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Wernli KJ, Bowles EA, Knerr S, Leppig KA, Ehrlich K, Gao H, Schwartz MD, O’Neill SC. Characteristics Associated with Participation in ENGAGED 2 - A Web-based Breast Cancer Risk Communication and Decision Support Trial. Perm J 2020; 24:1-4. [PMID: 33482952 PMCID: PMC7849258 DOI: 10.7812/tpp/19.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated demographic and clinical characteristics associated with participation in a clinical trial testing the efficacy of an online tool to support breast cancer risk communication and decision support for risk mitigation to determine the generalizability of trial results. METHODS Eligible women were members of Kaiser Permanente Washington aged 40-69 years with a recent normal screening mammogram, heterogeneously or extremely dense breasts and a calculated risk of > 1.67% based on the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium 5-year breast cancer risk model. Trial outcomes were chemoprevention and breast magnetic resonance imaging by 12-months post-baseline. Women were recruited via mail with phone follow-up using plain language materials notifying them of their density status and higher than average breast cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regression calculated independent odds ratios (ORs) for associations between demographic and clinical characteristics with trial participation. RESULTS Of 2,569 eligible women contacted, 995 (38.7%) participated. Women with some college (OR = 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34-2.96) or college degree (OR = 3.35, 95% CI 2.29-4.90) were more likely to participate than high school-educated women. Race/ethnicity also was associated with participation (African-American OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.87; Asian OR = 0.22, 95% CI 0.12-0.41). Multivariate adjusted ORs for family history of breast/ovarian cancer were not associated with trial participation. DISCUSSION Use of plain language and potential access to a website providing personal breast cancer risk information and education were insufficient in achieving representative participation in a breast cancer prevention trial. Additional methods of targeting and tailoring, potentially facilitated by clinical and community outreach, are needed to facilitate equitable engagement for all women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Wernli
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Erin A Bowles
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Kelly Ehrlich
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Hongyuan Gao
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Marc D Schwartz
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Suzanne C O’Neill
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
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Broad consent in practice: lessons learned from a hospital-based biobank for prospective research on genomic and medical data. Eur J Hum Genet 2020; 28:915-924. [PMID: 32086443 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-0585-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Broad consent is increasingly recommended as an acceptable consent model for biobanking human samples and health data with a view to their future use in research. Empirical evidence on the practice of broad consent and its implementation in the hospital setting, however, is still very limited. We analyse and discuss results from a qualitative study of perceptions of a sample of patients and biobank recruiters regarding broad consent to participate in a hospital-based biobank for prospective research on genomic and health data. Our findings suggest that contextual and relational factors play an important role in the practice of broad consent, and illustrate that broad consent relies as much on intuition as on reasoning. Moreover, we show that seeking broad consent in the hospital affects patient-recruiter interaction and that "conditional" trust plays a significant role in broad-consent decision-making. In conclusion, we provide recommendations to improve patient autonomy in the context of hospital-based broad consent.
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Jimenez YA, Beldham-Collins R, Lewis SJ. Patient Recruitment in Radiation Therapy Research: An Evaluation of Local Challenges. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2019; 50:416-424.e2. [PMID: 31327666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2019.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Locally-initiated research studies in radiation therapy (RT) aim to substantiate clinical processes and are an effective approach to gather evidence for advances in patient care, new techniques, and protocols. The aim of this study was to retrospectively quantify recruitment challenges at a radiation oncology network (RON). METHODS Five locally initiated studies were included for analysis through the criteria of being undertaken within 2001-2017, initiated through local research teams, and having recruitment records available. Data extraction from each study included duration, aims, patient activities, recruitment strategy, target number of participants, and number of participants who were recruited/not recruited and who withdrew from the study. Reasons for nonregistration and withdrawal were recorded if available. Two studies are presented as case studies. RESULTS Included studies were diverse in patient population and study aim and included patient immobilization (lung and breast cancer), evaluation of radiation-induced esophagitis, documentation of anatomical and dosimetric changes in patients with head and neck cancer, and education (breast cancer). The exclusion of non-English-speaking patients, which is significant for the RON, which covers a wide cultural and linguistic diversity, was an important limiting factor, along with RT patients' disinterest in participation. DISCUSSION Challenges experienced in the evaluated RON studies are similar to non-RT clinical trials and included difficulties with patients interacting with study protocol, health practitioners' influence, and patient-related inclusion issues. CONCLUSION The resulting database provides a foundation for continued monitoring and documentation of study recruitment practice, which could elicit positive effects on planning and implementation of future patient recruitment strategies in RT locally initiated studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachael Beldham-Collins
- The Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia; Nepean Cancer Care Centre, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, Australia
| | - Sarah Jayne Lewis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
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Ayoub JJ, Abiad M, Forman MR, Honein-AbouHaidar G, Naja F. The interaction of personal, contextual, and study characteristics and their effect on recruitment and participation of pregnant women in research: a qualitative study in Lebanon. BMC Med Res Methodol 2018; 18:155. [PMID: 30497391 PMCID: PMC6267028 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-018-0616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Declining participation rates are impeding health research. Little is known about factors influencing the decision to participate in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Therefore, this paper reports on the various individual factors and their with contextual factors in influencing participation in research among pregnant women and the recommendations to enhance their recruitment in Lebanon. Methods This study used a qualitative research design drawing on focus groups and in-depth interviews. The Theoretical Domain Framework guided data collection and analysis. The three participant groups included: Group 1-Pregnant women (n = 25) attending public pre-natal events and antenatal clinics in Beirut; Group 2-Pregnant women (n = 6) already enrolled in the ongoing Mother and Infant Nutritional Assessment birth cohort study; Group 3-Key informants (n = 13) including health care workers involved in recruiting pregnant women. Conversations were audio recorded, transcribed, translated into English, and thematically analyzed. Results Three main factors influencing participation were revealed, with each factor encompassing several sub-themes: (1) personal factors (altruism, self-confidence, personal interest in the topic, previous understanding of the nature and purpose of research, education level, and previous research experience), (2) contextual factors (societal factors, family and friends), and (3) study characteristics (burden of the study, ethical considerations, incentives, and research interpersonal skills and physician endorsement to participate). The results suggested a dynamic interaction among the identified factors, forming two intersecting axes, with a four-quadrant configuration. The y- and x-axes represented personal factors and contextual factors, respectively. Individuals positioned on the lower-left quadrant were the least likely to participate; those on the upper-right quadrant were the most likely to participate; while those on the upper-left and lower-right quadrants were indecisive. Study characteristics seemed to affect the decision of pregnant women to participate situated in any of the four quadrants. Specific recommendations to improve participation were also identified. Conclusions Our findings suggested an interaction of personal factors, contextual factors, and study characteristics affecting subjects’ participation. This interaction integrates factors into a novel dynamic framework that could be used in future studies. The recommendations identified may help improve participation of pregnant women in health research hence enhancing the quality and generalizability of research findings in LMIC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12874-018-0616-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Ayoub
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - May Abiad
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Michele R Forman
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Farah Naja
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Balls-Berry JE, Sinicrope PS, Valdez Soto MA, Albertie ML, Lafflam R, Major-Elechi BT, Juhn YJ, Brockman TA, Bock MJ, Patten CA. Using Garden Cafés to engage community stakeholders in health research. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200483. [PMID: 30096153 PMCID: PMC6086403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Science Cafés, informal venues to promote bidirectional dialog, inquiry and learning about science between community members, scientists, healthcare and service providers, hold promise as an innovative tool for healthcare researchers and community members to improve health outcomes, especially among populations with health disparities. However, the process of optimizing science cafés is under-studied. We describe the pilot evaluation of a series of Science Cafés, called Garden Cafés (n = 9), conducted from September 2015 through April 2016 in Olmsted County, MN and Duval County, FL to connect Mayo Clinic researchers and local service providers with the community. Selection of discussion topics was guided by a county health needs assessment, which identified community priorities. Before leaving the events, community participants completed a brief anonymous survey assessing sociodemographics and their knowledge of research benefits, readiness to participate as a partner in health research, and health and science literacy confidence. Of the 112 attendees who responded, 51% were female and 51% were Black. Respondents reported that participating in the event significantly improved (all at p<0.001) their understanding on all three measures. Preliminary findings suggest that Garden Cafés are an effective forum to increase community understanding and disposition to collaborate in health research, especially in members from diverse backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce E Balls-Berry
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Office for Community Engagement in Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Pamela S Sinicrope
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Miguel A Valdez Soto
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Office for Community Engagement in Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Monica L Albertie
- Office of Health Disparities Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rene Lafflam
- RNeighbors, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Brittny T Major-Elechi
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biostatics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Young J Juhn
- Department of Community Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Children's Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Tabetha A Brockman
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Office for Community Engagement in Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Martha J Bock
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Office for Community Engagement in Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Christi A Patten
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Office for Community Engagement in Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
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Yang L, Wang J, Cheng J, Wang Y, Lu W. Quality assurance target for community-based breast cancer screening in China: a model simulation. BMC Cancer 2018. [PMID: 29514679 PMCID: PMC5840933 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4168-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to clarify the feasibility of a community-based screening strategy for breast cancer in Tianjin, China; to identify the factors that most significantly influenced its feasibility; and to identify the reference range for quality control. Methods A state-transition Markov model simulated a hypothetical cohort of 100,000 healthy women, the start aged was set at 35 years and the time horizon was set to 50 years. The primary outcome for the model was the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR), defined as the program’s cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Three screening strategies providing by community health service for women aged 35 to 69 years was compared regarding to different intervals. Result The probability of the ICUR being below 20 272USD (i.e., triple the annual gross domestic product [3 GDPs]) per QALY saved was 100% for annual screening strategy and screening every three years. Only when the attendance rate was > 50%, the probability for annual screening would be cost effective > 95%. The probability for the annual screening strategy being cost effective could reach to 95% for a willingness-to-pay (WTP) of 2 GDPs when the compliance rate for transfer was > 80%. When 10% stage I tumors were detected by screening, the probability of the annual screening strategy being cost effective would be up to 95% for a WTP > 3 GDPs. Conclusion Annual community-based breast cancer screening was cost effective for a WTP of 3 GDP based on the incidence of breast cancer in Tianjin, China. Measures are needed to ensure performance indicators to a desirable level for the cost-effectiveness of breast cancer screening. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4168-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Binhai New Area Tanggu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300451, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chronic disease prevention and control, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chronic disease prevention and control, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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7
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Sikweyiya Y, Nduna M, Shai N, Jewkes R. Motivations for participating in a non-interventional gender-based violence survey in a low-income setting in South Africa. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:605. [PMID: 28662653 PMCID: PMC5492904 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Qualitative study of motivations to participate in research into violence and other sensitive issues can help interpretation of findings from community based quantitative surveys. It is equally important to conduct research that may enable a deeper understanding on what motivates people to participate in GBV studies. To date, not much research has been conducted to investigate the factors that influence non-enrolment and enrolment in GBV studies from the viewpoint of the real participants. The present study sought to explore people’s reasons for participating in a non-intervention GBV community-based survey in Gauteng province, South Africa. Methods Twenty-two qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with adult black African men and women who had participated in a gender-based violence survey conducted in a low-income setting in South Africa. Results Some participants reported motives for survey participation which could be interpreted as altruistic. Their motives included a desire to contribute to advancement of knowledge and to share life experiences so that unknown others could learn from these experiences. Yet, some participants hoped their participation will result in personal benefit or that they may be helped with their socio-economic challenges. The analysis further revealed a complex relationship between altruism and self-interest motives for participating in the survey amongst some of the participants. Conclusion We conclude that it is difficult to discern which motive was primary or preceded the other. This is because such motives are not fixed, probably multiple and owing to their fluidity, may shift in people’s minds at different times and depending on the nature of the conversation. Moreover, there may be a shift in the weight given to different motives over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandisa Sikweyiya
- Gender and Health Research Unit, Medical Research Council, No 1 Soutpansberg Road, Pretoria, South Africa. .,School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Mzikazi Nduna
- School of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nwabisa Shai
- Gender and Health Research Unit, Medical Research Council, No 1 Soutpansberg Road, Pretoria, South Africa.,School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rachel Jewkes
- Gender and Health Research Unit, Medical Research Council, No 1 Soutpansberg Road, Pretoria, South Africa.,School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Knapstad M, Löve J, Holmgren K, Hensing G, Øverland S. Registry-based analysis of participator representativeness: a source of concern for sickness absence research? BMJ Open 2016; 6:e012372. [PMID: 27798012 PMCID: PMC5093686 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Selective participation can bias results in epidemiological surveys. The importance of health status is often suggested as a possible explanation for non-participation but few empirical studies exist. In a population-based study, explicitly focused on sickness absence, health and work, we examined whether a history of high levels of sickness absence was associated with non-participation. DESIGN The study is based on data from official sickness absence registers from participants, non-participants and the total target population of the baseline survey of the Health Assets Project (HAP). SETTING HAP is a population-based cohort study in the Västra Götaland region in South Western Sweden. PARTICIPANTS HAP included a random population cohort (n=7984) and 2 cohorts with recent sickness absence (employees (n=6140) and non-employees (n=990)), extracted from the same overall general working-age population. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES We examined differences in participation rates between cohorts (2008), and differences in previous sickness absence (2001-2008) between participants (individual-level data) and non-participants or the target population (group-level data) within cohorts. RESULTS Participants had statistically significant less registered sickness absence in the past than non-participants and the target population for some, but not all, of the years analysed. Yet these differences were not of substantial size. Other factors than sickness absence were more important in explaining differences in participation, whereby participants were more likely to be women, older, born in Nordic countries, married and have higher incomes than non-participants. CONCLUSIONS Although specifically addressing sickness absence, having such experience did not add any substantial layer to selective participation in the present survey. Detailed measures are needed to gain a better understanding for health selection in health-related surveys such as those addressing sickness absence, for instance in order to discriminate between selection due to ability or motivation for participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Knapstad
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jesper Löve
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Holmgren
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnel Hensing
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simon Øverland
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Lacey JV, Savage KE. 50 % Response rates: half-empty, or half-full? Cancer Causes Control 2016; 27:805-8. [PMID: 27100357 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-016-0748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
When the Black Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort of over 59,000 women who have been followed since 1995, invited all of its participants to provide a DNA sample for future research, only 51 % of those participants agreed to do so. Responders were significantly older and more health conscious than non-responders. The Black Women's Health Study is a unique resource, but this low level of response and its resulting self-selection bias are now the norm in contemporary epidemiologic, and especially cohort, studies. Epidemiology desperately needs new approaches that work better and cost less. The literature on predictors of response focuses too narrowly on participant characteristics and does not identify any clear steps studies can take to increase participation. To improve research quality, cost-efficiency, and long-term sustainability of studies, epidemiology can and should approach, analyze, and leverage response-rate data more creatively and extensively than most studies have done to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- James V Lacey
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA.
| | - Kristen E Savage
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA
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Schweitzer A, Akmatov MK, Kindler F, Kemmling Y, Kreienbrock L, Krause G, Pessler F. The impact of distance and duration of travel on participation rates and participants' satisfaction: results from a pilot study at one study centre in Pretest 2 of the German National Cohort. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e007461. [PMID: 26297358 PMCID: PMC4550716 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this pilot study within the Pretest 2 phase of the German National Cohort, we aimed to (1) test the hypothesis that distance and duration of travel to a study centre may affect participation rates and participants' satisfaction and (2) to obtain data that would help to select recruitment areas around the study centre Hannover with the greatest projected participation rate for the main study. SETTING Mixed urban/suburban environment in Northern Germany with approximately 600,000 inhabitants. 4 recruitment areas with divergent estimated mean distances (range, 7-40 km) and duration of travel to the study centre Hannover were selected. PARTICIPANTS 1050 men and women (ratio, 1:1), aged 20-69 years, were randomly selected from the population registries of the 4 recruitment areas and invited by mail to participate in the Pretest 2 study programme at the study centre Hannover, covering a variety of questionnaire-based and physical assessments. 166 individuals participated (16%). INTERVENTIONS All 166 participants completed a travel questionnaire containing 5 items relating to travel duration and satisfaction, amounting to a participation rate of 100% in the questionnaire-based part of the study. RESULTS Participation rates in the Pretest 2 programme at the study centre Hannover by area ranged from 11% (area farthest from the study centre, estimated median distance 38 km) to 18% (nearest area, 2 km). The odds of non-participation were highest in the area farthest from the study centre (adjusted OR 2.06; p=0.01; CI 1.28 to 3.32). Nonetheless, 97% of participants were satisfied with travel duration. CONCLUSIONS Increasing distance was associated with a lower participation rate. However, acceptance of duration of travel was high, irrespective of distance or duration. Thus, recruiting in farther away locations may select individuals with a greater frustration tolerance for travel to the study centre, perhaps due to a greater interest in participating in health-oriented studies and thus different health-related behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Schweitzer
- Department of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Manas K Akmatov
- Department of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florentina Kindler
- Department of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Yvonne Kemmling
- Department of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Lothar Kreienbrock
- Institute for Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gérard Krause
- Department of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Pessler
- Department of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
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11
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Ogbogu U, Toews M, Ollenberger A, Borry P, Nobile H, Bergmann M, Caulfield T. Newspaper coverage of biobanks. PeerJ 2014; 2:e500. [PMID: 25101229 PMCID: PMC4121587 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Biobanks are an important research resource that provides researchers with biological samples, tools and data, but have also been associated with a range of ethical, legal and policy issues and concerns. Although there have been studies examining the views of different stakeholders, such as donors, researchers and the general public, the media portrayal of biobanks has been absent from this body of research. This study therefore examines how biobanking has been represented in major print newspapers from Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States to identify the issues and concerns surrounding biobanks that have featured most prominently in the print media discourse. Methods. Using Factiva, articles published in major broadsheet newspapers in Canada, the US, the UK, and Australia were identified using specified search terms. The final sample size consisted of 163 articles. Results. Majority of articles mentioned or discussed the benefits of biobanking, with medical research being the most prevalent benefit mentioned. Fewer articles discussed risks associated with biobanking. Researchers were the group of people most quoted in the articles, followed by biobank employees. Biobanking was portrayed as mostly neutral or positive, with few articles portraying biobanking in a negative manner. Conclusion. Reporting on biobanks in the print media heavily favours discussions of related benefits over risks. Members of the scientific research community appear to be a primary source of this positive tone. Under-reporting of risks and a downtrend in reporting on legal and regulatory issues suggests that the print media views such matters as less newsworthy than perceived benefits of biobanking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaka Ogbogu
- Faculties of Law and Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada ; Health Law Institute, Faculty of Law, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - Maeghan Toews
- Health Law Institute, Faculty of Law, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - Adam Ollenberger
- Health Law Institute, Faculty of Law, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - Pascal Borry
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Helene Nobile
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium ; Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition , Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal , Germany
| | - Manuela Bergmann
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition , Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal , Germany
| | - Timothy Caulfield
- Health Law Institute, Faculty of Law, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada ; Faculty of Law and School of Public Health, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
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Boulanger K, Campo S. Are personal characteristics of massage therapists associated with their clinical, educational, and interpersonal behaviors? Int J Ther Massage Bodywork 2013; 6:25-34. [PMID: 24000306 PMCID: PMC3757230 DOI: 10.3822/ijtmb.v6i3.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social Cognitive Theory suggests that characteristics of health professionals, such as their beliefs in the effectiveness of their care, influence their behavior. Studying the characteristics of massage therapists may, therefore, provide insight into their clinical, educational and interpersonal behavior, which ultimately affects their client interactions. Purpose To examine the association of three personal factors (outcome expectations, expectancies, and practice experience) of the massage therapist and the practice environment with the frequency of three interventional behaviors (clinical, educational, and interpersonal) using Social Cognitive Theory as a theoretical framework. Methods A random sample of licensed massage therapists in Iowa completed a mailed questionnaire. Questions included training in massage, use of specific massage techniques and practices, 11 outcome expectations, and 17 different behaviors with their respective expectancies for contributing to favorable client outcomes. Factor analyses were conducted on the behavior and expectancy items. Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship of massage therapist characteristics to the different categories of behavior. Results The response rate was 40% (N = 151). The most common techniques employed were Swedish massage, trigger point therapy, and stretching. The most common practices recommended to clients were encouraging water intake, heat application, stretching, stress management, and exercise counseling. Expectancies was the only Social Cognitive Theory variable that significantly predicted the frequency of every category of behavior (clinical, interpersonal, education; all ps < .01). Outcome expectations predicted clinical (p = .03) and educational (p < .01), but not interpersonal behavior. No other associations reached statistical significance. Conclusions Massage therapists’ belief in massage to enact a favorable change in a client is strongly associated with their clinical, educational, and interpersonal behavior. Massage therapists were optimistic regarding the ability of massage to provide a favorable outcome, especially if the desired outcome was supported by research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Boulanger
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Nobile H, Vermeulen E, Thys K, Bergmann MM, Borry P. Why do participants enroll in population biobank studies? A systematic literature review. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2013; 13:35-47. [PMID: 23256702 DOI: 10.1586/erm.12.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic misconception has been extensively studied and addressed within clinical trials. An equivalent in the genetic research context has been identified as diagnostic misconception. There is not much data on this phenomenon in population-based biobank studies. Since misconceptions may generate undue motives to enroll, the authors aimed at reviewing studies addressing the reasons to participate in biobank studies. The main databases were searched using relevant keywords. Studies were included if peer-reviewed, in English and describing the reasons to enroll was provided by actual and apparently healthy donors. Although the 13 studies retrieved were heterogeneous, a scheme summarizing the main aspects involved in the decision-making process was developed. Expectation of personal benefit through health-related information was found in eight studies. Three of them discussed whether this expectation could be considered a form of therapeutic misconception. The magnitude of this phenomenon is an important ethical concern and ought to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Nobile
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany.
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Kalay L, Fujimori S, Suzuki H, Minamoto K, Ueda K, Wei CN, Tomoda A, Harada K, Ueda A. Description of environmental determinants of quality of life in children with intellectual disability in Japan using the Delphi technique. Environ Health Prev Med 2009; 15:73-83. [PMID: 19806431 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-009-0109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to define the framework of an environment conducive to the well-being of children with intellectually disability (CID). METHODS A questionnaire composed of 31 items was developed through literature review. Then a 2-round Delphi survey was conducted with 3 different panels: health professionals (HPs), parents of CID, and teachers. The participants were asked to rate each item, select and rank the 10 most important items, and suggest additional ones. RESULTS A total of 71 participants responded to the first round: 24 HPs, 22 parents, and 25 teachers. In the second round the overall response rate was 83%. At the end of the exercise, 12 items reached global consensus, i.e., in all groups. Only 5 items were ranked as most important by all groups: attitudes of family members at home; attitudes of HPs and teachers; support from family members at home; support at school (classmates and teachers); and government policies. Nevertheless, the panelists' views diverged on the remaining items. Several additional elements were suggested. CONCLUSIONS The views of HPs, teachers, and parents are complementary for the improvement of quality of life (QOL) of CID. The present findings will be used as a basis for the development of an instrument to assess the living environment of CID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyinga Kalay
- Department of Preventive and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan,
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