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Liu X, Chen X, Wang C, Song J, Xu J, Gao Z, Huang Y, Suo H. Mechanisms of probiotic modulation of ovarian sex hormone production and metabolism: a review. Food Funct 2024; 15:2860-2878. [PMID: 38433710 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04345b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Sex hormones play a pivotal role in the growth and development of the skeletal, neurological, and reproductive systems. In women, the dysregulation of sex hormones can result in various health complications such as acne, hirsutism, and irregular menstruation. One of the most prevalent diseases associated with excess androgens is polycystic ovary syndrome with a hyperandrogenic phenotype. Probiotics have shown the potential to enhance the secretion of ovarian sex hormones. However, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Furthermore, comprehensive reviews detailing how probiotics modulate ovarian sex hormones are scarce. This review seeks to shed light on the potential mechanisms through which probiotics influence the production of ovarian sex hormones. The role of probiotics across various biological axes, including the gut-ovarian, gut-brain-ovarian, gut-liver-ovarian, gut-pancreas-ovarian, and gut-fat-ovarian axes, with a focus on the direct impact of probiotics on the ovaries via the gut and their effects on brain gonadotropins is discussed. It is also proposed herein that probiotics can significantly influence the onset, progression, and complications of ovarian sex hormone abnormalities. In addition, this review provides a theoretical basis for the therapeutic application of probiotics in managing sex hormone-related health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Gao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Yechuan Huang
- College of Bioengineering, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, P. R. China.
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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Menezes VG, Monte APOD, de Sousa Barberino R, Gouveia BB, Lins TLBG, Macedo TJSE, Júnior JLDO, de Almeida Araújo C, Campos FS, Filho EFDO, Batista AM, Queiroz MAÁ, Araújo GGLD, Matos MHTD, Wischral A. Effect of reduced water intake on ovarian reserve, leptin immunoexpression and impact of leptin on the in vitro culture of sheep secondary follicles. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 255:107278. [PMID: 37390679 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of reduced water intake on survival, apoptosis and immunoexpression of leptin in sheep preantral follicles, activation of primordial follicles, serum levels of leptin, estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), and in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes antral follicles, as well evaluated the effects of leptin on in vitro culture of secondary follicles isolated these animals. Ewes (n = 32) were divided into four groups: water ad libitum (Control - 100%), 80%; 60% and 40% of ad libitum intake. Blood was collected to determine, leptin, E2 and P4, before and after experiment. After the slaughter, ovarian cortex was used to histological and immunohistochemistry analysis and oocytes IVM. Moreover, isolated secondary follicles were cultured in vitro for 12 days in control medium (α-MEM+) or α-MEM+ with 10 or 25 ng/mL leptin. The reduction of water intake caused a linear decreasing effect on the percentages of normal preantral follicles, especially of primordial (P < 0.05), increased the apoptosis (P < 0.05) and decreased leptin expression in preantral follicles. The treatment with 60% of water intake showed greater total growth rate of isolated secondary follicles cultured with 25 ng/L leptin (P < 0.05), compared to those cultured in α-MEM+ . In conclusion, reduced water intake impaired the number of normal sheep preantral follicles, especially of primordial follicles, increased apoptosis and decreased leptin expression in preantral follicles. Moreover, secondary follicles from of ewes that receive 60% water intake increased follicular growth after in vitro culture with 25 ng/mL leptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanúzia Gonçalves Menezes
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil.
| | - Alane Pains Oliveira do Monte
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Ricássio de Sousa Barberino
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bortoloni Gouveia
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Thae Lane Barbosa Gama Lins
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Taís Jobard Silva E Macedo
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Cleyton de Almeida Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Pastures, Universidade Federal do Agreste Pernambucano, Garanhuns, PE, Brazil
| | - Fleming Sena Campos
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Pastures, Universidade Federal do Agreste Pernambucano, Garanhuns, PE, Brazil; Departamento de Ciência Animal, Centro de Ciências de Chapadinha - CCCh, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Chapadina, MA, 65500-000 Brazil
| | - Emanuel Felipe de Oliveira Filho
- Laboratory of Deficiency and Metabolic Diseases and Poisoning of Ruminants, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - André Mariano Batista
- Laboratory of Biotechnics Applied to Reproduction, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Mário Adriano Ávila Queiroz
- Laboratory of Bromatology and Animal Nutrition, Universidade Federal Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Helena Tavares de Matos
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Aurea Wischral
- Laboratory of Biotechnics Applied to Reproduction, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Differential Expression of Duplicate Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptors ( igf1rs) in Medaka Gonads. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060859. [PMID: 35743889 PMCID: PMC9225247 DOI: 10.3390/life12060859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors (igf1rs) play important roles in regulating development, differentiation, and proliferation in diverse organisms. In the present study, subtypes of medaka igf1r, igf1ra, and igf1rb were isolated and characterized. RT-PCR results showed that igf1ra and igf1rb mRNA were expressed in all tissues and throughout embryogenesis. Using real-time PCR, the differential expression of igf1ra and igf1rb mRNA during folliculogenesis was observed. The results of in situ hybridization (ISH) revealed that both of them were expressed in ovarian follicles at different stages, and igf1rb was also expressed in theca cells and granulosa cells. In the testis, both igf1ra and igf1rb mRNA were highly expressed in sperm, while igf1rb mRNA was also obviously detected in spermatogonia. In addition, igf1ra mRNA was also present in Leydig cells in contrast to the distribution of igf1rb mRNA in Sertoli cells. Collectively, we demonstrated that differential igf1rs RNA expression identifies medaka meiotic germ cells and somatic cells of both sexes. These findings highlight the importance of the igf system in the development of fish gonads.
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New Aspects of Corpus Luteum Regulation in Physiological and Pathological Conditions: Involvement of Adipokines and Neuropeptides. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060957. [PMID: 35326408 PMCID: PMC8946127 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum is a small gland of great importance because its proper functioning determines not only the appropriate course of the estrous/menstrual cycle and embryo implantation, but also the subsequent maintenance of pregnancy. Among the well-known regulators of luteal tissue functions, increasing attention is focused on the role of neuropeptides and adipose tissue hormones—adipokines. Growing evidence points to the expression of these factors in the corpus luteum of women and different animal species, and their involvement in corpus luteum formation, endocrine function, angiogenesis, cells proliferation, apoptosis, and finally, regression. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge about the expression and role of adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, apelin, vaspin, visfatin, chemerin, and neuropeptides like ghrelin, orexins, kisspeptin, and phoenixin in the physiological regulation of the corpus luteum function, as well as their potential involvement in pathologies affecting the luteal cells that disrupt the estrous cycle.
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Transcriptomic Profile of New Gene Markers Encoding Proteins Responsible for Structure of Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111214. [PMID: 34827207 PMCID: PMC8615192 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The extracellular matrix (ECM) is involved in many physiological processes that occur in the ovary and affect reproduction in animals and humans. The ECM has been shown to significantly affect folliculogenesis, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation. This is mainly due to the involvement of ECM in intercellular signaling. In the present study, we report the gene expression profile of porcine granulosa cells during their primary in vitro culture. The genes presented are related to ECM formation but also to cadherins and integrins that influence intercellular dialogue. During the study, it was shown that most of the genes were upregulated. A detailed understanding of the expression of genes such as POSTN, CHI3L1, CAV-1, IRS1, DCN in in vitro culture of granulosa cells may provide a basis for further studies on the molecular mechanisms occurring within the ovary. Knowledge of ECM-related gene expression within granulosa cells can also be used to study the recently discovered stemness of these cells. Moreover, the presented data may serve for the development of assisted reproduction techniques, which, especially in vitro, are becoming increasingly common. Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) in granulosa cells is functionally very important, and it is involved in many processes related to ovarian follicle growth and ovulation. The aim of this study was to describe the expression profile of genes within granulosa cells that are associated with extracellular matrix formation, intercellular signaling, and cell–cell fusion. The material for this study was ovaries of sexually mature pigs obtained from a commercial slaughterhouse. Laboratory-derived granulosa cells (GCs) from ovarian follicles were cultured in a primary in vitro culture model. The extracted genetic material (0, 48, 96, and 144 h) were subjected to microarray expression analysis. Among 81 genes, 66 showed increased expression and only 15 showed decreased expression were assigned to 7 gene ontology groups “extracellular matrix binding”, “extracellular matrix structural constituent”, “binding, bridging”, “cadherin binding”, “cell adhesion molecule binding”, “collagen binding” and “cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion”. The 10 genes with the highest expression (POSTN, ITGA2, FN1, LAMB1, ITGB3, CHI3L1, PCOLCE2, CAV1, DCN, COL14A1) and 10 of the most down-regulated (SPP1, IRS1, CNTLN, TMPO, PAICS, ANK2, ADAM23, ABI3BP, DNAJB1, IGF1) were selected for further analysis. The results were validated by RT-qPCR. The current results may serve as preliminary data for further analyses using in vitro granulosa cell cultures in assisted reproduction technologies, studies of pathological processes in the ovary as well as in the use of the stemness potential of GCs.
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Norambuena C, Hernandez F, Alfaro J, Silva G, Topp S, Ratto M. Effect of Different Levels of Energy Diet Restriction on Energy Balance, Leptin and CL Development, Vascularization, and Function in South American Camelids. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:598147. [PMID: 33392291 PMCID: PMC7772316 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.598147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to determine the effect of energy diet restriction on energy balance, systemic leptin and corpus luteum (CL) vascularization, development, and function in South American camelids. In experiment 1, adult llamas were randomly assigned to receive a diet of 70% of their maintenance energy requirements (MER) (Restricted group, n = 7) or fed ad libitum (Control group, n = 7) during 28 days. Body live weight (BLW) and body condition score (BCS) were recorded, blood samples were collected every 2 weeks to measure plasma leptin concentrations, and energy metabolites were quantified. In experiment 2, adult alpacas were randomly assigned to receive a diet of 40% MER for 21 days (Restricted group, n = 7) or fed ad libitum (Control group, n = 7). Then, ovulation was induced with gonadorelin acetate (day = 0), and trans-rectal ultrasonography (7.5 MHz) was performed using B and Doppler mode to record the diameter of the pre-ovulatory follicle, ovulation, CL diameter, and vascularization from Days 0 to 13. Blood samples were collected every 48 h from Days 1 to 13 to quantify plasma leptin and progesterone concentrations. In experiment 1, energy diet restriction of 70% MER did not affect plasma leptin concentration and metabolic parameters of the Restricted group. In experiment 2, the Restricted group had a lower BCS (p < 0.001), a smaller diameter of the CL on Days 5 and 7 (p < 0.05), and a smaller maximum diameter of the CL (10.2 ± 0.6 mm) than the Control group (12.1 ± 0.6 mm; p = 0.04). Low energy restriction of 70% MER for 28 days did not affect the energy balance of llamas (Experiment 1). Moderate energy restriction of 40% MER for 21 days negatively affected energy balance (BCS), and CL development but not its vascularization, leptin, and progesterone concentrations. These species must be submitted to longer periods or a higher level of energy restriction to impair ovarian function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Norambuena
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco, Chile.,Nucleus of Research in Food Production, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Francisca Hernandez
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jorge Alfaro
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Silva
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Shirley Topp
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Marcelo Ratto
- Institute of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Austral University, Valdivia, Chile
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Gallelli MF, Bianchi C, Zampini E, Aba M, Gambarotta M, Miragaya M. Plasma IGF1 and 17β-Estradiol Concentrations During the Follicular Wave in Llamas. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:555261. [PMID: 33195527 PMCID: PMC7661775 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.555261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the temporal association between follicular waves and circulating concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2) and IGF1 in llamas. Follicular waves could be clearly divided in three phases: growth, plateau and regression; with a mean duration of 18.8 ± 0.32 days. All follicular waves showed overlapping, so that as one dominant follicle was regressing, another one was growing. E2 plasma concentration showed a wavelike pattern, similar to that followed by the dominant follicle; reaching its maximum concentration at the end of the growth phase and decreasing at the end of the plateau phase. IGF1 also showed variations during the follicular wave. It tended to increase during the growth phase and decreased toward Days 14 and 16. IGF1 reached its maximum concentration before E2 did (5 ± 0.8 vs. 7.2 ± 0.5 days after wave emergence) and before the maximum follicular diameter was attained (10.2 ± 0.46 days after wave emergence). Both hormones started to rise again in coincidence with the development of a new follicular wave. The observed profiles allow to suggest that IGF1 could have a role on folliculogenesis and ovarian steroideogenesis in llamas, as reported for other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Gallelli
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Bianchi
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Endocrinología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Enzo Zampini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Aba
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - M Gambarotta
- Departamento de Bioestadística, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Miragaya
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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