering of the bacterial microbiota of control and CB were distinctly separated from each other at media pH 6.0. At the phylum level, the abundance of Bacteroidota (p < 0.001) decreased, whereas that of Firmicutes (p = 0.026) increased when the media pH was elevated from 6.0 to 6.6. Supplementation of CB increased relative abundances of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group (p = 0.002), Christensenellaceae_R-7_group (p < 0.001), and NK4A214_group (p = 0.002) at genus level. Interactions between media pH and CB addition were observed for bacteria at both phylum and genus levels. These results indicated that increasing the media pH level and CB supplementation increased in vitro rumen digestibility, and altered the ruminal fermentation pattern (by media pH) and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Gege Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinlong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaotan Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Siyao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenzhu Yang
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Nursing and School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Yuan Yuan,
| | - Peixin Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Peixin Jiao,
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Astuti WD, Ridwan R, Fidriyanto R, Rohmatussolihat R, Sari NF, Sarwono KA, Fitri A, Widyastuti Y. Changes in rumen fermentation and bacterial profiles after administering Lactiplantibacillus plantarum as a probiotic. Vet World 2022; 15:1969-1974. [PMID: 36313835 PMCID: PMC9615511 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1969-1974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is one of the lactic acid bacteria that is often used as probiotics. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TSD10 as a probiotic on rumen fermentation and microbial population in Ongole breed cattle.
Materials and Methods: This study adopted an experimental crossover design, using three-fistulated Ongole breed cattle. Treatments were as follows: T0, control without probiotic; T1, 10 mL probiotic/day; T2, 20 mL probiotic/day; and T3, 30 mL probiotic/day. The basal diet of the cattle comprised 70% concentrate: 30% elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum). The concentration of probiotic used was 1.8 × 1010 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL.
Results: We observed significantly lower acetate production compared with control (64.12%), the lowest values being in the T3 group (55.53%). Contrarily, propionate production significantly increased from 18.67% (control) to 23.32% (T2). All treatments yielded significantly lower acetate–propionate ratios than control (3.44), with the lowest ratio in the T3 group (2.41). The protozoal number decreased on probiotic supplementation, with the lowest population recorded in the T2 group (5.65 log cells/mL). The population of specific rumen bacteria was estimated using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We found that the population of L. plantarum, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and Treponema bryantii, did not change significantly on probiotic supplementation, While that of Ruminococcus albus increased significantly from 9.88 log CFU/mL in controls to 12.62 log CFU/mL in the T2 group.
Conclusion: This study showed that the optimum dosage of L. plantarum TSD10 as a probiotic was 20 mL/day. The effect of L. plantarum as a probiotic on feed degradation in rumen was not evaluated in this experiment. Therefore, the effect of L. plantarum as a probiotic on feed degradation should be performed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulansih Dwi Astuti
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Roni Ridwan
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rusli Fidriyanto
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Nurul Fitri Sari
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ki Ageng Sarwono
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ainissya Fitri
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Yantyati Widyastuti
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia
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Jiao P, Wang Z, Wang X, Zuo Y, Yang Y, Hu G, Lu C, Xie X, Wang L, Yang W. Effect of Clostridium butyricum Supplementation on in vitro Rumen Fermentation and Microbiota With High Grain Substrate Varying With Media pH Levels. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:912042. [PMID: 35814667 PMCID: PMC9260501 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.912042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) can survive at low pH, and it has been widely used as an alternative to antibiotics for the improvement of feed efficiency and animal health in monogastrics. A recent study suggested that the improved ruminal fermentation with supplementing C. butyricum is may be associated with increasing the abundance of rumen microbiota in Holstein heifers, as ruminal pH plays a key role in rumen microbiota and the probiotics are often active in a dose-dependent manner. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of increasing the doses of C. butyricum on gas production (GP) kinetics, dry matter disappearance (DMD), fermentation characteristics, and rumen microbiota using a high grain substrate in batch culture varying with media pH levels. The doses of C. butyricum were supplemented at 0 (control), 0.5 × 106, 1 × 106, and 2 × 106 CFU/bottle, respectively, at either media pH 6.0 or pH 6.6. The fermentation microbiota at 0 and 1 × 106 CFU/bottle were determined using the 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing technology. Overall, the GP, DMD, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, and the ratio of acetate:propionate were higher (P <0.01) at media pH 6.6 than at pH 6.0. However, there was interaction between pH × dose of C. butyricum for rate constant of GP (P = 0.01), average GP rate (P = 0.07), and volume of GP (P = 0.06); with the increase in C. butyricum supplementation, the GP kinetics were not changed at media pH 6.0, but the volume (P = 0.02), rate of GP (P = 0.01), and average GP rate (P = 0.01) were quadratically changed at media pH 6.6. The DMD was not affected by increasing the supplementation of C. butyricum. The molar proportions of propionate (P <0.09), butyrate (P <0.06), and NH3-N concentration (P = 0.02) were quadratically changed with increasing supplementation of C. butyricum regardless of media pH levels. The interactions between media pH level and dose of C. butyricum supplementation were noticed for alpha diversity indexes of Shannon (P = 0.02) and Evenness (P = 0.04). The alpha diversity indexes increased (P <0.05) except for Chao1 with supplementation of C. butyricum. The unweighted uniFrac analysis showed that the group of control at media pH 6.0 and control at media pH 6.6, and supplementation of C. butyricum and control at media pH 6.0 clustered separately from each other. At the phylum level, relative abundance (RA) of Bacteroidota was lower (P <0.01) and Firmicutes was higher (P <0.01) at media pH 6.6 than pH 6.0. Moreover, RA of Proteobacteria decreased (P <0.05) with supplemented C. butyricum at either media pH 6.6 or pH 6.0. At media pH 6.6, RA of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Prevotella were decreased, and CAG-352 was increased (at genus level) compared to pH 6.0. Supplementation of C. butyricum decreased RA of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and increased CAG-352 at media pH 6.0. It could hence be concluded that manipulating media pH level and supplementation of C. butyricum effectively modulated in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and microbiota but in a dose depending manner of C. butyricum addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanan Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuqing Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guanghui Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Changming Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaolai Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Wang
- Hubei Greensnow Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Xianning, China
| | - Wenzhu Yang
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Manipulation of Rice Straw Silage Fermentation with Different Types of Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculant Affects Rumen Microbial Fermentation Characteristics and Methane Production. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8060100. [PMID: 34199943 PMCID: PMC8226620 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8060100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial inoculants are known to improve the quality of silage. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of different types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB; L. plantarum, L. salivarius, L. reuteri, L. brevi, and S. bovis) inoculation (106 cfu/ DM) on rice straw silage quality and to determine these effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics, digestibility and microbial populations in an in vitro condition. Inoculated rice straw was ensiled for 15 and 30 days. For the in vitro study, rumen fluid was obtained from three rumen-fistulated bulls fed on mixed forage and concentrate at 60:40 ratio twice daily. Inoculation with LAB improved (p < 0.05) the rice straw silage quality as indicated by higher dry matter and crude protein contents, decreased pH and butyric acid, and increased propionic acid and LAB numbers, especially after 30 days of ensiling. Results from the in vitro study revealed that starting with the addition of LAB to rice straw silage improved in vitro fermentation characteristics such as increased total volatile fatty acids and dry matter digestibility (p < 0.05). LAB treatments also decreased methane production and methane/total gas ratio after 15 and 30 days of ensiling. From the rumen microbial population perspective, cellulolytic, and fungal zoospores were enhanced, while protozoa and methanogens were decreased by the LAB treatments. Based on these results, it could be concluded that inoculating rice straw silage with LAB (especially for L. plantarum and S. bovis) improved silage quality, rumen fermentation parameters and microbial populations in vitro.
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Jiao P, Ma F, Beauchemin K, AlZahal O, Xie X, Yang W. Effect of mixed live yeast and lactic acid bacteria on in vitro fermentation with varying media pH using a high-grain or high-forage diet. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2020-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC)] and lactic acid bacteria [Enterococcus faecium (EF)] on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in batch culture using either high-forage (HF) or high-grain (HG) diets. Diets were evaluated in separate experiments, each as a complete randomized design with 2 (media pH 5.8 and 6.5) × 5 (control, three SCEF, monensin) factorial arrangement of treatments. The SCEF had varying ratios of SC:EF: 0:0 (control), 1.18:1 (SCEF1), 1.25:1 (SCEF2), and 1.32:1 (SCEF3), added on a log10 basis. For the HF diet, supplementation of SCEF had greater GP (P = 0.03) at pH 6.5 and greater DMD (P = 0.03) and VFA concentration (P < 0.01) at pH 5.8 and 6.5 than control. For the HG diet, acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio at pH 6.5 was greater (P = 0.05) for SCEF than control. Increasing ratio of SC to EF in SCEF linearly (P < 0.01) decreased GP and DMD and linearly increased acetate percentage at pH 6.5. These results suggest that optimizing the SC:EF ratio in a mixture of SCEF can help improve rumen fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.X. Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150038, China
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - F.C. Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150038, China
| | - K.A. Beauchemin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - O. AlZahal
- AB Vista Feed Ingredients, Marlborough, Wiltshire SN8 4AN, UK
| | - X.L. Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150038, China
| | - W.Z. Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
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Jiao P, Wei C, Sun Y, Xie X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Hu G, AlZahal O, Yang W. Screening of live yeast and yeast derivatives for their impact of strain and dose on in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbial profiles with varying media pH levels in high-forage beef cattle diet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:6751-6760. [PMID: 31353469 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yeast products showed beneficial effects with respect to stabilizing ruminal pH, stimulating ruminal fermentation and improving production efficiency. Batch cultures were conducted to evaluate the effects of yeast products on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics of high-forage substrate. The study was a two media pH (5.8 and 6.5) × five yeasts (three live yeasts, LY: LY1, LY2, LY3; two yeast derivatives, YD: YD4, YD5) × four dosages factorial arrangement, with monensin (Mon) assigned as a positive control. RESULTS Greater (P < 0.01) GP, DMD, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, ratio of acetate to propionate (A:P) and copy numbers of Fibrobacter succinogenes and Ruminococcus flavefaciens were observed at pH 6.5 than at pH 5.8. The GP kinetics, DMD, VFA concentration, A:P and NH3 -N concentration differed (P < 0.05) among yeasts but varied with media pH or yeast dosages. Increasing doses of LY3 linearly increased DMD (P < 0.04) and VFA concentration (P < 0.001) at media pH 5.8. The DMD linearly (P < 0.02) increased with increased addition of YD4 (pH 6.5) and YD5 (pH 5.8) and the ratio of A:P linearly decreased (P < 0.01) with the addition of YD4 or YD5 at pH 5.8. Overall greater (P < 0.05) GP, A:P (pH 5.8) and DMD (pH 6.5) were observed with yeast products than with Mon. CONCLUSION LY3 appeared to be an interesting candidate for improving rumen digestibility and fermentation efficiency, particularly at low media pH. YD4 or YD5 improved fermentation efficiency and can be potentially fed as an alternative to Mon. © 2019 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chuanzi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Youran Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaolai Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Sutian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guanghui Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Wenzhu Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
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Elghandour M, Adegbeye M, Vallejo L, Elahi M, Barbabosa‐Pliego A, Recillas Morales S, Salem A. Role of dose‐dependent
Lactobacillus farciminis
on ruminal microflora biogases and fermentation activities of three silage‐based rations. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1627-1634. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M.M.M.Y. Elghandour
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Estado de México Mexico
| | - M.J. Adegbeye
- Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture Joseph Ayo Babalola University Ilesa Osun State Nigeria
| | - L.H. Vallejo
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Estado de México Mexico
| | - M.Y. Elahi
- Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Zabol Zabol Iran
| | - A. Barbabosa‐Pliego
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Estado de México Mexico
| | - S. Recillas Morales
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Estado de México Mexico
| | - A.Z.M. Salem
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Estado de México Mexico
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10
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Shen Y, Abeynayake R, Sun X, Ran T, Li J, Chen L, Yang W. Feed nutritional value of brewers' spent grain residue resulting from protease aided protein removal. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:78. [PMID: 31548885 PMCID: PMC6749689 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0382-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was conducted to evaluate the feed nutritional value of brewers’ spent grain (BSG) residue resulting from protease aided protein removal. The nutritional value was measured as nutrient content, gas production, nutrient digestibility and fermentation characteristics in batch culture. Results Protein extraction process decreased content of crude protein but concentrated the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and ferulic acid in BSG residue. The changes in the chemical composition of BSG residue varied with enzyme and enzyme dosage. Digestibility of dry matter (DMD) and NDF of residue differed among proteases. Increasing alcalase dosage linearly decreased DMD, whereas, the DMD linearly increased as everlase or flavourzyme dosage increased. Compared with BSG, the DMD, gas production and fermentation acid concentration of BSG residues were lower, whereas NDF digestibility was higher. Conclusions The substantially increased NDF content and improved in vitro NDF digestibility due to protease hydrolysis suggest that BSG residue can be potentially exploited as a viable fibre source for ruminant feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhao Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071029 Hebei Republic of China.,Agriculture and Agri-Food of Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB AB T1J4B1 Canada
| | - Ranithri Abeynayake
- 3Department of Agricultural Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Xin Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271000 Shandong Republic of China
| | - Tao Ran
- Agriculture and Agri-Food of Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB AB T1J4B1 Canada
| | - Jianguo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071029 Hebei Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Chen
- 3Department of Agricultural Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Wenzhu Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food of Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB AB T1J4B1 Canada
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11
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Izuddin WI, Loh TC, Samsudin AA, Foo HL, Humam AM, Shazali N. Effects of postbiotic supplementation on growth performance, ruminal fermentation and microbial profile, blood metabolite and GHR, IGF-1 and MCT-1 gene expression in post-weaning lambs. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:315. [PMID: 31477098 PMCID: PMC6719353 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postbiotics have been established as potential feed additive to be used in monogastric such as poultry and swine to enhance health and growth performance. However, information on the postbiotics as feed additive in ruminants is very limited. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of supplementation of postbiotics in newly-weaned lambs on growth performance, digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial population, blood metabolite and expression of genes related to growth and volatile fatty acid transport across the rumen epithelium. Results Postbiotic supplementation increased weight gain, feed intake, nutrient intake and nutrient digestibility of the lambs. No effect on ruminal pH and total VFA, whereas butyrate and ruminal ammonia-N concentration were improved. The lambs fed with postbiotics had higher blood total protein, urea nitrogen and glucose. However, no difference was observed in blood triglycerides and cholesterol levels. Postbiotics increased the population of fibre degrading bacteria but decreased total protozoa and methanogens in rumen. Postbiotics increased the mRNA expression of hepatic IGF-1 and ruminal MCT-1. Conclusions The inclusion of postbiotics from L. plantarum RG14 in newly-weaned lambs improved growth performance, nutrient intake and nutrient digestibility reflected from better rumen fermentation and microbial parameters, blood metabolites and upregulation of growth and nutrient intake genes in the post-weaning lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ibrahim Izuddin
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Teck Chwen Loh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Anjas Asmara Samsudin
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Ling Foo
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ali Merzza Humam
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Animal Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nurhazirah Shazali
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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12
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Use of naturally sourced feed additives (lactobacillus fermentation products and enzymes) in growing and finishing steers: Effects on performance, carcass characteristics and blood metabolites. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Zhao J, Dong Z, Li J, Chen L, Bai Y, Jia Y, Shao T. Effects of lactic acid bacteria and molasses on fermentation dynamics, structural and nonstructural carbohydrate composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation of rice straw silage. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 32:783-791. [PMID: 30477292 PMCID: PMC6498071 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was to evaluate the fermentation dynamics, structural and nonstructural carbohydrate composition and in vitro gas production of rice straw ensiled with lactic acid bacteria and molasses. Methods Fresh rice straw was ensiled in 1-L laboratory silos with no additive control (C), Lactobacillus plantarum (L), molasses (M) and molasses+Lactobacillus plantarum (ML) for 6, 15, 30, and 60 days. After storage, the silages were subjected to microbial and chemical analyses as well as the further in vitro fermentation trial. Results All additives increased lactic acid concentration, and reduced pH, dry matter (DM) loss and structural carbohydrate content relative to the control (p<0.05). The highest organic acid and residual sugar contents and lignocellulose reduction were observed in ML silage. L silage had the highest V-score with 88.10 followed by ML silage. L and ML silage improved in vitro DM digestibility as compared with other treatments, while in vitro neutral detergent fibre degradability (IVNDFD) was increased in M and ML silage (p<0.05). M silage significantly (p<0.05) increased propionic acid (PA) content and decreased butyric acid content and acetic acid/PA as well as 72-h cumulative gas production. Conclusion The application of ML was effective for improving both the fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility of rice straw silage. Inclusion with molasses to rice straw could reduce in vitro ruminal gas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhihao Dong
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yunfeng Bai
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yushan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Tao Shao
- Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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14
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D. Astuti W, G. Wiryawa K, Wina E, Widyastuti Y, Suharti S, Ridwan R. Effects of Selected Lactobacillus plantarum as Probiotic on In vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Microbial Population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2018.131.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Zhang H, Zhang P, Ye J, Wu Y, Liu J, Fang W, Xu D, Wang B, Yan L, Zeng G. Comparison of various pretreatments for ethanol production enhancement from solid residue after rumen fluid digestion of rice straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:147-156. [PMID: 28946089 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The rumen digested residue of rice straw contains high residual carbohydrates, which makes it a potential cellulosic ethanol feedstock. This study evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of applying microwave assisted alkali (MAP), ultrasound assisted alkali (UAP), and ball milling pretreatment (BMP) to enhance ethanol production from two digested residues (2.5%-DR and 10%-DR) after rumen fluid digestion of rice straw at 2.5% and 10.0% solid content. Results revealed that 2.5%-DR and 10%-DR had a cellulose content of 36.4% and 41.7%, respectively. MAP and UAP improved enzymatic hydrolysis of digested residue by removing the lignin and hemicellulose, while BMP by decreasing the particle size and crystallinity. BMP was concluded as the suitable pretreatment, resulting in an ethanol yield of 116.65 and 147.42mgg-1 for 2.5%-DR and 10%-DR, respectively. The integrated system including BMP for digested residue at 2.5% solid content achieved a maximum energy output of 7010kJkg-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Panyue Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Jie Ye
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wei Fang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Dong Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Li Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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16
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Jiao P, Wei L, Walker N, Liu F, Chen L, Beauchemin K, Yang W. Comparison of non-encapsulated and encapsulated active dried yeast on ruminal pH and fermentation, and site and extent of feed digestion in beef heifers fed high-grain diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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