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Ma W, Tang W, Kwok JS, Tong AH, Lo CW, Chu AT, Chung BH. A review on trends in development and translation of omics signatures in cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:954-971. [PMID: 38385061 PMCID: PMC10879706 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of cancer genomics and transcriptomics has evolved from targeted profiling to swift sequencing of individual tumor genome and transcriptome. The steady growth in genome, epigenome, and transcriptome datasets on a genome-wide scale has significantly increased our capability in capturing signatures that represent both the intrinsic and extrinsic biological features of tumors. These biological differences can help in precise molecular subtyping of cancer, predicting tumor progression, metastatic potential, and resistance to therapeutic agents. In this review, we summarized the current development of genomic, methylomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic signatures in the field of cancer research and highlighted their potentials in clinical applications to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decision in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenshu Tang
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Brian H.Y. Chung
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Kong Genome Project
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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2
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Frey C, Arad M, Ku K, Hare R, Balagtas R, Shi Y, Moon KM, Foster LJ, Ghafourifar G. Development of automated proteomic workflows utilizing silicon-based coupling agents. J Proteomics 2024; 303:105215. [PMID: 38843981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Automated methods for enzyme immobilization via 4-triethoxysilylbutyraldehyde (TESB) derived silicone-based coupling agents were developed. TESB and its oxidized derivative, 4-triethoxysilylbutanoic acid (TESBA), were determined to be the most effective. The resulting immobilized enzyme particles (IEPs) displayed robustness, rapid digestion, and immobilization efficiency of 51 ± 8%. Furthermore, we automated the IEP procedure, allowing for multiple enzymes, and/or coupling agents to be fabricated at once, in a fraction of the time via an Agilent Bravo. The automated trypsin TESB and TESBA IEPs were shown to rival a classical in-gel digestion method. Moreover, pepsin IEPs favored cleavage at leucine (>50%) over aromatic and methionine residues. The IEP method was then adapted for an in-situ immobilized enzyme microreactor (IMER) fabrication. We determined that TESBA could functionalize the silica capillary's inner wall while simultaneously acting as an enzyme coupler. The IMER digestion of bovine serum albumin (BSA), mirroring IEP digestion conditions, yielded a 33-40% primary sequence coverage per LC-MS/MS analysis in as little as 15 min. Overall, our findings underscore the potential of both IEP and IMER methods, paving the way for automated analysis and a reduction in enzyme waste through reuse, thereby contributing to a more cost-effective and timely study of the proteome. SIGNIFICANCE: This research introduces 4-triethoxysilylbutyraldehyde (TESB) and its derivatives as silicon-based enzyme coupling agents and an automated liquid handling method for bottom-up proteomics (BUP) while streamlining sample preparation for high-throughput processing. Additionally, immobilized enzyme particle (IEP) fabrication and digestion within the 96-well plate allows for flexibility in protocol where different enzyme-coupler combinations can be employed simultaneously. By enabling the digestion of entire microplates and reducing manual labor, the proposed method enhances reproducibility and offers a more efficient alternative to classical in-gel techniques. Furthermore, pepsin IEPs were noted to favor cleavage at leucine residues which represents an interesting finding when compared to the literature that warrants further study. The capability of immobilized enzyme microreactors (IMER) for rapid digestion (in as little as 15 min) demonstrated the system's efficiency and potential for rapid proteomic analysis. This advancement in BUP not only improves efficiency, but also opens avenues for a fully automated, mass spectrometry-integrated proteomics workflow, promising to expedite research and discoveries in complex biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Frey
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Road, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Maor Arad
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Road, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada.
| | - Kenneth Ku
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Road, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada
| | - Rhien Hare
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Road, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Ronald Balagtas
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Road, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada.
| | - Yuming Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada.
| | - Kyung-Mee Moon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada.
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada.
| | - Golfam Ghafourifar
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Road, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada.
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3
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Öfverholm I, Wallander K, Haglund C, Chellappa V, Wejde J, Gellerbring A, Wirta V, Renevey A, Caceres E, Tsagkozis P, Mayrhofer M, Papakonstantinou A, Linder-Stragliotto C, Bränström R, Larsson O, Lindberg J, Lin Y, Haglund de Flon F. Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Alters Clinical Diagnoses in a Significant Fraction of Tumors Suspicious of Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:2647-2658. [PMID: 38573684 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-24-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor classification is a key component in personalized cancer care. For soft-tissue and bone tumors, this classification is currently based primarily on morphology assessment and IHC staining. However, these standard-of-care methods can pose challenges for pathologists. We therefore assessed how whole-genome and whole-transcriptome sequencing (WGTS) impacted tumor classification and clinical management when interpreted together with histomorphology. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We prospectively evaluated WGTS in routine diagnostics of 200 soft-tissue and bone tumors suspicious for malignancy, including DNA and RNA isolation from the tumor, and DNA isolation from a peripheral blood sample or any non-tumor tissue. RESULTS On the basis of specific genomic alterations or absence of presumed findings, WGTS resulted in reclassification of 7% (13/197) of the histopathologic diagnoses. Four cases were downgraded from low-grade sarcomas to benign lesions, and two cases were reclassified as metastatic malignant melanomas. Fusion genes associated with specific tumor entities were found in 30 samples. For malignant soft-tissue and bone tumors, we identified treatment relevant variants in 15% of cases. Germline pathogenic variants associated with a hereditary cancer syndrome were found in 22 participants (11%). CONCLUSIONS WGTS provides an important dimension of data that aids in the classification of soft-tissue and bone tumors, correcting a significant fraction of clinical diagnoses, and identifies molecular targets relevant for precision medicine. However, genetic findings need to be evaluated in their morphopathologic context, just as germline findings need to be evaluated in the context of patient phenotype and family history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingegerd Öfverholm
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Wallander
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Haglund
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Venkatesh Chellappa
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Wejde
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Gellerbring
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valtteri Wirta
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genomic Medicine Center Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annick Renevey
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Caceres
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genomic Medicine Center Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Panagiotis Tsagkozis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Mayrhofer
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andri Papakonstantinou
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Breast Cancer, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Robert Bränström
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Breast Cancer, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Lindberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yingbo Lin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Haglund de Flon
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Wang Z, Liu C, Zheng S, Yao Y, Wang S, Wang X, Yin E, Zeng Q, Zhang C, Zhang G, Tang W, Zheng B, Xue L, Wang Z, Feng X, Wang Y, Ying J, Xue Q, Sun N, He J. Molecular subtypes of neuroendocrine carcinomas: A cross-tissue classification framework based on five transcriptional regulators. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:1106-1125.e8. [PMID: 38788718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are extremely lethal malignancies that can arise at almost any anatomic site. Characterization of NECs is hindered by their rarity and significant inter- and intra-tissue heterogeneity. Herein, through an integrative analysis of over 1,000 NECs originating from 31 various tissues, we reveal their tissue-independent convergence and further unveil molecular divergence driven by distinct transcriptional regulators. Pan-tissue NECs are therefore categorized into five intrinsic subtypes defined by ASCL1, NEUROD1, HNF4A, POU2F3, and YAP1. A comprehensive portrait of these subtypes is depicted, highlighting subtype-specific transcriptional programs, genomic alterations, evolution trajectories, therapeutic vulnerabilities, and clinicopathological presentations. Notably, the newly discovered HNF4A-dominated subtype-H exhibits a gastrointestinal-like signature, wild-type RB1, unique neuroendocrine differentiation, poor chemotherapeutic response, and prevalent large-cell morphology. The proposal of uniform classification paradigm illuminates transcriptional basis of NEC heterogeneity and bridges the gap across different lineages and cytomorphological variants, in which context-dependent prevalence of subtypes underlies their phenotypic disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Chengming Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Sufei Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; Office for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Quality Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Sihui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, P.R. China
| | - Xinfeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Enzhi Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Qingpeng Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Chaoqi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Guochao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Liyan Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.
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5
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Ito M, Okumura Y, Nio K, Baba E, Ozaki Y, Nishio H, Ichihara E, Miura Y, Endo M, Yano S, Maruyama D, Yoshinami T, Susumu N, Takekuma M, Motohashi T, Ochi N, Kubo T, Uchino K, Kimura T, Kamiyama Y, Nakao S, Tamura S, Nishimoto H, Kato Y, Sato A, Takano T, Tsuchihashi K. Effectiveness of G-CSF in chemotherapy for digestive system tumors: a systematic review of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Use of G-CSF 2022 delineated by the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology. Int J Clin Oncol 2024; 29:689-699. [PMID: 38578596 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-024-02502-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) reportedly reduces the risk of neutropenia and subsequent infections caused by cancer chemotherapy. Although several guidelines recommend using G-CSF in primary prophylaxis according to the incidence rate of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN), the effectiveness of G-CSF in digestive system tumor chemotherapy remains unclear. To address these clinical questions, we conducted a systematic review as part of revising the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Use of G-CSF 2022 published by the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology. METHODS This systematic review addressed two main clinical questions (CQ): CQ1: "Is primary prophylaxis with G-CSF effective in chemotherapy?", and CQ2: "Is increasing the intensity of chemotherapy with G-CSF effective?" We reviewed different types of digestive system tumors, including esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, biliary tract, colorectal, and neuroendocrine carcinomas. PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Ichushi-Web databases were searched for information sources. Independent systematic reviewers conducted two rounds of screening and selected relevant records for each CQ. Finally, the working group members synthesized the strength of evidence and recommendations. RESULTS After two rounds of screening, 5/0/3/0/2/0 records were extracted for CQ1 of esophageal/gastric/pancreatic/biliary tract/colorectal/ and neuroendocrine carcinoma, respectively. Additionally, a total of 2/6/1 records were extracted for CQ2 of esophageal/pancreatic/colorectal cancer, respectively. The strength of evidence and recommendations were evaluated for CQ1 of colorectal cancer; however, we could not synthesize recommendations for other CQs owing to the lack of records. CONCLUSION The use of G-CSF for primary prophylaxis in chemotherapy for colorectal cancer is inappropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Ito
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuta Okumura
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Medical Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenta Nio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eishi Baba
- Department of Oncology and Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukinori Ozaki
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiki Ichihara
- Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuji Miura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Endo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shingo Yano
- Division of Clinical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dai Maruyama
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Yoshinami
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Susumu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Motohashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Ochi
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshio Kubo
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keita Uchino
- Department of Medical Oncology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kimura
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kamiyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology/Hematology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakao
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tamura
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hitomi Nishimoto
- Department of Nursing, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Kato
- Department of Drug Information, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Toshimi Takano
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsuchihashi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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6
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Coope RJ, Pleasance S, Pandoh P, Schlosser C, Corbett RD, Marra MA. Rapid microdissection of tissue sections via laser ablation. J Clin Pathol 2024; 77:430-434. [PMID: 38429092 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-209361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method for tissue microdissection using scanning laser ablation that is approximately two orders of magnitude faster than conventional laser capture microdissection. Our novel approach uses scanning laser optics and a slide coating under the tissue that can be excited by the laser to selectively eject regions of tissue for further processing. Tissue was dissected at 0.117 s/mm2 without reduction in yield, sequencing insert size or base quality compared with undissected tissue. From eight cases, 58-416 mm2 of tissue was obtained from one to four slides in 7-48 seconds total dissection time per case. These samples underwent exome sequencing and we found the variant allelic fraction increased in regions enriched for tumour as expected. This suggests that our ablation technique may be useful as a tool in both clinical and research labs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Jn Coope
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Pleasance
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pawan Pandoh
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Colin Schlosser
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard D Corbett
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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7
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Deyell RJ, Shen Y, Titmuss E, Dixon K, Williamson LM, Pleasance E, Nelson JMT, Abbasi S, Krzywinski M, Armstrong L, Bonakdar M, Ch'ng C, Chuah E, Dunham C, Fok A, Jones M, Lee AF, Ma Y, Moore RA, Mungall AJ, Mungall KL, Rogers PC, Schrader KA, Virani A, Wee K, Young SS, Zhao Y, Jones SJM, Laskin J, Marra MA, Rassekh SR. Whole genome and transcriptome integrated analyses guide clinical care of pediatric poor prognosis cancers. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4165. [PMID: 38755180 PMCID: PMC11099106 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48363-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The role for routine whole genome and transcriptome analysis (WGTA) for poor prognosis pediatric cancers remains undetermined. Here, we characterize somatic mutations, structural rearrangements, copy number variants, gene expression, immuno-profiles and germline cancer predisposition variants in children and adolescents with relapsed, refractory or poor prognosis malignancies who underwent somatic WGTA and matched germline sequencing. Seventy-nine participants with a median age at enrollment of 8.8 y (range 6 months to 21.2 y) are included. Germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants are identified in 12% of participants, of which 60% were not known prior. Therapeutically actionable variants are identified by targeted gene report and whole genome in 32% and 62% of participants, respectively, and increase to 96% after integrating transcriptome analyses. Thirty-two molecularly informed therapies are pursued in 28 participants with 54% achieving a clinical benefit rate; objective response or stable disease ≥6 months. Integrated WGTA identifies therapeutically actionable variants in almost all tumors and are directly translatable to clinical care of children with poor prognosis cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Deyell
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emma Titmuss
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Katherine Dixon
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Laura M Williamson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Erin Pleasance
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jessica M T Nelson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sanna Abbasi
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin Krzywinski
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Linlea Armstrong
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Melika Bonakdar
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Carolyn Ch'ng
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eric Chuah
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chris Dunham
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexandra Fok
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anna F Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yussanne Ma
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Richard A Moore
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew J Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen L Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul C Rogers
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kasmintan A Schrader
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alice Virani
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kathleen Wee
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sean S Young
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Cancer Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yongjun Zhao
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Janessa Laskin
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shahrad R Rassekh
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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8
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Bai W, Ren JS, Li KR, Jiang Q. An integrated analysis revealing the angiogenic function of TP53I11 in tumor microenvironment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29504. [PMID: 38655349 PMCID: PMC11036061 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite growing evidence suggesting an important contribution of Tumor Protein P53 Inducible Protein 11 (TP53I11) in cancer progression, the role of TP53I11 remains unclear. Our first pan-cancer analysis of TP53I11 showed some tumor tissues displayed reduced TP53I11 expression compared to normal tissues, while others exhibited high TP53I11 expression. Meanwhile, TP53I11 expression carries a particular pan-cancer risk, as high TP53I11 expression levels are detrimental to survival for BRCA, KIRP, MESO, and UVM, but to beneficial survival for KIRC. We demonstrated that TP53I11 expression negatively correlates with DNA methylation in most cancers, and the S14 residue of TP53I11 is phosphorylated in several cancer types. Additionally, TP53I11 was found to be associated with endothelial cells in pan-cancer, and functional enrichment analysis provided strong evidence for its role in tumor angiogenesis. In vitro angiogenesis assays confirmed that TP53I11 can promote angiogenic function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. Mechanistic investigations reveal that TP53I11 is transcriptionally up-regulated by HIF2A under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Bai
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Song Ren
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke-ran Li
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Goodwin RJA, Platz SJ, Reis-Filho JS, Barry ST. Accelerating Drug Development Using Spatial Multi-omics. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:620-624. [PMID: 38571424 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
SUMMARY Spatial biology approaches enabled by innovations in imaging biomarker platforms and artificial intelligence-enabled data integration and analysis provide an assessment of patient and disease heterogeneity at ever-increasing resolution. The utility of spatial biology data in accelerating drug programs, however, requires balancing exploratory discovery investigations against scalable and clinically applicable spatial biomarker analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J A Goodwin
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan J Platz
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Cancer Biomarker Development, Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience, Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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10
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Bylicky MA, Shankavaram U, Aryankalayil MJ, Chopra S, Naz S, Sowers AL, Choudhuri R, Calvert V, Petricoin EF, Eke I, Mitchell JB, Coleman CN. Multiomic-Based Molecular Landscape of FaDu Xenograft Tumors in Mice after a Combinatorial Treatment with Radiation and an HSP90 Inhibitor Identifies Adaptation-Induced Targets of Resistance and Therapeutic Intervention. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:577-588. [PMID: 38359816 PMCID: PMC10985469 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Treatments involving radiation and chemotherapy alone or in combination have improved patient survival and quality of life. However, cancers frequently evade these therapies due to adaptation and tumor evolution. Given the complexity of predicting response based solely on the initial genetic profile of a patient, a predetermined treatment course may miss critical adaptation that can cause resistance or induce new targets for drug and immunotherapy. To address the timescale for these evasive mechanisms, using a mouse xenograft tumor model, we investigated the rapidity of gene expression (mRNA), molecular pathway, and phosphoproteome changes after radiation, an HSP90 inhibitor, or combination. Animals received radiation, drug, or combination treatment for 1 or 2 weeks and were then euthanized along with a time-matched untreated group for comparison. Changes in gene expression occur as early as 1 week after treatment initiation. Apoptosis and cell death pathways were activated in irradiated tumor samples. For the HSP90 inhibitor and combination treatment at weeks 1 and 2 compared with Control Day 1, gene-expression changes induced inhibition of pathways including invasion of cells, vasculogenesis, and viral infection among others. The combination group included both drug-alone and radiation-alone changes. Our data demonstrate the rapidity of gene expression and functional pathway changes in the evolving tumor as it responds to treatment. Discovering these phenotypic adaptations may help elucidate the challenges in using sustained treatment regimens and could also define evolving targets for therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A. Bylicky
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Uma Shankavaram
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Molykutty J. Aryankalayil
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sunita Chopra
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sarwat Naz
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anastasia L. Sowers
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rajani Choudhuri
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Valerie Calvert
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
| | - Emanuel F. Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
| | - Iris Eke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California
| | - James B. Mitchell
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - C. Norman Coleman
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
- Radiation Research Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
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11
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Dufresne A, Attignon V, Ferrari A, Tonon L, Boyault S, Tabone‐Eglinger S, Cassier P, Trédan O, Corradini N, Vinceneux A, Swalduz A, Viari A, Chabaud S, Pérol D, Blay JY, Saintigny P. Added value of whole-exome and RNA sequencing in advanced and refractory cancer patients with no molecular-based treatment recommendation based on a 90-gene panel. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7115. [PMID: 38553950 PMCID: PMC10980928 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective was to determine the added value of comprehensive molecular profile by whole-exome and RNA sequencing (WES/RNA-Seq) in advanced and refractory cancer patients who had no molecular-based treatment recommendation (MBTR) based on a more limited targeted gene panel (TGP) plus array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective analysis, we selected 50 patients previously included in the PROFILER trial (NCT01774409) for which no MBT could be recommended based on a targeted 90-gene panel and aCGH. For each patient, the frozen tumor sample mirroring the FFPE sample used for TGP/aCGH analysis were processed for WES and RNA-Seq. Data from TGP/aCGH were reanalyzed, and together with WES/RNA-Seq, findings were simultaneously discussed at a new molecular tumor board (MTB). RESULTS After exclusion of variants of unknown significance, a total of 167 somatic molecular alterations were identified in 50 patients (median: 3 [1-10]). Out of these 167 relevant molecular alterations, 51 (31%) were common to both TGP/aCGH and WES/RNA-Seq, 19 (11%) were identified by the TGP/aCGH only and 97 (58%) were identified by WES/RNA-Seq only, including two fusion transcripts in two patients. A MBTR was provided in 4/50 (8%) patients using the information from TGP/aCGH versus 9/50 (18%) patients using WES/RNA-Seq findings. Three patients had similar recommendations based on TGP/aCGH and WES/RNA-Seq. CONCLUSIONS In advanced and refractory cancer patients in whom no MBTR was recommended from TGP/aCGH, WES/RNA-Seq allowed to identify more alterations which may in turn, in a limited fraction of patients, lead to new MBTR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony Ferrari
- Platform of Bioinformatics Gilles‐ThomasCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | - Laurie Tonon
- Platform of Bioinformatics Gilles‐ThomasCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | | | | | | | - Olivier Trédan
- Department of Medical OncologyCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | - Nadège Corradini
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institute of Pediatric Hematology and OncologyCentre Leon BérardLyonFrance
| | | | | | - Alain Viari
- Platform of Bioinformatics Gilles‐ThomasCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | - Sylvie Chabaud
- Department of Clinical ResearchCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | - David Pérol
- Department of Clinical ResearchCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | - Jean Yves Blay
- Department of Medical OncologyCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
- Univ Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon BérardCancer Research Center of LyonLyonFrance
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Department of Medical OncologyCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
- Univ Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon BérardCancer Research Center of LyonLyonFrance
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12
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Duan XP, Qin BD, Jiao XD, Liu K, Wang Z, Zang YS. New clinical trial design in precision medicine: discovery, development and direction. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:57. [PMID: 38438349 PMCID: PMC10912713 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the era of precision medicine, it has been increasingly recognized that individuals with a certain disease are complex and different from each other. Due to the underestimation of the significant heterogeneity across participants in traditional "one-size-fits-all" trials, patient-centered trials that could provide optimal therapy customization to individuals with specific biomarkers were developed including the basket, umbrella, and platform trial designs under the master protocol framework. In recent years, the successive FDA approval of indications based on biomarker-guided master protocol designs has demonstrated that these new clinical trials are ushering in tremendous opportunities. Despite the rapid increase in the number of basket, umbrella, and platform trials, the current clinical and research understanding of these new trial designs, as compared with traditional trial designs, remains limited. The majority of the research focuses on methodologies, and there is a lack of in-depth insight concerning the underlying biological logic of these new clinical trial designs. Therefore, we provide this comprehensive review of the discovery and development of basket, umbrella, and platform trials and their underlying logic from the perspective of precision medicine. Meanwhile, we discuss future directions on the potential development of these new clinical design in view of the "Precision Pro", "Dynamic Precision", and "Intelligent Precision". This review would assist trial-related researchers to enhance the innovation and feasibility of clinical trial designs by expounding the underlying logic, which be essential to accelerate the progression of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Duan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao-Dong Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Su X, Jin K, Guo Q, Xu Z, Liu Z, Zeng H, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Xu L, Wang Z, Chang Y, Xu J. Integrative score based on CDK6, PD-L1 and TMB predicts response to platinum-based chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:852-860. [PMID: 38212482 PMCID: PMC10912081 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) was proved to be an important regulator in the progression of cell cycle and has been a promising therapeutic target in cancer treatment. However, the clinical significance of CDK6 in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains obscure. Herein, we attempt to explore the clinical relevance of CDK6 and assess the feasibility of the integrative model to predict immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response. METHODS This study enrolled 933 patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) from Zhongshan Hospital (ZSHS), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chemo, IMvigor210 and UC-GENOME cohorts. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess clinical outcomes based on CDK6 expression. RESULTS High CDK6 expression conferred poor prognosis and superior response to platinum-based chemotherapy but inferior response to ICB in MIBC. Furthermore, the integrative model named response score based on CDK6, PD-L1 and TMB could better predict the response to ICB and chemotherapy. Patients with higher response scores were characterised by inflamed immune microenvironment and genomic instability. CONCLUSIONS CDK6 expression was correlated with prognosis and therapy response in MIBC. Integration of CDK6, PD-L1 and TMB could better identify patients who were most likely to benefit from ICB and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Su
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaifeng Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiji Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyue Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaopei Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Xu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zewei Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuan Chang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiejie Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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14
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O'Rourke CJ, Salati M, Rae C, Carpino G, Leslie H, Pea A, Prete MG, Bonetti LR, Amato F, Montal R, Upstill-Goddard R, Nixon C, Sanchon-Sanchez P, Kunderfranco P, Sia D, Gaudio E, Overi D, Cascinu S, Hogdall D, Pugh S, Domingo E, Primrose JN, Bridgewater J, Spallanzani A, Gelsomino F, Llovet JM, Calvisi DF, Boulter L, Caputo F, Lleo A, Jamieson NB, Luppi G, Dominici M, Andersen JB, Braconi C. Molecular portraits of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who diverge as rapid progressors or long survivors on chemotherapy. Gut 2024; 73:496-508. [PMID: 37758326 PMCID: PMC10894814 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cytotoxic agents are the cornerstone of treatment for patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), despite heterogeneous benefit. We hypothesised that the pretreatment molecular profiles of diagnostic biopsies can predict patient benefit from chemotherapy and define molecular bases of innate chemoresistance. DESIGN We identified a cohort of advanced iCCA patients with comparable baseline characteristics who diverged as extreme outliers on chemotherapy (survival <6 m in rapid progressors, RP; survival >23 m in long survivors, LS). Diagnostic biopsies were characterised by digital pathology, then subjected to whole-transcriptome profiling of bulk and geospatially macrodissected tissue regions. Spatial transcriptomics of tumour-infiltrating myeloid cells was performed using targeted digital spatial profiling (GeoMx). Transcriptome signatures were evaluated in multiple cohorts of resected cancers. Signatures were also characterised using in vitro cell lines, in vivo mouse models and single cell RNA-sequencing data. RESULTS Pretreatment transcriptome profiles differentiated patients who would become RPs or LSs on chemotherapy. Biologically, this signature originated from altered tumour-myeloid dynamics, implicating tumour-induced immune tolerogenicity with poor response to chemotherapy. The central role of the liver microenviroment was confrmed by the association of the RPLS transcriptome signature with clinical outcome in iCCA but not extrahepatic CCA, and in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer, but not in the matched primary bowel tumours. CONCLUSIONS The RPLS signature could be a novel metric of chemotherapy outcome in iCCA. Further development and validation of this transcriptomic signature is warranted to develop precision chemotherapy strategies in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm J O'Rourke
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Massimiliano Salati
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Colin Rae
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Holly Leslie
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Antonio Pea
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Maria G Prete
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Luca R Bonetti
- Division of Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Amato
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robert Montal
- Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Cancer Research Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Daniela Sia
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, BCLC Group, Liver Unit and Pathology Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Diletta Overi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Dan Hogdall
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sian Pugh
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Enric Domingo
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Andrea Spallanzani
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Gelsomino
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg Faculty of Medicine, Regensburg, Germany
- Medical, Surgical, and Clinical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC HGU, The University of Edinburgh MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- CRUK Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow-Edinburgh, UK
| | - Francesco Caputo
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Ana Lleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nigel B Jamieson
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- CRUK Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow-Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gabriele Luppi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chiara Braconi
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- CRUK Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow-Edinburgh, UK
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
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15
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Asleh K, Ouellette RJ. Tumor Copy Number Alteration Burden as a Predictor for Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade across Different Cancer Types. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:732. [PMID: 38398121 PMCID: PMC10886982 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) benefits only a subset of advanced cancer patients, and predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy response are needed. Recently, copy number alteration (CNA) burden has been proposed to predict ICB resistance. We assessed this finding using the publicly accessible data for 1661 ICB-treated patients whose tumors were profiled by MSK-IMPACT, an approved targeted assay in clinical care. We tested the hypothesis that the continuous increase in CNA burden is associated with poor overall survival following ICB. In addition, we hypothesized that the combinatorial biomarkers of tumor mutational burden (TMB) and CNA burden would better stratify patients for immune status and ICB response. Of the 1661 cases, 79% (n = 1307) were treated with anti PD-1/PD-L1 and the remaining 21% (n = 354) with anti CTLA-4 or the combination of both. In a multivariate analysis, increase in CNA burden was associated with poor overall survival [HR = 1.52, 95% CI (1.01-2.30), p = 0.04]. The combination of biomarkers TMB and CNA burden stratified patients into four clinically distinct subsets among which "LowTMB/HighCNA" showed the worst survival (p < 0.0001). The four patient subsets had unique CNA profiles and enriched pathways, which could predict transcriptional and phenotypic effects related to immune signaling and CD8+ T-cell abundance in the tumor microenvironment. CNA burden was associated with poor overall survival in patients receiving ICB and could improve patient stratification when incorporated with TMB. These findings may guide patient selection for immunotherapy or alternative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karama Asleh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Halifax, NS B3H 1V8, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS B3H 0A2, Canada;
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB E1C 8X3, Canada
| | - Rodney J. Ouellette
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS B3H 0A2, Canada;
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB E1C 8X3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
- Dr. Georges L. Dumont University Hospital, Vitalité Health Network, Moncton, NB E1C 2Z3, Canada
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16
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Luu VP, Fiorini M, Combes S, Quemeneur E, Bonneville M, Bousquet PJ. Challenges of artificial intelligence in precision oncology: public-private partnerships including national health agencies as an asset to make it happen. Ann Oncol 2024; 35:154-158. [PMID: 37769849 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.09.3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V P Luu
- Epidemiology and innovation Unit, Artificial Intelligence and Cancers Association, Paris, France.
| | - M Fiorini
- Artificial Intelligence and Cancers Association, Paris, France
| | | | - E Quemeneur
- France Biotech, Paris, France; Transgene S.A., Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - M Bonneville
- Alliance pour la Recherche et l'Innovation des Industries de Santé, Paris, France; Institut Mérieux, Lyon, France
| | - P J Bousquet
- Health Survey, Data-Science, Assessment Division, Institut National du Cancer, Boulogne Billancourt, France; Aix Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, Economics and Social Sciences Applied to Health & Analysis of Medical Information (SESSTIM), Marseille, France
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17
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Bagger FO, Borgwardt L, Jespersen AS, Hansen AR, Bertelsen B, Kodama M, Nielsen FC. Whole genome sequencing in clinical practice. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:39. [PMID: 38287327 PMCID: PMC10823711 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01795-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is becoming the preferred method for molecular genetic diagnosis of rare and unknown diseases and for identification of actionable cancer drivers. Compared to other molecular genetic methods, WGS captures most genomic variation and eliminates the need for sequential genetic testing. Whereas, the laboratory requirements are similar to conventional molecular genetics, the amount of data is large and WGS requires a comprehensive computational and storage infrastructure in order to facilitate data processing within a clinically relevant timeframe. The output of a single WGS analyses is roughly 5 MIO variants and data interpretation involves specialized staff collaborating with the clinical specialists in order to provide standard of care reports. Although the field is continuously refining the standards for variant classification, there are still unresolved issues associated with the clinical application. The review provides an overview of WGS in clinical practice - describing the technology and current applications as well as challenges connected with data processing, interpretation and clinical reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Otzen Bagger
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Borgwardt
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Sand Jespersen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Reimer Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Bertelsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miyako Kodama
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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18
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Duffy MJ. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a biomarker for lung cancer: Early detection, monitoring and therapy prediction. Tumour Biol 2024; 46:S283-S295. [PMID: 37270828 DOI: 10.3233/tub-220044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), i.e., DNA shed from tumor cells into the bloodstream, is emerging as one of the most useful plasma biomarkers in patients with multiple types of cancer, including patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Indeed, NSCLC was the first malignancy in which measurement of ctDNA was approved for clinical use, i.e., mutational testing of EGFR for predicting response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced disease. Although historically the gold standard method for EGFR mutational analysis required tumor tissue, the use of ctDNA is more convenient and safer for patients, results in a faster turn-around-time for return of results, provides a more complete representation of genetic alteration in heterogeneous tumors and is less costly to perform. Emerging uses of ctDNA in patients with lung or suspected lung cancer include screening for early disease, surveillance following initial treatment and monitoring response to therapy in metastatic disease. For evaluating therapy response, ctDNA appears to be especially useful in patients receiving targeted therapies against driver oncogenes or immunotherapy. Further work should not only validate these emerging findings but also aim to optimize and standardize ctDNA assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Duffy
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin and UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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19
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Koskela H, Li Y, Joutsiniemi T, Muranen T, Isoviita VM, Huhtinen K, Micoli G, Lavikka K, Marchi G, Hietanen S, Virtanen A, Hautaniemi S, Oikkonen J, Hynninen J. HRD related signature 3 predicts clinical outcome in advanced tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 180:91-98. [PMID: 38061276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated usability of single base substitution signature 3 (Sig3) as a biomarker for homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective observational trial includes 165 patients with advanced HGSC. Fresh tissue samples (n = 456) from multiple intra-abdominal areas at diagnosis and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) were collected for whole-genome sequencing. Sig3 was assessed by fitting samples independently with COSMIC v3.2 reference signatures. An HR scar assay was applied for comparison. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were studied using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Sig3 has a bimodal distribution, eliminating the need for an arbitrary cutoff typical in HR scar tests. Sig3 could be assessed from samples with low (10%) cancer cell proportion and was consistent between multiple samples and stable during NACT. At diagnosis, 74 (45%) patients were HRD (Sig3+), while 91 (55%) were HR proficient (HRP, Sig3-). Sig3+ patients had longer PFS and OS than Sig3- patients (22 vs. 13 months and 51 vs. 34 months respectively, both p < 0.001). Sig3 successfully distinguished the poor prognostic HRP group among BRCAwt patients (PFS 19 months for Sig3+ and 13 months for Sig3- patients, p < 0.001). However, Sig3 at diagnosis did not predict chemoresponse anymore in the first relapse. The patient-level concordance between Sig3 and HR scar assay was 87%, and patients with HRD according to both tests had the longest median PFS. CONCLUSIONS Sig3 is a prognostic marker in advanced HGSC and useful tool in patient stratification for HRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Koskela
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Yilin Li
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Titta Joutsiniemi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Taru Muranen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Isoviita
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Giulia Micoli
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Lavikka
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giovanni Marchi
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sakari Hietanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Anni Virtanen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Hautaniemi
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Oikkonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
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20
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Sosinsky A, Ambrose J, Cross W, Turnbull C, Henderson S, Jones L, Hamblin A, Arumugam P, Chan G, Chubb D, Noyvert B, Mitchell J, Walker S, Bowman K, Pasko D, Buongermino Pereira M, Volkova N, Rueda-Martin A, Perez-Gil D, Lopez J, Pullinger J, Siddiq A, Zainy T, Choudhury T, Yavorska O, Fowler T, Bentley D, Kingsley C, Hing S, Deans Z, Rendon A, Hill S, Caulfield M, Murugaesu N. Insights for precision oncology from the integration of genomic and clinical data of 13,880 tumors from the 100,000 Genomes Cancer Programme. Nat Med 2024; 30:279-289. [PMID: 38200255 PMCID: PMC10803271 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The Cancer Programme of the 100,000 Genomes Project was an initiative to provide whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for patients with cancer, evaluating opportunities for precision cancer care within the UK National Healthcare System (NHS). Genomics England, alongside NHS England, analyzed WGS data from 13,880 solid tumors spanning 33 cancer types, integrating genomic data with real-world treatment and outcome data, within a secure Research Environment. Incidence of somatic mutations in genes recommended for standard-of-care testing varied across cancer types. For instance, in glioblastoma multiforme, small variants were present in 94% of cases and copy number aberrations in at least one gene in 58% of cases, while sarcoma demonstrated the highest occurrence of actionable structural variants (13%). Homologous recombination deficiency was identified in 40% of high-grade serous ovarian cancer cases with 30% linked to pathogenic germline variants, highlighting the value of combined somatic and germline analysis. The linkage of WGS and longitudinal life course clinical data allowed the assessment of treatment outcomes for patients stratified according to pangenomic markers. Our findings demonstrate the utility of linking genomic and real-world clinical data to enable survival analysis to identify cancer genes that affect prognosis and advance our understanding of how cancer genomics impacts patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - William Cross
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Clare Turnbull
- Genomics England, London, UK
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Louise Jones
- Genomics England, London, UK
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Angela Hamblin
- Genomics England, London, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Boris Noyvert
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tom Fowler
- Genomics England, London, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute and the Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sue Hill
- Genomics Unit, NHS England, London, UK
| | - Mark Caulfield
- Genomics England, London, UK.
- William Harvey Research Institute and the Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Nirupa Murugaesu
- Genomics England, London, UK.
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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21
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Lambert J, Lengliné E, Porcher R, Thiébaut R, Zohar S, Chevret S. Enriching single-arm clinical trials with external controls: possibilities and pitfalls. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5680-5690. [PMID: 36534147 PMCID: PMC10539876 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
For the past decade, it has become commonplace to provide rapid answers and early patient access to innovative treatments in the absence of randomized clinical trials (RCT), with benefits estimated from single-arm trials. This trend is important in oncology, notably when assessing new targeted therapies. Some of those uncontrolled trials further include an external/synthetic control group as an innovative way to provide an indirect comparison with a pertinent control group. We aimed to provide some guidelines as a comprehensive tool for (1) the critical appraisal of those comparisons or (2) for performing a single-arm trial. We used the example of ciltacabtagene autoleucel for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma after 3 or more treatment lines as an illustrative example. We propose a 3-step guidance. The first step includes the definition of an estimand, which encompasses the treatment effect and the targeted population (whole population or restricted to single-arm trial or external controls), reflecting a clinical question. The second step relies on the adequate selection of external controls from previous RCTs or real-world data from patient cohorts, registries, or electronic patient files. The third step consists of choosing the statistical approach targeting the treatment effect defined above and depends on the available data (individual-level data or aggregated external data). The validity of the treatment effect derived from indirect comparisons heavily depends on careful methodological considerations included in the proposed 3-step procedure. Because the level of evidence of a well-conducted RCT cannot be guaranteed, the evaluation is more important than in standard settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Lambert
- Biostatistical Department, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Epidemiology and Clinical Statistics for Tumor, Respiratory, and Resuscitation Assessments (ECSTRRA) Team, UMR1153, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Lengliné
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Porcher
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Hôtel-Dieu, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- The Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CRESS-UMR1153, Paris, France
| | - Rodolphe Thiébaut
- Medical Information Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, INRIA SISTM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sarah Zohar
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Inria, HeKA, Inria Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Chevret
- Biostatistical Department, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Epidemiology and Clinical Statistics for Tumor, Respiratory, and Resuscitation Assessments (ECSTRRA) Team, UMR1153, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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22
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Kondrashov A, Sapkota S, Sharma A, Riano I, Kurzrock R, Adashek JJ. Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Solid Tumor Oncology: An Effectiveness Payday with a Targeted Payload. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2160. [PMID: 37631374 PMCID: PMC10459723 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are at the forefront of the drug development revolution occurring in oncology. Formed from three main components-an antibody, a linker molecule, and a cytotoxic agent ("payload"), ADCs have the unique ability to deliver cytotoxic agents to cells expressing a specific antigen, a great leap forward from traditional chemotherapeutic approaches that cause widespread effects without specificity. A variety of payloads can be used, including most frequently microtubular inhibitors (auristatins and maytansinoids), as well as topoisomerase inhibitors and alkylating agents. Finally, linkers play a critical role in the ADCs' effect, as cleavable moieties that serve as linkers impact site-specific activation as well as bystander killing effects, an upshot that is especially important in solid tumors that often express a variety of antigens. While ADCs were initially used in hematologic malignancies, their utility has been demonstrated in multiple solid tumor malignancies, including breast, gastrointestinal, lung, cervical, ovarian, and urothelial cancers. Currently, six ADCs are FDA-approved for the treatment of solid tumors: ado-trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan, both anti-HER2; enfortumab-vedotin, targeting nectin-4; sacituzuzmab govitecan, targeting Trop2; tisotumab vedotin, targeting tissue factor; and mirvetuximab soravtansine, targeting folate receptor-alpha. Although they demonstrate utility and tolerable safety profiles, ADCs may become ineffective as tumor cells undergo evolution to avoid expressing the specific antigen being targeted. Furthermore, the current cost of ADCs can be limiting their reach. Here, we review the structure and functions of ADCs, as well as ongoing clinical investigations into novel ADCs and their potential as treatments of solid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei Kondrashov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Agnes Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21229, USA; (A.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Surendra Sapkota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Agnes Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21229, USA; (A.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Aditya Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dartmouth Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; (A.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Ivy Riano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dartmouth Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; (A.S.); (I.R.)
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03755, USA
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- WIN Consortium, 94550 Paris, France;
- MCW Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jacob J. Adashek
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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23
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Weymann D, Chan B, Regier DA. Genetic matching for time-dependent treatments: a longitudinal extension and simulation study. BMC Med Res Methodol 2023; 23:181. [PMID: 37559105 PMCID: PMC10413721 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-023-01995-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longitudinal matching can mitigate confounding in observational, real-world studies of time-dependent treatments. To date, these methods have required iterative, manual re-specifications to achieve covariate balance. We propose a longitudinal extension of genetic matching, a machine learning approach that automates balancing of covariate histories. We examine performance by comparing the proposed extension against baseline propensity score matching and time-dependent propensity score matching. METHODS To evaluate comparative performance, we developed a Monte Carlo simulation framework that reflects a static treatment assigned at multiple time points. Data generation considers a treatment assignment model, a continuous outcome model, and underlying covariates. In simulation, we generated 1,000 datasets, each consisting of 1,000 subjects, and applied: (1) nearest neighbour matching on time-invariant, baseline propensity scores; (2) sequential risk set matching on time-dependent propensity scores; and (3) longitudinal genetic matching on time-dependent covariates. To measure comparative performance, we estimated covariate balance, efficiency, bias, and root mean squared error (RMSE) of treatment effect estimates. In scenario analysis, we varied underlying assumptions for assumed covariate distributions, correlations, treatment assignment models, and outcome models. RESULTS In all scenarios, baseline propensity score matching resulted in biased effect estimation in the presence of time-dependent confounding, with mean bias ranging from 29.7% to 37.2%. In contrast, time-dependent propensity score matching and longitudinal genetic matching achieved stronger covariate balance and yielded less biased estimation, with mean bias ranging from 0.7% to 13.7%. Across scenarios, longitudinal genetic matching achieved similar or better performance than time-dependent propensity score matching without requiring manual re-specifications or normality of covariates. CONCLUSIONS While the most appropriate longitudinal method will depend on research questions and underlying data patterns, our study can help guide these decisions. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of our longitudinal genetic matching approach for supporting future real-world assessments of treatments accessible at multiple time points.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Chan
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Dean A Regier
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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24
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Salamini-Montemurri M, Lamas-Maceiras M, Lorenzo-Catoira L, Vizoso-Vázquez Á, Barreiro-Alonso A, Rodríguez-Belmonte E, Quindós-Varela M, Cerdán ME. Identification of lncRNAs Deregulated in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Based on a Gene Expression Profiling Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10798. [PMID: 37445988 PMCID: PMC10341812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the deadliest gynecological cancers worldwide, mainly because of its initially asymptomatic nature and consequently late diagnosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are non-coding transcripts of more than 200 nucleotides, whose deregulation is involved in pathologies such as EOC, and are therefore envisaged as future biomarkers. We present a meta-analysis of available gene expression profiling (microarray and RNA sequencing) studies from EOC patients to identify lncRNA genes with diagnostic and prognostic value. In this meta-analysis, we include 46 independent cohorts, along with available expression profiling data from EOC cell lines. Differential expression analyses were conducted to identify those lncRNAs that are deregulated in (i) EOC versus healthy ovary tissue, (ii) unfavorable versus more favorable prognosis, (iii) metastatic versus primary tumors, (iv) chemoresistant versus chemosensitive EOC, and (v) correlation to specific histological subtypes of EOC. From the results of this meta-analysis, we established a panel of lncRNAs that are highly correlated with EOC. The panel includes several lncRNAs that are already known and even functionally characterized in EOC, but also lncRNAs that have not been previously correlated with this cancer, and which are discussed in relation to their putative role in EOC and their potential use as clinically relevant tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Salamini-Montemurri
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), As Carballeiras, s/n, Campus de Elviña, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Facultade de Ciencias, A Fraga, s/n, Campus de A Zapateira, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mónica Lamas-Maceiras
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), As Carballeiras, s/n, Campus de Elviña, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Facultade de Ciencias, A Fraga, s/n, Campus de A Zapateira, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Lidia Lorenzo-Catoira
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), As Carballeiras, s/n, Campus de Elviña, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Facultade de Ciencias, A Fraga, s/n, Campus de A Zapateira, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ángel Vizoso-Vázquez
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), As Carballeiras, s/n, Campus de Elviña, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Facultade de Ciencias, A Fraga, s/n, Campus de A Zapateira, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Aida Barreiro-Alonso
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), As Carballeiras, s/n, Campus de Elviña, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Facultade de Ciencias, A Fraga, s/n, Campus de A Zapateira, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Esther Rodríguez-Belmonte
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), As Carballeiras, s/n, Campus de Elviña, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Facultade de Ciencias, A Fraga, s/n, Campus de A Zapateira, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - María Quindós-Varela
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - M Esperanza Cerdán
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), As Carballeiras, s/n, Campus de Elviña, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Facultade de Ciencias, A Fraga, s/n, Campus de A Zapateira, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), As Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
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Jiménez-Santos MJ, Nogueira-Rodríguez A, Piñeiro-Yáñez E, López-Fernández H, García-Martín S, Gómez-Plana P, Reboiro-Jato M, Gómez-López G, Glez-Peña D, Al-Shahrour F. PanDrugs2: prioritizing cancer therapies using integrated individual multi-omics data. Nucleic Acids Res 2023:7173696. [PMID: 37207338 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomics studies routinely confront researchers with long lists of tumor alterations detected in patients. Such lists are difficult to interpret since only a minority of the alterations are relevant biomarkers for diagnosis and for designing therapeutic strategies. PanDrugs is a methodology that facilitates the interpretation of tumor molecular alterations and guides the selection of personalized treatments. To do so, PanDrugs scores gene actionability and drug feasibility to provide a prioritized evidence-based list of drugs. Here, we introduce PanDrugs2, a major upgrade of PanDrugs that, in addition to somatic variant analysis, supports a new integrated multi-omics analysis which simultaneously combines somatic and germline variants, copy number variation and gene expression data. Moreover, PanDrugs2 now considers cancer genetic dependencies to extend tumor vulnerabilities providing therapeutic options for untargetable genes. Importantly, a novel intuitive report to support clinical decision-making is generated. PanDrugs database has been updated, integrating 23 primary sources that support >74K drug-gene associations obtained from 4642 genes and 14 659 unique compounds. The database has also been reimplemented to allow semi-automatic updates to facilitate maintenance and release of future versions. PanDrugs2 does not require login and is freely available at https://www.pandrugs.org/.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alba Nogueira-Rodríguez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Department of Computer Science, ESEI-Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- SING Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Elena Piñeiro-Yáñez
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Hugo López-Fernández
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Department of Computer Science, ESEI-Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- SING Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Santiago García-Martín
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Paula Gómez-Plana
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Miguel Reboiro-Jato
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Department of Computer Science, ESEI-Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- SING Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Gómez-López
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Daniel Glez-Peña
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Department of Computer Science, ESEI-Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- SING Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Fátima Al-Shahrour
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
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26
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Duan C, Yu M, Xu J, Li BY, Zhao Y, Kankala RK. Overcoming Cancer Multi-drug Resistance (MDR): Reasons, mechanisms, nanotherapeutic solutions, and challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114643. [PMID: 37031496 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells, either intrinsic or acquired through various mechanisms, significantly hinders the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. Typically, the reduced therapeutic performance of various drugs is predominantly due to the inherent over expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins on the cell membrane, resulting in the deprived uptake of drugs, augmenting drug detoxification, and DNA repair. In addition to various physiological abnormalities and extensive blood flow, MDR cancer phenotypes exhibit improved apoptotic threshold and drug efflux efficiency. These severe consequences have substantially directed researchers in the fabrication of various advanced therapeutic strategies, such as co-delivery of drugs along with various generations of MDR inhibitors, augmented dosage regimens and frequency of administration, as well as combinatorial treatment options, among others. In this review, we emphasize different reasons and mechanisms responsible for MDR in cancer, including but not limited to the known drug efflux mechanisms mediated by permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) and other pumps, reduced drug uptake, altered DNA repair, and drug targets, among others. Further, an emphasis on specific cancers that share pathogenesis in executing MDR and effluxed drugs in common is provided. Then, the aspects related to various nanomaterials-based supramolecular programmable designs (organic- and inorganic-based materials), as well as physical approaches (light- and ultrasound-based therapies), are discussed, highlighting the unsolved issues and future advancements. Finally, we summarize the review with interesting perspectives and future trends, exploring further opportunities to overcome MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Duan
- School of New Energy and Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan 528137, PR China.
| | - Mingjia Yu
- School of New Energy and Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan 528137, PR China
| | - Jiyuan Xu
- School of New Energy and Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan 528137, PR China
| | - Bo-Yi Li
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, PR China.
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27
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Tsang ES, Csizmok V, Williamson LM, Pleasance E, Topham JT, Karasinska JM, Titmuss E, Schrader I, Yip S, Tessier-Cloutier B, Mungall K, Ng T, Sun S, Lim HJ, Loree JM, Laskin J, Marra MA, Jones SJM, Schaeffer DF, Renouf DJ. Homologous recombination deficiency signatures in gastrointestinal and thoracic cancers correlate with platinum therapy duration. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:31. [PMID: 36964191 PMCID: PMC10039042 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There is emerging evidence about the predictive role of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), but this is less defined in gastrointestinal (GI) and thoracic malignancies. We reviewed whole genome (WGS) and transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) data from advanced GI and thoracic cancers in the Personalized OncoGenomics trial (NCT02155621) to evaluate HRD scores and single base substitution (SBS)3, which is associated with BRCA1/2 mutations and potentially predictive of defective HRD. HRD scores were calculated by sum of loss of heterozygosity, telomeric allelic imbalance, and large-scale state transitions scores. Regression analyses examined the association between HRD and time to progression on platinum (TTPp). We included 223 patients with GI (n = 154) or thoracic (n = 69) malignancies. TTPp was associated with SBS3 (p < 0.01) but not HRD score in patients with GI malignancies, whereas neither was associated with TTPp in thoracic malignancies. Tumors with gBRCA1/2 mutations and a somatic second alteration exhibited high SBS3 and HRD scores, but these signatures were also present in several tumors with germline but no somatic second alterations, suggesting silencing of the wild-type allele or BRCA1/2 haploinsufficiency. Biallelic inactivation of an HR gene, including loss of XRCC2 and BARD1, was identified in BRCA1/2 wild-type HRD tumors and these patients had prolonged response to platinum. Thoracic cases with high HRD score were associated with high RECQL5 expression (p ≤ 0.025), indicating another potential mechanism of HRD. SBS3 was more strongly associated with TTPp in patients with GI malignancies and may be complementary to using HRD and BRCA status in identifying patients who benefit from platinum therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica S Tsang
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Veronika Csizmok
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Laura M Williamson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Erin Pleasance
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Emma Titmuss
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Intan Schrader
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen Yip
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Basile Tessier-Cloutier
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tony Ng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sophie Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Howard J Lim
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jonathan M Loree
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Janessa Laskin
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre at BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David F Schaeffer
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel J Renouf
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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28
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Li D, Huang S, Luo C, Xu Y, Fu S, Liu K, Wu J. CKLF as a Prognostic Biomarker and Its Association with Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:2653-2672. [PMID: 36975415 PMCID: PMC10047849 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30030202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Chemokine-like factor (CKLF)-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing (CMTM) family, comprising nine members, is involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of various cancers. However, the expression profiles and clinical significance of CMTM family members in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not fully clarified. In this study, the RNA-sequencing and clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. The Kaplan–Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic significance of CMTM family members. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and ESTIMATE algorithms were employed to explore the relationship between CMTM family genes and the tumor microenvironment in HCC. Finally, the prognostic CMTM family gene expression was further validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in clinical HCC tissue specimens. The results indicated that, compared with normal tissues, the expression of CKLF, CMTM1, CMTM3, CMTM4, CMTM7, and CMTM8 were significantly upregulated in HCC, while the expression of CMTM2, CMTM5, and CMTM6 were significantly downregulated in HCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that CKLF was an independent prognostic biomarker for the overall survival (OS) of HCC patients. In HCC, the expression of CKLF was found to be correlated with immune cell infiltration, immune-related functions, and immune checkpoint genes. The qRT-PCR and IHC confirmed that CKLF was highly expressed in HCC. Overall, this research suggested that CKLF is involved in immune cell infiltration and may serve as a critical prognostic biomarker, which provides new light on the therapeutics for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shenglan Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yongkang Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shumin Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Kan Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13507917177; Fax: +86-0791-83969154
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29
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Howden BP, Giulieri SG, Wong Fok Lung T, Baines SL, Sharkey LK, Lee JYH, Hachani A, Monk IR, Stinear TP. Staphylococcus aureus host interactions and adaptation. Nat Rev Microbiol 2023; 21:380-395. [PMID: 36707725 PMCID: PMC9882747 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections are common, causing high mortality, compounded by the propensity of the bacterium to develop drug resistance. S. aureus is an excellent case study of the potential for a bacterium to be commensal, colonizing, latent or disease-causing; these states defined by the interplay between S. aureus and host. This interplay is multidimensional and evolving, exemplified by the spread of S. aureus between humans and other animal reservoirs and the lack of success in vaccine development. In this Review, we examine recent advances in understanding the S. aureus-host interactions that lead to infections. We revisit the primary role of neutrophils in controlling infection, summarizing the discovery of new immune evasion molecules and the discovery of new functions ascribed to well-known virulence factors. We explore the intriguing intersection of bacterial and host metabolism, where crosstalk in both directions can influence immune responses and infection outcomes. This Review also assesses the surprising genomic plasticity of S. aureus, its dualism as a multi-mammalian species commensal and opportunistic pathogen and our developing understanding of the roles of other bacteria in shaping S. aureus colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P. Howden
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XCentre for Pathogen Genomics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,grid.410678.c0000 0000 9374 3516Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria Australia ,grid.416153.40000 0004 0624 1200Microbiology Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Stefano G. Giulieri
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,grid.416153.40000 0004 0624 1200Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Tania Wong Fok Lung
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Paediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Sarah L. Baines
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Liam K. Sharkey
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Jean Y. H. Lee
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,grid.419789.a0000 0000 9295 3933Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria Australia
| | - Abderrahman Hachani
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Ian R. Monk
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Timothy P. Stinear
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XCentre for Pathogen Genomics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
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30
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Pinet S, Durand S, Perani A, Darnaud L, Amadjikpe F, Yon M, Darbas T, Vergnenegre A, Egenod T, Simonneau Y, Le Brun-Ly V, Pestre J, Venat L, Thuillier F, Chaunavel A, Duchesne M, Fermeaux V, Guyot A, Lacorre S, Bessette B, Lalloué F, Durand K, Deluche E. Clinical management of molecular alterations identified by high throughput sequencing in patients with advanced solid tumors in treatment failure: Real-world data from a French hospital. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1104659. [PMID: 36923436 PMCID: PMC10009270 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1104659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the context of personalized medicine, screening patients to identify targetable molecular alterations is essential for therapeutic decisions such as inclusion in clinical trials, early access to therapies, or compassionate treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the real-world impact of routine incorporation of FoundationOne analysis in cancers with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options, or in those progressing after at least one course of standard therapy. Methods A FoundationOneCDx panel for solid tumor or liquid biopsy samples was offered to 204 eligible patients. Results Samples from 150 patients were processed for genomic testing, with a data acquisition success rate of 93%. The analysis identified 2419 gene alterations, with a median of 11 alterations per tumor (range, 0-86). The most common or likely pathogenic variants were on TP53, TERT, PI3KCA, CDKN2A/B, KRAS, CCDN1, FGF19, FGF3, and SMAD4. The median tumor mutation burden was three mutations/Mb (range, 0-117) in 143 patients with available data. Of 150 patients with known or likely pathogenic actionable alterations, 13 (8.6%) received matched targeted therapy. Sixty-nine patients underwent Molecular Tumor Board, which resulted in recommendations in 60 cases. Treatment with genotype-directed therapy had no impact on overall survival (13 months vs. 14 months; p = 0.95; hazard ratio = 1.04 (95% confidence interval, 0.48-2.26)]. Conclusions This study highlights that an organized center with a Multidisciplinary Molecular Tumor Board and an NGS screening system can obtain satisfactory results comparable with those of large centers for including patients in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pinet
- Medical Oncology Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Stéphanie Durand
- The National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1308 - CAPTuR "Control Of Cell Activation, Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance", Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Alexandre Perani
- Cytogenetic, Medical Genetic and Reproductive Biology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Léa Darnaud
- Department of Pathology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Fifame Amadjikpe
- Department of Pathology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Mathieu Yon
- Department of Pathology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Tiffany Darbas
- Medical Oncology Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | | | - Thomas Egenod
- Chest Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | | | - Valérie Le Brun-Ly
- Medical Oncology Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Julia Pestre
- Medical Oncology Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Laurence Venat
- Medical Oncology Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Frédéric Thuillier
- Medical Oncology Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Alain Chaunavel
- The National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1308 - CAPTuR "Control Of Cell Activation, Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance", Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Department of Pathology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Mathilde Duchesne
- Department of Pathology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France.,Research Unit (UR) 20218 - NEURIT "Neuropathies et Innovations Thérapeutiques", Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | | | - Anne Guyot
- Department of Pathology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Sylvain Lacorre
- Department of Pathology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Barbara Bessette
- The National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1308 - CAPTuR "Control Of Cell Activation, Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance", Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Fabrice Lalloué
- The National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1308 - CAPTuR "Control Of Cell Activation, Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance", Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Karine Durand
- The National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1308 - CAPTuR "Control Of Cell Activation, Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance", Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Department of Pathology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Elise Deluche
- Medical Oncology Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France.,The National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1308 - CAPTuR "Control Of Cell Activation, Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance", Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
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31
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Kwan EM, Wyatt AW, Chi KN. Towards clinical implementation of circulating tumor DNA in metastatic prostate cancer: Opportunities for integration and pitfalls to interpretation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1054497. [PMID: 36439451 PMCID: PMC9685669 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1054497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) represents short fragments of tumor-derived DNA released into the bloodstream primarily from cancer cells undergoing apoptosis. In metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), characterizing genomic alterations in ctDNA identifies mutations, copy number alterations, and structural rearrangements with predictive and prognostic biomarker utility. These associations with clinical outcomes have resulted in ctDNA increasingly incorporated into routine clinical care. In this review, we summarize current and emerging applications for ctDNA analysis in metastatic prostate cancer, including outcome prediction, treatment selection, and characterization of treatment resistance. We also discuss potential pitfalls with interpreting ctDNA findings, namely false negatives arising from low tumor content and optimal assay design, including correction for clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and germline variants. Understanding the influence of these limitations on interpretation of ctDNA results is necessary to overcome barriers to clinical implementation. Nevertheless, as assay availability and technology continue to improve, recognizing both opportunities and shortcomings of ctDNA analysis will retain relevance with informing the implementation of precision-oncology initiatives for metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmond M. Kwan
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Cancer, Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander W. Wyatt
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kim N. Chi
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Cancer, Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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32
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Normanno N, Apostolidis K, Wolf A, Al Dieri R, Deans Z, Fairley J, Maas J, Martinez A, Moch H, Nielsen S, Pilz T, Rouleau E, Patton S, Williams V. Access and quality of biomarker testing for precision oncology in Europe. Eur J Cancer 2022; 176:70-77. [PMID: 36194905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictive biomarkers are essential for selecting the best therapeutic strategy in patients with cancer. The International Quality Network for Pathology, the European Cancer Patient Coalition and the European Federation of Pharmaceuticals Industries and Associations evaluated the access to and quality of biomarker testing across Europe. METHODS Data sources included surveys of 141 laboratory managers and 1.665 patients, and 58 in-depth interviews with laboratory managers, physicians and payers. Four access metrics (laboratory access, test availability, test reimbursement, test order rate) and three quality metrics (quality scheme participation, laboratory accreditation, test turnaround time) were applied to rank the results. RESULTS The access to precision medicines is higher in countries with public national reimbursement processes in place. Lack of diagnostic laboratory infrastructure, inefficient organization and/or insufficient public reimbursement narrow the access to single biomarker tests in many European countries. In countries with limited public reimbursement, pharma and patients' out of pocket were the primary funding sources for testing. Uptake of multi-biomarker next generation sequencing (NGS) is highly varied, ranging from 0% to >50%. Financial constraints, a lack of NGS testing capabilities and the failure to include NGS testing in the guidelines represent the main barriers to NGS implementation. The quality of biomarker testing is highest in Western and Northern Europe, with more than 90% of laboratories participating in quality assurance schemes. CONCLUSIONS Our data clearly indicate the need for a call to action to ensure the clinical implementation of precision medicine in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Normanno
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
| | | | | | - Raed Al Dieri
- European Society of Pathology (ESP), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Jörg Maas
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pathologie E.V. (DGP), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Holger Moch
- University Hospital and University, Zurich, Switzerland
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33
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Jiang P, Sinha S, Aldape K, Hannenhalli S, Sahinalp C, Ruppin E. Big data in basic and translational cancer research. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:625-639. [PMID: 36064595 PMCID: PMC9443637 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the primary focus of cancer research has been molecular and clinical studies of a few essential pathways and genes. Recent years have seen the rapid accumulation of large-scale cancer omics data catalysed by breakthroughs in high-throughput technologies. This fast data growth has given rise to an evolving concept of 'big data' in cancer, whose analysis demands large computational resources and can potentially bring novel insights into essential questions. Indeed, the combination of big data, bioinformatics and artificial intelligence has led to notable advances in our basic understanding of cancer biology and to translational advancements. Further advances will require a concerted effort among data scientists, clinicians, biologists and policymakers. Here, we review the current state of the art and future challenges for harnessing big data to advance cancer research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiang
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Sanju Sinha
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sridhar Hannenhalli
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cenk Sahinalp
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Beer PA, Biankin AV. Bridging the implementation gap: delivering complex genomic analysis for routine cancer care. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:857-859. [PMID: 35931317 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, Scotland G61 1QH, United Kingdom; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER UNITED KINGDOM; South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Liverpool NSW 2170, AUSTRALIA
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