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Marques OFC, de Oliveira ER, Gandra JR, Peixoto ELT, Monção FP, de Araújo Gabriel AM, Neves NF, Silva JT, Banys VL, de Lima BM. Dietary replacement of soybean meal with heat-treated grain soybean in diets of feedlot-finished beef cattle: impacts on intake, digestibility, and ruminal parameters. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 56:13. [PMID: 38102489 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of increasing levels of heat-treated soybean in the diet of crossbred cattle during the finishing phase on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal parameters, digesta passage rate, nitrogen balance, and microbial protein synthesis. Five steers, crossbred 7/8 Jersey x Zebu, fitted with rumen cannulas and with an average weight of 350 ± 50 kg, were utilized. The experimental treatments consisted of 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28% inclusion of heat-treated soybean in the total diet dry matter. The animals were randomly allocated in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Evaluation of the animals took place over five experimental periods, each lasting 20 days. During each experimental period, the first 15 days were allocated for animal adaptation to the experimental diets, followed by five days of data collection. No significant differences were observed among the diets in terms of dry matter intake (average of 6.57 kg day-1; P = 0.615) and organic matter intake (average of 6.23 kg day-1; P = 0.832). However, heat-treated soybean had a significant impact on the digestibility of dry matter (P = 0.02), organic matter (P = 0.01), crude protein (P < 0.01), and neutral detergent fiber (P < 0.01). There was no observed change on microbial protein synthesis (average of 409.6 g day-1) in animals with the inclusion of heat-treated soybean in the diets. With each 1% inclusion of heat-treated soybean in the cattle diet, there was an increase of 0.00754 units in ruminal pH values and a reduction of 0.75839 mg dL-1 in ruminal ammoniacal nitrogen values. This study suggests that heat-treated soybean can be included in up to 15% of the dry matter in diets for finishing feedlot cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Filipe Costa Marques
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Euclides Reuter de Oliveira
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sul and Sudeste of Pará, R. Alberto Santos Dumont, Minas Gerais, Xinguara, PA, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Lucas Terra Peixoto
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Pinto Monção
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, 2630, Brazil.
| | - Andréa Maria de Araújo Gabriel
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nathálie Ferreira Neves
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janaína Tayna Silva
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Banys
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Jataí, Rua Riachuelo - Setor - Samuel Grahan, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Brasilino Moreira de Lima
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
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Liu W, Cao D, Wang Y, Xu Z, Li G, Nghiem LD, Luo W. Occurrence and transformation of heavy metals during swine waste treatment: A full scale study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:164947. [PMID: 37336415 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
This study tracked the fate of nine detected heavy metals in an industrial swine farm with integrated waste treatment, including anoxic stabilization, fixed-film anaerobic digestion, anoxic-oxic (A/O), and composting. Results show that heavy metals exhibited different transformation behaviors in the treatment streamline with Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn as the most abundant ones in raw swine waste. The overall removal of water-soluble heavy metals averaged at 30 %, 24 % and 42 % by anoxic stabilization, anaerobic digestion and A/O unit, respectively. In particular, anoxic stabilization could effectively remove Cu, Mn and Ni; while A/O unit was highly effective for Fe, Cr and Zn elimination from water-soluble states. As such, the environmental risk of liquid products for agricultural irrigation decreased gradually to the safe pollution level in swine waste treatment. Furthermore, heavy metals in the solid (slurry) phase of these bioprocesses could be immobilized with the passivation rate in the range of 42-70 %. Nevertheless, heavy metals preferably transformed from liquid to biosolids to remain their environmental risks when biosolids were used as organic fertilizer in agriculture, thereby requiring effective strategies to advance their passivation in all bioprocesses, particularly composting as the last treatment unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wancen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dingge Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongfang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhicheng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Wenhai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District 215128, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Malau-Aduli AEO, Curran J, Gall H, Henriksen E, O'Connor A, Paine L, Richardson B, van Sliedregt H, Smith L. Genetics and nutrition impacts on herd productivity in the Northern Australian beef cattle production cycle. Vet Anim Sci 2022; 15:100228. [PMID: 35024494 PMCID: PMC8724957 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2021.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetics and nutrition drive herd productivity due to significant impacts on all components of the beef cattle production cycle. In northern Australia, the beef production system is largely extensive and relies heavily on tropical cattle grazing low quality, phosphorus-deficient pastures with seasonal variations in nutritive value. The existing feedlots are predominantly grain-based; providing high-energy rations, faster turn-off and finishing of backgrounded cattle to meet market specifications. This review focusses on the beef cattle production cycle components of maternal nutrition, foetal development, bull fertility, post-natal to weaning, backgrounding, feedlotting, rumen microbes and carcass quality as influenced by genetics and nutrition. This student-driven review identified the following knowledge gaps in the published literature on northern Australian beef cattle production cycle: 1. Long-term benefits and effects of maternal supplementation to alter foetal enzymes on the performance and productivity of beef cattle; 2. Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes to increase nutrient availability from the cell wall and better utilisation of fibrous and phosphorus deficient pasture feedbase during backgrounding; 3. Supplementation with novel encapsulated calcium butyrate and probiotics to stimulate the early development of rumen papillae and enhance early weaning of calves; 4. The use of single nucleotide polymorphisms as genetic markers for the early selection of tropical beef cattle for carcass and meat eating quality traits prior to feedlotting; The review concludes by recommending future research in whole genome sequencing to target specific genes associated with meat quality characteristics in order to explore the development of breeds with superior genes more suited to the North Australian beef industry. Further research into diverse nutritional strategies of phosphorus supplementation and fortifying tropically adapted grasses with protein-rich legumes and forages for backgrounding and supplementing lot-fed beef cattle with omega-3 oil of plant origin will ensure sustainable production of beef with a healthy composition, tenderness, taste and eating quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aduli E O Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Science Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Jessica Curran
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Science Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Holly Gall
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Science Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Erica Henriksen
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Science Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Alina O'Connor
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Science Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Lydia Paine
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Science Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Bailey Richardson
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Science Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Hannake van Sliedregt
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Science Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Lucy Smith
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Science Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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Wu P, Fu X, Wang H, Hou M, Shang Z. Effect of Silage Diet (Sweet Sorghum vs. Whole-Crop Corn) and Breed on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality of Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3120. [PMID: 34827853 PMCID: PMC8614279 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet and breed directly affect ruminant carcass traits and meat quality. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of silage diet and breed on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of lambs. A total of 28, 3-4 months old female lambs consisting of 14 Dorper lambs (DP) and 14 Thin-tailed Han lambs (TH) were allocated in a 2 × 2 factorial design and offered two experimental diets (sweet sorghum silage: SS; whole-crop corn silage: WS) for 90 days. Lambs fed the WS diet had a higher growth performance (p < 0.01), intramuscular fat content (p < 0.05), and bright meat color (p < 0.01) than lambs fed the SS diet. The lambs fed the SS diet showed a higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content than the lambs fed the WS diet (p < 0.01); there was no significant difference in growth performance and carcass characteristics between DP and TH lambs (p > 0.05). The meat of the DP lambs showed lower values of initial pH, shear force, lightness (L*), redness (a*), and saturated fatty acid (SFA) content (p < 0.05). The lamb breed influenced fewer variables of growth performance and carcass characteristics compared to the diet. The lambs fed the SS diet had higher nutritional quality meat than lambs fed the WS diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (P.W.); (X.F.); (M.H.)
| | - Xiaoyue Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (P.W.); (X.F.); (M.H.)
| | - Hucheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (P.W.); (X.F.); (M.H.)
| | - Mingjie Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (P.W.); (X.F.); (M.H.)
| | - Zhanhuan Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
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Cristhian Ferreira H, da Cunha Siqueira Carvalho C, Pinto Monção F, Rocha Júnior VR, Mendes Ruas JR, da Costa MD, Antunes de Jesus M, Magalhães Gonçalves MC, Cristiane Mendes Rocha H, Gomes Ribas WF, de Abreu Delvaux Júnior N, Alencar Chamone JM, Sampaio Rigueira JP. Effect of shading strategies on intake, digestibility, respiratory rate, feeding behaviour, and performance of feedlot-finished Nellore bulls in the semi-arid region of Brazil. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1912662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Flávio Pinto Monção
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Janaúba, Brazil
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