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Diniz J, Riveros J, Teixeira A, Pereira I, Borges A, Monteiro G, Peres R, Rocha L, Beletti M, Oliveira L. In vitro sperm characteristics and in vivo fertility of sex-sorted and conventional semen in suckled Nelore cows at a traditional schedule for timed-AI with estrus detection. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess in vitro sperm characteristics and pregnancies/AI (P/AI) of conventional and sex-sorted semen at timed-AI of suckled, multiparous Nelore cows. All cows (n=348) were submitted to a traditional estradiol/progesterone(P4)-based protocol. At 48h after P4-device removal, the estrous behavior was recorded, and AI was performed with conventional or sex-sorted semen from two bulls. The following sperm assessments were performed: CASA, Hyposmotic Test, sperm morphometry and chromatin structure by TB staining. P/AI were reduced (P<0.001) for sex-sorted compared to conventional semen in cows expressing estrus (27vs47%) or not (11vs.37%). Membrane integrity (Bull1: 30.3±9.6 vs. 52.3±12.4%, P=0.01; Bull2: 24.5±3.0 vs. 48.7±1.6%, P=0.006) and sperm concentration (Bull1: 23.2±0.6 vs. 43.0±0.8x10⁶sperm/mL, P<0.001; Bull2: 25.1±2.8 vs. 42.1±0.7x10⁶sperm/mL; P<0.001) were reduced in sex-sorted compared to conventional semen, for both bulls. Total and progressive motility were reduced in sex-sorted semen for Bull1 (TM: 49.7±15.9 vs. 94.9±1.9%, P=0.007; PM: 16.7±3.4 vs. 44.1±13.2%, P=0.009) and no differences were detected for Bull2 (TM: 45.0±17.5 vs. 68.2±19.1%, P=0.098; PM: 12.8±4.7 vs. 30.0±13.0%, P=0.065). Sperm ellipticity from sex-sorted was lower than conventional semen for Bull2 (0.306±0.01 vs. 0.342±0.02, P=0.02) and no difference was detected for Bull1 (0.332±0.01 vs. 0.330±0.01, P=0.55). Reduced in vivo fertility was observed for sex-sorted semen, regardless of estrous behavior. In vitro sperm quality of sex-sorted semen was compromised for both bulls, but differently affected for each sire.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - A.M. Borges
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - L.O. Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brazil
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Comparison of estradiol benzoate doses for resynchronization of ovulation at 14 days after timed-AI in suckled beef cows. Theriogenology 2022; 184:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Marques JCDS, Cadima GP, Faria ACF, Guimarães EA, Oliveira FS, Santos RMD. Application of PGF2α at the moment of fixed-time artificial insemination in crossbred beef cows. Anim Reprod 2022; 19:e20220012. [PMID: 36381270 PMCID: PMC9639573 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although studies have shown positive effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) or prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) at the moment of fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in the conception rate (CR) of cattle, its effects on treatments based on progesterone (P4) and estradiol benzoate (EB) is still not conclusive. The objective of this study was (1) to evaluate the effect of a PGF2α analogue at FTAI in the CR of crossbred beef cows submitted to a 11d FTAI protocol based on P4 and EB; and (2) to describe the CR between PGF2α-treated and control cows in different body condition scores (BCS) and parity categories. Crossbred (½ Nellore and ½ Angus) beef cows were submitted to a synchronization protocol and randomly assigned into 2 groups: Control (n = 163), at FTAI cows received 2 mL of saline solution as a placebo, and PGF2α (n = 163), at FTAI cows were treated with PGF2α analogue (10 mg of dinoprost tromethamine). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed 33d post-FTAI. Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of PGF2α treatment on CR. There was no difference in CR between PGF2α and control groups (P > 0.05; odds ratio (OR) = 0.92; confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-1.4). A greater CR was found in heifers (P = 0.0006, OR = 2.65, CI = 1.61 - 4.38) and multiparous (P = 0.0006, OR = 2.12, CI = 1.04 - 4.3) when compared to primiparous cows. Cows with low BCS (4; 9-point scale) showed lower CR when compared with moderate BCS (5-6; 9-point scale) (P < 0.05; OR = 0.10; CI = 0.06 - 0.18). There was no numerical difference on CR between PGF2α-treated and control cows in different BCS and parity categories. The results suggested that the CR in this study was not influenced by 10 mg PGF2α analogue at FTAI.
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Administration of PGF2α at the moment of timed-AI using sex-sorted or conventional semen in suckled nelore cows with different intensity of estrus behavior. Theriogenology 2021; 174:169-175. [PMID: 34455244 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate pregnancy rates (PR) and ovulatory characteristics of Nelore cows receiving PGF2α at the time of AI (artificial insemination) in a progesterone(P4)/estradiol-based timed-AI protocol. We also compared the effects of PGF2α treatment at AI in cows inseminated with conventional or sex-sorted semen, with the absence or expression of estrus. In experiment 1, a total of 701 suckled, multiparous Nelore cows from two commercial beef farms were submitted to the same protocol. All cows received a 12.5 mg (IM) injection of dinoprost tromethamine (Dinoprost; Lutalyse®; PGF treatment) at days 7 and 9 of a timed-AI protocol. Following P4 device removal (day 11; D11), AI was performed 48 h later with conventional or sex-sorted semen from two different sires. At AI, cows received an additional dose of 12.5 mg (IM) of Dinoprost (PGF treatment) or 2.5 mL (IM) of sterile saline (Control). Estrus behavior was determined at D11 by activation of an estrus detection device (Estrotect®). The overall PR was 32.8% (n = 348) at Farm 1 and 42.3% (n = 353) at Farm 2 (P = 0.01). Despite PR differences between farms, the same factors affected PR at Farms 1 and 2. Body condition score (P = 0.02), estrus behavior (P = 0.01), and type of semen (P < 0.001) were factors affecting PR. Conventional semen had a 2.73x greater chance of successful pregnancy than sex-sorted semen. Cows displaying estrus had a 2.5x greater chance of successful pregnancy than cows that did not display estrus. No treatment effect (P = 0.67) was detected in cows receiving conventional or sex-sorted semen. However, there was a tendency (P = 0.08) for an interaction between treatment (PGF or control) and estrus behavior (estrus or no estrus). PGF2α at the time of AI tended to increase PR of cows that did not display estrus (P < 0.10). In experiment 2, 29 suckled, multiparous Nelore cows were compared using B-mode and Doppler ultrasongraphy to assess the ovulatory characteristics of cows receiving the 12.5 mg (IM) injection of Dinoprost (PGF treatment) or saline solution (control) at D11. No significant effects of PGF2α treatment at D11 were observed in follicular characteristics and/or ovulation performance. It was concluded that fertility of sex-sorted semen was lower than conventional semen, regardless of the PGF2α treatment. The 12.5 mg treatment of Dinoprost at AI did not accelerate the occurrence of ovulation; however, it was interesting to note that PGF2α treatment at timed-AI appeared to increase the fertility of cows that did not display estrus, independent of semen type.
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Couto LFM, Zapa DMB, Heller LM, Cavalcante ASDA, Nicaretta JE, Cruvinel LB, Colli MHA, Ferreira LL, Alencar A, de Melo-Junior RD, Soares VE, Borges FDA, Lopes WDZ. Gastrointestinal nematode control programs in yearling Nellore heifers: Analysis of fecal egg counts, weight gain and reproductive indices. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 226:106695. [PMID: 33485086 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate two different gastrointestinal nematode treatment regimens. Fecal egg counts (FECs), proportion of nematode genera, weight gain, body condition score and reproductive indices (estrous cyclicity, conception and pregnancy rates) were evaluated in yearling heifers after imposing two treatment regimens for gastrointestinal nematodes: T1 = 306 calves treated in May and November with 3.5 % doramectin (700 μg/kg) and August (Aug) with saline solution; and T2 = 307 calves treated in May with 3.5 % doramectin (700 μg/kg), in August with 1% moxidectin (200 μg/kg) and in November with 3.5 % doramectin (700 μg/kg). The animals were weighed, and feces were collected for conducting FECs and coproculture. There was imposing of three fixed-time artificial inseminations (TAIs), and estrous cyclic and pregnancy statuses were determined. Cooperia was the most frequent genus detected in both groups. Heifers of the T2, as compared to those in the T1 group, had fewer FECs in November (P ≤ 0.05) and greater weight gain and average daily weight gain (P ≤ 0.05) from August to November. There tended to be more heifers of the T2 than T1 group estrous cycling (P = 0.07) at the beginning of the breeding season as well as greater pregnancy rates (P = 0.03) and conception rates (P = 0.03) as a result of the second FTAI. The results indicate there is greater reproduction outcomes as a result of strategic control of gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling Nellore heifers using the T1 as compared with T2 treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
- Laboratório de Especialidades Parasitárias, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Dina María Beltrán Zapa
- Laboratório de Especialidades Parasitárias, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Laboratório de Especialidades Parasitárias, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Alliny Souza de Assis Cavalcante
- Laboratório de Especialidades Parasitárias, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Laboratório de Especialidades Parasitárias, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel
- Laboratório de Especialidades Parasitárias, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda Alencar
- Veterinarian, Fazenda São Marcelo, Juruena, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Rubens Dias de Melo-Junior
- Laboratório de Especialidades Parasitárias, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando de Almeida Borges
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Laboratório de Especialidades Parasitárias, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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