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Niyonzima YB, Wanjiru DK, Kadokawa H. Exercise-induced muscle hormone "irisin" controls luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion by bovine gonadotrophs. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 266:107516. [PMID: 38823233 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Irisin is a hormone secreted by muscle in response to exercise. The irisin receptor (IrisinR) is a heterodimer of integrin alpha V (ITGAV) and integrin beta 5 (ITGB5) subunits. Since irisin may mediate some beneficial effects of exercise on animal reproduction, we tested the hypothesis that bovine gonadotrophs express IrisinR and irisin stimulates luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion by gonadotrophs. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of both ITGAV and ITGB5 in the anterior pituitary glands (APs) of post pubertal heifers and mouse gonadotroph cell line "LβT2." Western blotting was used to detect protein expression in bovine APs. Immunofluorescence microscopy, utilizing the same antibody, visualized IrisinR on the plasma membrane of majority of gonadotrophs. We prepared AP cells from healthy postpubertal heifers, cultured them for 3.5 d, and treated them with increasing concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, or 10 nM) of irisin for 5 min before either no treatment or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation. After 2 h, media were harvested for LH and FSH assays. Irisin (0.1-10 nM) stimulated basal LH and FSH secretion, and these stimulatory effects were inhibited by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase or SMAD pathway inhibitors. In the presence of GnRH, irisin at 0.01-1 nM stimulated LH and FSH secretion. A higher dose of irisin (10 nM), however, suppressed the GnRH-induced LH and FSH levels. In conclusion, bovine gonadotrophs expressed IrisinR, and irisin controlled LH and FSH secretion from bovine gonadotrophs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Bienvenu Niyonzima
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi-ken 1677-1, Japan
| | - Denis Karani Wanjiru
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi-ken 1677-1, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kadokawa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi-ken 1677-1, Japan.
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Vaishnavi Nalla S, Jayapradha P, Lalruatmawii, Nandheeswari K, Naxine P, Vigneshwaran G, Rohilla G, Dubey I, Kushwaha S. Irisin as an emerging target in the regulation of reproductive functions in health and disease. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 353:114529. [PMID: 38643847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Germ cells are highly conserved in the gonads, nurtured to either develop into a gamete or self-renew into a stem cell reserve. Preserving the germ cell pool and protecting the reproductive organs is essential for maintaining an individual's fertility. Several factors, including a sedentary lifestyle, pollutants, hormonal disruption, drugs, and a disease condition, have been shown to impair normal reproductive function. Irisin has recently been identified as an adipomyokine involved in modulating physiological functions based on the body's metabolic status. It is being studied for its role in various functions, including fertility. Findings show the localization of irisin in various parts of the reproductive axis, with the highest levels observed during puberty and pregnancy. This raises questions about its role and function in reproduction. Studies support irisin's role in protecting against disease-induced reproductive abnormalities and infertility. Therefore, the current review focuses on how irisin influences spermatogenesis and ovarian follicular development and plays a significant role in indirectly preserving the germ cell pool by protecting the gonads against oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree Vaishnavi Nalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - P Jayapradha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Lalruatmawii
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - K Nandheeswari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Pratik Naxine
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - G Vigneshwaran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Gaurav Rohilla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Itishree Dubey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India
| | - Sapana Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow (UP) 226002, India.
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Wang J, Tang Y, Chen G, Yang M, Gao Q, Wang Y, Zhou W. Irisin combined index to diagnose central precocious puberty in girls: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:275. [PMID: 38671415 PMCID: PMC11046821 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04743-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate serum irisin levels in girls at different developmental status and explore the significance of irisin for the diagnosis of central precocious puberty (CPP) in girls. METHODS In this cross-sectional study 111 girls were enrolled, including 43 cases of CPP, 44 cases of peripheral precocious puberty (PPP) and 24 cases of girls with normal sexual development as controls. The data on age, weight and height, measured blood levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and irisin were collected. Pelvic Doppler ultrasound was performed to evaluate uterine length, transverse diameter, anteroposterior diameter. The girls were divided into non-CPP group and CPP group according to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test. RESULTS Serum irisin levels were significantly higher in CPP group than in PPP group and normal control group. Serum irisin level was positively correlated with basal LH level, basal FSH level, peak LH level, peak LH /FSH ratio, uterine volume, bone age, and bone age index. The area under the curve, cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity of serum irisin were 0.958, 219.255 pg/ml, 100% and 80.6%. The combined diagnosis of CPP in girls by serum irisin and serum basal LH combined with uterine volume had an AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.994, 97.6%, and 100%, superior to that of the single index. CONCLUSIONS Serum irisin level in girls with CPP is significantly increased. An irisin combined index could help the diagnosis of CPP in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Yongquan Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Mingming Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai'an Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai'an Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Yingdan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai'an Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Wendi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai'an Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China.
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Kaminska B, Kurowicka B, Kiezun M, Dobrzyn K, Kisielewska K, Gudelska M, Kopij G, Szymanska K, Zarzecka B, Koker O, Zaobidna E, Smolinska N, Kaminski T. The Role of Adipokines in the Control of Pituitary Functions. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:353. [PMID: 38275812 PMCID: PMC10812442 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The pituitary gland is a key endocrine gland in all classes of vertebrates, including mammals. The pituitary gland is an important component of hypothalamus-pituitary-target organ hormonal regulatory axes and forms a functional link between the nervous system and the endocrine system. In response to hypothalamic stimuli, the pituitary gland secretes a number of hormones involved in the regulation of metabolism, stress reactions and environmental adaptation, growth and development, as well as reproductive processes and lactation. In turn, hormones secreted by target organs at the lowest levels of the hormonal regulatory axes regulate the functions of the pituitary gland in the process of hormonal feedback. The pituitary also responds to other peripheral signals, including adipose-tissue-derived factors. These substances are a broad group of peptides known as adipocytokines or adipokines that act as endocrine hormones mainly involved in energy homeostasis. Adipokines, including adiponectin, resistin, apelin, chemerin, visfatin, and irisin, are also expressed in the pituitary gland, and they influence the secretory functions of this gland. This review is an overview of the existing knowledge of the relationship between chosen adipose-derived factors and endocrine functions of the pituitary gland, with an emphasis on the pituitary control of reproductive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kaminska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Beata Kurowicka
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Karolina Szymanska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Barbara Zarzecka
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Oguzhan Koker
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Ewa Zaobidna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (B.K.); (B.K.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (K.S.); (B.Z.); (O.K.); (N.S.)
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Barbagallo F, Cannarella R, Garofalo V, Marino M, La Vignera S, Condorelli RA, Tiranini L, Nappi RE, Calogero AE. The Role of Irisin throughout Women's Life Span. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3260. [PMID: 38137481 PMCID: PMC10741019 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery, much attention has been drawn to irisin's potential role in metabolic and reproductive diseases. This narrative review summarizes and updates the possible role played by this fascinating molecule in different physiological (puberty and menopause) and pathological (polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA), endometriosis, and gestational diabetes) conditions that can affect women throughout their entire lives. Irisin appears to be an important factor for the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activation, and appears to play a role in the timing of puberty onset. Serum irisin levels have been proposed as a biomarker for predicting the future development of gestational diabetes (GDM). Its role in PCOS is still controversial, although an "irisin resistance" mechanism has been hypothesized. In addition to its impact on metabolism, irisin also appears to influence bone health. Irisin levels are inversely correlated with the prevalence of fractures in postmenopausal women. Similar mechanisms have also been postulated in young women with FHA. In clinical settings, further controlled, prospective and randomized clinical trials are needed to investigate the casual relationship between irisin levels and the conditions described and, in turn, to establish the role of irisin as a prognostic/diagnostic biomarker or a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.G.); (M.M.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Rossella Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.G.); (M.M.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (A.E.C.)
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44125, USA
| | - Vincenzo Garofalo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.G.); (M.M.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Marta Marino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.G.); (M.M.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.G.); (M.M.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Rosita A. Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.G.); (M.M.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Lara Tiranini
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.T.); (R.E.N.)
| | - Rossella E. Nappi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.T.); (R.E.N.)
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Aldo E. Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.G.); (M.M.); (S.L.V.); (R.A.C.); (A.E.C.)
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Lai E, Unniappan S. Irisin in domestic animals. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2023; 83:106787. [PMID: 36863302 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Irisin is a 112 amino acid peptide hormone cleaved from the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein. Irisin is highly conserved across vertebrates, suggesting evolutionarily conserved common functions among domestic animals. These functions include the browning of white adipose tissue and increased energy expenditure. Irisin has been detected and studied primarily in plasma, serum, and skeletal muscle, but has also been found in adipose tissue, liver, kidney, lungs, cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, and saliva. This wider tissue presence of irisin suggests additional functions beyond its role as a myokine in regulating energy use. We are beginning to understand irisin in domestic animals. The goal of this review is to provide an up-to-date commentary on irisin structure, tissue distribution, and functions across vertebrates, especially mammals of importance in veterinary medicine. Irisin could be explored as a potential candidate for developing therapeutic agents and biomarkers in domestic animal endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lai
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - S Unniappan
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada.
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Decourt C, Evans MC, Inglis MA, Anderson GM. Central Irisin Signaling Is Required for Normal Timing of Puberty in Female Mice. Endocrinology 2022; 164:6887324. [PMID: 36503981 PMCID: PMC9791080 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Timing of puberty requires exquisite coordination of genes, hormones, and brain circuitry. An increasing level of body adiposity, signaled to the brain via the fat-derived hormone leptin, is recognized as a major factor controlling puberty onset. However, it is clear that leptin is not the only metabolic cue regulating puberty, and that developmental regulation of this process also involves tissues other than adipose, with muscle development potentially playing a role in the timing of puberty. The proteolytic processing of fibronectin type 3 domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) releases a hormone, irisin. Irisin is primarily produced by muscle and is released into circulation, where levels increase dramatically as puberty approaches. We investigated the effects of a global deletion of the Fndc5 gene on pubertal timing. The absence of irisin induced a delay in puberty onset in female knockout mice compared with controls, without affecting body weight or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal density. We next treated pre-pubertal wild-type male and female mice with an irisin receptor antagonist, cilengitide, for 7 days and observed a delay in first estrus occurrence compared to vehicle-treated control mice. Male puberty timing was unaffected. Next, we deleted the irisin receptor (integrin subunit alpha V) in all forebrain neurons and found a delay in the occurrence of first estrus in knockout females compared to controls. Taken together, these data suggest irisin plays a role in the timing of puberty onset in female mice via a centrally mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Decourt
- Correspondence: Caroline Decourt, PhD, Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, School of Biomedical Sciences, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Maggie C Evans
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago School of Biomedical Sciences, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Megan A Inglis
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago School of Biomedical Sciences, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Greg M Anderson
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago School of Biomedical Sciences, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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Ercan Z, Dogru MS, Ertugrul NU, Yardimci A, Canpolat S. Beneficial effects of irisin in experimental paroxetine-induced hyperprolactinemia. Endocrine 2022; 76:419-425. [PMID: 35226247 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is known that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), represent an important and effective treatment of depression and other psychological disorders, these medications can increase prolactin levels mainly through activation of the serotonergic pathway. In this study, we aimed to determine the beneficial effects of irisin on paroxetine, a SSRI, induced hyperprolectinemia and in some other reproductive hormonal changes associated with hyperprolactinemia. METHODS Thirty two male Spraque-Dawley rats were used and divided into four groups including sham-operated control (vehicle), irisin (100 ng/kg/day for 28 days with mini-osmotic pumps), paroxetine (treated with 20 mg/kg paroxetine by oral gavage), irisin and paroxetine+irisin groups (n = 8). Serum prolactin (PRL), kisspeptin, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone and 5-alpha reductase levels were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA). RESULTS In animals treated with paroxetine, PRL level increased and testosterone level decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Serum LH level was significantly increased in the group, but no significant changes were observed in the FSH, kisspeptin and 5-alpha reductase levels. Serum prolactin levels was significantly decreased in the group treated with irisin. While no significant difference was observed in kisspeptin, FSH and 5-alpha reductase levels, an increase in serum LH and testosterone levels with irisin administration (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, chronic irisin exposure may reverse paroxetine-induced hyperprolactinemia. These results indicate that irisin may have the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent by primarily affecting paroxetine-induced increased prolactin and decreased testosterone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubeyde Ercan
- Firat University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Meryem Sedef Dogru
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Yardimci
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sinan Canpolat
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Elazig, Turkey
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Luo Y, Qiao X, Xu L, Huang G. Irisin: circulating levels in serum and its relation to gonadal axis. Endocrine 2022; 75:663-671. [PMID: 35040046 PMCID: PMC8888466 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-02981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Irisin is an exercise-induced myokine/adipokine in mice and humans that plays an important role in 'browning' of white adipose tissue and has shown great potential as a treatment for some metabolic diseases, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation. The circulating irisin level is reported to be associated with exercise, obesity, diet, diseases, and exposure to different pharmacological agents. Several studies have attempted to characterize the role of irisin in PCOS and other reproductive diseases, but contradictory results have been reported. Our previous study showed that irisin may serve further functions in folliculogenesis and fertility. In this review, we present the current knowledge on the physiology of irisin and its role in gonadal axis. Firstly, we describe irisin circulating levels and speculate on the potential mechanisms involved in irisin secretion and regulation. Then, we focus on the irisin levels in PCOS, and explore the relationships between, BMI, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism. Finally, we present the results from animal interventional studies and in vitro experiments to investigate the relationship between irisin and gonadal axis, indicating its novel effects on reproduction and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyao Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Human Embryo Engineering, Chongqing Reproduction and Genetics Institute, Chongqing Health Center for women and Children, No.64 Jin Tang Street, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400013, China
| | - Xiaoyong Qiao
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangzhi Xu
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoning Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Human Embryo Engineering, Chongqing Reproduction and Genetics Institute, Chongqing Health Center for women and Children, No.64 Jin Tang Street, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400013, China.
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Canpolat S, Ulker N, Yardimci A, Tancan E, Sahin E, Yaman SO, Bulmuş O, Alver A, Ozcan M. Irisin ameliorates male sexual dysfunction in paroxetine-treated male rats. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 136:105597. [PMID: 34861466 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dysfunction is a common clinical condition due to different causes including the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). Especially, SSRI paroxetine is known to cause numerous types of sexual dysfunction in men. There is growing interest in exercise as a non-pharmacological approach for the treatment of SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction. With these in mind, we investigated the effects of irisin, which is a recently detected exercise-linked hormone, on paroxetine-induced sexual dysfunction in male rats. Our findings showed that circulating irisin levels were lower in paroxetine-induced sexual dysfunction in male rats (20 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks by oral gavage than in vehicle-treated rats). In addition, results from sexual behavioral tests revealed that subcutaneous irisin perfusion (100 ng/kg/day via mini-osmotic pumps for 28 days) ameliorated sexual motivation and copulatory performance in sexually impaired male rats treated with paroxetine. The significantly reduced serum testosterone levels and α1-adrenoceptors (ADRA1A) and tyrosine hydroxylase gene (TH) expression levels in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in paroxetine-induced sexually dysfunctioning male rats were markedly increased following irisin exposure. Similarly, the expression levels of ADRA1A and TH in the medial preoptic area (mPOA) significantly increased in male rats co-administered with paroxetine and irisin compared to the vehicle-treated male rats. These results demonstrate that irisin may be a therapeutic modality that mimics/supports the beneficial effects of exercise for improving SSRI-associated sexual dysfunction in men through increase in serum testosterone levels and increased expression of α1-adrenoceptors and TH in the NAc and mPOA associated with sexual motivation and copulatory behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Canpolat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Nazife Ulker
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yardimci
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Emre Tancan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Elif Sahin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Serap Ozer Yaman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Bulmuş
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Alver
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Mete Ozcan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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11
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Yardimci A, Ulker N, Bulmus O, Sahin E, Alver A, Gungor IH, Turk G, Artas G, Kaya Tektemur N, Ozcan M, Kelestimur H, Canpolat S. Irisin Improves High-Fat Diet-Induced Sexual Dysfunction in Obese Male Rats. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 112:1087-1103. [PMID: 35189621 DOI: 10.1159/000523689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is known to cause sexual dysfunction including erectile dysfunction and poor semen quality. Lifestyle modifications such as exercise have increasingly been more recognized to lower the likelihood of having sexual dysfunction or infertility in obese men. In this context, as an exercise-mimetic hormone, irisin has a potential to improve obesity-related reproductive dysfunctions. We aimed to elucidate possible effects of irisin on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced reproductive dysfunction in obese male rats. METHODS Rats were divided into four groups: vehicle, irisin, obese, and obese + irisin. The rats in obese and obese+irisin groups were fed with HFD (60% kcal fat) pellets for 12 weeks to induce obesity, and then obesity-induced sexual dysfunction was confirmed by the sexual behavior test (SBT). Irisin and obese+irisin groups received irisin (100 ng/kg/day) infusion by an s.c. osmotic minipump for 4 weeks after HFD-induced obesity was formed. RESULTS Irisin did improve a number of measures of copulation, including penile erection, ejaculation, and sexual performance, and also improved sperm morphology and motility and decreased fat-induced testicular damage. It decreased serum leptin levels. On the other hand, irisin did not affect serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone. It also increased gene expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and adrenoceptor alpha 1A (ADRA1A) in the medial preoptic area (mPOA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). CONCLUSION Irisin provided a marked enhancement of HFD-induced decrease in libido, potency, sexual performance, and erection in SBT. Taken together, our results emphasize that irisin has a restorative and improver role in HFD-induced reproductive dysfunctions in obese male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Yardimci
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Nazife Ulker
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Bulmus
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Elif Sahin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Alver
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Halil Gungor
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Gaffari Turk
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Artas
- Department of Medical Pathology, Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mete Ozcan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Haluk Kelestimur
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sinan Canpolat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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12
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Sengupta P, Dutta S, Karkada IR, Akhigbe RE, Chinni SV. Irisin, Energy Homeostasis and Male Reproduction. Front Physiol 2021; 12:746049. [PMID: 34621189 PMCID: PMC8490744 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.746049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Irisin is a novel skeletal muscle- and adipose tissue-secreted peptide. It is conventionally regarded as an adipomyokine and is a cleaved fragment of Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5). It is involved in the browning of white adipose tissue, glucose tolerance, and reversing of metabolic disruptions. Fertility is closely linked to energy metabolism and the endocrine function of the adipose tissue. Moreover, there is established association between obesity and male infertility. Irisin bears strong therapeutic promise in obesity and its associated disorders, as well as shown to improve male reproductive functions. Thus, irisin is a molecule of great interest in exploring the amelioration of metabolic syndrome or obesity-induced male infertility. In this review we aim to enumerate the most significant aspects of irisin actions and discuss its involvement in energy homeostasis and male reproduction. Though current and future research on irisin is very promiscuous, a number of clarifications are still needed to reveal its full potential as a significant medicinal target in several human diseases including male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallav Sengupta
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ivan Rolland Karkada
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roland Eghoghosoa Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.,Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Suresh V Chinni
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia
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13
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Shokrollahi B, Shang JH, Saadati N, Ahmad HI, Yang CY. Reproductive roles of novel adipokines apelin, visfatin, and irisin in farm animals. Theriogenology 2021; 172:178-186. [PMID: 34175524 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The adipose tissue has a substantial impact on reproduction in mammals, specifically in females. As an energy depository organ, it is precisely associated with the reproductive success of mammals. Adipose tissue secretes many single molecules that are called 'adipokines' which mainly act as endocrine hormones. Adipokines homeostasis is fundamental to energy regulation, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The endocrine function of adipokines is influential for the long-term control of energy metabolism and performs an important function in metabolic state and fertility modulation. During the last years, new roles for adipokines have been appearing in the field of fertility. The adipokines have functions in reproduction at levels of the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and the gonads in humans, rodents, and other animals. Normal levels of adipokines are indispensable to protect the integrity of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-gonadal axis, regular ovulatory processes, and successful embryo implantation. Leptin and adiponectin are the most studied adipokines, but also the novel adipokines; apelin, visfatin, and irisin are important adipokines having several functions within the reproductive tract. Due to the known and unknown effects of these novel adipokines in the reproduction of farm animals, in this review, we will highlight the reproductive functions of apelin, visfatin, and irisin and summarize the known reproductive effects in farm animals to introduce the gaps for future studies in farm animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borhan Shokrollahi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Jiang-Hua Shang
- Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Technology, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Nazila Saadati
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Kurdistan province, Iran
| | - Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ravi Campus, Pattoki, Pakistan
| | - Chun-Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Technology, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530001, China
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14
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Luo Y, Qiao X, Ma Y, Deng H, Xu CC, Xu L. Irisin deletion induces a decrease in growth and fertility in mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:22. [PMID: 33581723 PMCID: PMC7881587 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00702-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irisin, which is cleaved from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (Fndc5), plays an important role in energy homeostasis. The link between energy metabolism and reproduction is well known. However, the biological actions of irisin in reproduction remain largely unexplored. METHODS In this study, we generated Fndc5 gene mutation to create irisin deficient mice. Female wild-type (WT) and Fndc5 mutant mice were fed with standard chow for 48 weeks. Firstly, the survival rate, body weight and fertility were described in mice. Secondly, the levels of steroid hormones in serum were measured by ELISA, and the estrus cycle and the appearance of follicles were determined by vaginal smears and ovarian continuous sections. Thirdly, mRNA-sequencing analysis was used to compare gene expression between the ovaries of Fndc5 mutant mice and those of WT mice. Finally, the effects of exogenous irisin on steroid hormone production was investigated in KGN cells. RESULTS The mice lacking irisin presented increased mortality, reduced body weight and poor fertility. Analysis of sex hormones showed decreased levels of estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and elevated progesterone levels in Fndc5 mutant mice. Irisin deficiency in mice was associated with irregular estrus, reduced ratio of antral follicles. The expressions of Akr1c18, Mamld1, and Cyp19a1, which are involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones, were reduced in the ovaries of mutant mice. Exogenous irisin could promote the expression of Akr1c18, Mamld1, and Cyp19a1 in KGN cells, stimulating estradiol production and inhibiting progesterone secretion. CONCLUSIONS Irisin deficiency was related to disordered endocrinology metabolism in mice. The irisin deficient mice showed poor growth and development, and decreased fertility. Irisin likely have effects on the expressions of Akr1c18, Mamld1 and Cyp19a1 in ovary, regulating the steroid hormone production. This study provides novel insights into the potential role of irisin in mammalian growth and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyao Luo
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, #20 Section 3, Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Qiao
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, #20 Section 3, Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxian Ma
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, #20 Section 3, Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Deng
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, #20 Section 3, Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Charles C Xu
- College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Liangzhi Xu
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, #20 Section 3, Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Basini G, Bussolati S, Iannarelli M, Ragionieri L, Grolli S, Ramoni R, Dodi A, Gazza F, Grasselli F. The myokine irisin: localization and effects in swine late medium and large antral ovarian follicle. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106576. [PMID: 33120167 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Irisin is mainly synthesized by skeletal muscle tissue, where it is believed to be responsible for the benefits of exercise on metabolism and cardiovascular system. In adipose tissue, its best-known effect is the browning of white adipocytes, resulting in the increase of thermogenesis and energy expenditure. As it has been largely documented that metabolic dysfunctions can frequently be associated with reductions in fertility, the possible involvement of this molecule in the regulation of reproductive processes represents an issue to be addressed. On this basis, the first aim of this work was the evaluation of the presence of irisin in the swine ovary; then, we investigated the expression of the associated molecules FNDC5, PGC-1α, and PPAR-γ. To verify a potential modulatory role both on ovarian function and on redox status, cell growth, steroidogenesis, production of superoxide anion and nitric oxide, the nonenzymatic antioxidant scavengers, were assessed in vitro on granulosa cells treated with increasing concentrations of irisin (50, 100, and 150 ng/mL). The data collected demonstrate the presence of irisin in swine ovarian follicle. Moreover, the highest concentrations tested stimulated metabolic activity and inhibited cell proliferation (P < 0.05); the peptide exerted a biphasic effect on progesterone (P < 0.01) production and, at the highest concentrations, inhibited nitric oxide while stimulated the nonenzymatic antioxidant power (P < 0.05). Superoxide anion and estradiol 17β were unaffected. The demonstration of the local presence of irisin at the ovarian level and the highlighted effects allow us to qualify this molecule as a potential physiological regulator of follicular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Basini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - S Bussolati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - M Iannarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - L Ragionieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - S Grolli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - R Ramoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - A Dodi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - F Gazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - F Grasselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
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16
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Tekin S, Beytur A, Erden Y, Beytur A, Cigremis Y, Vardi N, Turkoz Y, Tekedereli I, Sandal S. Effects of intracerebroventricular administration of irisin on the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis in male rats. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8815-8824. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suat Tekin
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Ali Beytur
- Department of Urology Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Yavuz Erden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of Science, Bartin University Bartin Turkey
| | - Asiye Beytur
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Yilmaz Cigremis
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Nigar Vardi
- Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Yusuf Turkoz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Tekedereli
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Suleyman Sandal
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University Malatya Turkey
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